专题07 7BU7-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）

专题077BU7-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析单元话题AbilitiesReading重点词汇、词组和句型Grammar情态动词can，could及may的用法；what和how各自引导的感叹句知识点囊括知识点囊括一、重点词组、句型1．Believeitornot!信不信由你!believeitornot!是口语中的常用句型。其完整形式是Whetheryoubelieveitornot．意为“无论／不管你相不相信’’或“信不信由你’’。2．Lookout，Eddie!埃迪，当心!lookout相当于takecare／becareful，用于提醒或引起别人的注意。如：Ifyoudon’tlookout，youmayfallontheice．如果不小心的话，你会在冰上摔倒的。3．Wecansendsometothem．我们可以送一些(衣服和鞋子)给他们。send是及物动词，意为“发送，寄；派遣，打发’’，可接双宾语。如：ShesentmeaChristmascard．=ShesentaChristmascardtome．她给我寄来一张圣诞贺卡。Hesenthissontoreturnthebookstothelibrary．他打发他儿子把书还给图书馆。4．homefamiliesarenotevenabletopayforpensandnotebooks．一些孩子甚至不能支付书本费。(1)beableto意为“能’’，与can意思相同，当它们表示能力的时候，是同义的。但也有区别：①can只有两种时态，即can和could，而beableto有多种时态。②表示过去通过努力终于做成了某事要用beableto，而不能用can。如：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefrom,thefireintime．所有的人都能及时地从大火中逃生。③can可以表示猜测，beableto不可以。can的这种用法主要用于疑问句和否定句。(2)payfor意为“支付"，pay．．．for．．．意为“花(钱)买……"。如：Ican’tpayforthehouse．我支付不了这房子钱。Wepaidmuchmoneyforthefood．我们花了许多钱买了这些食物。5．Wecanraisesomemoneyforthemtobuythesethings．我们可以为他们募集一些钱去买这些东西。raise意为“募集；饲养；举起’’。如：Heraisedhiseyesfromhiswork．他停下工作举目观望。It’sdifficulttoraiseafamilyonasmallincome．依靠微薄的收入是很难养家的。6．Hewasbraveenoughtosavehisneighbourfromafire．他非常英勇地把他的邻居救出。(1)enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置。(2)save意为“救，救助；节约；储蓄’’，savesb．from意为“把某人从……救出’’。如：Thedoctorsavedhismother’slife．那位医生救了他妈妈的命。Thetallmansavedherfromthefiretwodaysago．那位高个子男子两天前把她从大火里救了出来。7．Herleftlegwasbadlyhurtandshecouldnotgetout．她的左腿伤得很重，她出不来了。hurt意为“疼’’，是不及物动词，作“伤害’’讲时是及物动词。如：Hehurthimselfontheway、tothetheatre．他在去戏院的途中伤了自己。Myrightearhurtlastweek．上星期我的右耳受伤了。8．Hepouredwateroverhisclothestoprotecthimself．他把水倾倒在衣服上来保护自己。(1)动词不定式toprotecthimself作目的状语。(2)pour是及物动词，意为“倒，倾倒’’。如：Don’tpourtherubbishintotheriver．不要把垃圾倒进河里。9．Latersomefiremancameandputoutthefire．后来一些消防员赶来扑灭了火。putout意为“扑灭，熄灭；关掉’’。如：Sheputoutthefirewithablanket．她用毯子扑灭了火。·10．Fireisverydangerous．Weshouldbecarefulwithit．大火是危险的。我们应该小心对待它。careful是形容词，意为“小心的，仔细的’’，它的反义词是careless(粗心的)。becareful意为“小心，当心’’，相当于takecare／lookout。becarefulwith意为“对……小心谨慎’’。如：Becarefulwithfire．当心火。11．First，hefoundoutthathisneighbour’sbathroomwasonfire．首先，他发现他邻居的浴室着火了。onfire意为“着火了"，表示状态，相当于beburning。如：IfoundJim’shouseonfirewhenIgotthere．当我到那儿时发现吉姆的房子着火了。12．Imakeacallonyourmobile．我用你的手机打个电话。mak6acall意为“打电话"，同义词组有：ringsb．up，givesb．acall／ring，callsb．13．Shedoeswellin．．．．她在……方面做得好。dowellin--begoodat--do．．．verywell意为“在……方面做得好’’。如：Theydidwellinthesportsmeeting．他们在运动会中表现很好。14．Istartedtoplaytheviolinattheageofsix．我在六岁时开始弹奏小提琴。attheageofsix意为“在六岁’’，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。15．1wouldliketorecommendDanielforthisyear’sYoungStarAward．我想要推荐丹尼尔荣获今年的“新星奖’’。recommendsb．for．．．意为“推荐某人荣获……"recommendsb．as／tobe意为“推荐某人做(某个职位)’’。如：Weallrecommendhimtobe／asourmonitor．我们都推荐他做我们的班长。16．HeisamemberofourProjectHopegroupandoftentakespartinactivities．他是我们希望工程小组的一员并经常参加(小组的)活动。(1)beamemberof—bein意为“成为……的一员，参加了……"。(2)takepartin意为“参加"，它的宾语多为某种活动，可以与joinin互换使用；join后多接某个组织或团体。如：Youcanjoinin／takepartinplantingtrees．你可以参加植树。WhendidyoujointheLeague?你何时入团的?17．Lastweek，afive-year-oldboylosthiswayandwascryinginthestreet．上个星期，一个五岁大的男孩迷了路，在大街上一直哭。