浙江省浙江省金丽衢十二校2024-2025学年高三第一次联考英语试题 含解析

金丽衢十二校2024学年高三第一次联考英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。第I卷1至7页，第II卷7至8页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题共95分）注意事项：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatisthemandoing?A．Makingaconsultation.B．Rentingaguitar.C．Organizingaparty.2．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Salespersonandcustomer.B．Brotherandsister.C．Classmates.3．Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheconcert?A．Itwasterrible.B．Itwasaverage.C．Itwaspleasant.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Aweekendplan.B．Anewcompany.C．Ajobopportunity.5．Whydoesthewomanlooktired?A．Shewalkedalongdistance.B．Shedidtoomuchhousework.C．Sheplayedtennisafterschool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whydidn'tthemangettheinjuredwomanoutofthecar?A．Hecouldn'topenthedoor.B．Hewasafraidofacarexplosion.C．Hedidn'twanttoworsenherwounds.7．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Ontheroad.B．Inahospital.C．Overthephone.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthesofaatthebeginning?A．Thesize.B．Thecolor.C．Thestyle.9．Whatdoesthemansayabouttheoldsofa?A．Itisheavy.B．Itissmall.C．Itiscomfortable.10．Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A．Lookatothersofas.B．Gotoanotherstore.C．Waitforasale.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatdoesthemanmostprobablydo?A．He'sahotelclerk.B．He'sataxidriver.C．He'satravelagent.12．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Callataxibyherself.B．Packherbagsinadvance.C．Setoffearlytocatchtheflight.13．Howlongdoesittakethewomantogetready?A．Abouthalfanhour.B．Aboutanhour.C．Aboutoneandahalfhours.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．WhyisthemangoingtoMontrealnextsummer?A．Todosomebusiness.B．Toattendawedding.C．Totakeacourse.15．WhatdoweknowaboutQuebecCity?A．ItisthecapitalofQuebecProvince.B．ItisfarfromtheSt.LawrenceRiver.C．ItisthebiggestcityinQuebecProvince.16．WhatdoesthewomanmentionaboutQuebecCityatlast?A．Thecoldwinter.B．Thebeautifulriver.C．Theancientbuildings.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A．Tointroducenewteacherstostudents.B．Toinformstudentsoftheschedulefortoday.C．Toexplainsomenewschoolfacilitiestostudents.18．Whenwillstudentshaveabreak?A．At10:30.B．At10:45.C．At11:00.19．Whowillhandoutbooksinreception?A．Rebecca.B．Stewart.C．Anna.20．Whatwillstudentsdointheafternoon?A．Haveawrittentest.B．Listentoalecture.C．Doaself-assessment.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheChineseUniversityofHongKong(CUHK)providesavarietyofactivitiesandservicestoassiststudentstoexploreandexperiencedifferentaspectsofuniversitylifeandtomakethebestoutofit.Theseincludesupportingstudentactivitiesandstudentbodies,servicesfornon-localstudents,mental-wellnesspromotionaswellascareerplanninganddevelopment.Thisaimstoenhancestudentspotentialdevelopmentaswellastheirholisticpersonalgrowth.Off-CampusHousingInformationCentre(OCHIC)Learningenhancementservicesandoff-campushousinginformationareavailabletohelpnon-localstudentsnavigateadjustmentissuesandprovideinformationrelatedtorentalaccommodationoutsideoftheCUHKcampus.TheIndependentLearningCentre(ILC)TheIndependentLearningCentre(ILC)offersbothacademicandcareer-relatedsupportservicesinbothEnglishandChineseforallCUHKpostgraduatestudents.The2-hourworkshopsprovidepracticaltraininginspecificjournalpaperwriting,oral/posterpresentations,writingofliterature/systematicreviewsandmanyotherareastoassistourpostgraduatestudentsinspreadingtheirresearchfarandwide.InformationTechnologyServicesCentre(ITSC)ITSCsupportstheone-stopuniversityportalMy-CUHKwhichallowspersonalizedaccesstocloudemailservices,libraryservicesandtheChineseUniversityStudentInformationSystem(CUSIS)formanagingpersonalstudyparticulars.ITSCalsoprovidesITfacilities,onandoffcampusnetwork,eLearningsystems,onlinetrainingsandworkshops.CentreforLearningEnhancementAndResearch(CLEAR)CLEARorganizestheImprovingPostgraduateLearning(IPL)programmewithanaimtointroducetheapproaches,methodologiesandframeworktoequiptheworkofresearchersinaformalandstructuredmanner,toadvancetheUniversity'sexcellenceandscholarshipinteachingandlearning,andtoequippostgraduatestudentswithessentialskillsandknowledgefortheirresearch.TheChineseUniversityofHongKongLibrary(CUHKL)TheCUHKLibraryisaleadingresearchlibraryinEastAsiaandithasasignificantbilingualcollectionofelectronicandprintresources.Itsmissionistopartnerinthecreation,access,disseminationandpreservationofknowledgetoinspireandsupportCUHKinitsresearch,learningandteaching.TheCUHKLibraryworkscloselywiththestaffandstudents,andhasstrongcollaborativelinkswithotheruniversitylibrariesinHongKong,GreaterChinaandtheWorld.1.Whichwillofferspecialserviceforpost-graduates?A.ILC&CUHKL. B.ILC&CLEAR. C.OCHIC&ITSC. D.ILC&ITSC.2.Whatdoalltheserviceshaveincommon?A.Theyaremeanttoimprovestudents’academicperformance.B.Theyaretailoredtoguaranteethepersonalizedstudyforstudents.C.Theyaredesignedtomeettheneedsofstudentsonandoffcampus.D.Theyareintendedforensuringstudents’safetyandhealthon-campus.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acampusbrochure. B.Anacademicreport.C.Acurriculumguide. D.Anaccommodationguide.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港中文大学为促进学生全面发展和个人成长所提供的多种服务和支持。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheIndependentLearningCentre(ILC)部分“Learningenhancementservicesandoff-campushousinginformationareavailabletohelpnon-localstudentsnavigateadjustmentissuesandprovideinformationrelatedtorentalaccommodationoutsideoftheCUHKcampus.(学习增强服务和校外住宿信息旨在帮助非本地学生应对适应问题，并提供与CUHK校园外租赁住宿相关的信息)”以及“CLEARorganizestheImprovingPostgraduateLearning(IPL)programmewithanaimtointroducetheapproaches,methodologiesandframeworktoequiptheworkofresearchersinaformalandstructuredmanner,toadvancetheUniversity'sexcellenceandscholarshipinteachingandlearning,andtoequippostgraduatestudentswithessentialskillsandknowledgefortheirresearch.(CLEAR组织了提升研究生学习项目，旨在介绍方法、方法论和框架，以正式且结构化的方式装备研究人员的工作，推进大学在教学和学习方面的卓越性和学术水平，并为研究生提供研究所需的基本技能和知识)”可知，两者都明确提到了为所有的研究生提供支持和服务。