浙江省浙里特色联盟期中联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省浙里特色联盟期中联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanwanttodo?A.Sweepthefloor.B.Gotothepool.C.Borrowadollar.2.Whenisthewomanfreeeveryweek?A.OnSunday.B.OnMonday.C.OnThursday.3.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Performinginaplay.B.Buyingticketsforashow.C.MakingFridaynightplans.4.Whydoestheyoungmanwanttohelpcooktonight?A.HelovescookingMexicanfood.B.Hewantstoprepareforlivingalone.C.Hewantstoshowhismotherhisnewdish.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atapublicpool.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inagym.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowlongcanaBritishadultstandinlinepatientlyaccordingtothesurvey?A.About11minutes.B.About42minutes.C.About90minutes.7.HowdomostBritishpeoplepaytheirbillsnow?A.Inperson.B.Bymail.C.Online.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatwillthemandooverthenextyear?A.Switchtoanothermajor.B.Startacomputercompany.C.Workathisuncle’scompany.9.Whathappenedtothewoman’sbrotherlastyear?A.Hefinallyfoundagoodcareer.B.HemovedtoSiliconValley.C.Hegraduatedfromcollege.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanusuallygetatthemovies?A.Somepopcorn.B.Ahotdog.C.Asandwich.11.Whatdoesthewomanmeanby“realfood”?A.Foodthat’sclassic.B.Foodthat’scookedathome.C.Foodthat’ssimilartothatatacafé.12.Whatdoesthewomanimplyintheend?A.Theyshouldcomebacktothattheatersoon.B.Othertheatershavesimilarfoodchoices.C.Shealreadygoestothattheaterenough.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheinformationsession?A.Uncertain.B.Interested.C.Disappointed.14.Whatdoesthemanseemtobedoing?A.Explainingthecourseoutline.B.Urgingthewomantoreconsider.C.Providingdetailsaboutsomejobs.15.WhenwillthespeakersmeetonMonday?A.At10:00inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.At1:00intheafternoon.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Brotherandsister.C.Schoolmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhereisHotSprings?A.Inthemountains.B.InthenorthernU.S.C.BytheoceaninthesouthernU.S.18.WhydidHotSpringsgetitsname?A.Becauseofthehotclimateofthearea.B.Becauseofthetoughguyshidinghere.C.Becauseofthehotwaterscomingoutoftheground.19.WhatisthehighesttemperatureofthewatersinHotSprings?A.135degreesFahrenheit.B.145degreesFahrenheit.C.Nearly200degreesFahrenheit.20.Whatisaninterestingfactaboutthecity?A.Theoldbathhousesarestillbeingusedthere.B.Thehotwatertherecarriedspecialpowers.C.Manyfamouspeoplewerebornthere.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALocatedinBritain,theUniversityofOxfordisrespectedinternationallyasateachingandresearchcenter.EvidenceshowsthatteachingexistedinOxfordasearlyas1096,andithasbeenrankedasthetopuniversityintheUKbyTheTimesformanytimes.TheTutorial(导师的)SystemIntheUniversityofOxford,teachingisconductedprimarilythroughthetutorialsystem.Tutorialsarebeneficialtostudents’skillsofcriticalanalysis,butthegreatestadvantageofthetutorialsystemistheindividualguidancethatstudentsreceive.ThecontrastbetweentutorialsandlargelecturescommonintheAmericanuniversitiesisobvious.InthetypicalAmericanuniversity,studentsaretaughtbythesamespecialists,inthesamemanner,andheldtothesamestandards.SocietiesandClubsTherearerichafter-schoolactivitiesatOxford.Studentsmayjoinavarietyofclubsandsocietiesaccordingtotheirowninterests.TheOxfordUniversityScientificSocietyaimstobringtogetherundergraduatestodiscussscientificmatters.TheOxfordUnionSocietyhasgainedaworldwidereputationforitsdebate.TheNewmanSocietyhasservedasamodelforreligioussocietythroughouttheEnglish-speakingworld.Inaddition,thereareagreatmanyclubs,includingOxfordUniversityCricketClub,OxfordUniversityChessClub,andsoon.DatesofTermOxford’syearisdividedintothreetermsandthreevacations.ThedatesforFullTerm2023-24aresetoutbelow:YearTermFromTo2023-24Michaelmas2023Sunday8OctoberSaturday2DecemberHilary2024Sunday14JanuarySaturday9MarchTrinity2024Sunday21AprilSaturday15June1.Whatisthebiggestadvantageofthetutorialsystem?A.Itpromotesstudents’criticalanalysis. B.Itprovidespersonalizedteaching.C.Itofferslargelecturestostudents. D.Itusesthesamemannerandstandards.2.Whichorganizationwillyoujoinifyouwanttobeagreatdebater?A.TheOxfordUniversityScientificSociety. B.TheOxfordUnionSociety.C.TheNewmanSociety. D.OxfordUniversityCricketClub.3.HowlongdoestheteachingperiodlastwithinFullTerm2023-24?A.8weeks. B.16weeks. C.24weeks. D.32weeks.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学的地位及其特点。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TheTutorial(导师的)System部分中“Tutorialsarebeneficialtostudents’skillsofcriticalanalysis,butthegreatestadvantageofthetutorialsystemistheindividualguidancethatstudentsreceive.(导师制有利于培养学生的批判性分析能力，但导师制最大的优点是学生得到的个别指导。)”可知，导师制最大的优点是它提供个性化的教学。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据SocietiesandClubs部分中“TheOxfordUnionSocietyhasgainedaworldwidereputationforitsdebate.(牛津联盟协会因其辩论而享誉全球。)”可知，如果你想成为一名优秀的辩手，你会加入牛津联盟协会。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据DatesofTerm部分表格中“Michaelmas2023fromSunday8OctobertoSaturday2December;Hilary2024fromSunday14JanuarytoSaturday9March;Trinity2024fromSunday21ApriltoSaturday15June(2023年米迦勒节从10月8日星期日至12月2日星期六；希拉里2024从1月14日星期日至3月9日星期六；三一2024从4月21日星期日到6月15日星期六)”可知，2023-24学年的教学周期是24周。故选C项。BComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat“completely”changedhuman’sviewoftheuniverse.Wu’sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung’slife.Workinginthescientificworlddominated(支配)bymen,shenevergaveuporloweredherstandardsevenifunequallytreated.AftergraduatingfromtheformerNationalCentralUniversityinNanjingin1934,WuregisteredattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyattheageof24tocontinueherstudyinphysics.Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu’spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas“ChineseMadameCurie”,“queenofnuclearresearch”and“firstladyofphysics”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity.Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名声)foraccuracy.Therewasasayingamongphysicists:IftheexperimentwasdonebyWu,itmustbecorrect.Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校准)instruments.Shedidn’tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments.Herexperimentsoverturnedmanypreviousexperimentalresultsandtheories,saidSamuelChaoChungTing,AmericanphysicistandNobelPrizewinner.OnFeb16,1997,WudiedintheUS.Accordingtoherwill,shewasburiedinherhometownTaicang.Shewasadistinguishedworldcitizen,andwasforeveraChinese.4.WhatinfluencedWuChien-shiungwhenshewasyoung?A.HerlifeinAmerica. B.Herloveforphysics.C.Herfamilybackground. D.MarieCurie’sachievements.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Awardsareusuallygainedthroughgreatefforts.B.WuChien-shiungwas“apioneer”inmanyways.C.NoscientistswerebetterthanWuChien-shiung.D.Wecannotstresstheimportanceofphysicsenough.