语法一　名词+考点2　名词的数+名词的所有格课件 中考英语语法专题探究

语法一名词第2部分语法专题探究考点精讲试题精练链接中考考点2名词的数考点精讲1.可数名词及其单复数(1)可数名词单数变复数的规则变化分类情况变化规则例子一般情况在词尾加-sbiscuit→①____________(2024.28),feeling→feelings(2024.76),foreigner→foreigners(2023.77)以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词在词尾加-esbus→buses,brush→brushes,watch→②___________，box→③____________特例：stomach→stomachsbiscuits

watches

boxes

分类情况变化规则例子以元音字母加-y结尾的名词在词尾加-stoy→toys,day→days,key→④____________以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词变y为i，再加-esbaby→babies,family→families,factory→⑤____________keys

factories

分类情况变化规则例子以字母f或fe结尾的名词在词尾加-sroof→roofs,belief→beliefs变f/fe为v，再加-es【巧学妙记】妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf)后保己(self)命(life)，半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。两者皆可scarf→scarfs/scarves分类情况变化规则例子以o结尾的名词表示有生命的人和事物的词加-eshero→heroes,potato→potatoes,tomato→⑥____________【巧学妙记】英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿。表示无生命的事物的词加-sphoto→⑦____________，piano→pianostomatoes

photos

【注意】(1)有些以-s结尾的名词，不是复数名词。如：physics物理maths数学politics政治news新闻(2)chopsticks,glasses(眼镜),scissors,trousers,jeans等词一般以复数形式出现，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但若被apairof修饰，谓语动词则用单数形式。(3)常见的集体名词①形式为单数，但意义可以为单数和复数，如family,public,class,crowd,team,couple等。当它们作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调集体中的每一个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如：②形式为单数，但意义一般为复数，如people,police,staff等。如：Thepolicearetryingtofindasolution.警方正在努力寻找解决办法。(2)可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化分类情况例子a→eman→men,woman→women,policeman→⑧____________oo→eefoot→⑨____________，tooth→teeth单复数同形sheep,deer特例：fish(指条数)→fish,fish(指种类)→fishes,fish(指鱼肉)是不可数名词特殊变化mouse→mice,child→childrenpolicemen

feet

分类情况例子某国人Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese,Englishman→Englishmen,Frenchman→Frenchmen【巧学妙记】中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。复合名词第一部分是man或woman时，两部分都变复数形式Amanteacher→twomenteachers,awomandoctor→two⑩_____________把后面的中心词变为复数形式Agirlstudent→twogirlstudents,anappletree→two⑪_________womendoctors

appletrees

2.不可数名词不可数名词没有复数形式，且不能用基数词或a/an直接修饰。

(1)不可数名词的量化，即“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”变复数时，把a/an变为具体数词，量词变为复数。如：aglass/boxofmilk一杯/盒牛奶twoglassesofwater两杯水(2)既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词的词常见的此类名词有：名词可数不可数time次数；倍数时间；时刻experience经历经验paper报纸；试卷；论文纸张life性命；一生生命；生物glass眼镜；玻璃杯玻璃wood树林木头；木材名词可数不可数room房间空间orange橙子橙汁exercise习题；练习锻炼；运动work作品工作chicken鸡鸡肉word单词；说的话消息(3)修饰可数名词和不可数名词的常见限定词类别例子只能修饰可数名词的限定词many很多several一些few不多；很少afew一些a(great/large)numberof许多acoupleof一对只能修饰不可数名词的限定词much很多little很少；极少量的alittle少量alargeamountof大量的agreatdealof很多abitof一点儿两者皆可修饰的限定词all全部some一些most大多数的alotof/lotsof很多plentyof大量，众多链接中考名词的数在选词填空中的应用(必考，每年2～3道)广西中考的选词填空往往考查2～3个名词，近两年均考查了名词单复数形式的变化。【解题思路】(1)首先，判断空格处所填单词为可数名词还是不可数名词；(2)若为不可数名词(无复数形式)，可直接填入；(3)若为可数名词，需判断应填单数形式还是复数形式。方法如下：填单数形式(1)a/an/one＋名词单数；(2)this/that/every/each/either/another＋名词单数；(3)名词单数(作主语)＋谓语动词单数。如：

Kate’s①____________(desk)isingoodorderandeverythingisinitsproperplace.desk

填复数形式(1)大于1的基数词＋名词复数；(2)many/these/those/few/both/all/several等限定词＋名词复数；(3)alotof/anumberof/acoupleof/apairof/“oneof(＋the＋形容词最高级)”等＋名词复数；(4)名词复数(作主语)＋谓语动词复数。如：Chinesefamily②____________(member)usuallyliketogettogether,especiallyduringfestivals.【注意】