(1)five-year—old意为“5岁大的’’，是复合形容词。复合形容词只能作前置定语，不能单独做表语。如：a20-metre-highbuilding一幢20米高的楼房(2)loseone’sway—getlost意为“迷路"。如：HelosthiswayinShanghailastyear．去年他在上海迷了路。二、语法Grammar(一)情态动词can，could及may的用法1．用can与could来谈论能力。can用于谈论现在或将来的能力，could谈论过去的能力。如：Icanfinishtheworktomorrow．我明天能完成这项工作。Shecouldswimattheageoffive．她五岁就能游泳了。2．用can，could，may请求允许。can主要用于好朋友之间；could语气上比can委婉、礼貌，用于上司领导、师生之间以及长辈、陌生人等，可用may替换，但没有may正式。如：一MayIaskyouaquestion，sir?我可以问你一个问题吗?一Yes，youmay．是的，你可以。(二)感叹句感叹句的结构Whataninterestingbookitis!What+n.+主谓Howcarefulsheis!/Howhardheworked!How+adj./adv.+主谓What型【句型一】What/+a/an+形容词+名词/+主语+谓语！Whataninterestingstoryitis!(这是个)多么有趣的故事啊！【句型二】What/+形容词+名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！Whatfineweatheritis!多好的天气啊！Whatfunitistohaveapicnic!去野餐多开心啊！常考不可数名词归纳：工作work时间time坐在家具furniture上听到了有趣fun的天气weather信息information和消息news提出了建议adviceHow型

【句型】How/+形容词/副词/+主语+谓语！Howclevertheboyis!这个男孩多么聪明啊！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快啊！做题步骤1.找所要求改写的句子的主谓，先找谓语动词，再找主语；2.划去主谓后剩形容词或副词则选how;剩含有形容词的名词短语或名词，则选what;3.选用what时，切记要看名词是可数还是不可数，可数时是元音音素开头还是辅音音素开头。三、词组归纳1、believeitornot信不信由你13、playwithmatches玩火柴2、lookout留神，当心14、becarefulwith小心3、planttrees植树15、beonfire着火了4、cleanupthepark把公园打扫干净16、inthenewspaper在报纸上5、giveaseattosomeoneonthebus在公交车上给某人让座17、workhardonthesubject努力学习这门功课6、collectthingsforProjectHope为希望工程筹集物品18、pourwateroverhisclothes把水泼在他的衣服上7、visitanoldpeople’shome拜访老年公寓19、bytheway顺便问一下；顺便说说8、rushintothekitchen冲进厨房20、asfastaslight像光一样快9、do/tryone’sbest尽某人最大的努力21、dowellin…在……方面做得好10、raisesomemoneyforthem为他们募集资金attheageof…在……岁时11、putoutthefire扑灭火23、takepartin参加12、beinhospital生病住院24、lose(lost)one’sway迷路13.beforehisparentscame在他父母来之前25.gettheward获得奖项易错题分析易错题分析语法部分：1.Thelittleboysavedhisclassmatesintheearthquake.______braveboyhewas!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan2.YaoMingisanexcellentChinesebasketballplayer.(改为感叹句)_____________excellentChinesebasketballplayerYaoMingis!3.__________unusualUFOtheysawjustnow!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan4.Itisveryfasttotravelbyunderground.(改为感叹句)_____________itistotravelbyunderground!5._____________usefulpieceofadviceshegaveus！A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan【答案】BWhatanDHowfastC词汇句型部分：一、单词拼写1.Mysistersawalotof_______________(烟)fromnextdoorjustnow.2.—CanIhavethe_______________(座位),please?—Sorry.It’sforthatmotherwithalittleboy.3.Thepolicetrytheirbestto_______________(保护)thepeoplearound.4.Suzyplaysbasketballwell.Shewillgetintotheschoolteamnext_______________(学期).5.Therearemany_______________(火柴)inthebox.Don’tplaywiththem.6.TheEnglishteacher_______________(点头)whenTomansweredthequestionswell.7.Thefiremanrushedintothehouseand_______________(救)thatoldwoman.8.Weretheoldhouses_______________(严重地)damaged(损坏)intheearthquake？9.Howmanyphotosdidyoutakewiththenew_______________(相机)?10.Sheis_______________(倒)hotwaterintothesecupsforthevisitors.【答案】1.smoke2.seat3.protect4.term5.matches6.nodded7.saved8.badly9.camera10.pouring二、动词填空1.Wow,thecaketastesbad.Who_______________(make)it?2.Howamazingitis_______________(see)somanybeautifulbutterflies!3.Look!Howhappyyourmother_______________(look)!4.—Thankyouforthedeliciousfoodlastnight.