2024年广东省广州市中考英语真题(解析版)

秘密☆启用前2024年广州市初中学业水平考试英语考生号：_________姓名：_________本试卷共13页，四大题，满分90分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的圆珠笔或钢笔填写自己的考生号姓名；将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡的“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的圆珠笔或钢笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thesunwasshiningonthebluewater.BenandSuewerebuildingasandcastlewithDadonthebeach.Suddenly,theyheard___1___loudnoisecomingfrombehindsomerocks.Thetwokids___2___climbedontotherocksand___3___over.Theyweresosurprisedat___4___theysaw.“Penguins(企鹅)!I’veneverseenpenguinsonabeach!”shoutedBen.“Shhh!Bequiet___5___you’llmakethemfeelafraid.”Dadsaidinalowvoice.“ThoseareAfricanPenguins.Thisbeachis___6___home.”Atthatmoment,Dadnoticedaseabirdwalking___7___thepenguineggsneartherocks.Hequicklydroveitaway.“Theseabirdwilleatthepenguineggs,”saidDad.“Comewithme.”Theywalkedalongthebeach___8___theycametoasmallhousewithasignsayingPenguinCareCentre.“ThisiswhereIwork.TheseAfricanPenguinsareindangernow.Butluckilytherearestill___9___ofthemleftintheworld.Myjobistotakecareofthem.”Dadsaid.“That’sgreat!”saidBen.“Yes.Thenumberofthepenguinswasoncemuch___10___,butitisn’tverybiganymore.Onereasonisthatthepenguineggs___11___byseabirdsandotheranimals.___12___isthatthefishermeninthisareacatchtoomanyfish.Penguins___13___findenoughfoodfortheirbabies.Sothegovernmentistakingactiontostoppeople___14___forawholeseasoneveryyear.”Dadexplained.“Nowwearetryingourbest___15___thepenguineggs.Doyouwanttohelpme?”Dadasked.“Yes!”BenandSuebothreplied1.A.a B.an C.the D./2.A.care B.caring C.careful D.carefully3.A.look B.looking C.looked D.tolook4.A.what B.that C.how D.which5.A.and B.or C.but D.so6.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs7.A.above B.off C.towards D.from8.A.if B.when C.unless D.until9.A.few B.afew C.little D.alittle10.A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.thebiggest11.A.eat B.ate C.areeating D.areeaten12.A.Another B.Other C.Others D.Theothers13.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t14.A.fish B.fished C.tofish D.fishing15A.protect B.toprotect C.protecting D.protected【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8.D9.B10.B11.D12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Ben和Sue在海滩上与父亲一起建造沙堡时，意外发现了一群非洲企鹅，并了解到这些企鹅面临的生存威胁以及父亲保护企鹅的工作。【1题详解】句意：突然，他们听到一声巨响从岩石后面传来。a不定冠词，后跟以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，后跟以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指；/不填。此处表示泛指，修饰单数名词noise，且loud首字母发辅音音素，所以用a修饰。故选A。【2题详解】句意：两个孩子小心翼翼地爬到岩石上往外看。care在意，动词；caring关心他人的，体贴的，形容词；careful仔细的，小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词。空处修饰动词climbed，所以用副词。故选D。【3题详解】句意：两个孩子小心翼翼地爬到岩石上往外看。look看，原形；looking看，现在分词/动名词；looked看，过去式/过去分词；tolook看，不定式。根据“climbedonto”和“and”可知，此处是并列动词，所以用过去式。故选C。【4题详解】句意：他们对所看到的感到非常惊讶。what什么；that那；how如何；which哪一个。空处引导宾语从句，同时也是saw的宾语，指“看到的事物”，所以用what引导宾语从句。故选A。【5题详解】句意：安静点，否则你会让它们感到害怕。and和；or否则；but但是；so因此。本句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”，此处指如果不安静点，就会让它们害怕，用来叙述否定条件，用or。