2022高考英语一轮复习Module4SandstormsinAsia学案必修3

Module4SandstormsinAsia一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．sandstormn． 沙尘暴2．inlandadj. 内地的；内陆的3．massadj. 大量的；大规模的4．campaignn. 战役；活动5．dunen. 沙丘6．maskn. 面罩(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．process_n.进程；过程2．forecast_vt.预报；预告3．citizenn.公民；市民4．recyclev.重新利用；再循环5．garbagen.废料；垃圾(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．coastn．海岸；海滨→coastal_adj.沿海的2．dustn．沙尘；灰尘→dustyadj.布满灰尘的3．cyclevi.骑自行车→cyclistn．骑自行车的人4．evidentadj.明显的→evidence_n．根据；证明5．plainvi.抱怨；发牢骚→plaintn．抱怨6．environmentn.环境→environmentaladj.环境的7．majoradj.主要的；多数的vi.主修→majorityn．大多数8．pollutevt.污染→pollutionn．污染→pollutantn．污染物9．protectvt.保护→protectionn．保护→protectiveadj.保护的；防护的10．chemistryn．化学→chemicaln.化学药品→chemistn．化学家，药剂师11．scarev．使害怕，吓跑→scaryadj.恐怖的；吓人的→scaredadj.害怕的12．urgevt.催促；极力主张→urgentadj.紧急的→urgency_n．紧急情况13．strongadj.强壮的；坚强的→strengthn．力量；力气→strengthenvt.加强14．frightn．害怕；恐惧→frightenvt.使害怕→frighteningadj.吓人的；可怕的→frightenedadj.害怕的15．absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的→absolutenessn．绝对；完全→absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地16．concernn．&vt.关心；担心；与……相关→concernedadj.关心的；担心的；有关的→concerningprep.关于；就……而言[语境活用]1．Thesetressneedyourprotection,_soyourprotective_measurescanprotectthemfrombeingdamaged.(protect)2．Knowingourstrengthisveryimportant.Butthemostimportantistostrengthenthetieswiththepeoplearoundus.(strength)3．ThehorrormoviefrightenedmetodeathwhenIthoughtaboutthefrighteningplot.Thatistosay,Iwasveryfrightened.(fright)4．Theteacherurged_thatthestudentsshouldbetaughthowtotakeurgentactioninurgency.(urgent)5．Ourparentsaremoreconcernedaboutourhealthandfuture.AsfarasI'mconcerned,_weshouldtalkwithourparentsandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．concernedadj.关心的；担心的；有关的背词条用法(1)as/sofaras...beconcerned就……而言beconcernedabout/for关心；挂念beconcernedwith/in...牵扯进/参与……(2)show/expressone'sconcernabout/for对……表示关心/担心背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)AsfarasI'mconcerned，wemustgetfullypreparedandpracticehardinordertoperformwellinthematch.我认为，为了在比赛中表现出色，我们必须充分准备，刻苦训练。②(2020·浙江高考写作)AndI'mwritingtoshowourgenuineconcernforyourhealth.我写信来表达我们对您健康的真诚的关心。③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.报告指出，许多父母仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心屏幕时间增加。2．urgentadj.紧急的；迫切的背词条用法urgesb.todo/intodoingsth.力劝/敦促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth.极力主张；强烈要求Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.坚决要求……背写作佳句①Ican'tgoshoppingwithyoubecausesomethingurgenthashappened.因为发生了紧急的事情，我不能和你一起去购物了。②Myambitiontobeadoctoralwaysurgedmetostudyveryhard.我想成为一名医生的志向总是激励我努力学习。③Heurgedthatmuchofthepovertybewipedout.他敦促消除大部分的贫困。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．take_in 吸收；欺骗；理解2．take_away 取走；拿走3．cut_down 砍倒；削减；缩小4．give_out_ 放出；发出5．put_..._into_... 把……放进……6．be_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)；被困住；遇到7．look_through 浏览；翻阅；快速查看8．as_a_result_of 由于……的原因/结果9．wake_up_to 醒来面对；意识到10．have_a_bad_effect_on 对……有坏影响11．one_after_another 一个接一个地12．in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．cutdown砍倒；削减；缩小背相关短语cutin打断(谈话)，超车cutup切碎；切开cutoff停止，中断(供给)；中断(通话等)cutbackon削减，减少背写作佳句①Besides,manytreesarebeingcutdown,makingmanyanimalslosetheirhomes.此外，许多树木被砍伐，使许多动物失去它们的家园。②IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheinternet.我宁愿关掉电视，也不愿关掉或切断网络。③Icalloneverystudenttodoourparttocutbackontheuseofplasticbags.我呼吁每个学生尽自己的一份力量来减少塑料袋的使用。2．takein吸收；收留；包括；理解；领会；欺骗背相关短语takeoff脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功takeon呈现；雇用；承担takeup拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)takecareof照顾，照料take...intoconsideration考虑……take...forexample以……为例背写作佳句①Hopefullyyouwilltakemysuggestionintoconsideration.希望你能考虑我的建议。②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)IadviseyoutolearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance,whichwillhelpyoubettertakeinthepoemstobelearned.