天津中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编-学生版-专题04 阅读理解B篇（说明文为主）

天津中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编-学生版——专题04阅读理解B篇（说明文为主）年份考题内容（2020-2024）命题趋势2024年本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。主题范围：涵盖了科技、文化、环保、自然科学、社会现象等多个领域，主题丰富多样，具有一定的时代性和科学性。文章长度：一般在300-500词之间，篇幅适中。词汇难度：会出现一些学科术语和较复杂的词汇，但通常会在上下文中提供一定的解释或线索，帮助考生理解。细节理解题：占据较大比例，考查考生对文章具体内容和数据的准确把握。主旨大意题：要求考生概括文章的主要内容和核心观点。推理判断题：基于文章提供的信息进行合理的推断和猜测。篇章结构题：考查对文章整体结构和段落关系的理解。2023年本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D。2022年本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。2021年主要叙述了丽莎在盛夏的白天去公园看云的景象。2020年文章主要讲述植物的用处。人们离不开植物，植物提供食物、布料、住处甚至是呼吸的空气。（2024·天津·中考真题）Salthasalwaysbeenimportanttopeople.Inthepast,itwasasvaluableasgold.Overtheyears,peoplediscovereddifferentwaystogetsalt.Someearlypeoplegotsaltfromrocks.Inotherplaces,peoplegotsaltfromthesea.Theytookseawaterandputitinthesun.Afteralongtime,thewaterdriedup(耗尽).Thenpeoplecouldgetsalt.Today,peoplestillgetsaltfromthesea.Butmostsaltcomesfromsaltmines(矿)andsaltwells(井).Howdopeoplegetsaltfromsaltmines?Theydigdeepintothegroundforit.Togetsaltfromsaltwells,peopleputtwopipes(管子)intotheground.Waterissentdownthroughoneofthepipes.Andthewaterismixedwiththesaltinsaltwells.Itmakessaltwater.Thenthesaltwaterispushedupthroughtheotherpipe.Later,thesaltistakenoutofthesaltwater.Peopleonceworkedhardtofindandmakesalt.Now,peoplecanbuyitatanyfoodstore.1．Someearlypeoplegotsaltfrom________.A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks2．Whydidpeopleputseawaterinthesun?A．Togetsalt. B．Tocatchfish.C．Towashclothes. D．Towatercrops.3．Howdopeoplegetsaltfromsaltmines?A．Bymixingsandwithgold. B．Bydiggingdeepintotheground.C．Byputtingoilonrocks. D．Bythrowingstonesintothesea.4．Whatistherightorderofgettingsaltfromsaltwells?a.Thesaltistakenoutofthesaltwater.b.Waterissentdownthroughoneofthepipes.c.Thesaltwaterispushedupthroughtheotherpipe.A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c5．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．whodiscoveredsalt B．whenwemadesaltC．wheresaltcomesfrom D．howmuchsaltweneed（2023·天津·中考真题）About80%ofpeopledonotgetenoughvitamin(维生素)Deveryday.Butthisvitaminisveryimportantforyourhealth.VitaminDisreallyimportantforourbones(骨骼).Whenweareyoung,vitaminDbuildsupourbonesandmakesthemstrong.Whenweareolder,westillneedvitaminDtokeepourbonesstrong.OurbodieskeepthevitaminDinourbonesandteeth.ThenwelosevitaminDasweworkandexerciseduringtheday.Butourbodiescan’tmakevitaminD．Sowehavetogetitfromoutsideofourbodies.Wherecanapersongetthisveryimportantvitamin?VitaminDisinfoodslikefishandeggs.Sometimes,vitaminDisaddedtobread,milk,andorangejuice.FoodisnottheonlywayourbodiescangetvitaminD．ThesunalsogivesusvitaminD．Ifwewanttobehealthy,weshouldspendsometimeinthesuneachday.Toomuchsunisnotgoodforyou,butabout15minutesadayisusuallyenough.AndweshouldbesuretoeatfoodsthatarerichinvitaminD,too.6．ThewritersaysthatvitaminD________.A．makesourbonesstrong B．keepsourhaircleanC．