故选B。【6题详解】句意：这片海滩是它们的家。they它们，主格；them它们，宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。空处修饰名词home，所以用其形容词性物主代词their。故选C。【7题详解】句意：就在这时，爸爸注意到一只海鸟朝岩石附近的企鹅蛋走去。above在……以上，超过；off从……离开；towards向，朝着；from从。根据“walking...thepenguineggs”可知，是向企鹅蛋走去。故选C。【8题详解】句意：他们沿着海滩走，直到他们来到了一个小房子前，房子的牌子上写着“企鹅护理中心”。if如果；when当……时；unless除非；until直到。根据“ walkedalongthebeach...theycametoasmallhouse”可知，应是一直走，直到到写着“企鹅护理中心”的小房子前。故选D。【9题详解】句意：但幸运的是，世界上仍然有一些。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；afew一些，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；alittle一点，修饰不可数名词。根据“Butluckilytherearestill...ofthemleftintheworld.”可知，很幸运，则说明世界上还有一些企鹅，修饰复数代词them，所以用afew。故选B。【10题详解】句意：企鹅的数量曾经大得多，但现在已经不多了。big大的；bigger更大的；biggest最大的；thebiggest最大的，the+最高级。much修饰比较级。故选B。【11题详解】句意：原因之一是企鹅的蛋被海鸟和其他动物吃掉。eat吃，动词原形；ate吃，过去式；areeating现在进行时；areeaten一般现在时的被动语态。根据“thepenguineggs...byseabirdsandotheranimals”可知，企鹅蛋是被吃掉，所以用被动语态。故选D。【12题详解】句意：另一个原因是这个地区的渔民捕捞了太多的鱼。Another另一个（三者或以上中的）；Other其他的，常修饰可数名词复数；Others其他人或物；Theothers其余的（表示在一个范围内的其他全部）。根据“Onereason”及is可知，此处指另一个原因。故选A。【13题详解】句意：企鹅找不到足够的食物喂它们的宝宝。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“fishermeninthisareacatchtoomanyfish”可知，渔民过度捕捞，应是导致企鹅不能找到足够的食物。故选C。【14题详解】句意：因此，政府正在采取行动，禁止人们每年一整个季节捕鱼。fish捕鱼，动词原形；fished捕鱼，过去式/过去分词；tofish捕鱼，不定式；fishing捕鱼，现在分词/动名词。stopsb(from)doingsth“阻止某人做某事”，固定短语。故选D。【15题详解】句意：现在我们正在尽最大努力保护企鹅蛋。protect保护，动词原形；toprotect保护，不定式；protecting保护，现在分词/动名词；protected保护，过去式/过去分词。tryone’sbesttodosth“尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式。故选B。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Hello,MrLi,”Isaidsweetly.“IcametoaskifIcouldhelppaintthepostersfortheReadingDay.Idon’tmind___16___forthewholedayatthelibrarytomorrow.”“Aren’tyougoingtotheoldpeople’shome?”MrLiasked“Myclassisgoing.ButIcouldhavea/an___17___ifyouneedmyhelp.”“Thanks,Janet.ButIthinkyoucouldcomeafterschooltomorrow.”___18___,therewasnowayout.Ihadtogo.Thenextday,whenmyclassmatesweretalkingwiththeoldpeople,Ireallyfeltnervousto___19___anyofthem.IsatthereonmyownholdingthecardImadethenightbefore.Acrosstheroomtherewasanoldladyinawheelchair.Shewas___20___,too.MaybeIcouldhandmycardtoher.Itmightbrightenherday.Socarefully,Iwenttoher.“Thankyou,Janet.”Theoldladyreachedforthecardbutherhandwasnowherenearit.Isuddenlyrealizedthatshewas___21___.“Whatdoesyourcardlooklike?”Theoldladyasked.I___22___mycardpatiently.Herfingerstouchedeveryinchofit.Shecouldn’tenjoymore…Toosoon,itwastimetoreturn.ButIdidn’twantto___23___.“Thanksforyourcoming,Janet!I’llkeepthiscardtorememberyou.”“I’msorryyoucan’tseeit.IwishedIhadbroughtyouabettergift,”Isaid“Thebestgift,”theoldladysaid,“wasyour___24___,Janet.”Withtears,Ifeltlightandwarm.Icouldn’twaittocomebacktoseemynew___25___again.16.A.reading B.discussing C.relaxing D.working17.A.idea B.lesson C.excuse D.gift18A.Clearly B.Strangely C.Luckily D.Suddenly19.A.accept B.join C.invite D.guide20.A.alone B.active C.ready D.busy21.A.tired B.blind C.serious D.worried22.A.changed B.compared C.described D.prepared23.A.forget B.leave C.promise D.imagine24.A.return B.plan C.class D.visit25.A.friend B.teacher C.classmate D.neighbour【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.B20.A21.B22.C23.B24.D25.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在去老人院的时候，遇到了一位坐轮椅的老妇人，这位老妇人是盲人，但是她们相处很愉快，作者也渴望再次见到这位新朋友。【16题详解】句意：我不介意明天在图书馆工作一整天。reading读；discussing讨论；relaxing放松；working工作。根据“IcametoaskifIcouldhelppaintthepostersfortheReadingDay”可知作者不介意工作一整天，所以去询问是否能帮忙画阅读日的海报。故选D。【17题详解】句意：但如果你需要我的帮助，我可以找个借口。idea想法；lesson课；excuse借口；gift礼物。根据“ifyouneedmyhelp”可知是如果需要帮助画海报，可以找借口不去老人院。故选C。【18题详解】句意：显然，没有办法。clearly清晰地；strangely奇怪地；luckily幸运地；suddennly突然。根据“Ihadtogo”可知很显然，作者必须要去老人院。故选A。【19题详解】句意：第二天，当我的同学们和老人们聊天时，我真的很紧张加入他们中的任何一个。accept接受；join加入；invite邀请；guide引领。根据“Isatthereonmyown”可知作者一个人坐在那里，没有加入他们的聊天。故选B。【20题详解】句意：她也独自一人。alone独自；active积极的；ready准备好的；busy忙的。根据“Isatthereonmyown”可知这个老妇人和作者一样，也是独自一个人。故选A。【21题详解】句意：我突然意识到她是个盲人。tired劳累的；blind失明的；serious严肃的；worried担心的。根据“Theoldladyreachedforthecardbutherhandwasnowherenearit”可知这个老妇人伸手去拿卡片，但她的手根本没靠近，可见她是一个盲人。故选B。【22题详解】句意：我耐心地描述了我的卡片。changed改变；compared比较；described描述；prepared准备。根据“mycardpatiently”可知她是盲人，所以作者是给她描述卡片。故选C。【23题详解】句意：但我不想离开。forget忘记；leave离开；promise承诺；imagine想象。根据“Toosoon,itwastimetoreturn.ButIdidn’twantto”可知作者不想离开。故选B。【24题详解】句意：“最好的礼物，”老太太说，“就是你的来访，珍妮特。”return归还；plan计划；class班级；visit参观。根据“Thanksforyourcoming,Janet”可知老妇人认为作者的拜访就是最好的礼物。故选D。【25题详解】句意：我迫不及待地想再次见到我的新朋友。friend朋友；teacher老师；classmate同学；neighbour邻居。根据“Icouldn’twaittocomebacktoseemynew”可知作者把这个老妇人当作了自己的朋友。故选A。三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)Ffh.Ffh.Ffh!Itwasnotjusttheemptynest(鸟巢)ofapeweebirdasAmyhadfoundthelastfivedays.Amyranhomethroughthewoods.“Mum!”sheshouted.“Iseebirds.Two.Incave(洞穴).Beautiful!”Mumsmiled.Birds!Alwaysbirds!FromthemomentAmywokeupinthemorningtothemomentsheclosedhereyesatnight,shethoughtonlyofbirds.Amyclimbedstraighttoheratticroom—hermuseum,shecalledit.Everyshelf,everyspareinchoffloor,wascoveredwithnests,birdmodelsandnaturalsciencebooks.Thewallswerecoveredwithpencilandcrayondrawingsofmanydifferentkindsofbirds,allsigned“Amyinthewoods.”“Arethosethesamebirdswhobuiltthenestlastyear?Willtheyreturntothecavenextspring?”Amyalwayswondered.“Iwillstudymycavebirds.Iwilldrawthemjustastheyare.”Amymadeuphermind.Inaweek,thebirdswereusedtoher.TheywerebusybuildingtheirnestasAmywatchedanddrewwithherpencils.Soonthedriedbrownnestbecameasoftgreenbed.Amywatchedastwobabybirdscameout.Shewatchedastheyoungbirdsflewforthefirsttime.Shebegantofeelapartofthissmallfamily.Whenthedaysgrewshorterandtheautumnairbegantobite,Amyknewthebirdswouldleavesoon.Butwouldtheycomeback?Shehadtoknow!Inbedthatnight,sheformedaplan.Thenextday,whenthemotherandfatherbirdswereawayfromthenest,shetiedsomethingtoonelegofeachbabybird.Aweeklater,thebirdsweregone...Thedaysgrewlongeragain.Onemorning.Amyheardabirdcall,“Fee-bee!Fee-bee!”Sherantothecave.Watchingthewaythebirdsflewinandoutofthecave,Amyknewherfriendscameback.Butwherewerelastyear’sbabies?Didtheyreturntoo?Shebegantosearchthewoodsnearthecave,listeningfortheircall.Insidealittlehouse,shefoundtwobirdsbuildinganest.Oneworeasilverringarounditsleg.Upthesmallriver,underabridge,shefoundtwomorenestingbirds.Andoneworeasilverringarounditsleg.Amysmiledandcalled,“Fee-bee!Fee-bee!”26.WhatdidAmywanttofindoutinthewholestory?A.Whereandhowthebirdsspentwinter. B.Whythebirdsandtheirbabiescameback.C.Whetherthesamebirdswouldreturn. D.Howshecouldmakefriendswiththebirds.27.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmyfromhermuseum?A.Sheoftenstudiedbirdswithhermother. B.Shehadrichbird-watchingexperiences.C.Shelikeddrawingmorethanotherhobbies. D.Shewantedtokeepherhobbiesassecrets.28.HowdidAmycarryoutherplaninthelateautumn?A.Shemarkedeachbabybirdwithasilverring. B.Sheseparatedthebabybirdsfromtheirparents.C.Shecaredforthebirdsandwatchedthemgrow. D.Sheusedthebirds’languagetocallthemback.29.Whathappenedtothetwobabybirdswhenthesecondspringcame?A.Theyflewbackandlookedfortheirparents. B.Theymadetheirownnestsunderabridge.C.TheyflewinandoutofthecavetomeetAmy. D.Theyreturnedandbuiltnestsnearthecave.【答案】26.C27.B28.A29.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一个名叫Amy的小女孩对鸟类的热爱和观察，她通过在鸟腿上绑上银环来确认鸟类是否会在第二年春天返回原地筑巢的故事。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Arethosethesamebirdswhobuiltthenestlastyear?Willtheyreturntothecavenextspring?”可知，Amy想知道同样的鸟是否会回来，故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据“Amyclimbedstraighttoheratticroom—hermuseum,shecalledit.Everyshelf,everyspareinchoffloor,wascoveredwithnests,birdmodelsandnaturalsciencebooks.Thewallswerecoveredwithpencilandcrayondrawingsofmanydifferentkindsofbirds,”可知，Amy的阁楼房间被她称为博物馆，里面有很多鸟巢、鸟模型和自然科学书籍，墙上挂满了她画的各种鸟类的图画，这表明她有丰富的观鸟经验。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thenextday,whenthemotherandfatherbirdswereawayfromthenest,shetiedsomethingtoonelegofeachbabybird.Aweeklater,thebirdsweregone...”和最后一段“Insidealittlehouse,shefoundtwobirdsbuildinganest.Oneworeasilverringarounditsleg.Upthesmallriver,underabridge,shefoundtwomorenestingbirds.Andoneworeasilverringarounditsleg.”可知，她在每只雏鸟腿上都做了一个银戒指的记号，通过观看这个标记来判断它们是否会回来，故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“shefoundtwobirdsbuildinganest.Oneworeasilverringarounditsleg.Upthesmallriver,underabridge,shefoundtwomorenestingbirds.Andoneworeasilverringarounditsleg.”可知，Amy发现了两只带有银环的小鸟在桥下筑巢，这表明它们在第二年春天返回并在靠近洞穴的地方筑巢，故选D。(B)Manypeopleknowthatrobotsexplorespaceandbuildthingsinfactories.Butdidyouknowthattherearemanyotherkindsofrobots?Let’smeetsomeoftheserobotsandfindoutwhattheydo.Robot1Ifyourfamilyaremovingtoanewhouse,thistwo-leggedrobotisagoodhelper.Itcanliftseveralheavyboxesandcarrythemtothemovingtruckbeforereturninginsideformore.Ithastheabilitytowalkmorecarefullyandskillfullythanotherrobots.Robot2Poweredbythesun,thisrobotworksinaforest.Itkeepsaneyeoneverythingfromanimalmovementstotheforest’stemperature,thensendstheinformationbacktothescientists.Thisrobotcanwatchhowtheenvironmentchangesforalongperiodoftime,whichisdifficultforhumans