我建议你提前了解唐代的历史，这会帮助你更好地理解你要学的诗歌。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．Theyareoftensothickthatyoucannotseethesun,andthewindissometimesstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)它们通常很浓厚，以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。佳句①(2019·天津高考)Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinionunlesshewantstheirsupport.汤姆如此独立，以至于他从来都不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到父母的支持。佳句②IamsosorrythatIwon'tbeabletoattendthelectureonAmericanhistorytomorrowafternoon.非常抱歉，明天下午我不能参加美国历史的讲座了。2．Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee.[“makeit＋adj./n.＋(forsb.)＋todo...”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语]暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。佳句①Weshouldmakeitadutytoprotectourenvironment.我们应该把保护环境作为一种责任。佳句②Thevolunteersclearedawaythesnowonthestreettomakeitsafeforpeopletowalkon.志愿者清除街道上的积雪，使人们在上面安全行走。佳句③Inaddition，everystudentcanbeinharmonywithforeignfriends,whichmakesiteasyforyoutogetalongwiththem.此外，每个学生都会与外国朋友和谐相处，这使你很容易与他们相处。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Manypeopleworrythatourenergywillrunoutquicklyifweuseitinanuncheckedway.许多人担心，如果不控制能源的使用的话，我们的能源将会很快被耗尽。2．Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbeingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitiesthathavecausedthisglobalwarming.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。3．Havingrealizedtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,thelocalfarmerstriedtheirbesttokeepthebalanceofnature.意识到保护环境的重要性后，当地的农民尽他们最大的努力来保持自然的平衡。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——感谢信(二)[题目要求]假定你是李华，今年春节去新西兰度假一周。你的朋友Luke招待了你。请给他写一封信，表示感谢，内容包括：1．你玩得很开心；2．谢谢他的招待；3．邀请他来中国旅游。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearLuke,I'mwritingtoconveymyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourkindhelpandtendercareduringmystayinNewZealand,withoutwhichIcouldn'thaveenjoyedmyselfsomuch.Duringtheweek,thefortableacmodation,deliciousmealsandyourfriendlyfamilymembersallmademefeelwarm,leavingmeeverlastingmemories.Furthermore,guidedbyyouIwashonoredtohavethechancetovisitplacesofinterestandbeexposedtoauniquecultureaswellasbeautifulscenery.Itwasyourgeneroushelpthatenabledmetohaveabetterunderstandingofyourcountry.ThanksagainforyourkindhelpandI'msincerelylookingforwardtoshowingyouaroundinChinainthenearfuture.Allthebestwishestoyou.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：conveyone'sheartfeltgratitudeto,everlasting,furthermore,behonoredto,beexposedto,showsb.around等。(2)准确运用复杂句式结构，如：非限制性定语从句withoutwhichIcouldn'thaveenjoyedmyselfsomuch；现在分词短语作状语leavingmeeverlastingmemories；过去分词短语作状语guidedbyyou；强调句型Itwasyourgeneroushelpthatenabled...等。这些高级表达为文章增色不少，也彰显了考生扎实的语言功底。2．学精彩结尾结尾先用Thanksagainfor...再次表示感谢，体现了感情的真挚，然后用I'msincerelylookingforwardtoshowing...诚恳地邀请朋友来中国旅游。最后表达了祝愿。3．防微点失分考生容易在“Duringtheweek,thefortableacmodation,...allmademefeelwarm...”中的feel前加上动词不定式符号to，或把“Furthermore,guidedbyyouIwashonored...beexposedtoauniquecultureaswellasbeautifulscenery.”中的a误用成an，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thekidswereallwearingmasks(面罩)．2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Theplumtreesarethefirsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化)．3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutely(绝对地)knowisadoor.4．Wecanmakeplansaheadaccordingtotheweatherforecast(预报)．5．Iholdtomybeliefthatdevelopmentshouldn'tbeatthecostoftheenvironment_(环境)．6．(2019·江苏高考)Toenjoytheconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizens(公民)startedtousesmartphones.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．Onethingtorememberisthatit'stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.过程2．InnorthernChinaduringspringbigsandstormsoftenmaketroubleforpeople.沙尘暴3．