2025届山西省大同一中等高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷含解析2

2025届山西省大同一中等高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Therearen’tanytoysinoursuitcase．Wherehaveyouputthem?—Oh,no．Thatoldladysittingnexttous______havetakenoursbymistake.A．must B．could C．should D．would2．Inacompetitivemarketplace,findingthekeyfactorthat________yourbusinessfromothersishighlyvaluable.A．defends B．distinguishesC．prohibits D．selects3．He______itonschedule,butsomehowhefellbehind.A．musthavedone B．mightfinishC．couldhavefinished D．couldfinish4．Uptillnow,therehasbeennoscientificevidenceabout________causedthedeathofdinosaurs.A．whatisitthat B．whatitwasthat C．itwaswhat D．whatisit5．Hisadvicemademehappy,but____othersangry.A．making B．tomake C．/ D．make6．Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadbroughtinthevillage____thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.A．where B．when C．that D．which7．I'msorryyou______solong,butit'llstillbesometimebeforeJimgetsback．A．wait B．waited C．hadwaited D．havebeenwaiting8．—Iwanttolearntennis.Wouldyouliketohelpme?—.Butlearningtennisisnowalkinthepark.A．NokiddingB．NowonderC．NoproblemD．Noway9．Hissuggestion_______toseethefilmAvatarinterestedeveryoneofus.A．thatwego B．whichweshouldgo C．thatwewouldgo D．weshouldgo10．Mr.Wilsonisamanofpatienceandkindness,andhisgoodtempernever______him.A．fails B．disappointsC．controls D．worries11．Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthe________toachieveit.A．acquisitionB．comprehensionC．determinationD．satisfaction12．Amotherrecognizesthefeelofherchild’sskinwhenblindfolded._________,shecaninstantlyidentifyherbaby’scry.A．SimilarlyB．MeanwhileC．NeverthelessD．Accordingly13．Alice’sfatheralwaysbringsheranicegift________hereturnshomefromhisbusinesstrip.A．bythetime B．allthetimeC．everytime D．inthetime14．—Jenny,howwasyourtriptoBeijing?—Oh,Imissedit.IwishI________myvacationthere.A．amspendingB．willspendC．havespentD．hadspent15．The90’speopleseemtohaveenjoyedthegreatbenefits________aboutbythegreatlevelofculturalandeconomicdevelopment.A．broughtB．bringingC．tobebroughtD．havingbrought16．PleasewearyourbestclothesonMonday,asyourclassphotos______then.A．willtakeB．willbetakenC．havetakenD．havebeentaken17．Mywifesometimes_____somethingshehaslongbeenlookingfor.That’swhysheenjoyswindowshopping.A．looksup B．looksfor C．picksup D．picksout18．Thenewsshockedthepublic，______togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.A．havingled B．ledC．leading D．tolead19．Ifyouhaveajob,______yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.A．dodevote B．todevoteC．devoting D．devoted20．—Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Wehavehalfanhouruntilthebasketballgame.—_____.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.A.It’suptoyou B．GladtohearthatC．Youcan’tmissit D．Itjustdepends第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）IstartedmyjourneyattheCadillacHouse,droveoutofthecityandgotonthe1-95towardWashington,D．C．.It’saboutafour-hourdrive.AssoonasIjumpedonthehighway,Ispeduptoabout70milesperhourandenteredstandardcruisecontrol.Asmallindicatorontheinstrumentpanel(仪表盘)showedthecarwasreadytoengageself-drivingmode.Ipushedabuttononthesteeringwheeltobegin,initiatingSuperCruisemode.AgreenlightbaratthetopofmysteeringwheelshowedthatSuperCruisewason.Therewerenoshake,nosuddenspeedchangesoranythinglikethat.Thecarremainedperfectlysteady.Itusesacombinationofcameras,radarsensors,andGPStofindthecenterofthelane.Thecarfounditlikeatrainonatrack.IhadtoadmitthatIwaslittleworriedaboutlettingthecartakeoveratfirst.Ikeptmyhandsnearthewheelandmyeyeslockedontheroad.Afterabouttenminutes,Ifinallystartedtotrustthecar’sjudgment.Itsoonbecameclearthatitcouldeasilydriveitselfinlighttraffic,brakingwhennecessaryandkeepingasteadyspeed.Thenwehitabottleneck.TherewasastandstilltrafficoutsideofBaltimore,andthingscouldhaveeasilygonewrong,butthisiswhereSuperCruisereallyshined.Thevehiclecametoacompletestoptoavoidcrashingintotraffic,thenspedupwhencarsstartedmovingagain.Itwasimpressiveaswell,andsomethingthatsetsthe2018CadillacCT6apartfromallcompetitors.IeventuallyturnedoffthehighwayandheadedintoWashingtonD．C．.ToturnSuperCruiseof,Isimplyhitthebuttononthesteeringwheelagain.Thegreenlightatthetopofthewheelturnedoff,andItookcontrolofthecar.TheCT6hadnoproblembringingmefromNewYorktoWashington,D．C,inSuperCruisemodepracticallyallbyitself.ItmakesmehopefulforafuturewhereI’llneverneedtotouchasteeringwheelagain.1、652．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Areportcomparingdifferentcars’performance.B．Adescriptionofanadventurousjourney.C．Anadvertisementofanewtypeofcar.D．Anaccountofaself-drivingexperience.2、654．Theunderlinedword“initiating”inparagraph2canbereplacedby________.A．takinginB．turningonC．makingoutD．comingoff3、656．Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheself-drivingmodeatthebeginningofthejourney?A．Doubtful.B．Exciting.C．Boring.D．Reliable.4、658．Whatisthecompetitiveadvantageofthewriter’scarcomparedtosimilarones?A．Thereisnoneedtotouchthesteeringwheelalltheway.B．Thebuilt-infacilitieshelpthecarremainsteady.C．Thecarcanadjustitsspeedaccordingtotrafficconditions.D．TheoperationoftheSuperCruisemodeisquitesimple.22．（8分）Alovingfatherlostmuchweightafterbeingshamedintodietingwhenhebecamesofatthathecouldn'tplaywithhisyoungdaughter.ChrisWillis,47,tippedthescalesat172kgfollowingalifetimeoffattyfoods.Thedadcutoutallthefattyfoodshehadenjoyed,andbeganexercising.Henowweighs105kgafterlosing10kgeverymonthsinceJuly.Chrishadtotakelongpausesjusttoclimbthestairsorwalkmorethanafewyards,saying,"ThehardestthingwasseeingmylittlegirlinthegardenandnotbeingabletojoininbecauseIwassounhealthy.ButnowIammakingupforthelosttime-wedosomuchtogetheranditisjustgreat."Beforeswitchingtoahealthylifestyle,ChriswouldeatfiveslicesofbreadforbreakfastasamidmorningmealbeforeafullEnglishbreakfast.Hewouldtheneatasandwich,alargepackofcrispsandapastyforlunchbeforechewingawholepacketofbiscuitsintheafternoon.FordinnerChriswoulddemolishacurry,andicecream,andalsofourpintsofbeerbeforefeedingonfattysnacksallevening.Chrissaid,"At13,Iwas118kgandIrememberateacherpointingthisouttothewholeschool.FromthenonIwaspickedonandbullied(欺负).Myweightwentupandup.ButInowhaveanew-foundfreedom.Myfamilyandfriendshavebeensosupportiveandmywifeanddaughteraresopleasedforme.Infactit'sthemthatIdiditformorethananyoneelse.ThewholejourneyhasbeenamazingandIamstillshockedmyselfthatIhavemanagedtolosesomuchweight."Chrisisnowaimingforanewtargetweightof96kg.1、WhatwasthemainreasonforChrislosingweight?A．Hewasbulliedbyothers.B．Heweighedasmuchas172kg.C．Hewantedtoswitchtoahealthylifestyle.D．Hewastoounhealthytoplaywithhisdaughter.2、HowlongdoyouthinkChrishasbeendieting?A．Manyyears.B．About6months.C．Aboutoneyear.D．Sincehewas13.3、WhatdoestheunderlinedworddemolishinParagraph3probablymean?A．drinkB．absorbC．consumeD．destroy4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Poweroffather'sLoveB．HarmofFattyFoodsC．ImportanceofHealthD．BenefitofExercise23．