若空格前没有上述标志词，可根据上下文语境或隐形标志词(原词、近反义词、上下义词、语义关联词等)来决定所填名词的单复数形式。members

celebrate

close

feeling

they

favorite

write

quietly

radio

because

without(2024广西76题、81题选词填空节选)Musichasmagic.Differentkindsofmusicbringyoudifferent76.____________.Forexample,rockmusicmakesyouexcitedwhileclassicalmusicmakesyourelaxed…It’seasytogetmusicinyourlife.Youcanjustturnonthe81.____________andlistentodifferentkindsofmusicforfun.解析：76题：根据“Forexample,rockmusicmakesyouexcited…”可知，不同的音乐会带给你不同的感觉，所以此空选feeling，又因空前有different，应用其复数形式。故填feelings。81题：根据下文“listentodifferentkindsofmusic”和备选词可推断，你可以打开收音机收听不同类型的音乐。故填名词radio。试题精练一、选词填空基础练hero

confidence

term

leaf

womandoor

paper

video

sheep

tourist1.I’dliketowritesomething.Pleasegivemeapieceof________．2.The________arefedwellbythefarmer.Allofthemlookfat.3.(2024成都改编)Forashystudent,ittakes_____________togiveaspeechinclass.4．Moreandmore___________cometovisitXinjiangthisyearbecauseoftheTVshow.paper

sheep

confidence

tourists

5.Inautumn,the_________ofthetreesalongtheriverturnyellow.6.(2024安徽改编)Every_______isanewbeginningforallthestudentsandteachers.7.Ourhospitalneedsseveral________doctors.Youcanaskyourdaughtertohaveatry.8.Youcanlearntocookbywatchingsome_________aboutmakingdeliciousfoodonDouyin.9.(2024自贡改编)It’sgoodtoopenthe_______andthewindowinthemorningtoletfreshairin.10.(2024达州改编)Alotof_________losttheiryounglivesforthelong-lastingpeaceofourcountry.leaves

term

women

videos

door

heroes

二、选词填空微语篇(2024湖北改编)(主题：人与自然·首届垃圾收集世界杯难度：★★★用时：5分钟)根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。country

problem

animal

idea

lifeDoyoubelievepickinguprubbishhasbecomeaworldcompetition?InNovemberof2023,thefirstSpoGomiWorldCupwasheldinAsia.TeamsfromJapanand20other1.____________tookpartinit.Accordingtotherules,eachteamwillhave90minutestocollectrubbishasmuchascountries

possible.Britainfinallywonthefirstprize.“Wehopemorepeoplearoundtheworldwillpayattentiontoallkindsofenvironmental2.________，”saidaBritishteammember.WhenKen,thefounder(创始人)ofthecompetition,wasinterviewed,hetalkedabouthowhecameupwiththe3._______.Yearsago,hefoundmanysea4.__________diedaftertheyatetherubbishinthesea.Sohestartedtopickuprubbishonhiswaytothebeacheverymorning.“Pickingupapieceofrubbishmaysaveaturtle’s(海龟的)5._____.It’salsoagoodwaytokeepthebeachclean,”Kensaid.problems

idea

animals

life

三、选词填空(主题：人与自我·台上十分钟，台下十年功难度：★★★★用时：8分钟)根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。practice

journey

course

actor

weight

skill

pronunciation

foot

time

chanceWhenIwaseightyearsold,IbecameinterestedinBeijingopera.WhenIwatchedthose1._________dancingandsingingbeautifullyonTV,Iwastouched.ItoldmymomthatIwantedtolearnthewonderfulart,actors

andshesentmetotakea(n)2._________inBeijingopera.Iwasveryexcited.Sincethen,I’vebeenonmy3.__________oflearningBeijingoperaforfiveyears.Duringthoseyears,Ihadtowakeupatsixo’clockeverymorningtoimprovethekey4._________，suchaslegexercises,voicetrainingandsoon.Whenpracticinghandstands(倒立),allthe5._________wasonmyarmsandIalmostcried.Andtomakemy6.________________better,Ireadthelinesloudlyandquickly.Itmademymouthhurt,butIdidn’tgiveup.course

journey

skills

weight

pronunciation

Once,Ifelldownandhurtmytwo7._______andkneeswhilepracticing.Thatmadeitdifficultformetogoupanddownstairsforalong8._____．Asthesayinggoes,“Oneminuteonstageneedstenyears’9.________offstage.”AllthehardworkwasworthitwhenIgota(n)10._________toperformBeijingoperainpublic.Lastmonth,IperformedapartfromThe

Drunken

Concubine(《贵妃醉酒》)duringashowonTV.Beijingoperaputstogetherdifferentpartsoftheaterlikewriting,music,paintingandcostumes.Thecharm(魅力)andbeautyofthisartformistimeless(永恒的).feet

time

practice

chance

考点精讲试题精练

名词所有格考点精讲1.-’s所有格类别用法例子单数名词一般在词尾加’stheboy’smother这个男孩的母亲，Jack’sbook杰克的书，

①____________(yesterday)newspaper昨天的报纸复数名词以-s结尾的加’these②____________(customer)requirements这些顾客们的要求，twohours’rest两小时的休息不以-s结尾的加’sChildren’sDay儿童节，Women’sDay妇女节yesterday’s

customers’

类别用法例子表示某物为每个人各自所有各名词词尾均需加’sJane’sandLucy’spencils简的铅笔和露西的铅笔表示某物为几个人共同拥有在最后一个名词词尾加’sLucyandLily’sroom露西和莉莉的房间表示某人的家、诊所、店铺等在词尾加’s,且常常省略其后的名词myuncle’s我叔叔家，thedoctor