(2020·江苏高考)Therewillstillbelotsofchallengesifwearetoclassifygarbageinashorttime.垃圾4．Armedwiththisknowledge，they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.活动5．TheAtlantichas,inasense,replacedtheMediterraneanastheinlandseaofWesterncivilization.内陆的6．Desertificationisthegradualanddangerousdegradationofproductivelandintouselessdesert.沙漠化7．(熟词生义)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.优点8．(熟词生义)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.聚集Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookmasses(mass)ofpicturesofthem.2.Convenientasplasticbagsareforpeople,theywillcausewhitepollution(pollute)．3.Withnoonetoturntoinsuchafrightening(frighten)situation,shefeltveryhelpless.4．Qingdaoisamostbeautifulcoastal(coast)cityandIthinkI'llgothereforasecondtime.5．Onlywhenyouhaveobtainedenoughevidencecanyouetoasoundconclusion(conclude)．6．AsZhongNanshanputsit,asurgicalmaskisenoughifoneusesitfordailyprotection(protect)．名师点拨“一站清”(1)英语中以“­te”结尾的动词变成名词时，常去掉e，再加­ion。(2)名词后加“­en”后缀，可以变成动词，如frighten,strengthen,soften,broaden等。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．concerned[明其义]adj.关心的；担心的；有关的[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Theopinionconcerning(concern)thishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.②Housingproblemhasbeeoneofthebiggestconcerns(concern)forpeopleinbigcities.③Parentsshouldkeepintouchwiththeirchildrennowandthen,andbe_concerned(concern)abouttheirpsychologicaldemands.(2)翻译句子④就我而言，没有什么比健康更重要。As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_nothing_is_more_important_than_being_healthy.[解其困]concerned作形容词用作前置定语时，意为“关心的；担忧的”，如：aconcernedlook“关切的神色”；作后置定语时，意为“有关的；相关的”，如：theauthoritiesconcerned“有关当局”。2．urgent[明其义]adj.紧急的；迫切的[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Onlywhenweareawareoftheurgency(urgent)ofdoingbesttodaycanweboostabettertomorrow.②Aspartofdomesticmodernization,publictransportationneedstobedevelopedurgently_(urgent)inChina.③Ireallyhopethesuggestionsfromyourreaderscanbehelpfulinsolvingtheurgent(urgency)problem.(2)补全句子④Tobeginwith,it_is_urgent_to_createnaturereserves.首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。⑤ThePresidenturged_that_all_Party_members_unitetostriveforprehensivelybuildingawell­offsociety.主席敦促全体党员团结起来，为全面建成小康社会而奋斗。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空takein，takeaway，cutdown，giveout，becaughtin，lookthrough，asaresultof，haveabadeffecton1.Isawamangiving_out_handbillsinthestreetthismorning.2．Evenwhentherosesweretaken_away,_thesmelllingeredonintheroom.3.Eventhoughtheputergameshad_a_bad_effect_onhim,hestillwenthisownway.4．MytimewaslimitedandIjustlooked_throughmynotesbeforetheexamination.5.Toourdisappointment,wewerelatefortheWorldCupFinalaswewere_caught_inthetrafficjam.6．Therainforestisbeingcut_downathighspeedsanditmaydisappearfromtheearthoneday.7．IwantedtohaveagoodrestbecauserecentlyIoftenfelttiredas_a_result_ofmyheavystudyburden.8.It'ssaidthatnon­smokerswhotake_intheairpollutedbytobaccosmokesuffermorethanthesmokersthemselves.名师点拨“一站清”(1)giveout除了“分发，发出”，还有“用完”之意。(2)havea...effecton相当于havea...influenceon,意为“对……有……的影响”。(3)becaughtin意为“遭遇，陷入”，而不是“被抓住”的意思。(4)takein有“吸收，领会，欺骗，改小”等多种意思，注意其在不同的语境中的运用。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．giveoutVSgiveoffVSgiveaway比较①Thewildflowersgive_off/out_anicesmell.②Hegave_awaythesecretthroughcarelessness.③Theteachergave_outtheexaminationpapers.辨清(1)在表示“发出”光、热、声音、气味等，giveout与giveoff常可换用。但giveout还有“分发，用完，垮掉，失灵，公布”等意思。(2)giveaway主要表示“赠送，泄露，颁发”等意思，在表示“颁发”时，可与giveout换用。2．lookthroughVSlookover比较①Wemustlook_over_thehousebeforewedecidetorentit.②Scottandhiswifeusuallylook_throughmorningnewspapersbeforebreakfast.辨清lookthrough可以指“粗略快速地看，浏览”，也可以指“彻底仔细地检查(多用looksth.through结构)”，此时，可与lookover“仔细地看，检查”换用。但lookthrough还可以指“看穿，识破”。Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义(写出下列各句中takein的含义)①Hemanagedtorentabigenoughhousetotakeinsomehomelesspeople.