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheChineseUniversityofHongKong(CUHK)providesavarietyofactivitiesandservicestoassiststudentstoexploreandexperiencedifferentaspectsofuniversitylifeandtomakethebestoutofit.Theseincludesupportingstudentactivitiesandstudentbodies,servicesfornon-localstudents,mental-wellnesspromotionaswellascareerplanninganddevelopment.(香港中文大学提供多种活动和服务，帮助学生探索和体验大学生活的不同方面，并使其得到最大程度的发展。这些活动和服务包括支持学生活动和学生组织、为非本地学生提供的服务、心理健康推广以及职业规划和发展)”可知，这些活动和服务包括支持学生活动和学生组织、为非本地学生提供的服务、心理健康推广以及职业规划和发展，所以它们旨在满足学生在校内和校外的需求。故选C【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheChineseUniversityofHongKong(CUHK)providesavarietyofactivitiesandservicestoassiststudentstoexploreandexperiencedifferentaspectsofuniversitylifeandtomakethebestoutofit.Theseincludesupportingstudentactivitiesandstudentbodies,servicesfornon-localstudents,mental-wellnesspromotionaswellascareerplanninganddevelopment.(香港中文大学提供多种活动和服务，帮助学生探索和体验大学生活的不同方面，并使其得到最大程度的发展。这些活动和服务包括支持学生活动和学生组织、为非本地学生提供的服务、心理健康推广以及职业规划和发展)”可知，主要介绍了香港中文大学提供多种活动和服务，所以文章出自校园手册。故选A。BCanashawl(披肩)bearwitnesstothestruggleforgirls’righttoeducation?WhenMalalaYousafzaigaveaspeechattheUnitedNationsheadquartersinNewYorkonhersixteenthbirthday,sheworeapinkshawl.Ontheplatform,hermessagehadneverbeenchangedevenwhenshesufferedattemptedmurderforherstrugglefortherightofgirlstoattendschoolanduniversity;“Onechild,oneteacher,onepenandonebookcanchangetheworld.”TheshawlispartoftheNobelPrizeMuseum’sexhibitionTheseThingsChangedtheWorld.Forthefirsttime,themuseumisdisplayingalargeselectionofitemsfromitscollectionofartefacts(人工制品)fromNobelPrizewinners.Theseobjectstellstoriesofremarkablediscoveriesandlifeachievements.Morethan250artefactsbearwitnesstorevolutionaryinventions,courageouspeaceefforts,groundbreakingideasandinnovativeliterature.IntheexhibitionTheseThingsChangedtheWorld,wecandiscoverhowourlifeandtheworldweliveinhavechangedthankstoresearchers,writersandactivistswhohaveworkedinthefieldsofscience,literatureandpeace.TheirdiscoveriesandaccomplishmentshavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeandhavegivenusnewperspectivesonourlivesandourfuture.Theexhibitionlooksatremarkablediscoveriesandachievements,basedonartefactsdonatedtothemuseum’scollectionbyNobelPrizelaureates.Theymixthemundaneandthepersonalwithbreathtakingexistentialandscientificquestions.Threein-depthdisplaysfocusonsomeofthebiggestquestionsfacinghumankind--thecosmos,humannatureandtheingredientsoflife.Whatdoeseverythingconsistof,andwhatdoweknowaboutblackholes?Whatdoestheriddleofageinglooklike?Whatdoweneedtoknowabouthumanconsciousness,humanrightsandartificiallifeinordertoshapeourfuture?Thestoriesoftheseartefactsshowhowthelaureates’discoveries,insights,storiesandpeaceeffortsmakelifelonger,saferandmoreunderstandableforyouandmanyothers.Welcometoexplorehowthesethingshavechangedtheworld.4.Whyaretheseartefactsonexhibition?A.Theyhavecarriedscientificvalues. B.Theyhavechangedthewholeworld.C.TheysawgrandNobelPrizeceremonies. D.Theywitnessedcrucialhistoricalmoments.5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs3and4?A.Theexhibitsarefromallfieldsofhumancivilizationandtechnology.B.TheexhibitsarecollectedandpurchasedfromtheNobelPrizewinners.C.Theexhibitionaimsatpromotingthepublic’srespectforNobellaureates.D.Theexhibitionhelpsushaveabetterunderstandingofourlifeandtheworld.6.Thelastparagraphaimsto________.A.offeraninvitation