（8分）Whatwereyoulikeasateenager?Iwasanightmare.Iwasrudetomyparents,alwaysstayedoutlate,neverdidmyhomework,hungoutwiththewrongpeopleandmadelotsofbaddecisions.Apparently,thisistheagewhenteenagersareoutofcontrolandbehavebadly.Maybe，ifyou’reateenagernow,youthinkthisisunfaircriticismorit’snotyourfault.Well,youmightberight!Expertshavefoundthatit’sateenager’sbrainthatistoblame.Betweentheagesofapproximately13to19—aperiodknownasadolescence—thebrainisstilldevelopinginareasthatcontrolbehavior.Thishasaninfluenceonlearningandmultitasking(同时做多件事情),stressandmemory,sleep,addiction,anddecision-making.Forparents,theseconsequencesoftenmanifestthemselvesinavarietyofbehaviorsthattheymayhavepreviouslyblamedonhormonesorjustmoodiness(喜怒无常).Thisisquiteanewdiscovery,accordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,who,speakingontheBBCradioprogramTheLifeScientific,says,“whenIwasatuniversity,thedogma(教条)inthetextbookswasthatthevastmajorityofbraindevelopmentgoesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuchchangesaftermid-childhood.Thatdogmaiscompletelyfalse.”AccordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,students’notbeingabletogettheirhomeworkdoneontimehassomethingtodowithourprefrontalcortex—that’sthepartofourbrainrightatthefront,justbehindtheforehead.Shesays,“it’sinvolvedinawholerangeofveryhigh-levelcognitive(认知的)taskssuchasdecisionmakingandplanning—weknowthatthisregionisundergoingverylargeamountsofdevelopmentduringtheadolescentyears.”Thisisthepartofthebrain,mainlyinvolvedinplanning,and,forateenager,thishasn’tdevelopedyet.Sogettingorganizedtodotheirhomework,forexample,cancomeasabitofachallenge.IwishI’dknownaboutthisbecauseinsteadoftellingmyteacherI’dleftmyhomeworkonthebusorthatthedoghadeatenit.NowIcouldsay,“Sorrysir,mybrainisn’tdevelopedenoughforthecognitivetaskofplanningmyhomework.”1、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thegrowingpainsofteenagers.B．Thedogmainthetexthookswasfalse.C．Anewdiscoveryabouttheteenager’sbrain.D．Thestudents’newchallengeofdoingtheirhomework.2、Accordingtotheauthor,whyisitabitofchallengeforstudentstodotheirhomework?A．Thestudentsaremoody.B．Hormonesaretoblame.C．Thereistoomuchhomework.D．Thebrainsofthestudentshaven’tbeendeveloped.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmanifestmean?A．Develop. B．Show.C．Abandon. D．Experience.4、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．Thevastmajorityofbraindoesn’tdevelopaftermid-childhood.B．Allofthestudentsarenightmaresforparentsduringadolescence.C．Prefrontalcortexisundergoinglargeamountsofdevelopmentduringchildhood.D．Theprefrontalcortexhassomethingtodowithmanyhigh-levelcognitivetasks.24．（8分）DrivethroughanysuburbintheU.S.Today,andit’shardtomisstherecyclingbinsthathavebecomecompanionstoAmerica’strashcans.Recyclinghasbecomecommon,aspeoplerecognizetheneedtocarefortheenvironment.Yetmostpeople’srecyclingconsciousnessextendsonlyasfaraspaper,bottles,andcans.Peopleseldomfindthemselvesfacingthegrowingproblemofe-waste.E-wasterapidlyincreasesasthetechno-fashionablefrequentlyupgradetothemostadvanceddevices,andthemajorityofthemendupinlandfills(垃圾填埋地).Somepeoplewhotracksuchwastesaythatusersthrowawaynearly2milliontonsofTVs,VCRs,computers,cellphones,andotherelectronicseveryyear.Unlesswecanfindasafereplacement,thise-wastemaygetintothegroundandpoisonthewaterwithdangeroustoxins(毒素),suchaslead,mercury,andarsenic.Burningthewastealsodangerouslycontaminatestheair.However,e-wasteoftencontainsreusablesilver,gold,andotherelectricalmaterials.Recyclingthesematerialsreducesenvironmentalproblemsbyreducingbothlandfillwasteandtheneedtolookforsuchmetals,whichcandestroyecosystems.Agrowingnumberofstateshaveadoptedlawstobandumpinge-waste.Still,lessthanaquarterofthiswastewillreachlawfulrecyclingprograms.Somecompaniesadvertisingsafedisposalinfactmerelyshipthewastetosomedevelopingcountries,whereitstillendsupinlandfills.Theseorganizationspreventprogressbyunsafelydisposingofwasteinanout-of-sight,out-of-mindlocation.However,thesmallbutgrowingnumberofcitiesandcorporationsthatdohandlee-wasteresponsiblyrepresentsprogresstowardmakingtheworldacleaner,betterplaceforusall.1、Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A．