—I’mgladyou_______________(enjoy)it.5.Look!TherearesomeYoungPioneers_______________(clean)upthepark.6.Manyyearsagopeopledidn’tknowthatMoon_______________(go)aroundEarth.7.Ifsheisn’tfreetomorrow,she_______________(nottake)partintheparty.8.MymotherwasmakingbreakfastwhenI_______________(wake)upthismorning.9.Can’tyouseethemanwithtwoboys_______________(fly)kitesinthefield?10.—_______________Amy_______________(hear)theloudnoiseagainlastnight?—No.【答案】1.made2.tosee3.looks4.enjoyed5.cleaning6.goes7.won’ttake8.woke9.flying10.Did,hear三、完成句子1.消防员们(firemen)用了多长时间扑灭了那场火？_______________________________________________________thefire?2.他能给你演示如何弹钢琴吗？Canhe______________________________________________________thepiano?3.那一刻任何事情都有可能发生在我们身上。__________________________________________________atthatmoment.4.火很危险，因此我们应该让小孩远离它。Fireisverydangerous,soweshould____________________________________.5.她的歌听起来多么优美啊！How____________________________________________________________!6.昨晚我看见他从大火中救出了一个八岁的小女孩。多勇敢的年轻人啊！Isawhim_____________________________________lastnight.Whatabraveyoungman!7.李云迪七岁开始学弹钢琴。LiYundibegantolearn__________________________________________________seven.【答案】1.Howlongdidittakethefirementoputout/didthefiremenspendputtingout2.showyouhowtoplay3.Anythingmighthappentous4.keepthechildrenawayfromit5.beautifulhersongsounds6.saveaneight-year-oldgirlfromafire7.toplaythepianoattheageof/whenhewas四、单项填空()1.Don’tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrive_______thetunnel(隧道).A.pastB.acrossC.overD.through()2._______importantinformationshegavemeyesterday!A.WhataB.HowC.WhatanD.What()3.—Doyouheartherewas_______fireinthehospitallastnight?—Yes._______firewasterrible.A.the;TheB./;AC.the;AD.a;The()4.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds_______iteveryday.A.practisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisespeakingD.topractisetospeak()5.—Can’tyousingthissonginEnglish?—_______.Letmesingitforyou.A.Yes,IcanB.No,Ican’tC.Yes,Ican’tD.No,Ican()6.Icouldnot_______outbecauseI_______myleg.A.get;hurtB.get;hurtedC.got;hurtD.got;hurted()7.Ioftenhearthelittlegirl_______inherroom.Listen,she_______.A.singing;issingingB.sing;singingC.sing;issingingD.issinging;issinging()8.ZhangHuaspends_______onEnglish.Nowheis_______atit.A.enoughtime;enoughgoodB.enoughoftime;enoughgoodC.enoughoftime;goodenoughD.enoughtime;goodenough()9.MrLiuwasgladthatthegirlsthere_______theviolin.A.canplayB.areabletoplayC.wereabletoplayD.couldbeabletoplay()10.—Excuseme,Sir.Butsmokingisnotallowed(允许)here.—Sorry,Ididn’tseethesign.I’ll_______mycigarette(香烟)atonce.A.putoutB.putawayC.putupD.putoff()11.Don’tleavetheTV_______.A.onB.offC.closeD.open()12.—_______themantherebeourEnglishteacher?—He_______be,butI’mnotsure.A.May;mustn’tB.Can;mayC.Can;can’tD.May;can’t()13.Allofushope_______theaward.A.hertogetB.hergettingC.shegetD.shewillget()14._______excitingnews!Wewillhavea_______holidayaftertheexam.A.Whatan;twomonthsB.Howan;twomonthsC.What;two-monthD.How;twomonths’()15.Mymotherisill_______hospital.Ihavetolookafterher_______hospital.A.in;intheB.in;inaC.inthe;inD.atthe;at()16.—Whendidyou_______fromyourbrother?—Well,I_______fromhimlastmonth.A.hearaletter;gotB.get;heardC.getaletter;heardD.hear;heardaletter()17._______greatfunhehad_______Englishsongs!A.How;practisesi