.Robot3Thispie-makingrobotiscuttingapieintopiecesinthekitchen.Itusesitsarmstodoallthethingshumancooksmightdowhentheymakefood.Butitmakesmuchmorefoodthanhumancooks.Itcanprepareapiein45secondsandcook80piesanhour.Itevendividesyourpieandboxesitup.Robot4Thisbrightorangerobothelpsrepairthemachinesunderdeepwater.Itcanreachthepartwhichistoodeepforahumandiver.Humansprogramwheretherobotshouldgoandwhatitshoulddo.Thisrobotcanalsohelphumansexploretheseaanddiscovernewlivingthings.Butitcan’tworkforlongunderwater.30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectmatchbetweentherobotsandtheirworkingplaces?A.Robot1—③,Robot2—④,Robot3—②,Robot4—①B.Robot1—②,Robot2—①,Robot3—③,Robot4—④C.Robot1—②,Robot2—④,Robot3—③,Robot4—①D.Robot1—③,Robot2—①,Robot3—②,Robot4—④31.WhatisanadvantageofRobot3?A.Itmakesthefoodmoredelicious. B.Itcooksdifferentkindsoffood.C.Itpreparesfoodatafasterspeed. D.Itkeepsthekitchencleanandtidy.32.WhatcanRobot2andRobot4bothdo?A.Studytheinformationforscientists. B.Keepworkingforalongperiodoftime.C.HelphumanslearnmoreabouttheEarth. D.Dolotsofheavyhouseworkforpeople.【答案】30.A31.C32.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Robot1Ifyourfamilyaremovingtoanewhouse,thistwo-leggedrobotisagoodhelper.Itcanliftseveralheavyboxesandcarrythemtothemovingtruckbeforereturninginsideformore”可知第一种机器人可以用于搬家时搬运沉重的箱子，故Robot1和③对应；根据“Robot2Poweredbythesun,thisrobotworksinaforest”可知第二种机器人在森林里工作，故Robot2和④对应；根据“Robot3Thispie-makingrobotiscuttingapieintopiecesinthekitchen”可知第三种机器人在厨房工作，故Robot3和②对应；根据“Robot4Thisbrightorangerobothelpsrepairthemachinesunderdeepwater”可知第四种机器人在深水下工作，故Robot4和①对应。故选A。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Butitmakesmuchmorefoodthanhumancooks.”可知第三种机器人准备食物比较快。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“Itkeepsaneyeoneverythingfromanimalmovementstotheforest’stemperature,thensendstheinformationbacktothescientists”可知第二种机器人密切关注从动物运动到森林温度的一切，然后将信息发送给科学家；根据“Thisrobotcanalsohelphumansexploretheseaanddiscovernewlivingthings.”可知第四种机器人可以帮助人类探索海洋，发现新的生物；可见这两种机器人可以帮助人类更多地了解地球。故选C。(C)Idon’tbelieveit!I’mstillsittingherewritingmypaper.I’vehadtwoweekstoprepareandwriteitandIneedtohanditintomorrow.Amonthago,Imadeadecisiontoneverleavethingstothelastminute.Well,I’vefailed.I’vealsobeentryingtogorunningtogetfitterwithmyclassmatesafterschoolforfourweeks.ButIreallyfeelit’sdifficulttofollowmyplannow.Whyisitsohardtobreakabadhabitandformagoodone?I’vejustreadanarticleandI’vediscoveredthatitisn’tmyproblem!Infact,it’sourbrains.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeitdifficulttobreakbadhabits.Researchshowswhenwedosomethingthesamewayrepeatedly,ourbrainnotices.It’sjustlike,“Oh,writingapaperishard.Westillhavetime.Wecanrelaxfornow?Gotit!”Ifwealwaysdothingslikethat,weget“intothehabit”ofleavingthingstothelastminute.Wemayevengetareward(奖励)fromthisbadhabit,atleastatfirst.Ourbrainmaysay,“Ah,relaxation!Ilikethis!”Slowly,itseemsthatwecan’tstopdoingthehabitorcontrolit.Maybeit’sbecausewedon’tknowhowtogettherewardswithoutdoingit.Butthat’snotall.