isnotnecessaryforourteeth D．isharmfultoourhearts7．WhydowehavetogetvitaminDfromoutsideofourbodies?A．Itmakesuspopular. B．Ithelpsuseatmorefood.C．Ourbodiescan’tmakevitaminD． D．ThemorevitaminD,thebetter.8．Accordingtothewriter,peoplecangetvitaminDby________.A．eatingfish B．watchingTV C．workinghard D．havingasleep9．Howlongareweadvisedtospendinthesuneachday?A．About15minutes. B．About45minutes. C．About1hour. D．About2hours.10．Paragraph3mainlytellsus________.A．whatvitaminDis B．wherewecangetvitaminDC．howmuchvitaminDweneed D．whypeopledon’tlikevitaminD（2022·天津·中考真题）Peopleintheofficeusuallysitformostofthedaywhentheywork.Butthisisbadforaperson’shealth.Whenpeoplesitfortoolongeveryday,theydon’tmoveverymuch.Soitiseasytostartgettingfat.Sittingtoolongisalsobadfortheirworkbecauseitmakesthemwanttosleep.Whenthishappens,peoplemaymakemoremistakesintheirworkorspendmoretimefinishingtheirwork.Companiesneedworkerstobehealthy,sohowdotheyfixtheproblem?Somecompanieshavedifferenttypesofdeskstohelptheirworkers.Thefirsttypeofdeskisthestandingdesk.Thedeskcanbetallerwhenapersonwantstostand.Itcanalsobeshorterwhenthepersonwantstosit.Anothertypeofdeskisthewalkingdesk.Thisdeskismadesothatapersoncanworkwhilewalkingatthesametime.Workersinthecompanieslikethedifferenttypesofdesksverymuch.Theythinkthesedesksarequiteuseful.11．Whenpeopleintheofficework,theyusually________.A．sit B．move C．run D．sing12．Whatdoestheword“fix”meaninParagraph1?A．Cause. B．Solve. C．Bring. D．Discuss.13．HowmanytypesofdesksarementionedinParagraph2?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.14．Whatdotheworkersthinkofthedifferenttypesofdesks?A．Theyarecheap. B．Theyaretraditional. C．Theyareuseful. D．Theyareexpensive.15．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A．tellusthereasonsforsitting B．showtheadvantagesofstandingC．introducedesksthathelppeopleworkbetter D．comparecompaniesthatprovidedifferentjobs（2021·天津·中考真题）Whenthedaysgrewlonginthemiddleofsummer,Lisalikedtogototheparkandwatchtheclouds.Oneday,Lisasawacloudthatlookedlikeastandingdragon.Afterafewminutesitbecameaflyingdragon.Thenitseemedtochangedirection.Anothercloudmovedintomixwithit,andthedragonchangedintoadancingelephant.Thenitbecameasittingdogthenabarking（吠、叫）dog,andthenatiger.“ThisisbetterthanTV!”Lisashouted.MrThomas,themusicteacheratLisa’sschool,wasflyingakitewithhissoninthepark.HeheardLisa’svoice.Hegavethekitestring（线）tohissonandcametoLisa.“Hi,MrThomas!”Lisasaid.“Lookatthoseclouds.Theykeepchanging!Firsttheylookedlikeadragon,thenanelephant,thenadog,andnowatiger!”MrThomaslookedup.“Atiger?”hesaid.“Thatlookslikeahorsetome.It’srunningtowardsthesun,That’ssolively.”Lisalookedagain.Hewasright!“Howdocloudsknowhowtomakesomanyshapes?”Thecloudsdon’tknowhowtomakeshapes.Yourimagination（想象力）helpsyouseethoseshapesintheclouds,“MrThomasansweredasthehorsechangedintoachicken.”16．WhatdidLisaliketodointheparkinthemiddleofsummer?A．Trainherdog. B．Watchtheclouds. C．Feedanimals. D．Readbooks.17．Lisafoundthat“abarkingdog”inthecloudschangedinto“________”.A．