ManyAmericansnowhaveaccesstorecyclingbins.B．E-wastecannotbeputintotrashcansintheU.S.C．MostAmericanshaverealizedthedangersofe-waste.D．MostofAmerica’strashcansaremadeofrecycledmaterial.2、Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“contaminates”inParagraph2?A．pollutes.B．heats.C．absorbs.D．reduces.3、Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutburyinge-wasteinlandfills?A．It’simportant.B．It’sunsafe.C．It’sacceptable.D．It’suncommon.4、What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthistext?A．Totellushowtorecyclee-waste.B．Totalkaboutthefutureofe-waste.C．Todiscussifit’snecessarytorecyclee-waste.D．Toencourageustodealwithe-wasteproperly.25．（10分）Chinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene，ZhongZhongandHuaHua，usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep.Thesemonkeysarenotactuallythefirstprimates（灵长目动物）tobecloned.AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelate1990sbyembryosplitting（分裂），thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakeclones.Bycontrast，ZhongZhongandHuaHuawereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcellnucleus（细胞核）withDNAfromadifferentbodycell.ThisDollymethod，knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer（SCNT），cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA．Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques.Theseincludedanewtypeofmicroscopetobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellreprogramming，whichhadn'tbeentriedbeforeonprimates.Still，theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeyswerebornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisledtomanyresearchers'pouringwaterontheideathattheteam'sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt,itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizedthatthisisnottheirgoal.Thereisnownobarriertocloningprimatespecies,thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelytoproducenon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughasanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddiseases.1、WhatdoweknowaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT?A．Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates.B．ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA．C．Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcells.D．Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.2、Whatdoestheauthormeanby“pouringwaterontheidea”inParagraph2?A．Keepingahottopicofit.B．Havingalowopinionofit.C．Attachingnoimportancetoit.D．Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.3、Whatisthescientists'purposeofcloningthesemonkeys?A．Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.B．Toserveasasteppingstonetonewtechniques.C．Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.D．Toraisemoneyforstudyinghumanbiology.4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage？A．Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.B．Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.C．Societywon'tagreetocloneanothermonkey.D．Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeyisnothigh.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Acoupleofweeksago,whenwewereleavingoneofthosehorriblegianttrampolinebouncy(弹跳床)places,my11－year－olddaughtersaidtome,“Idon'tthinkI'mveryathletic,youknow,likeRocket(herbrother).Heseemstobereallygoodat1.”Whatcameoutmymouth2me:“No,you'rekindofnot.”Okay,letme3.Asyoumayhaveguessed,thischildhasbeenwithmeforabout11years,soI'vehadenoughtimeto4herengaginginphysicalacts:jumping,climbing,running,andorganizedsports.Andthekidisjust5me:twoleftfeet.IfanybodywaseverNOTa“natural”6，thatpersonisme.Buteven7thesefacts,myfirstinstinct(本能反应)wastoshowherwithsome8：“Oh,nohoney.You'regoodatsports!Youjusthavetokeep9！”ButIdecidedtotellherthe10，andIcouldseeithurtabit.SoIsaidmore:“Ava,weallhavethingsweareparticularly,11goodat.Likeyouand12.You'reinthe5thgradeandreadCharlesDickens.Thatisn't13，butyou'vedoneitwithouteventrying.Butallofusalsohavethingsthatweare14in.Ifwewantogetgoodatthosethings,wehavetoputintwicethe15ofthepeoplearoundustogettoadecent(相当的)pointandevenharderifwewantto16.”Shewasnodding.Shetotally17it.Why?Becauseit'sthetruth.SometimesIwonderwhywerunaroundtalkingnonsense(胡扯)toourkidswhentheycan18thetruth.Andtheycansmellrubbishfromamileaway.Inotherwords,theycaneasilyrecognizeyouare19.Inaddition,iftheydon'tknowwherethey20now,they'llneverknowhowtogetsomewherenew.1、A．artsB．readingC．organizationD．sports2、A．surprisedB．puzzledC．amusedD．worried3、A．getupB．giveupC．comeupD．backup4、A．keepB．leaveC．observeD．prevent5、A．forB．likeC．withD．against6、A．coachB．judgeC．captainD．athlete7、A．knowingB．ignoringC．checkingD．minding8、A．informationB．factsC．rubbishD．beliefs9、A．tryingB．waitingC．lookingD．smiling10、A．ideaB．truthC．newsD．failure11、A．probablyB．naturallyC．unexpectedlyD．gradually12、A．listeningB．speakingC．readingD．writing13、A．normalB．importantC．specialD．useful14、A．poorB．differentC．experiencedD．interested15、A．moneyB．courageC．effortD．confidence16、A．getbyB．liveonC．catchupD．standout17、A．gotB．forgotC．deservedD．did18、A．hideB．avoidC．learnD．handle19、A．jokingB．lyingC．strugglingD．regretting20、A．fallB．liveC．stopD．stand第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IfirstmetSteveJobsyearsagoatayardpoolparty.Iwas1．excitedandembarrassedbythechancetomeethiminpersonthatIcouldhardlywhispermynamewhenwe2．(introduce).Iwatchedasheswaminthepoolwithhisson,likearegularguy,agooddad3．(have)funwithhiskids.ThesecondtimeImethimwaswhenourchildrenstartedgoingtoschooltogether.Hewassittingintheclassroomwhile4．restofuswerepretendingthathavingSteveJobsintheroomwas5．(total)normal.ItwasoneHalloweenwhenIrealizedheactuallyknewmyname,6．mademealittlesurprised.7．(dress)likeamonster,hewasdecoratingascaryhousewithhiswife.AsIwalkedbywithmyson,Stevesmiledandsaid,“Hi,Lisen”MysonthoughtIwasthecoolestmomintownwhenherealizedSteveJobsknewme.8．thenon,whenIsawhimholdinghismeetingsinour9．（neighbor）,Ididn’thesitatetosmileand10．(say)hi.Stevealwaysreturnedthegreeting,provingthatwhilehemayhavebeenagenius,hewasalsoagoodneighbor.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearAndrew,I'dliketoinviteyoutothecomingChristmasparty,whatwilltakeplaceonthesecondfloorofthedininghallasexpect.ItisthecelebrationfortheChristmasEve.Youarewelcometomaketheshortspeech.Afterthatwe'llhavesomefunstogether,singing,dancingandplayinggames.Thenwe'llenjoyacandlelightdinner,tastedavarietyofdeliciousfood.Eventually,membersoftheEnglishclubwillexchangegifts.I'msureitwillbeawarmlyget-together.I'dappreciateifyoucouldcomeandjoinus.Thepartywillstartat6pmandlastsaboutthreehours.We'dliketomeetyouattheschoo