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatittakestenweekstoformagoodhabit.That’sbecausetenweeksistheamountoftimethebrainneedstochangeandacceptanewhabitaspartofeverydaylife.Thegoodnewsisthatonceyoumakeittotenweeks,everythingbecomesaloteasier.Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime,soyoumaygiveupyourplansooner.Sothereyouare.Maybewewanttochangeourwaysandbecomebetterpeople,butourbrainswon’tletus.Oristhisjustanexcuse?Look—I’vefinishedmypaperontime!Anythingispossible!ByAna33.WhoisAna?A.Aschoolgirl. B.Abrainscientist. C.Ateacher. D.Asportscoach.34.Whatcanbeareasonwhyit’shardtobreakabadhabit?A.Ourbrainsavoiddoingthingsrepeatedly.B.Ourbrainsarenotprogrammedtonoticeit.C.Ourbrainsneedrelaxationfromtimetotime.D.Ourbrainsenjoygettingtherewardsfromdoingit.35.HowmanymoreweekswillittakeAnatodevelopherhabitofrunningafterschool?A.Four. B.Six. C.Eight. D.Ten.36.WhatdoesAnawanttotellusattheendofthepassage?A.You’dbetterfinishyourpaperontime. B.Don’tforgettomakeaplanbeforehand.C.Stickwiththewaysyouaredoinghabits. D.Itdependsonyoutocontrolyourhabits.【答案】33.A34.C35.B36.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者Ana在尝试改变坏习惯和形成好习惯时遇到的困难，并解释了这些困难背后的科学原因。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“I’vealsobeentryingtogorunningtogetfitterwithmyclassmatesafterschool

”可知，Ana提到自己在写论文并且和同学们一起跑步，说明她是一名学生。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据“Wemayevengetareward(奖励)fromthisbadhabit...Ourbrainmaysay,‘Ah,relaxation!Ilikethis!’Slowly,itseemsthatwecan’tstopdoingthehabitorcontrolit.Maybeit’sbecausewedon’tknowhowtogettherewardswithoutdoingit.”可知，很难改掉坏习惯是因为我们的大脑喜欢放松，需要时不时放松。故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatittakestenweekstoformagoodhabit.”和“I’vealsobeentryingtogorunningtogetfitterwithmyclassmatesafterschoolforfourweeks.”可知，Ana已经跑步四周，故还需要六周。故选B。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“Sothereyouare.Maybewewanttochangeourwaysandbecomebetterpeople,butourbrainswon’tletus.Oristhisjustanexcuse?Look—I’vefinishedmypaperontime!Anythingispossible!”可知，Ana以自己的真实经历想告诉我们控制习惯取决于我们自己。故选D。(D)Haveyoueverheardofupcycling?Itisawayofturningoldorunnecessarythingsintosomethingusefulandoftenbeautiful.Isitthesameasrecycling?Recyclingusuallytakesoldthings,likepaperandglass,andbreaksthemdowntomakeanewproduct.Whenyouupcycleanobject,youareprobablydoingsomethingdifferent.Youcansimplyrefashionit.Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT-shirt.Also,theupcycledobjectisusuallyinthesame,orevenbettercondition.Upcyclingisn’tanewidea.Someofthebestexamplesofmodem-dayupcyclingcomefromtheoldtimes.Inthosedays,thingswererepurposedoverandoveruntiltheywerenolongeruseful.Upcyclingisawayoflife.Thingsshouldn’tbejustthrownawaywhentheycanbesavedandturnedintosomethinguseful.It’sclearthatupcyclingisgreen.Itisalsoconsideredtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanrecycling.Upcyclingcanjustrequireyourownideasandwork,butrecyclingrequiresenergy(能源)orwatertobreakdownthings.Grace,ayoungwomanfromtheUK,takesusedteabagsandturnsthemintodresses,shoesandevenhats.Everydayshedrinkssometea,thendriesouttheteabagswiththeteastillinthem.Whenthey’redry,shetakestheteaoutandputsthebagstogethertomakeanitemofclothing.Thiscantakealongtime,butGracehasmadelotsofartworks.Infact,nomatteryoucreateobjectsfromoldthingsorbuyready-madeproductsfromupcycledthings,bothwaysarehelpfulfortheenvironmentandcanbringyousomethingthat’sbothbeautifulanduseful.Getstartedtoday!37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refashion”meaninparagraph2?A.Breakdownuselessthings. B.Collectusedthings.C.Createthingsoutofoldones. D.Comeupwithgoodideas.38.Howisupcyclingdifferentfromrecycling?A.It’sacompletelynewidea. B.Itneedsmoreenergy.C.Itrequiresmoretimeandwork. D.It’sagreenerwayoflife.39.WhydoesthewritertellthestoryofGraceinparagraph5?A.Tolistthestepsofdoingupcycling. B.Togiveagoodexampleofupcycling.C.Toexpressadifferentideaofupcycling. D.Toprovidebasicknowledgeofupcycling.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletodoupcycling. B.Tointroducethehistoryofupcycling.C.Tocompareupcyclingwithrecycling. D.Toexplaintheimportanceofrecycling【答案】37.C38.D39.B40.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了升级回收（upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过Grace的故事展示了“升级回收”的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收”。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据“ Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT-shirt”可知，refashion的意思是“用旧的东西创造新的东西”，故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’sclearthatupcyclingisgreen.

Itisalsoconsideredtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanrecycling”可知，“升级回收”是一种更环保的生活方式，故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“Grace,ayoungwomanfromtheUK,takesusedteabagsandtumsthemintodresses,shoesandevenhats”可知，作者通过Grace的故事来举一个“升级回收”的好例子，故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“Getstartedtoday!”以及全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是鼓励人们进行“升级回收”，故选A。第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Cavepaintingsaretheoldestpictures.Someofthemarealmost30,000yearsold.Manyofthesepaintingsshowanimalsorhuntingscenes(狩猎场景).Theydonothavewrittenwordsonthem.Butwhenwelookatthem,wegetanideaofthefeelingsthepeoplehadwhendrawingthem.Thepaintingstellstoriesofhopesandfears.____41____Sometimebetween4,000and3,000BCE,theskillofwritingwasdevelopedinEgyptandMesopotamia.Peoplecuttextsonstonesfirst.____42____Butitwasimpossibletocarrystonesfromplacetoplace.Theinventionofpapyrus(莎草纸)alloweddocumentstobemovedeasily.Morethan3,000yearsago,theancientChinesepeoplecutwordsonbonesandshells.Thesewordsarecalledjiaguwen.Itisthewritingsystemthathasdevelopedoverthousandsofyearsintotoday’shanzi.Peoplemadethefirstbooksfrompapyrusandfromthinanimalskins.Around105CE,paper-makingskillwasimprovedaftertheinventionofpaperinChina.____43____Itwaspublishedin868CE.Inthemiddleofthe15thcentury,theprintingmachinewasinventedinGermany.Sincethattime,ahugenumberofbookshavebeenprintedworldwide.