adragon B．anelephant C．atiger D．agiraffe18．WhatwasMrThomasdoingintheparkwhenLisashouted?A．Studyingplants. B．Flyingakite C．Havingmusiclessons. D．Playingtennis.19．WhatdidMrThomasthinkoftherunninghorseintheclouds?A．Itwasstrong. B．Itwasshy. C．Itwasnoisy. D．Itwaslively.20．AccordingtoMrThomas,whathelpedLisaseedifferentshapesintheclouds?A．Tradition. B．Silence. C．Imagination. D．Environment.（2020·天津·中考真题）Peopledependonplants.Weuseplantsforfood,cloth,shelter(住处),andeventheairwebreathe(呼吸).Plantskeepourairandwaterclean.Greenplantsgiveusoxygen(氧气).Oxygenispartoftheairwebreathe.Plantsarealsopartofthewatercycle(水循环).Mostofthewaterthataplanttakesingoesbackintotheair.Plantsgiveusalotofthefoodontheearth.Fruits,vegetables,andgrains(谷物)comefromplants.Withoutplants,wewouldnothavebread,rice,carrots,apples,oranges,orbananas!Manypeoplearegrowingplantstoeatintheirowngardensathome.Havingyourowngardenhelpstheearthaswell.Whenyougrowyourownfruitsandvegetables,youhelpcutdownonpollutionbecausebigtrucksdon’tneedtotakeyourfoodtoshops.Youalsohelpreducetheamountofrubbishbecauseyoudon’tneedtousebagsforpackingyourfood.Youcanjustpickitoutofthegroundoroffaplantandputitintoabasket!Treesareanimportantplantresource(资源).Treesprovidewoodtobuildhomesandfurniture.Treesareusedtomakelotsofthingsaroundyourhomeandatyourschool.Andtreesprovidefruitsthataregoodforyou.Withouttrees,theearthwouldbeaverydifferentplace.21．________ispartoftheairwebreathe.A．Sunlight B．Water C．Food D．Oxygen22．Whathappenstomostofthewaterthataplanttakesin?A．Itgoesbackintotheair. B．Itstaysintheplant.C．Itgoesintotheground. D．Itstaysintheriver.23．Whatdoesthephrase“cutdownon”meaninParagraph5?A．Cause. B．Accept. C．Reduce. D．Expect.24．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ADifferentPlace B．TheUsesofPlantsC．FoodontheEarth D．GardensatHome25．Youwouldfindthepassagein________.A．aninterestingnovel B．abookaboutanimalsC．apopularplay D．abookaboutnature（2024·天津武清·三模）Chineseknitting(结绳编织)isagreatartformthroughwhichpeoplesendgoodluckandexpressbestwishes.ItshowsthebeautyofChinesecultureandthewisdomofChinesepeople,anditenjoyspopularityamonginternationalfriends.TheartofknittinginChinadatesbacktoancienttimes.Ancientpeopleusedthe“ropeknottying”methodtorecordinformationbeforethecreationoftheChinesecharacters.Overtime,itbecameaformofhandicraft(手工艺)anddevelopedgreatlyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Itcontinuestodeveloptilltoday.Workerscanskillfullymakematerialssuchassilk,cottonorwoolwhichbecomedailygoodsandhandicrafts,appearinginmanyformslikebuttons,earringsandmore.WangXiaolanisaninheritor(传承人)ofthisIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物质文化遗产)fromChongqing.Shehasreceivedgreattrainingintheartofknittingandhasalsobroughtchangestothistraditionalhandicraft.Shesuccessfullyusesknotting,weaving,drawingandothertechniquestomakeproducts.In2019,Wangstartedaknittingworkshop“Lanyuxuan”.Toaddalocalflavor(特色)tothistraditionalart,herteamhascomeupwithnewideasforknittingpieceswithsymbols,suchasginkgo(银杏)leavesandbamboo.Theteamhaswonmanyprizesincompetitionsandtheproductsarelovedathomeandabroad.Sofar,Wang’sworkshophastrainedover100peoplewhowanttolearnitforfree.Theytrytheirbesttoimpartknittingskillsandknowledgetothenextgeneration.Inthefuture,theywilljoinindifferentexhibitions,competitions,andtakeeverychancetospreadknittingculture,showknittingskills,andsharegreatChinesestories.1．