收留②Whilereadingpopularsciencebooks，wecantakeinmorebasicknowledge.吸收③TheUnitedKingdomtakesinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.包括④Lackingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstendtobetakeninbycheaters.欺骗⑤Beforeyoutranslateasentence,youshouldfirsttakeinthemeaningofthewords.理解[句式的验收盘点]so...that...引导结果状语从句[通其用]1．句式升级(用so...that...升级)①KeepingalearningdiaryeverydayisimportantandIwouldliketointroduceittoyou.→Keepingalearningdiaryeveryday_is_so_important_that_Iwouldliketointroduceittoyou.2．句式转换(用such...that...转换)②Dalianissoattractivethatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.→Dalianissuch_an_attractive_place_thatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.3．一句多译他进步很快，老师们对他感到很满意。③He_has_made_great_progress_and_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(简单句)④The_progress_he_has_made_is_so_great_that_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(so...that...)⑤He_has_made_such_great_progress_that_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(such...that...)⑥So_great_has_the_progress_been_made_by_him_that_the_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(so位于句首的倒装句)⑦Such_great_progress_has_he_made_that_the_teachers_are_pleased_with_him.(such位于句首的倒装句)[解其困](1)so＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.＋that...,adj.＋an＋可数名词单数＋that...,many/few＋可数名词复数＋that...,much/little少的＋不可数名词＋that...))(2)such＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj.＋不可数名词＋that...,adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...,an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...))(3)当so＋形容词/副词及such...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2019浙江6月高考·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：人与环境、人与动植物(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素)．[2]Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawasspared①orunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.[3]Manyfactorscontributedto②thedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargeted③bigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatpetewithbigtreesforresources(资源)．[4]Buteq\o(inparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanother,\s\do4(1))onebetween2001and2010,McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.[5]Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithaputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettinginparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪)．[6]Sincethe1930s,McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingup④waterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.［析微点·厚积语言基础］①微积累——熟词生义：spareadj.空闲的；闲置的；备用的v．留出；拔出；省出(熟义)v．幸免；使逃脱(生义)②通多义——contributeto促进；有助于；撰稿；捐献③微点拨——名词动用：targetn．目标；指标v.把……作为攻击目标通句式——句子(1)中“inparing...2010”为介词短语作状语，that引导定语从句修饰先行词“awidespreaddeathofbigtrees”。④微积累——drive短语driveup抬高，使上升drivedown压低；使下跌driveaway驱车离开；赶跑[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]27．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theseriousnessofbig­treelossinCalifornia.B．TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.C．ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.D．TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Thenumberoftrees...declinedby50percent...morethan55percent...75percent.”提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加利福尼亚州森林中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A。28．Whichofthefollowingiswell­intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?A．Ecologicalstudiesofforests.B．Banningwoodcutting.C．Limitinghousingdevelopment.D．Firecontrolmeasures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aggressivewildfirecontrol..petewithbigtreesforresources(资源)．”可知，声势浩大的野外火灾控制措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树竞争资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D。29．WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMcIntyre?A．Inadequatesnowmelt. B．Alongerdryseason.C．Awarmerclimate. D．Dampnessoftheair.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures”可知，McIntyre认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C。30．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．California'sForests:WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?B．CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoonC．WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?D．PatrickMcIntyre:GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia解析：选A标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大树数量急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第30题主要考查学生的概括性思维。如果只看到砍伐树木，那就只看到了局部信息，而掉入命题人故意设置的陷阱，误选B项。应结合第一段的主题句以及整篇文章的综合叙述，加以概括可知，文章第一段就点出主题，后面各段具体分析了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大树数量急剧减少的现象以及原因，故选A。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象及其原因，旨在引导学生了解社会发展不能违背自然规律。自然和人类社会的关系就恰如水与舟的关系，二者关系处理的好坏直接关系到整个人类社会的可持续发展。选文切合现实，对于提高人们的环保意识具有促进作用。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Themoneyisintendedforthedevelopment(develop)ofthetouristindustry.2．Hepeeredslowlyaroundthesmallcrowded(crowd)room.3．Thepanysuffered(suffer)hugelossesinthelastfinancialyear.4．Toavoiddampness(damp)，weshouldairtheroomregularly.5．Thesetreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage(short)．Ⅱ.补全句子1．Ibelievethateachofuscancontribute_to(做贡献)thefutureoftheworld.2．In_parison_with/pared_with(与……相比)thepreviousstudy,thenewstudyexpandedresearchsubjects.3．Theriseofwagesdrove_up(抬高)thecostsofproduction,leadingtohigherprices.Ⅲ.分析长难句1．Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithaputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettinginparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪)．[句式解构]本句是一个含有一个定语从句和两个宾语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是Theresearchers，谓语动词是figuredout。其中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“aputermodel”，在此从句中，第一个howmuch引导的从句作calculate的宾语；第二个howmuch引导的从句作inparisonwith的宾语。现在分词短语“takingintoaccount...”作伴随状语。[句意翻译]研究人员利用计算机模型计算出树木用水的压力，该模型计算出了树木获得的水量与它们所需的水量进行比较，并将降雨量、气温、土壤湿度和融雪时间等因素考虑在内。2．Sincethe1930s,McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.[句式解构]本句是一个含有两个定语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperaturesandearliersnowmelt，主句的主语是thebiggestfactors，谓语动词是havebeenrising。其中drivingupwaterstressinthestate为现在分词短语作定语修饰thebiggestfactors；第一个which引导的定语从句修饰先行词rising_temperatures；第二个which引导的定语从句修饰先行词earlier_snowmelt。[句意翻译]McIntyre说，自20世纪30年代以来，导致该州水资源紧张的最大因素是气温升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及过早的融雪减少了树木在旱季的水资源供应。Ⅳ.主题语境写作假定你是李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请以“ActionsforaGreenerEarth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：地球日EarthDayActionsforaGreenerEarth参考范文：ActionsforaGreenerEarthAweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool，callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.Webroughttoourclassroomworn­outclothes,piecesofcardboardandemptyplasticbottles，andturnedthoseintodolls，handbagsandsmallvases.Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.Allwereveryhappywiththoseunexpectedgifts,especiallylittlekidsandelderlypeople.Wedidsowellthatwewereinvitedtoshareourideasandexperiencewithallthestudentsofourschool.Weareveryproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.课下主题训练人与环境、人与动植物Ⅰ.阅读理解AMostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeignland,aChineseofficialinchargeofdesertification(荒漠化)controlsaidonMonday.Andtheinvasions(入侵)couldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountryinrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.Sincethestartoflastspring,thenorthandnorthwesternChineseregionshadbeenhitby17sandstorms,ofwhich,adozencamefromforeignland.Situatedinthecentral­Asiasandstormregion,oneoftheworld'sfourlargestsandstormsources,ChinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromoutsidethecountrywhilebeingblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.TheotherthreemajorsourcesareinAfrica,NorthAmericaandAustralia.Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7,585squarekilometresannuallyinChina,andtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby1,284squarekilometresayear.Theshrinkage(收缩)formsaclearcontrasttothefactthatthelandsufferingfromdesertificationandsandyfeaturewasaddedby10,400squarekilometresand3,436squarekilometreslatelastcentury,respectively.Currently,thedesertificationlandinChinamakesup2.64millionsquarekilometres,accountingfor27.46percentofthenation'sland,anditssandylandtotals1.74millionsquarekilometres,accountingfor18.1percentofthecountry'stotal.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击，而中国也被认为是风沙的来源之一，经过一番努力中国在治沙方面取得了显著的成效。)1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreasing”meaninParagraph4?A．Goingdown. B．Goingup.C．ingfrom. D．Takingup.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“hasalsobeenfallingby1,284squarekilometresayear”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，故选A项。2．WheredomostofthesandstormsinChinaefrom?A．ThenorthwesternChineseregions.B．ThenorthernChineseregions.C．ThewesternpartofChina.D．Foreigncountries.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，去年袭击中国的沙尘暴大部分来自外国，故选D项。3．WhichofthefollowingisbelievedtobethesandsourcetonortheastAsia?A．Mongolia. B．Africa.C．China. D．Australia.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Chinaalsosuffersfromsandstorms...sandsourcetonortheastAsia”可知，中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。4．Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．ThelandinChinasufferingfromdesertificationhasbeenincreasinggreatly.B．Chinahasmadeachievementsinitsowndesertificationcontrol.C．ThedesertificationlandmakesupnearlyhalfofChina'sterritory.D．LittleprogresshasbeenmadeincontrollingdesertificationinChina.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段可知，遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7585平方千米，由此沙地的区域每年减少1284平方千米，由此可推知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。B(2021·六安高三检测)Severalyearsagoclimatechangewasacontroversialsubjectwithmanypeopleinsistingitdidn'texist.Today,fewpeopledoubtthattheclimateischanginginunfortableanddangerousways.Forme,livingonanislandoffthewestcoastofCanada,climatechangedidn'tdirectlyaffectme.Thatchangedthissummer.TherearealwaysafewwildfiresintheforestsofCanadainsummerbutthisyearhasbeenexceptionallybadaswe'vehad,forpracticalpurposes,norainatall.Thenthefiresstartedandmanyfamilieshavelosttheirhomestotheflames.InearlyAugustwewokeuponedaytoaheavysmokefromthemainland.Itwasdarkforseveraldays.BySeptember,againthesunhasbeenblockedbysmoke,thistimefromWashingtonandOregonintheUnitedStates.Thesmokehascoveredusforaboutaweek.Inthemorethantwentyyearswe'veneverbeforehadthishappen.Nowwe'vebeenblanketedbysmoketwiceinonesummer.Thechangeinourclimateisclearanditdoesn'tbode(预兆)well.Alreadyourseasidetownisputtingregulationsinplaceandmakingplanstodealwithariseinsealevel.However,ifthesealevelesupmorethanafewmeterswecouldhavebigproblems.Idon'tpretendtounderstandallthecausesofclimatechangeorthebestwaysoffixingitif,indeed,itcanbefixed.Itis,however,beingincreasinglynoticeable.LastnightweweresupposedtobeabletoseetheNorthernLightsbutthesmokepreventedthat.Butthere'ssomegoodnews.Ihavejustnoticedthatforthefirsttimeinmonthsitisraining.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述自身经历，阐述了气候变化越来越严重，已经影响到了人们的生活和家园。5．Whendidtheauthorbegintobeaffectedbyclimatechange？A.Afterthesmokydays. B．InAugustthissummer.C．Onarrivingattheisland. D．Whenthefirstfirebrokeout.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“InearlyAugust...aweek.”可知，今年夏天的八月，作者开始被气候变化所影响。故选B。6．Whatdidtheseasidetowndowithclimatechange?A．Itfoundthecauses. B．Itsolvedtheproblems.