河南省豫北名校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中检测英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省豫北名校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中检测英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwillMaryprobablydobeforeskiingnexttime?A.Haveagoodrest.B.Wearbettershoes.C.Takeatrainingcourse.2.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Bycheque.3.Whereisthegasstation?A.OnNorthStreet.B.OnFifthAvenue.C.OnTurnerLane.4.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.$38.B.$35.C.$34.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheartexhibition?A.Mostunwelcome.B.Quitefantastic.C.Extremelyboring.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Reporterandinterviewee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Hostandaudience.7.Whywasthebookdelayed(推迟)?A.Thewriterdoesn’tlikethecover.B.Thepublisherwasshortofmoney.C.Thespecialpaperwasnotavailable.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatwillPeterdoduringthesummervacation?A.Washdishesforothers.B.Setuphisownbusiness.C.Workathisfather’scompany.9.WhatdoesPeteradvisethewomantodo?A.Helpchildrenstudy.B.Delivernewspapers.C.Playwithstudents.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whywillthespeakerseatouttonight?A.Theelectricityiscutoff.B.Theyfindcookingboring.C.Theycan’tcookwithoutwater.11.Whatdoesthemanintendtoeat?A.Chinesefood.B.Indianfood.C.Italianfood.12.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Turnonthemusic.B.Turnuptheradio.C.Turndownthemusic.14.Whichtypeofmusicdoesthemanprefer?A.Rockmusic.B.Countrymusic.C.Classicalmusic.15.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gohome.B.WatchTV.C.Havesupper.16.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atthewoman’shouse.B.Onthebus.C.Atthecinema.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowoldwasAelitawhenherfirstpaintingwasdisplayedinLondon?A.4yearsold.B.22monthsold.C.9monthsold.18.WhatwasthelowestpriceofAelita’swork?A.$4,000.B.$10,000.C.$14,000.19.WhatwasAelita’sachievementin2020?A.ShesoldherpaintingtoJacksonPollock.B.ShehadherexhibitioninAmerica.C.ShewonGlobalChildProdigyAwards.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Toencouragepeopletolearntopaint.B.Tointroduceareallygiftedartist.C.Todescribehisloveofabstractpaintings.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheLunarNewYearisamajorholidayinseveralAsiancountries.Andpeoplecelebrateoverseveraldaysorevenweeks.ItiscalledtheSpringFestivalinChina,TetinVietnamandSeollalinKorea.WhataresometraditionsaroundtheLunarNewYear?Onewell-knownancientstoryspeaksofNian,aterriblemonsterthateatshumanfleshonNewYear'sDay.ButNianfearsthecolourred,loudnoisesandfire.So,LunarNewYearactivitiesincludeputtingupredpaperdragonsonthedoorsofhomes.Peoplealsoburnredlanternsallnightandsetofffirecrackerstochaseawaythemonster.Redisconsideredaluckycolourtoringinanewyear.Peoplewearredclothing,decoratetheirhomeswithredpaperlanternsanduseredenvelopestopresentlovedoneswithgiftsofmoney.Ancestorworshipisalsocommonduringthistime.ManyKoreanfamiliestakepartinaceremonycalled“charye”.Femalefamilymemberspreparefoodandmalemembersserveittoancestors.Thefinalactinvolvestheentirefamilysharingamealandaskingforhelpfromtheirancestors.Vietnamesecultureholdsasimilartradition.Howdodiaspora(大移居)communitiescelebrate?MembersofAsianAmericancommunitiesaroundtheUSalsoorganizeparades,partiesandothereventsaroundtheLunarNewYear.Lionanddragondancesarecommon,asarefireworks,traditionalfoodandculturalperformances.WhataresomespecialfoodsfortheNewYear?EachculturehasitsownspecialfoodsforNewYearcelebration.InChineseculture,forexample,“changshoumian”or“long-lifenoodles”areeatenwithawishforalong,healthyandhappylife.Koreanscelebratewith“tteokguk”,asoupthatcontainsthinlyslicedricecakes.AndVietnameseculturehas“banhchung”,atraditionaldishmadefromrice,mungbeanandporkbelly.Thedishisusuallycoveredwithbananaleaves,shapedintoasquareandtiedupwithstringsforsteaming.1.WhichisNOTawaytodriveawayNian?A.Settingofffirecrackers. B.Burningredlanterns.C.Puttingupreddragons. D.Makingredenvelopes.2.InwhichcountrydopeoplecelebratetheLunarNewYearwith“banhchung”?A.Korea. B.China. C.Vietnam. D.TheUS.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Afolkstory. B.Amagazine.C.Apromotionalbrochure. D.Afoodpromotionadvertisement.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了农历新年的相关知识。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ButNianfearsthecolourred,loudnoisesandfire.So,LunarNewYearactivitiesincludeputtingupredpaperdragonsonthedoorsofhomes.Peoplealsoburnredlanternsallnightandsetofffirecrackerstochaseawaythemonster.(但是年害怕红色、噪音和火。所以，农历新年的活动包括在家里的门上贴红纸龙。人们还整夜烧红灯笼，放鞭炮来赶走怪兽)”可知，人们驱赶“年”这种怪兽的方法包括贴红纸龙、烧红灯笼和放鞭炮；根据第三段“Redisconsideredaluckycolourtoringinanewyear.Peoplewearredclothing,decoratetheirhomeswithredpaperlanternsanduseredenvelopestopresentlovedoneswithgiftsofmoney.(红色被认为是新年的幸运色。人们穿红衣服，用红纸灯笼装饰他们的家，用红包给爱的人送钱)”可知，红包的目的是为了送压岁钱，而不是为了驱赶“年”这种怪兽，故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AndVietnameseculturehas‘banhchung’,atraditionaldishmadefromrice,mungbeanandporkbelly.(越南文化中还有‘banhchung’，这是一种由米饭、绿豆和五花肉制成的传统菜肴)”可知，越南庆祝农历新年的时候，会吃banhchung这种特别的食物，故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“TheLunarNewYearisamajorholidayinseveralAsiancountries.Andpeoplecelebrateoverseveraldaysorevenweeks.ItiscalledtheSpringFestivalinChina,TetinVietnamandSeollalinKorea.(农历新年是几个亚洲国家的重要节日。人们会庆祝几天甚至几周。它在中国被称为春节，在越南被称为Tet，在韩国被称为Seollal)”可知，文章主要介绍了农历新年的习俗、传统等，应是出自一本杂志，故选B。B“Agoodbookiseasytofind.”ThatisthemessageonasignatHernandoGuanlao’shomeintheMakatiareaofManila,thecapitalofthePhilippines.Guanlaohasturnedhishomeintoafreepubliclibrary.Visitorscanborrowthebooksinsideforfree.Guanlaohopeshislibrarywillinspirepeopletoread,especiallytheyoung.The72-year-oldsaidthathislibraryincludesbooksthatallstudentscanenjoy—fromyoungchildreninkindergartentoolderstudentsingrade12.Guanlao’slibraryhasbooksforreadersofallinterests.Hespoketoreportersathishome,whichisfilledwiththousandsofavailablebooks.HecallshislibraryReadingClub2000.Itcontainsmanydifferentkindsofbooks,orgenres(体裁).Genreisagroupofartistic,musical,orliteraryworksthatshareaparticularstyle,form,orcontent.Somegenresinliteraturearepoetry,non-fiction(orrealstories),andfiction(orimaginarystories).Thenthereare“sub-genres”suchascookbooks,sciencefiction,andmystery,tonamejustafew.Hestartedhislibrarymorethan20yearsagowhenheset50booksonthewalkwayinfrontofhishome.Guanlao’scollectionhasgrowngreatlyovertheyears—thankstoacontinuoussupplyofbooksfromdonors.Speakingofdonors,hesaid,“Theyjustleaveboxesofbooksoutsidemyhouse.”Hehasalsostarteddonatingbookshimself.Hesendsreadingmaterialstopublicschoolsinfar-awaycommunities.Guanlao’seffortscomeatatimewhenreadingabilityamongstudentsinthePhilippinesremainslow.