Accordingtothepassage,people________throughChineseknitting.A．arethirstyforpeaceandsafety B．arethirstyforsuccessandwealthC．sendmessagesandshowdirections D．sendgoodluckandexpressbestwishes2．WhatdidancientChinesepeopleuseknittingfor?A．Recordinginformation. B．Makingsomemoney.C．CreatingChinesecharacters. D．SharingChinesestories.3．HowhasWangXiaolandevelopedtheartofknitting?①Shehasinventednewmaterialsforknitting.②Shehascombinedmanydifferenttechniques.③Shehastakenpartincompetitionsandwonmanyprizes.④Sheandotherteammateshavecomeupwithnewideasofproducts.A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④4．Theword“impart”inParagraph6means“________”.A．passby B．putoff C．passon D．putdown5．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Handicrafts—ASpecialPartofTraditionalCultureB．ChineseKnitting—AnIntangibleCulturalHeritageC．WangXiaolan—AnInheritorofChineseKnittingD．ChineseCharacters—AnImportantCulturalInvention（2024·天津和平·二模）Lookatthepicturesofcuterabbitsdressedinliondancecostumes.Canyouguesswhattheyareusedfor?Aretheytoys?Well,ifyouthinkso,thinkagain.Thesecute“rabbits”areactuallyhuabobo.IthasbeenapopulartraditionalfoodinShandongProvinceformorethan300years.Usually,huaboboisfourorevensixtimesbiggerthanmantou.Ithasbecomeanecessarypartofsomeimportantevents.Localwomenusetoolslikeknives,scissorsandpenstoshapethedough(生面团)intoducks,dragons,peaches,etc,beforehavingthemsteamed.Thentheycolorthem.Theirbrightandbeautifulcolorsaregenerallyconsideredtoexpressgoodwishes.Forexample,huabobointheshapesofrabbitsandtigersisusuallygiventochildrentoexpressthewishthataboywillbeasstrongasatigerandagirlaslovelyandcleverasawhiterabbit.Andhuabobointheshapeofyuanyangrepresentsthewishthatanewly-marriedcouplewilllivehappilytogethertoanoldage.Huaboboisnormallysweetintaste.Thewaytomakehuabobohasbeenpasseddownfromgeneration(一代人)togenerationinShandongProvince.Huabobotastesgood,butmosthuaboboshopsonlyserveitlocally.ThatdetailcaughttheattentionofZangChaiyuan,a25-year-oldgirlfromYantai.Shewantedtointroducehuabobotomorepeople.Zang’sloveforhuabobohasalsoledhertocreatenewshapes.Shealsousesnaturalfruitandvegetablejuicetocolorhuabobo.What’smore,shehasfoundawaytostorehuaboboforovertwomonths,makingitmoreconvenienttosendittoothercities.Usinghercreativeworks,Zanghasmanagedtobreathenewlifeintothetraditionalhuabobo,allowingmoreyoungpeopletounderstandandtastethistraditionalfood.6．WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion. B．Tobringinthetopicinaninterestingway.C．Toprovidebackgroundinformation. D．Touseanexampletosupportthetopic.7．Whatarethestepsinmakinghuabobo?①Steamit.

②Colorthedough.③Shapethedough.④Serveit.A．③→①→② B．③→②→① C．②→③→④ D．①→③→④8．Whatshapeofhuaboboisusuallygiventoaboy?A． B． C． D．9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouthuabobo?A．Youngpeopledon’tlikeitanymore. B．Itisusedmorewidelythanmantou.C．Nowit’seasyfornon-localstotasteit. D．Thistraditionalfoodishalfacenturyold.10．WhatroledoesZangmainlyplayinintroducinghuabobo?A．Shemakeshuabobomorechild-friendly. B．Shereducesthecostofmakingthisfood.C．Sheimprovesthewayshesendshuabobo. D．Shehelpskeepthistraditionalfoodalive.（2024·天津红桥·二模）Haveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise.Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1,000finesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkforfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories(卡路里).Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills,Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.11．Wherecanyoudoaquaticexercise?A．Onland. B．Inaswimmingpool. C．Inafield. D．Onafarm12．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Differencebetweenairandwater. B．Weightchangeofone’sbody.C．Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise. D．Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.13．Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?A．Relaxing. B．Worrying. C．Surprising D．Boring14．Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis_________.A．doneingroups B．fitforeveryoneC．difficulttolearn D．donewithspecialskills15．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Culture. B．Travel. C．Nature. D．Health.（2024·天津南开·二模）Theworldisgettingwarmer,andtheiceinhighmountainsismelting(融化).Howtoslowdownthemelt?Wearing“clothes”Inthe1990s,peopleinSwitzerlandputwhite“blankets”onskiareas.Thewhitecolorcanreflect(反射)thesunshineandkeeptheicecool.Theblanketsaremadeofwool,soraincangothroughtheblanketsandbecomeice.Itcanslowdownthemeltbyabout50%to70%.Today,the“blankets”inSwitzerlandcover10,000to50,000squaremetersofice.PaintingtherocksFarmersintheAndesMountainsinPeruuseasimilaridea.Above5,000meters,theypainttherockswithwhite“paint”.Thepaintismadeofwater,sandandsoap.Thesoaphelpsitsticktotherocks.Thewhiterockscanbe16℃coolerthanthedarkrocks.CreatingsnowScientistsatanorganizationcalledGlaciersAliveturntoman-madesnowforhelpinSwitzerland:Inwinter,theyusewaterfromasmalllakeupinthemountain.Thewatergoesdownsomepipes(管道).Onthepipes,thereareshowerheads.Thewaterflows(流)outfromthepipesandbecomessnowonthemountain.16．Theiceinhighmountainsismeltingbecause________.A．peopleputwhiteblanketsonskiareasB．theworldisgettingwarmerC．whatdidpeopledointhe1990sD．themountainsarecoveredwithiceandsand17．Whydidpeoplemaketheblanketswhite?A．Becausetheywanttheblanketstolookliketheice.B．Becausethewhitecolorhasafeelofwool.C．Becausethewhitecolorhelpstheicegetlesssunshine.D．Becauseraincangothroughwhiteblanketseasily.18．ThepaintthatfarmersintheAndesMountainsuseismadeof________.A．ice,waterandsoap B．water,sandandsnowC．sand,snowandsoap D．water,sandandsoap19．WhatdoscientistsfromGlaciersAlivedotoslowdownthemelt?A．TheypainttherocksinSwitzerlandwhite.B．Theyusewatertocreatesnowinwinter.C．Theyusesmalllakeslokeepsnowandice.D．Theyusepipestomoverainuponthemountain.20．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Peopleshouldmakebetteruseofthesunshine.B．Peoplearetryingtostoptheworldfromgettingwarmer.C．Peoplefromdifferentcountriesareworkinginateam.D．Peopleareworkinghardtokeephighmountainscool.（2024·天津河北·二模）Pyrography(烫画)isakindofartforminChina.Itisdonebyusingahotmetal(金属)to