B.makeacomment C.presentanexplanation D.listnewevidence7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AnImpressiveShawl:AWitnesstoMiraclesB.AnIncredibleDisplay:AnOpportunityofAdmirationC.AnAmazingMuseum:AMustGoforNobelPrizeEnthusiastsD.AnEstablishedSoul:AnUnyieldingFighterforWomenRights【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔博物馆的展览，通过展品讲述了诺贝尔奖得主的科学发现、生活成就以及它们对世界的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Forthefirsttime,themuseumisdisplayingalargeselectionofitemsfromitscollectionofartefactsfromNobelPrizewinners.Theseobjectstellstoriesofremarkablediscoveriesandlifeachievements.Morethan250artefactsbearwitnesstorevolutionaryinventions,courageouspeaceefforts,groundbreakingideasandinnovativeliterature.(该博物馆首次从诺贝尔奖得主文物藏品中精选大量物品进行展出。这些物品讲述了非凡发现和人生成就的故事。超过250件文物见证了革命性的发明、勇敢的和平努力、开创性的思想和创新的文学作品。)”可知，这些物品见证了革命性的发明、勇敢的和平努力、开创性的想法和创新的文学，说明这些文物见证了重要的历史时刻。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheirdiscoveriesandaccomplishmentshavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeandhavegivenusnewperspectivesonourlivesandourfuture.Theexhibitionlooksatremarkablediscoveriesandachievements,basedonartefactsdonatedtothemuseum’scollectionbyNobelPrizelaureates.Theymixthemundaneandthepersonalwithbreathtakingexistentialandscientificquestions.(他们的发现和成就荣获了诺贝尔奖，并为我们的生活和未来提供了新的视角。本展览聚焦于诺贝尔奖得主捐赠给博物馆藏品中的非凡发现和成就。这些展品将日常琐事和个人经历与令人叹为观止的存在主义问题和科学问题相结合。)”以及第四段“Threein-depthdisplaysfocusonsomeofthebiggestquestionsfacinghumankind--thecosmos,humannatureandtheingredientsoflife.Whatdoeseverythingconsistof,andwhatdoweknowaboutblackholes?Whatdoestheriddleofageinglooklike?Whatdoweneedtoknowabouthumanconsciousness,humanrightsandartificiallifeinordertoshapeourfuture?(三个深入展览聚焦于人类面临的一些最大问题——宇宙、人性和生命的构成。万物由何构成？我们对黑洞了解多少？衰老之谜是什么样的？为了塑造我们的未来，我们需要了解哪些关于人类意识、人权和人造生命的知识。)”可知，这个展览有助于我们更好地了解我们的生活和世界。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Welcometoexplorehowthesethingshavechangedtheworld.(欢迎探索这些事情是如何改变世界的。)”可知，最后一段是在邀请读者去探索这些展品是如何改变世界的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TheshawlispartoftheNobelPrizeMuseum’sexhibitionTheseThingsChangedtheWorld.(这条披肩如今成为了诺贝尔和平奖博物馆展览“这些事物改变了世界”的一部分。)”以及最后一段“hestoriesoftheseartefactsshowhowthelaureates’discoveries,insights,storiesandpeaceeffortsmakelifelonger,saferandmoreunderstandableforyouandmanyothers.Welcometoexplorehowthesethingshavechangedtheworld.(这些展品的故事展示了诺贝尔奖得主们的发现、见解、事迹与和平努力如何使你和许多其他人的生活更加长久、安全且易于理解。欢迎探索这些事物是如何改变世界的。)”可知，文章主要介绍了诺贝尔博物馆的展览，通过展品讲述了诺贝尔奖得主的科学发现、生活成就以及它们对世界的影响，给人们提供了一次仰慕的机会。故选B。