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessmentreportsthatreadingscoresinthePhilippinesareamongthelowestintheworld.TheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentrunsthatprogramme.StudentsinthePhilippinesarealsofacinglearningdelaysinmathandscience.Guanlaoisfirmabouthisgoals:“Mymission(使命)istogiveawayusedanddonatedbookstoothersatnocost,”hesaid,“andtopromoteeducationthroughliterature.”4.WhoarethemaintargetedreadersofReadingClub2000?A.Theyouth. B.Literarylovers.C.Middle-agedandoldreaders. D.Communitybookdonors.5.WhichstatementaboutGuanlao’slibraryisUNTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Thebookclassificationisverydetailed.B.Thelibrarycontinuouslybuysbooksforpublicschools.C.Thecollectionofthelibraryisconstantlyexpanding.D.Richbookscansatisfyvariousreadingtastes.6.Whatwastheoriginalintentionbehindtheestablishmentofthisprivatelibrary?A.Toincreasesocialinfluence.B.Toenrichtheculturalatmosphere.C.Torespondtothegovernment'scall.D.TohelpwiththebackwardeducationsituationinPhilippines.7.WhatisGuanlaolike?A.Heisaself-disciplinedteacher. B.Hehasastrongsenseofsocialresponsibility.C.Heisanindustriousvolunteerinthelibrary. D.Heistraditionalandconservative.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了菲律宾首都马尼拉的HernandoGuanlao在自己的家中设立了一个免费的公共图书馆，希望通过这个图书馆鼓励人们阅读，改善菲律宾落后教育状况的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Guanlaohopeshislibrarywillinspirepeopletoread,especiallytheyoung.The72-year-oldsaidthathislibraryincludesbooksthatallstudentscanenjoy—fromyoungchildreninkindergartentoolderstudentsingrade12.(Guanlao说他希望他的图书馆能激发人们阅读的兴趣，特别是年轻人。这位72岁的老人说，他的图书馆收藏了所有学生都能阅读的书籍，从幼儿园的幼儿到12年级的大学生)”可知，ReadingClub2000的主要目标读者是年轻人。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Hehasalsostarteddonatingbookshimself.Hesendsreadingmaterialstopublicschoolsinfar-awaycommunities.(他自己也开始捐书了。他向偏远社区的公立学校寄送阅读材料)”可知，Guanlao是将自己图书馆的书籍捐赠给偏远社区的公立学校，而非为公立学校购买书籍。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Guanlao’seffortscomeatatimewhenreadingabilityamongstudentsinthePhilippinesremainslow.(Guanlao的努力是在菲律宾学生的阅读能力仍然很低的时候做出的)”以及最后一段中的“Guanlaoisfirmabouthisgoals:“Mymissionistogiveawayusedanddonatedbookstoothersatnocost,”hesaid,“andtopromoteeducationthroughliterature.”(Guanlao对自己的目标很坚定，他说:“我的使命是免费向他人赠送二手和捐赠的书籍，并通过文学促进教育。”)”可知，这个私人图书馆成立的初衷是帮助改善菲律宾落后的教育状况。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。最后一段中的“Guanlaoisfirmabouthisgoals:“Mymissionistogiveawayusedanddonatedbookstoothersatnocost,”hesaid,“andtopromoteeducationthroughliterature.”(Guanlao对自己的目标很坚定,他说:“我的使命是免费向他人赠送二手和捐赠的书籍，并通过文学促进教育。”)”可知，Guanlao是一个有强烈的社会责任感的人。故选B。CResearchershaveusedradar(雷达)andothertechnologiestostudyalarge“star”sanddune(沙丘)ineasternMoroccolocatedinAfrica.Theteamsaiditwasabletogetdetaileddataonhowthesedunesformanddevelop.Astarduneisnamedafteritsshapebecauseitcanlooklikeastarwhenseenfromabove.Thesestructuresareverylargeandhaveahill,orpeak,atthetop.Theyhavelargemasses,calledarms,spreadingoutfromthepeak.Stardunesareshapedbywindandotherconditionsintheenvironment.StardunesarecommonindesertsandcanbefoundinAfrica,theMiddleEast,ChinaandNorthAmerica.Butscientistssay,althoughtherearealotofstardunes,theformationshavenotbeenstudiedverymuchsofar.TheresearchresultsrecentlyappearedinthepublicationScientificReports.Thescientistssaidthestardunerises100metresabovesurroundingdunesandis700metreswide.Thestructurecontainsanestimatedfive-and-a-halfmetrictonsofsand.Theresearchersusedradarthatcan“see”undergroundtolookatdifferentelementswithinthestardune.Thescienceinstrumentsthatwereusedaredesignedtomapalllayerswithinthedunes.Theyalsousedamethodcalledluminescencedatingtostudytheageofthedune.Thismethodusesmineralsinthesandtoestimatewhentheylastreceivedsunlightinanattempttoguesstheageofthedune.Theresearchersestimatedtheoldestpartsofthebaseofthestarduneareabout13,000yearsold.Andtheduneismovingacrossthedesertatarateofabout50centimetresayear.Theteamnotedthestarduneexperiencedthemostgrowthduringthepast1,000years.Stardunesmakeupjust10percentofalldunesinEarth'sdeserts.TheyhavealsobeenobservedonMarsandonSaturn'smoonTitan.Earth'slargeststardunesarefoundinwesternChina'sBadainJarandesert.StardunesalsoarefoundinplacesincludingtheNamibSandSeainNamibia,largesandseasinAlgeriaandRub’alKhaliinSaudiArabia.InNorthAmerica,GreatSandDunesNationalParkinColoradocontainsaseriesofthem.8.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?A.Toprovidereaderswithinformationaboutstardunes.B.Tointroducethelocationsofsanddunes.C.Toshowthemainstructuresofsanddunes.D.Totellreaderspeoplehavelittleunderstandingofsanddunes.9.Whydoresearchersuseluminescencedating?A.Tomeasurethescaleofsanddunes.B.Todevelopmineralsinsidesanddunes.C.Todeterminewhenthesanddunebegantoform.D.Todescribetheunderlyingfeatureofsanddunes.10.Inwhichcountrycanyouseethebiggeststardunes?A.Morocco. B.China. C.SaudiArabia. D.TheUSA.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheProcessofSandDuneFormation.B.StarDunes:WondersintheDesert.C.ThePastandFutureofSandDunesonEarth.D.ResearchersUncover“Secrets”ofAfricanSandDune.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Astarduneisnamedafteritsshapebecauseitcanlooklikeastarwhenseenfromabove.Thesestructuresareverylargeandhaveahill,orpeak,atthetop.Theyhavelargemasses,calledarms,spreadingoutfromthepeak.Stardunesareshapedbywindandotherconditionsintheenvironment.(星状沙丘因其形状而得名，因为从上面看它就像一颗星星。这些建筑非常大，顶部有一座小山或山峰。它们有很大的岩体，称为臂，从山顶向外伸展。星沙丘是由风和其他环境条件形成的。)”可知，此段的目的是为读者提供有关“星状”沙丘的信息。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theyalsousedamethodcalledluminescencedatingtostudytheageofthedune.Thismethodusesmineralsinthesandtoestimatewhentheylastreceivedsunlightinanattempttoguesstheageofthedune.(他们还使用了一种称为发光测年的方法来研究沙丘的年龄。这种方法利用沙子中的矿物质来估计它们最后一次接受阳光的时间，试图猜测沙丘的年龄。)”可知，研究人员使用发光测年法是为了确定沙层的年龄，即“沙丘是何时开始形成的”。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Earth'slargeststardunesarefoundinwesternChina'sBadainJarandesert.(地球上最大的星状沙丘位于中国西部的巴丹吉林沙漠。)”可知，最大的星状沙丘在中国。故选B。。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Researchershaveusedradar(雷达)andothertechnologiestostudyalarge“star”sanddune(沙丘)ineasternMoroccolocatedinAfrica.Theteamsaiditwasabletogetdetaileddataonhowthesedunesformanddevelop.(研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星形”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够获得这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。)”和全文内容可知，研究人员利用雷达和其他技术研究了位于非洲的摩洛哥东部的一个大型“星状”沙丘。该团队表示，他们能够捕捉到这些沙丘如何形成和发展的详细数据。因此推断D项“研究人员揭开了非洲沙丘的“秘密””为最佳标题。故选D。DArecentstudyidentifiedageneticcauseofleft-handednessinsomepeople.Researchersfoundrarevariants(变体)ofageneinvolvedincontrollingtheshapeofcells.Theyfoundthevariantstobe2.7timesmorecommoninleft-handedpeople.Thesegeneticvariantsaccountforpossibly0.1percentofleft-handedness.Buttheresearcherssaidagene,calledTUBB4B,mightplayapartinthedevelopmentofbrainasymmetry(不对称性).Inmostpeople,thetwohalvesofthebrainhaveslightlydifferentstructuresandaredominantfordifferentactivities.ClydeFrancksoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforPsycholinguisticsintheNetherlandssuggestedthatformostpeople,theleftsideofthebraincontrolsthedominantrighthand.TUBB4Bcontrolsaproteinthatgetsformedintofilaments(丝状物)calledmicrotubules.Thesemicrotubulesgivestructuretotheinsidesofcells.ThechangesinTUBB4Bthataremorecommoninleft-handerssuggestthatmicrotubulesareinvolvedinsettingupthebrain’snormalasymmetries.Thetwobrainhalvesstarttodevelopdifferentlyinthehumanembryo(胚胎).Scientistsdonotknowthesystemthatcontrolsthis.Thestudy’sfindingswerebasedongeneticdatafrommorethan350,000middle-agedtoolderadultsinBritain.ItwasfromtheUKBiobank.About11percentofthepeopleinvolvedwereleft-handed.Formostpeople,left-orright-handednessmightcomedowntochance.Changesinthelevelsofsomemolecules(分子)duringimportanttimesofbraindevelopmentcouldinfluenceit,Franckssuggested.Historically,manyculturesdisapprovedofleft-handednessandforcedpeopletobecomeright-handed.InEnglish,theword“right”alsomeans“correct”or“proper”.Andtheexpressiona“left-handedcompliment”meansthatacommentmightseemnicebutisaninsult.Thenewfindingsmighthaveuseinthefieldofmentalhealth.Peoplewithschizophrenia(精神分裂)arearoundtwiceaslikelytobeleft-handedorambidextrous(左右开弓的).Francksobservedthatgenesinvolvedindevelopingthebraininearlylifemightbeinvolvedinbrainasymmetryandmentalhealth.“Ourstudyfoundsuggestiveevidenceofthis,andwehavealsoseenitinpreviousstudieswherewelookedatmorecommongeneticvariantsinthepopulation,”Francksadded.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Arecentbreakthroughinbrainresearch.B.Thecloserelationshipbetweengenesandhealth.C.Newdiscoveriesaboutwhysomepeopleareleft-handed.D.Ararevarianthasbeenultimatelydiscoveredbyresearchers.13.Whatisthemainfunctionofmicrotubules?A.Controllingthelefthand. B.Transportingaspecialprotein.C.ContinuouslychangingTUBB4B. D.Establishingnormalasymmetryinthebrain.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“aninsult”meaninParagraph6?A.Rudeness. B.Explanation. C.Encouragement. D.Awareness.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewfindingsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyproveleft-handedpeoplehaveseriousmentalhealthproblems.B.Theywilloverturnsomepreviousconclusions.C.Theyhaveidentifiednewgenesinvolvedinearlybraindevelopment.D.Theymaycontributetofurtherexplorationofmentalhealth.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项关于左撇子成因的新研究。研究发现一种基因的罕见变体可能与左撇子有关，该变体影响的微管可能在大脑不对称性发展中起作用。此外，还提到了左撇子在不同文化中的看法以及该研究在心理健康领域可能的应用。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段和第二段“Arecentstudyidentifiedageneticcauseofleft-handednessinsomepeople.Researchersfoundrarevariants(变体)ofageneinvolvedincontrollingtheshapeofcells.Theyfoundthevariantstobe2.7timesmorecommoninleft-handedpeople.Thesegeneticvariantsaccountforpossibly0.1percentofleft-handedness.Buttheresearcherssaidagene,calledTUBB4B,mightplayapartinthedevelopmentofbrainasymmetry(不对称性).Inmostpeople,thetwohalvesofthebrainhaveslightlydifferentstructuresandaredominantfordifferentactivities.(最近的一项研究确定了一些人左撇子的遗传原因。研究人员发现了一种参与控制细胞形状的基因的罕见变体。他们发现这些变体在左撇子人群中的出现频率是正常人的2.7倍。这些遗传变体可能占左撇子的0.1%。但是研究人员表示，一种名为TUBB4B的基因可能在大脑不对称性的发展中起作用。在大多数人中，大脑的两个半球结构略有不同，并且在不同的活动中占主导地位。)”可知，文本主要讲述了一项关于左撇子成因的研究。研究发现了一种基因的罕见变体与左撇子有关，这种变体可能在大脑不对称性的发展中起作用，所以文本主要是关于一些人是左撇子的新发现。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThechangesinTUBB4Bthataremorecommoninleft-handerssuggestthatmicrotubulesareinvolvedinsettingupthebrain'snormalasymmetries.(TUBB4B的变化在左撇子中更为常见，这表明微管参与建立大脑的正常不对称性。)”可知，微管的主要作用是建立大脑的正常不对称性，故选D项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Andtheexpressiona‘left-handedcompliment’meansthatacommentmightseemnicebutisaninsult.