建筑结51课件讲解

建筑结构ArchitecturalStructures课程导入CourseIntroduction超大建筑规模SuperLargeScaleBuilding空前施工难度UnprecedentedConstructionDifficulty顶尖建造技术Cutting-edgeConstructionTechniques需满足120年使用寿命MustMeetaLifespanof120Years混凝土强度等级的划分和选择DivisionandSelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades2.5结构设计基本原理BasicPrinciplesofStructuralDesign目录

CONTENTS混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades1混凝土强度等级选用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades2混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGradesPARTONE混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades水泥Cement砂（细骨料）Sand(fineaggregate)石（粗骨料）Stone(coarseaggregate)水Water混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土立方体抗压强度CompressiveStrengthofConcreteCubesfcu测试方法：长宽高均为150mm立方体标准试件，标准条件（即：温度20±3℃，相对湿度≥90%）下养护28天，测得具有95%保证率立方体抗压强度标准值，用符号fcu，k表示。Thetestmethodis:usingcubestandardspecimenswithdimensionsof150mmoneachside,curedfor28daysunderstandardconditions(i.e.,temperatureof20±3°C,relativehumiditynotlessthan90%),thestandardvalueofcompressivestrengthofcubeswitha95%guaranteerate,denotedbythesymbolfcu,k,ismeasured.混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土立方体抗压强度CompressiveStrengthofConcreteCubesfcuC30混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值为30N/mm²，即30MPa。Thestandardvalueofconcrete'scubecompressivestrengthis30N/mm²,whichisequivalentto30Mpa.混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades《混凝土结构设计规范》（GB50010-2010）"CodeforDesignofConcreteStructures"(GB50010-2010)C15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80高强混凝土High-strengthconcrete混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades以棱柱体为试件来表示混凝土抗压强度。Thecompressivestrengthofconcreterepresentedbyprismaticspecimens.混凝土轴心抗压强度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土的轴心抗压强度比立方体强度更接近构件中混凝土实际受压时的强度，是混凝土结构设计计算中的重要强度指标。Theaxialcompressivestrengthofconcreteisclosertotheactualstrengthofconcreteundercompressioninstructuralmemberscomparedtocubestrength.Itservesasanimportantstrengthindicatorinconcretestructuraldesigncalculations.混凝土轴心抗压强度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades棱柱体试件高宽比一般为2～3，我国通常取150mm×150mm×300mm棱柱体试件，用标准试验方法测得的具有95％保证率的抗压强度。Theheight-to-widthratioofprismaticspecimensisgenerally2-3.InChina,prismspecimenswithdimensionsof150mm×150mm×300mmarecommonlyused,andthecompressivestrengthwitha95%guaranteerateisobtainedusingstandardtestmethods.混凝土轴心抗压强度Axialcompressivestrengthofconcretefc混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades考虑结构中混凝土强度与试件混凝土强度间差异引入的修正系数。Thecorrectionfactorconsideringthedifferencebetweentheconcretestrengthinthestructureandthestrengthofthetestspecimen.

混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades脆性折减系数Thebrittlereductioncoefficient：C40：C80：混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades除抗压强度，对于不允许裂缝出现的混凝土受拉构件，还需验算构件抗拉强度。Inadditiontoconsideringcompressivestrength,forconcretetensilememberswherecrackingisnotallowed,thetensilestrengthofthemembersalsoneedstobechecked.混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土轴心抗拉强度：ftTensileStrengthofConcreteinAxialDirection:ft钢筋混凝土结构计算抗裂度重要指标Thecalculationofcrackresistanceisanimportantindicatorforreinforcedconcretestructures直接拉伸试验Directtensiletest劈裂试验Splittingtest两端所埋的钢筋不易对中，实测数据偏差较大，较少采用。Reinforcementburiedatbothendsisdifficulttoalign,resultinginsignificantdeviationsinmeasureddata.Asaresult,itislesscommonlyused.100100150150500混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades劈裂试验SplittingtestF：劈拉破坏时的荷载F:Theloadatsplittingfailured：圆柱体直径或立方体试件的边长d:ThediameterofthecylinderortheedgelengthofthecubespecimenddftsFFFF混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades实际工程中混凝土多处于复杂受力状态Inactualengineering,concreteisoftensubjectedtocomplexstressstates

1=fcc

1=fcc

2=

3=fLfL—侧向约束压应力fL-LateralConfinementStress有侧向约束时的抗压强度Thecompressivestrengthwithlateralconfinement无侧向约束时圆柱体的单轴抗压强度Theunconfinedcompressivestrengthofacylinderwithoutlateralconfinement混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades对于纵向受压混凝土，约束混凝土侧向变形，可使混凝土抗压强度和延性有较大提高。实际工程中常用钢管混凝土柱、螺旋钢箍柱等形式。Forlongitudinallycompressedconcrete,restrainingthelateraldeformationofconcretecangreatlyincreaseitscompressivestrengthandductility.Inactualengineering,formssuchasconcrete-filledsteeltubecolumnsandspiralreinforcedconcretecolumnsareoftenused.混凝土强度等级划分ClassificationofConcreteStrengthGrades混凝土强度标准值（N/mm2）StandardValueofConcreteStrength强度类型TypeofStrength混凝土强度等级ConcreteStrengthGradeC15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80fck10.013.416.720.123.426.829.632.435.538.541.544.547.450.2ftk1.271.541.782.012.202.392.512.642.742.852.932.993.053.11混凝土强度设计值（N/mm2）DesignValueofConcreteStrength强度类型TypeofStrength混凝土强度等级ConcreteStrengthGradeC15C20C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75C80fc7.209.6011.914.316.719.121.123.125.327.529.731.833.835.9ft0.911.101.271.431.571.711.801.891.962.042.092.142.182.22混凝土抗拉强度大约为抗压强度的1/10Thetensilestrengthofconcreteisapproximately1/10ofitscompressivestrength混凝土强度等级选用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGradesPARTTWO混凝土强度等级选用SelectionofConcreteStrengthGrades《混凝土结构设计规范》（GB50010-2010）"CodeforDesignofConcreteStructures"(GB50010-2010)12３素混凝土结构的混凝土强度等级不应低于C15TheconcretestrengthgradeofplainconcretestructuresshouldnotbelowerthanC15钢筋混凝土结构的混凝土强度等级不应低于C20TheconcretestrengthgradeofreinforcedconcretestructuresshouldnotbelowerthanC20采用400MPa及以上钢筋，混凝土强度等级不低于C25Whenusingsteelbarswithayieldstrengthof400M