CMountEverest,aproductofacollision(碰撞)betweenEurasiaandtheIndiansubcontinent,theEarth’stallestmountainstanding8.85kilometersabovesealevel,isstillgrowing,continuingonanupwardmovementthatbeganattheirbirtharound50millionyearsago.Scientistsnowthinktheyknowthereasonwhy.Everest’sgrowthhastodowiththemajorjoiningoftwonearbyriversystems.TheKosiriverjoinedwiththeArunriveraround89,000yearsago,researchersestimated.Thischangeinthearea’sriversystemhasledtoEverestgainingaround15-50metersinheight.Thatsuggestsanupwardmovementrateofabout0.2-0.5millimetersperyear.Thegeologicalprocessatwork,researcherssaid,iscalledisostaticrebound.IsostaticreboundinvolvestheriseoflandmassesonEarth’scrustwhentheweightofthesurfacedeclines.Thecrust,Earth’soutermostpart,floatsatophot,semi-liquidrock.Inthiscase,thejoiningoftheriversresultedinincreasederosionwhichcarriedofflargeamountsofrockandsoil.ThisreducedtheweightoftheareanearEverest.“Isostaticreboundcanbelikenedtoafloatingobjectadjustingitspositionwhenweightisremoved,”saidJin-GenDaiofChinaUniversityofGeosciencesinBeijing.DaiisoneoftheleadersofthestudypublishedrecentlyinNatureGeoscience.“Whenaheavyload,suchasiceorerodedrock,isremovedfromtheEarth’scrust,thelandbeneathslowlyrisesinresponse,muchlikeaboatrisinginwaterwhenthegoodsinitisunloaded,”Daiadded.Theresearchers,whousednumericalmodelstostudy,estimatedthatisostaticreboundaccountsforonly10percentofEverest’syearlyupwardmovement,orupliftrate.Daisaidthattheresearchshowsourplanet’schangingnature.EvenaseeminglyunchangingelementlikeMountEverestis“subjecttoongoinggeologicalprocesses,remindingusthatEarthisconstantlychanging,ofteninimperceptiblewaysinourdailylives.”Thisgeologicalprocessisseeninotherplacesaroundtheworld.“AclassicexampleisinScandinavia,wherethelandisstillrisinginresponsetothemeltingofthickicesheetsthatcoveredtheregionduringthelastIceAge.Thisprocesscontinuestoday.”Daisaid.Studyco-writerAdamSmith,aUniversityCollegeLondondoctoralstudent,saidGPSmeasurementsshowthecontinuedrisingofEverestandtherestoftheHimalayas.Thisupliftisfasterthanthecontinuedsurfaceerosioncausedbywind,rainandriverflow.Asthiserosioncontinues,Everest’supliftratefromisostaticreboundmayincrease,Smithsaid.Neighboringmountains,includingLhotse,theworld’sfourthhighest,andMakalu,thefifthhighest,alsogetaboostfromthesameprocess.LhotseisexperiencinganupliftratesimilartoEverest.Makaluhasaslightlyhigherupliftrate.8.Whichofthefollowingprobablyresultsin“isostaticrebound”?A.Theweightofanobject’ssurfaceincreases.B.Allthegoodsissuddenlyunloadedfromaboat.C.Heavyloadsofrocksareremovedfromthesurface.D.RockandsoilkeepaccumulatingontheEarth’scrust.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordimperceptiblemeaninparagraph4?A.Incredible. B.Unnoticeable. C.Impressive. D.Distinctive.10.WhichofthefollowingdoesDaiagreewith?A.MountEverest’supliftbringssomeerodedrocks.B.MountEveresthasbeenrisingmerelyinrecentyears.C.Everest’srisingistheevidenceofthechangingnatureofEarth.D.IsostaticreboundisthemainfactorinEverest’supwardmovement.11.WhatdidAdamSmithintendtotellus?A.Everest’supliftisnotunique. B.GPShelpslittleintheresearch.C.SurfaceerosionwilldecreaseEverest’suplift. D.MakaluexperiencesaslowerupliftthanEverest.