(而“left-handedcompliment”这个表达的意思是一种评论看似很好，但实际上是一……。)”可知，“left-handedcompliment”看似好但实际上不是，也就是一种不好的、不恰当的表达。A“无礼的”与画线短语意义最为接近，故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thenewfindingsmighthaveuseinthefieldofmentalhealth.(新发现可能在心理健康领域有用。)”可知，这些新发现可能在心理健康领域有作用，即可能有助于进一步探索心理健康，故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asweallknow,“Goingforawalk”isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerations.___16___.Butyoumaybesurprisedtohearthatwanderingthroughprettystreetsorhikingalongmountainousridgeshavenotalwaysbeenconsideredleisureactivities,accordingtoDanielGale,aresearcherofwalking.HesaysthatinBritain,walkingforfun“wasn'treallyathing”untilthe1780s.___17___,andsomepeopleassociateditwithcriminalactivity.ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandwalkingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess;atimetoabsorbwhatwasgoingonaroundhim.Butifspeed-walkingisn'tyourthing,perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.___18___.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritsunlesshespentfourhoursadaywalkingatleast.___19___,buthaspedestrianetiquette(行人礼仪)remainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchaswalkinginconversationandpreventingpeoplebehindyou.Nowadays,wecouldprobablyadddistractedphone-userstothatlist.Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,thesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature,maymakeallthedifferencetoourwellbeing.___20___?A.IsitsafetowalkthestreetsaloneatnightB.Bydoingso,theyhelpthemstrengthentheircapacitiesC.Thisideaoftakingawalktoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCenturyD.That'sbecauseit'sbeneficialforbothphysicalandmentalhealthE.Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessityF.Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualorapurposefulwalker,whynotbuildahabitoutofitG.19thCenturyAmericanwriterHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.C20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了散步的起源以及它如何演变成为现代人的一项重要日常活动。【16题详析】根据上文“Asweallknow,“Goingforawalk”isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerations.(我们都知道，“散步”是老少皆宜的消遣方式)”可知，选项承接上文说明其原因。故D选项“这是因为它对身心健康都有好处”切题。故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“HesaysthatinBritain,walkingforfun“wasn'treallyathing”untilthe1780s.(他说，在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣“才真正成为一件事”)”可知，选项说明18世纪80年代之前关于散步的情况。故E选项“在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人把它与犯罪活动联系在一起”切题。故选E项。【18题详析】根据上文“Butifspeed-walkingisn'tyourthing,perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.(但是，如果你不喜欢快速走，也许你可以从另一个有远见的步行者那里得到灵感)”可知，选项承接上文说明这个有远见的步行者是谁以及他的举措。故G选项“19世纪美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较为缓慢的方法”切题。故选G项。【19题详析】根据下文“buthaspedestrianetiquette(行人礼仪)remainedthesame?(但是行人礼仪还保持不变吗)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明步行随着时间而延续到了现在。故C选项“通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪”切题。故选C项。【20题详析】根据上文“Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,thesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature,maymakeallthedifferencetoourwellbeing.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中，这一简单的行为可能会对我们的健康产生重大影响)”可知，选项总结上文且发出号召，鼓励人们散步。故F选项个“无论你认为自己是一个随意的还是有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？”切题。