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWuChien-shiung?A.Caringandresponsible. B.Courageousandcreative.C.Stubbornandsensitive. D.Cautiousandhardworking.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aninfluentialwomannuclearphysicist. B.Animportantcontributiontophysics.C.Theinfluenceofmoderneducation. D.Nuclearresearchesinscientificworld.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了最有影响力的人之一：20世纪的女性核物理学家吴健雄的生平事迹。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Wu’sfather,WuZhongyi,foundedthefirstschoolforgirlsinTaicang,aimingtobreaktheoldideathatitwaswomen’svirtuetohavenotalents,whichhadthegreatestinfluenceonWuChien-shiung’slife.(吴健雄的父亲吴忠义在太仓创办了第一所女子学校，旨在打破“女子无才为德”的旧观念，这对吴建雄的一生影响最大)”可知，吴健雄的家庭背景对她有深远的影响。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Duringher44-yearcareerasanuclearphysicist,Wu’spioneeringachievementswonhernicknamessuchas“ChineseMadameCurie”,“queenofnuclearresearch”and“firstladyofphysics”.ShewasthefirstwomantobepresidentofAmericanPhysicalSociety,thefirstfemalewinneroftheComstockPrizeinphysicsgivenbytheUSNationalAcademyofSciences,thefirstpersontoreceivetheWolfPrizeinphysics,thefirsthonorarydoctorateawardedbyPrincetonUniversitytoawoman,andthefirstfemaleprofessorofphysicsinthehistoryofColumbiaUniversity.(在她44年的核物理学家生涯中，吴的开创性成就为她赢得了“中国居里夫人”、“核研究女王”和“物理学第一夫人”等称号。她是第一位担任美国物理学会会长的女性，第一位获得美国国家科学院颁发的科姆斯托克物理学奖的女性，第一位获得沃尔夫物理学奖的人，第一位获得普林斯顿大学授予女性荣誉博士学位的人，也是哥伦比亚大学历史上第一位女物理学教授)”可知，作者通过本段旨在说明吴健雄在许多方面都是“先锋”。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Togetaccurateresultsfromexperiments,sheworkedveryharddayandnightatalaboratoryandgainedareputation(名声)foraccuracy.(为了得到准确的实验结果，她在实验室里夜以继日地努力工作，并以准确著称)”可知，吴健雄是一个勤奋的人；再根据“Shewasalwaysverycarefulinexperiments,spendingagreatdealoftimecalibrating(校准)instruments.Shedidn’tstartcollectingdatauntilshefullyunderstoodtheinstruments.(她做实验总是很细心，花很多时间校准仪器)”可知，她是一个谨慎小心的人。综上，吴健雄是一个勤奋且谨慎的人。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ComparedwithphysicistssuchasMarieCurieorRichardFeynman,WuChien-shiungisnotahouseholdnameinChinabutshewasoneofthemostinfluentialnuclearphysicistsofthe20thcentury,onethat“completely”changedhuman’sviewoftheuniverse.(与玛丽·居里或理查德·费曼等物理学家相比，吴健雄在中国并不家喻户晓，但她是20世纪最具影响力的核物理学家之一，她“彻底”改变了人类对宇宙的看法)”以及通读整篇文章可知，本文讲述的是最有影响力的人之一：20世纪的女性核物理学家吴健雄的生平事迹。故选A。CEarthDayfallsonApril22eachyeartoinformpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblemsandinspirethemtoact.Itfirstcameintobeingin1970,followedin1972byWorldEnvironmentDay.Ithasbeencelebratedeversince,slowlybutsurelypickingupsteam.Interestingly,itremainedagrassrootsaffairfor20yearsbeforespreadingoutto140countriesin1990.Now,itiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Humansstillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechangeandplasticpollution.Butwecanallmakeadifference.WhenClairewasintheseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandandmodernizehermiddleschool.AsafollowerofEarthDay,shewantedtohelp.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheprojectbecause,sheexplained,cleanenergywouldcontributetoatrulymodernschool,andhelpherschoolpursuesustainabledevelopment.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.SoClarieturnedtothecommunity,lookingforasolution.Herfriendsandneighborssharedherenthusiasm.SoonClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadults,whosettoworkraisingtherest.Theywrotegrant(拨款)requests,putonatalentshowandaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthematHalloween.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Onedonatedmorethanhalfthecost!Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyone-fourthoftheschool’selectricityneeds,savingthedistrictthousandsofdollars.“Myfavoritepartaboutthisprojectwasthatonepersoncouldstartsomethingsmallandthentheprojectcouldgrowandhaveabigimpactonthecommunity,”Clairesaid“Therearealwaysgoingtobebarriersandhardparts.Whenthere’sachallengepresentedtoyou,useitasalearningmomentandanopportunitytoovercomeit.”Youcanbeaherofortheenvironment,sofindoutwhatcanberecycledwhereyoulive.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutEarthDayfromthefirstparagraph?A.ItwasfirstcelebratedonApril22,1972. B.Itgainedinstantpopularityworldwide.C.Itaimstoraiseenvironmentalawareness. D.Itpromotessolutionstohumanchallenges.9.WhydidClairegiveadvicetoherschool?A.Tosellthesolarpanels. B.Tomakeherschoolgreener.C.Toimproveacademicgrades. D.Tobeautifytheschoolcampus.10.Whatisparagraph3ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thevitalroleofcharities. B.Difficultiesinraisingmoney.C.Constanteffortsontheproject. D.Financialsupportfromthepublic.11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeClaire?A.Responsibleanddetermined. B.Generousandcreative.C.Energeticandreliable. D.Curiousandadventurous.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲地球日追随者Claire让学校用上太阳能电池板，实现可持续发展的故事。【8题详析】细节理解题。由文章第一段“EarthDayfallsonApril22eachyeartoinformpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblemsandinspirethemtoact.(每年的4月22日是地球日，旨在向人们宣传环境问题并激励他们采取行动。)”可知，地球日旨在提高环境意识。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheprojectbecause,sheexplained,cleanenergywouldcontributetoatrulymodernschool,andhelpherschoolpursuesustainabledevelopment.(Claire要求学校董事会在该项目中增加太阳能电池板，因为她解释说，清洁能源将有助于建设一所真正现代化的学校，并帮助她的学校实现可持续发展。)”可知，Claire这样做是为了让她的学校更环保。故选B项。【10题详析】主旨大意题。由文章第三段“Herfriendsandneighborssharedherenthusiasm.SoonClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadults,whosettoworkraisingtherest.Theywrotegrant(拨款)requests,putonatalentshowandaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthematHalloween.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Onedonatedmorethanhalfthecost!(她的朋友和邻居都和她一样热情。很快，Claire组织了一群孩子和成年人，他们开始着手抚养剩下的孩子。他们写拨款申请，举办才艺表演，要求捐款，甚至在万圣节挨家挨户为他们捐款。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个捐赠了超过一半的费用！)”以及上文可知，这段主要讲Claire在这项目上不断努力。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“‘Myfavoritepartaboutthisprojectwasthatonepersoncouldstartsomethingsmallandthentheprojectcouldgrowandhaveabigimpactonthecommunity,’Clairesaid‘Therearealwaysgoingtobebarriersandhardparts.Whenthere’sachallengepresentedtoyou,useitasalearningmomentandanopportunitytoovercomeit.’(Claire说：‘这个项目我最喜欢的部分是，一个人可以开始一些小事情，然后这个项目可以发展壮大，并对社区产生重大影响。总会有障碍和困难。当你面临挑战时，把它当作一个学习的时刻和克服它的机会。’)”以及前文Claire所做的事可知，Claire是一个有责任心和决心的人。故选A项。DIntendedtohelpdrawdowncarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,Tree-plantinghasbecomeasynonym(同义词)forclimateaction.Inourconstantfocusontrees,we’vedevelopedafixedunderstanding:Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,endofstory.Therealityisthattreesdon’tgrowwellalone.Theyexistwithincomplexcommunities,helpedalongbyeachotheraswellastheanimalstheycoexistwith.Thewoodlandisn’tnature’sonlycarbonsink:grasslandsandoceansalsohelpreducethecarbonlevelandrelyonahealthyamountofbiodiversity.That’swhatthepaper,publishedinNature,wantstogetacross.Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.That’sbecauseanimalsanimatethecarboncyclethroughtheirbehaviorandrolesintheecosystem.Headdedthattheverypresenceofwildanimalscouldcausefeedbackeffectsthatchangetheecosystem’scapacitytoabsorb,release,ortransportcarbon.InSerengeti,forinstance,thesharpdeclineinwildebeest(角马)populationsduringthemid-20thcenturyallowedgrasstogrowwildly,eventuallypromotingwildfiresthatconsumed80percentoftheecosystemannuallyandledtoanetreleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Whendiseasemanagementandbansonillegalhuntinghelpedanimalpopulationsrecover,agreatershareofthecarbonstoredinplantswasconsumedbywildebeestandreleasedaswaste,keepingitinthesystemandrestoringthegrasslandasacarbonsink.Researchersrarelyconsiderwildlifeconservationasastrategytoincreaseanecosystem’scarbonstoragecapacity,saidSchmitz.“Theythinkthatanimalseitheraren’timportantenoughorthatyoucan’ttakeupcarbonandconserveanimalsatthesametime,”hesaid.“Ourmessageisthatyoucanandshould.Itcanbeawin-winforbothbiodiversityconservationandcarbonuptake.”Weneedafullpicture—withbothtreesandanimals—toexplorenature’sfullpotential.12.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphtellus?A.Actionsareneededtoreducecarbondioxide. B.Treesareaquicksolutiontotheclimatecrisis.C.Grasslandshelpmaintainbiodiversity. D.Peoplearenotthinkingthroughtreesproperly.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“animate”inparagraph2mean?A.Disturb. B.Restart. C.Activate. D.Break.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningwildebeest?A.Theconservationofanimalsisstillaseriousissue.B.Animalscanswingtheecosystem’scapacitytostorecarbon.C.Humanimpactsbringaboutthereductioninwildlifepopulations.D.Theincreaseinanimalspeciescausesadecreaseincarbonuptake.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnimalsAdjustThemselvestoClimateChangeB.TreesMayFailtoFulfilTheirDutieswithoutAnimalsC.WoodlandIsn’ttheOnlyCarbonSinkontheEarthD.TheSerengetiEcosystemNeedsUrgentImprovement【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了树木在生态系统中与动物的相互作用，没有动物，树木可能无法履行它们的职责。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inourconstantfocusontrees,we’vedevelopedafixedunderstanding:Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,endofstory.Therealityisthattreesdon’tgrowwellalone.(在我们对树木的持续关注中，我们已经形成了一种固定的理解：树木吸收二氧化碳，仅此而已。事实是，树木单独生长不好)”可推知，人们没有正确地考虑树木。故选D项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.(合著者OswaldJ.Schmitz是耶鲁大学的生态学教授，他说，如果没有合适的动物在它们的生态系统中，树木可能无法有效地完成它们的碳吸收工作)”可知，生态系统中有合适的动物，树木才能有效地完成它们的碳吸收工作。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“这是因为动物通过它们在生态系统中的行为和角色来激活碳循环”，animate意思是“激活，激发”。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Headdedthattheverypresenceofwildanimalscouldcausefeedbackeffectsthatchangetheecosystem’scapacitytoabsorb,release,ortransportcarbon.(他补充说，野生动物的存在可能会引起反馈效应，改变生态系统吸收、释放或运输碳的能力)”和第三段“InSerengeti,forinstance,thesharpdeclineinwildebeest(角马)populationsduringthemid-20thcenturyallowedgrasstogrowwildly,eventuallypromotingwildfiresthatconsumed80percentoftheecosystemannuallyandledtoanetreleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Whendiseasemanagementandbansonillegalhuntinghelpedanimalpopulationsrecover,agreatershareofthecarbonstoredinplantswasconsumedbywildebeestandreleasedaswaste,keepingitinthesystemandrestoringthegrasslandasacarbonsink.