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的生长及其原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“IIsostaticreboundinvolvestheriseoflandmassesonEarth’scrustwhentheweightofthesurfacedeclines.Thecrust,Earth’soutermostpart,floatsatophot,semi-liquidrock.Inthiscase,thejoiningoftheriversresultedinincreasederosionwhichcarriedofflargeamountsofrockandsoil.ThisreducedtheweightoftheareanearEverest.(地壳均衡调整是指当地表重量减轻时，地球地壳上的陆地质量会上升。地壳是地球的最外层，漂浮在炽热、半液态的岩石之上。在这种情况下，河流的汇聚加剧了侵蚀作用，冲走了大量的岩石和土壤。这减轻了珠穆朗玛峰附近地区的重量)”可知，当地表的重量减少时，地壳上的陆地质量会上升，这就是地壳均衡调整。在这个例子中，河流的汇合导致侵蚀增加，带走了大量的岩石和土壤，从而减少了珠穆朗玛峰附近地区的重量。因此，地表上大量的岩石被移走可能导致地壳均衡调整。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“EvenaseeminglyunchangingelementlikeMountEverestis“subjecttoongoinggeologicalprocesses,remindingusthatEarthisconstantlychanging,ofteninimperceptiblewaysinourdailylives.”(即使是像珠穆朗玛峰这样看似不变的元素，也“处于持续的地质活动之中，这提醒我们，地球在不断变化，尽管这种变化在我们日常生活中往往imperceptible.”)”可知，这句话提醒我们地球在不断变化，通常在我们日常生活的难以察觉的方式中。所以imperceptible意思是“难以察觉的”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Daisaidthattheresearchshowsourplanet’schangingnature.EvenaseeminglyunchangingelementlikeMountEverestis“subjecttoongoinggeologicalprocesses,remindingusthatEarthisconstantlychanging,ofteninimperceptiblewaysinourdailylives.”(Dai说这项研究表明了我们这个星球不断变化的本性。即使是像珠穆朗玛峰这样看似不变的元素，也“处于持续的地质活动之中，这提醒我们，地球在不断变化，尽管这种变化在我们日常生活中往往难以察觉”)”可知，这项研究表明了我们星球不断变化的性质。即使是像珠穆朗玛峰这样看似不变的元素也受到持续的地质过程的影响，提醒我们地球在不断变化。因此珠穆朗玛峰的上升是地球不断变化的性质的证据。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Studyco-writerAdamSmith,aUniversityCollegeLondondoctoralstudent,saidGPSmeasurementsshowthecontinuedrisingofEverestandtherestoftheHimalayas.(该研究的合著者、伦敦大学学院博士生AdamSmith说，全球定位系统的测量结果表明，珠穆朗玛峰和喜马拉雅山脉的其他地区仍在继续上升)”可知，珠穆朗玛峰和喜马拉雅山其余地区仍在继续上升。因此，珠穆朗玛峰的上升不是独一无二的。故选A。DHowcanyougivethethingswebuynewliferatherthandumpingtheminlandfill?Therearethreesolutionscommonlyusedbycompaniesatpresent:Recycling:turningsomethingintothesameformofitself.Downcycling:transformingaproductintoaninferiorone,suchasgrindingrunningshoesdowntocreatethesurfaceofbasketballcourts.Upcycling:convertingaproductintoasuperiorform,suchasspinningsingle-useplasticbottlesintopolyesterfabricswhichmightbewornfordecades.Despitetheirbestintentions,allthesemethodscreatewasteatsomepointinthemanufacturingprocess,fromthepesticidesandfertilizersusedtogrowcrops,variouspollutantsinthewastewaterfromthefactoriesthatmakethem,togreenhousegasemissionsorheavymetalemissionsfromtheenergysourceandsoon.Themoreyouexaminetheentirelifecycleofaproduct,themoreyourealizethatwasteisalwayscreatedsomewhere.Butwhatifyoucoulddesignsomethingsothatnowastewascreatedatanypoint?EnterCradle-To-Cradle(C2C)manufacturing,avisionofhowwecouldandshouldmakethings,everythingfromshoestoshirtstofactoriestocities.Theconceptwasputforwardinthe1970sasaplayonthephrase“cradletograve”andwaslaterformalizedinthebest-sellingbookofthesamename,pennedbydesignchemistsMichaelBraungartandWilliamMcDonough.Thesimpleidea:“Re-makingthewaywemakethings.”TodaytheCradle-To-CradleProductsInnovationInstitute(C2CPⅡ)certifiesthousandsofproducts,rangingfromtyrestocarpets,soaptoconstructiontimber.ThecoreCradletoCradleconceptistomodelindustrialprocessesonnaturalones-whatisknownasthe“biomimetic”approach.Inthenaturalworld,thereisnosuchthingas“waste”—everythingisrecycleddowntoeveryatom.Ambitiously,theC2CPⅡsaysitsultimategoalistoseeconsumerproductsas“nutrients”.C2Cisanambitiousconceptandrequiresanenormousamountofcarefulthinking,anddesigningintheformationofanyproduct:everysinglemanufacturingstepmustbere-thoughttoensurethatnotonlyisnothingwasted,butthateverysinglecomponentisfullybio-degradableandharmless.Strictly,theytesteverychemicaloringredientthatcouldbeused—solvents,dyes,cleaningagents,younameit,andkeepalibraryofthoseapprovedtobesafeenoughforhumanexposureorenvironmentalrelease.Foryears,manufacturersoffurniture,lightbulbs,paintsandmorehavesoughtcertificationoftheirproductsandmadeuseofthechemicallibrary.Nowtheinstitutehaslaunchedaninitiativefocusedonnewtrends.12.Whydoestheauthoraskaquestioninparagraph1?A.Tointroduceenvironmentallyfriendlypractices.B.Topresentseveralpermanentlydisturbingissues.C.Tocomparevariousapproachestoenvironmentproblems.D.Tosharewithreaderscurrentlyachievedaccomplishments.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheconceptofC2C?A.Simpleandinnovative. B.NovelandfashionableC.Ambitiousanddemanding. D.Practicalandconventional.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Onlyrecycle,down-cycleorup-cyclecangivethingsnewlife.B.Cradle-To-Cradlemanufacturerspursuetoproducethingswithzerowaste.C.MichaelBraungartandWilliamMcDonoughwerethefoundersofC2CPⅡ.D.IttakesenormousamountofcarefulthinkingratherthanteststoperformC2C.15.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablytalkaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.HowC2Cwillbeappliedintheclothingindustry.B.WhatC2CPⅡwilldotochangefurnitureindustry.C.WhenC2Cwillbeadoptedformorefutureindustries.D.WhyC2CPⅡwillbesuccessfulinitschemicallibrary.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了C2C（Cradle-To-Cradle）制造理念，以实现零浪费和生物降解，以及该理念在多个行业中的应用和前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Howcanyougivethethingswebuynewliferatherthandumpingtheminlandfill?Therearethreesolutionscommonlyusedbycompaniesatpresent:Recycling:turningsomethingintothesameformofitself.Downcycling:transformingaproductintoaninferiorone,suchasgrindingrunningshoesdowntocreatethesurfaceofbasketballcourts.Upcycling:convertingaproductintoasuperiorform,suchasspinningsingle-useplasticbottlesintopolyesterfabricswhichmightbewornfordecades.(如何让我们购买的东西焕发新生，而不是将它们丢进垃圾填埋场呢？目前，公司通常采用以下三种解决方案：回收：将某物转化为其原本的形式。降级回收：将产品转化为品质较低的产品，例如将跑鞋研磨成粉末来铺设篮球场表面。升级回收：将产品转化为品质更高的形式，例如将一次性塑料瓶纺成聚酯纤维，这种纤维制成的衣物可以穿几十年)”可知，作者在第一段中提问是为了引入关于如何赋予物品新生命而不是将其丢弃在垃圾填埋场的环保做法。