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atthedawnofthe20thcentury,Bagretsov,theSvyatonosskylighthouse-keeper,losthissight.Firsthefound___21___writinginthelogbook.Laterhenoticedthathewas___22___tomakeouttheshipsonthehorizon.ButBagretsovwasa___23___man.Besides,hiswifehelpedhimoutwiththemorecomplicatedtasks.Andso,___24___askingtoretire,determinedtoremaininpost,hesentnotificationtothemanagerwho,havingbeenmostimpressedbytheexcellentoperatingconditions,assigned(指派)a(n)___25___tohim.Lifeinthelighthouse___26___asnormaluntil1913whenageneral’sshipturnedup___27___onthelighthouse.AnumberofopportunistskeentotakeBagretsov’splacehadsent___28___claimingagainandagainthatitwasquiteimpossibletoentrusttheworkingofthisfacilitytosomeonewhocouldn’t___29___.Theunexpectedvisitwasintendedto___30___whethertherewasanytruthtotheseclaims.Followingaverythoroughinspection,thegeneralwroteinhisreport:Withthe___31___ofhiswifeandhisassistantwhois___32___withthemeteorological(气象的)observations,heis___33___ofmanagingallmattersrelatedtothelighthouse.Itisproperthatheshouldberewardedforsomanyyearsofgood___34___.Theblindlighthouse-keepercarriedouthis___35___untilthestartoftheRussianRevolution,thenpassingontheroletohisson.21.A.questions B.difficulties C.fun D.luck22.A.longing B.expecting C.struggling D.dreaming23.A.tough B.reliable C.brave D.disabled24.A.regardlessof B.inspiteof C.dueto D.farfrom25.A.conductor B.student C.assistant D.politician26.A.occurred B.discovered C.continued D.approached27.A.unannounced B.unarmed C.undamaged D.uninvolved28.A.signals B.letters C.orders D.messages29.A.see B.communicate C.observe D.imagine30.A.turnout B.letout C.findout D.pickout31.A.analysis B.discussion C.plan D.help32.A.charged B.equipped C.surrounded D.faced33.A.aware B.proud C.capable D.fond34.A.reputation B.performance C.treatment D.harvest35.A.work B.patent C.power D.theme【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了灯塔管理员巴格列佐夫失明，但他依然克服困难，坚守岗位，得到嘉奖的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，他发现自己在日志本上写作时遇到了困难。A.questions问题；B.difficulties困难；C.fun乐趣；D.luck运气。根据上文“Atthedawnofthe20thcentury,Bagretsov,theSvyatonosskylighthouse-keeper,losthissight.”可知，巴格列佐夫失去视力，所以在他写作时会有困难。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来他注意到自己在辨认地平线上的船只时很费力。A.longing渴望；B.expecting期待；C.struggling努力；D.dreaming梦想。根据上文“Atthedawnofthe20thcentury,Bagretsov,theSvyatonosskylighthouse-keeper,losthissight.Firsthefound____writinginthelogbook.”可知，他失去视力，起初是写作困难，后来辨认船只变得很吃力。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是巴格列佐夫个坚强的人。A.tough坚强的；B.reliable可靠的；C.brave勇敢的；D.disabled残疾的。根据下文“Besides,hiswifehelpedhimoutwiththemorecomplicatedtasks.”可知，他的妻子仍在帮助他完成复杂任务，所以巴格列佐夫在失明的情况下仍然在坚持工作，说明他是坚强的。故选A。【24题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，他不仅没有请求退休，反而决心继续留任，并向经理发送了通知。经理对灯塔优秀的运行状况印象深刻，于是指派了一位助手给他。A.regardlessof不顾；B.inspiteof尽管；C.dueto由于；D.farfrom远离，远非，完全不。根据下文“askingtoretire,determinedtoremaininpost,hesentnotificationtothemanager.”可知，他决心继续留任，并向经理发送了通知。所以他并没有要求退休，而是继续工作。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.conductor指挥；B.student学生；C.assistant助手；D.politician政治家。根据上文“Atthedawnofthe20thcentury,Bagretsov,theSvyatonosskylighthouse-keeper,losthissight.”以及下文“Withthe____ofhiswifeandhisassistantwhois____withthemeteorologicalobservations,heis____ofmanagingallmattersrelatedtothelighthouse.”可知，他失明了但在他的妻子和负责气象观测的助手的帮助下，他能够管理所有与灯塔相关的事务，所以空处指派的是助手。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：灯塔里的生活一如既往地继续着，直到1913年一艘将军的船突然未经宣布地出现在灯塔。A.occurred发生；B.discovered发现；C.continued继续；D.approached接近。根据下文“asnormaluntil1913whenageneral’sshipturnedup____onthelighthouse.”可知，生活像往常一样，所以是生活继续正常进行。故选C。【