(例如，在Serengeti，角马的数量在20世纪中期急剧下降，使得草疯狂生长，最终引发了野火，每年消耗80%的生态系统，并导致二氧化碳净释放到大气中。当疾病管理和禁止非法狩猎帮助动物种群恢复时，储存在植物中的大部分碳被角马消耗并作为废物释放出来，使其留在系统中，并恢复草原作为碳汇的作用)”可推知，角马数量下降最终导致二氧化碳净释放到大气中，动物数量恢复时碳被留在生态系统中，故作者提到角马是举例说明第二段的观点，动物可以改变生态系统储存碳的能力。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据第二段中“Co-authorOswaldJ.Schmitz,aprofessorofecologyatYaleUniversity,saidtreesmightnotbeabletodotheircarbon-uptakejobefficientlywithouttherightanimalsintheirecosystem.(合著者OswaldJ.Schmitz是耶鲁大学的生态学教授，他说，如果没有合适的动物在它们的生态系统中，树木可能无法有效地完成它们的碳吸收工作)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述树木在生态系统中与动物的相互作用，没有动物，树木可能无法履行它们的职责。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtodealwithsilenttreatment?Issomeoneyouknowgivingyouthesilenttreatment?Maybeyoudidsomethingwrong:youembarrassedorhumiliatedtheotherperson;Youletthemdownorfailedtogivethemyoursupportwhentheyneededit.___16___.BeclearaboutwhathappenedYouprobablyalreadyknowwhatitwasthatyousaidordid.___17___.Youcouldsay,“Ifeellikethere’saproblembetweenusandthatyoumightbeupsetwithme.”Ifyoudoknowwhathappenedbetweenyoutocausethisgap,askifyoucantalk.___18___Explainthatyouknowwhathappenedbetweenyouwasn’tgoodandthatyou’dliketobefriendsagain.Askthemwhattheirthoughtsandfeelingsarenowaboutwhathappened.Acknowledgewhattheysayabouthowtheyfeel,andthensayhowyoufeel.Forexample,“Iunderstandwhyyouareupsetandthatyouareangry.Ifeelsad/upset/badaboutwhathappened,andI’dliketoputthingsright.”Takeresponsibilityandapologize___19___.Itsimplymeansadmittingyourpartinanywrongdoingandexpressingthatyou’resorry.Forexample,“IknowyouwantedoursituationtobekeptprivateandI’vereallyupsetyoubytellingotherpeopleaboutit.I’msorryIdidthat.Ithoughtthattalkingaboutittootherswouldhelpmemakesenseofwhatwasgoingon.”TryonlyonceIftheotherpersonrefusestorestarttalkingtoyou,there’snothingelseyoucando.___20___Theymayneedmoretimetoprocesswhathappenedbetweenyou,sogivethemsomespace.A.You’vedoneyourbest.Now,itisuptothem.B.Shareyourpastexperiences.C.Thisdoesn’tmeantakingalltheblame.D.Nomatterwhatitis,here’sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.E.Itmeansthatweshouldkeepittoourselves.F.Butifnot,ask.G.Askaboutthoughtsandfeelings.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.C20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对冷眼相待的一些方法。【16题详析】上文“Maybeyoudidsomethingwrong:youembarrassedorhumiliatedtheotherperson;Youletthemdownorfailedtogivethemyoursupportwhentheyneededit.(也许你做错了什么：你让别人感到尴尬或羞辱；你让他们失望了，或者在他们需要的时候没有给予他们支持。)”分析了受到冷眼相待的可能原因，下文的黑体小标题介绍了一些方法，选项D中Nomatterwhatitis承接上文内容，ways与下文呼应，所以D选项“不管是什么，这里有一些方法可以让你走上正确的方向。”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。【17题详析】上文“Youprobablyalreadyknowwhatitwasthatyousaidordid.(你可能已经知道你说了什么或做了什么。)”提到了你可能知道的情况；下文“Youcouldsay,“Ifeellikethere’saproblembetweenusandthatyoumightbeupsetwithme.”(你可以说：“我觉得我们之间有问题，你可能会生我的气。”)”提到了你说的话，F选项“但如果不是，那就问问。”与上文构成转折关系，且能引起下文。故选F项。【18题详析】空格处是小标题的位置，下文“Explainthatyouknowwhathappenedbetweenyouwasn’tgoodandthatyou’dliketobefriendsagain.Askthemwhattheirthoughtsandfeelingsarenowaboutwhathappened.Acknowledgewhattheysayabouthowtheyfeel,andthensayhowyoufeel.(解释一下，你知道你们之间发生的事情并不好，你想再次成为朋友。问他们现在对所发生的事情有什么想法和感受。承认他们所说的他们的感受，然后说出你的感受。)”提到了询问想法和感受，选项G中thoughtsandfeelings是关键词，与下文呼应，所以G选项“询问对方的想法和感受。”能概括下文内容，适合用作小标题。故选G项。