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“C2Cisanambitiousconceptandrequiresanenormousamountofcarefulthinking,anddesigningintheformationofanyproduct:everysinglemanufacturingstepmustbere-thoughttoensurethatnotonlyisnothingwasted,butthateverysinglecomponentisfullybio-degradableandharmless.Strictly,theytesteverychemicaloringredientthatcouldbeused--solvents,dyes,cleaningagents,younameit,andkeepalibraryofthoseapprovedtobesafeenoughforhumanexposureorenvironmentalrelease.(C2C是一个雄心勃勃的概念，它要求在产品形成的任何阶段都需要大量的深思熟虑和精心设计：必须重新考虑每一个制造步骤，以确保不仅没有任何浪费，而且每一个部件都是完全可生物降解且无害的。他们严格测试可能使用的每一种化学物质或成分——溶剂、染料、清洁剂，等等，并建立一个已批准使用的化学物质库，这些化学物质对人类接触或环境释放来说是足够安全的)”可知，C2C是一个雄心勃勃且要求很高的概念，需要在产品设计时进行大量的思考和设计，并严格测试每一种可能使用的化学物质或成分。因此，ambitious“有雄心的”和demanding“要求高的，严格的”最能描述C2C的概念。故选C。14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“C2Cisanambitiousconceptandrequiresanenormousamountofcarefulthinking,anddesigningintheformationofanyproduct:everysinglemanufacturingstepmustbere-thoughttoensurethatnotonlyisnothingwasted,butthateverysinglecomponentisfullybio-degradableandharmless.(C2C是一个宏大的理念，它在任何产品的形成过程中都需要大量的深思熟虑和设计：必须重新考虑每一个制造步骤，以确保不仅没有任何浪费，而且每一个部件都是完全可生物降解且无害的)”可知，C2C制造商追求生产零浪费且可生物降解无害的产品。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Foryears,manufacturersoffurniture,lightbulbs,paintsandmorehavesoughtcertificationoftheirproductsandmadeuseofthechemicallibrary.Nowtheinstitutehaslaunchedaninitiativefocusedonnewtrends.(多年来，家具、灯泡、涂料等众多产品的制造商一直在寻求其产品认证，并使用了化学物质库。现在，该研究所已启动了一项关注新趋势的倡议)”可知，现在该研究所已经启动了一项关注新趋势的倡议，C2C理念将可能被更多未来的行业所采用。作者接下来可能谈论C2C在新的趋势中会如何在某个具体行业的应用，如服装行业。故选A。第二节（共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weekdayscanbeablast(ahappyexperience)—untilboredomstrikes.Thenallofasudden,restlessnesssetsin.Inmostcases,wecanbreakboredomourselves.Scientistshavelearnedthatboredomreflectsourhumanneedformeaningfulandchallengingactivities—anditoftenstimulatesustofindthem.Butwheretostart?___16___We’vepackedthesepageswithideasthatwehopewillcaptureyourinterestandsparksomefun!SeeksomethingmeaningfulWegetatonofsatisfactionfromlookingbeyondourselves,helpingothers,andworkingtosolveproblems.IDEAS:Thinkofonetinystepyoucantaketohelpsolveaproblemthat’softenonyourmind.Surpriseafamilymember,friend,orneighborbydoingsomethingniceforcommunity.___17___BranchoutPuttingyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneisasurefirewaytowakeupyoursenses.IDEAS:Learnhowtosaythreesentencesinalanguagethathasalwaysfascinatedyou.Spendanafternoonplayingasportyounevertriedbefore.___18___Tackleyourfear:Singinfrontofothers.Learnaboutsnakes.AddvarietyandhavealittlefunNotplanningouteverydetailofyourdaycanleadtowonderfulthings.Thesameol’sameol’cangetboring.Mixthingsupalittle!IDEAS:Takedifferentroutestoaplaceyougooften.Inviteanewkidtojoinyouforanactivity.Trytastinganewfoodeveryweek.___19___Seriously!Wearsomethingoddthatwillmakeyousmilealldayliketwofavoritemismatchedsocks.Bringafriend(ortwo)___20___Anditdoesn’tmatterifyou’reawesomeorterribleatit.Eitherway,you’remakingmemoriesthatwillbecomestoriesyoutelloverandover!IDEAS:Gorollerskating,ortrytwo-personjuggling.Addmysteryingredientstocookies,thenaskyourfamilyandfriendstoguess