【19题详析】本段小标题“Takeresponsibilityandapologize(承担责任并道歉)”提到了责任和道歉；下文“Itsimplymeansadmittingyourpartinanywrongdoingandexpressingthatyou’resorry.(它只是意味着承认你的过错，并表示你很抱歉。)”提到了它的含义，选项C中this是关键词，所以C选项“这并不意味着你要承担所有的责任”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。【20题详析】上文“Iftheotherpersonrefusestorestarttalkingtoyou,there’snothingelseyoucando.(如果对方拒绝重新与你交谈，你就无能为力了。)”提到了无能为力，A选项“你已经尽力了。现在，就看他们的了。”与上文构成递进关系。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwas20,Istartedmyowncompany.Mydadwasvery___21___,andheboughtmea___22___.LittledidIknowthegifthehandedmewouldgivemeastrong___23___toachievemygoal.Atfirst,Ididn’tmakeanymoneyandIhadtosufferfrom___24___—eatingacan(罐)ofbakedbeansonceaday—andhadahardtimepayingrent.Baddayslikethislastedalmostamonth,andthenonedayIsawthebook___25___.Whatencouragedmewasthe___26___storiesofpeoplewithhugesuccess,___27___thatofJimCarrey,whoisoneofmyfavoriteactors.Jimgrewupina(n)___28___family,withafatherwhokeptalow-paidjob.Whenhewas15,he___29___outofschoolandworkedasadoorkeeper.Later,hestartedhis____30____career,whichwasnotverysmooth.Hewasbooedoffstage(噓下台)athisfirstappearanceatacomedyclubinToronto,____31____hedidn’tgiveup.Heexplainedinaninterviewthathe’dwrittenhimselfa____32____for$10,000,000aspaymentforactingservices.Hecarrieditwithhimfor7yearsuntilhecouldfinallycashitforhisperformanceinDumbandDumber.Nooneisbornasuccess.Peoplemakethemselvesintosuccessesbytheirown____33____.Insteadofseeingmycompanyasafailure,Istartedtoseeit____34____.Ipushed,____35____myself,andworkedharder.NowIamtheCEOofamulti-35nationalcorporation.21.A.supportive B.shocked C.unconcerned D.hesitant22.A.car B.book C.box D.bag23.A.need B.desire C.challenge D.promise24.A.disease B.ignorance C.hunger D.doubt25.A.bychance B.forsure C.ontime D.inadvance26.A.ridiculous B.extraordinary C.strange D.funny27.A.fairly B.partly C.especially D.normally28.A.adoptive B.large C.old D.poor29.A.rushed B.looked C.dropped D.ran30.A.musical B.performing C.sporting D.political31.A.thus B.otherwise C.meanwhile D.but32.A.letter B.plan C.note D.check33.A.efforts B.tests C.nature D.luck34.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently35.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.B31.D32.D33.A34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在20岁时开创了自己的公司，起初他遭遇了失败，挨饿，交不起房租。在消沉时，他阅读了父亲送给他的一本书，从书中获得了勇气，开启了他成功的人生。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸非常支持我，给我买了一本书。A.supportive支持的；B.shocked震惊的；C.unconcerned不关心的；D.hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“andheboughtmea”可知，作者的父亲非常支持他。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸非常支持我，给我买了一本书。A.car汽车；B.book书；C.box盒子；D.bag包。根据第二自然段“onedayIsawthebook”可知，作者父亲给他买的礼物是书。故选B。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他给我的礼物会让我产生实现目标的强烈愿望。A.need需要；B.desire愿望；C.challenge挑战；D.promise承诺。根据下文“toachievemygoal.”及全文可知，作者通过阅读书中成功人物的经历，自己深受鼓舞，作者真没想到父亲给的礼物会给他一种强烈的愿望去实现他的目标。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：开始，我一分钱也没挣，我不得不挨饿——每天吃一罐烤豆子——还很难付房租。A.disease疾病；B.ignorance无知；C.hunger饥饿；D.doubt怀疑。根据空后“eatingacanofbakedbeansonceaday”可知，作者每天都挨饿。故选C。【25题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这样糟糕的日子持续了将近一个月，然后有一天我偶然看到了这本书。A.bychance偶然；B.forsure肯定；C.ontime准时；D.inadvance提前。根据上文“thenonedayIsawthebook”可知，作者一天偶然看到了这本书。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：激励我的是那些取得巨大成功的人的非凡故事，尤其是吉姆·凯瑞，他是我最喜欢的演员之一。A.ridiculous荒谬的；B.extraordinary非凡的；C.strange奇怪的；D.funny滑稽的。根据句中“storiesofpeoplewithhuges