____44____Bookswillbearoundformanyyears,ofcourse.Butsomepeoplepreferreadingelectronicbooks.____45____Nowyoucanbuyyourbookswheneveryouwantwithouthavingtoleavethecomfortofyourhome.A.Theyareeasiertotakewithyouwhenyoutravel.B.Theyareanearlyformofwrittencommunication.C.Theworld’soldestknownprintedbookisfromChinatoo.DTheyareanearlyformofcommunicationwithoutreadingandwriting.E.Formanypeoplereadinginthelibraryisoneoflife’sgreatestpleasures.【答案】41.D42.B43.C44.E45.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了人类书写工具的发展过程。【41题详解】根据“Butwhenwelookatthem,wegetanideaofthefeelingsthepeoplehadwhendrawingthem.Thepaintingstellstoriesofhopesandfears”可知当我们观察它们时，我们会了解人们在绘制它们时的感受，这些画讲述了希望和恐惧的故事，这是当时的交流方式，选项D“它们是一种没有阅读和写作的早期交流形式”符合语境。故选D。【42题详解】根据“Peoplecuttextsonstonesfirst.”可知人们先在石头上刻文字，选项B“它们是一种早期的书面交流形式”符合语境。故选B。【43题详解】根据“paper-makingskillwasimprovedaftertheinventionofpaperinChina”以及“Itwaspublishedin868CE.”可知中国发明纸张后，造纸技术得到了提高，并出版了书，选项C“世界上已知最古老的印刷书籍也来自中国”符合语境。故选C。【44题详解】根据“Sincethattime,ahugenumberofbookshavebeenprintedworldwide”可知从那时起，世界各地印刷了大量书籍，选项E“对许多人来说，在图书馆读书是生活中最大的乐趣之一”符合语境。故选E。【45题详解】根据“Butsomepeoplepreferreadingelectronicbooks.”可知有些人更喜欢阅读电子书，此处介绍电子书的优势，选项A“旅行时，它们更容易随身携带”符合语境。故选A。四、写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。Shadowpuppetplay(皮影戏)hasahistoryofover2,000years.Itisat____46____artoftellingstories.Samisaforeignstudent,whocametoChinalastyear.Hefellinl____47____withshadowpuppetplayduringavisittoamuseum.Hed____48____tolearnthisartbecausehethoughtitwasagreatwaytotellstoriesofChineseculture.WiththehelpofhisChinesefriends,Sambuiltashadowpuppetplaystageandmadesomepaperpuppets.Butlearningtocontrolthepuppetsisnote____49____.Hespenthourspractisingeverydayforseveralmonths.Sofar,Samhassuccessfullyputseveralofhisvideosonlineandwonmanyfans.Hewantstos____50____thebeautyofthisartwithpeoplefromallovertheworld.【答案】46.(t)raditional47.(l)ove48.(d)ecided49.(e)asy50.(s)hare【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Sam在中国学习并推广皮影戏的经历。【46题详解】句意：它是一种讲故事的传统艺术。根据“hasahistoryofover2,000years”及首字母可知，皮影戏是一种传统艺术，traditional“传统的”符合语境。故填(t)raditional。【47题详解】句意：他在参观博物馆时爱上了皮影戏。根据“fellin…withshadowpuppetplay”可知，Sam爱上了皮影戏，fallinlovewith“爱上”，固定短语。故填(l)ove。【48题详解】句意：他决定学习这门艺术因为他认为这是讲述中国文化故事的好方法。根据“ He...tolearnthisart

”及首字母可知，应是决定学习皮影戏，decide“决定”符合语境，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。【49题详解】句意：但是学习控制皮偶并不容易。根据“learningtocontrolthepuppetsisnot…”和“Hespenthourspractisingeverydayforseveralmonths”可知，控制皮偶并不容易，easy“容易的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填(e)asy。【50题详解】句意：他想与全世界的人分享这门艺术的美。根据“...thebeautyofthisartwithpeoplefromallovertheworld”及首字母可知，Sam想分享皮影戏的美，share“分享”符合语境；wanttodosth“想要做某事”。故填(s)hare。第二节完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。每空限填一词。51.下周，我校将在运动日举行各种趣味运动。麦克和汤姆将参加“二人三足”赛跑。Alotoffungames________________________ontheSportsDayinourschoolnextweek.MikeandTomwilltakepartinthe“three-legged”race.【答案】①.will②.be③.held【解析】【详解】“举行”hold，主语A

lot

of

fun

games和动词hold之间是动宾关系，结合时间状语next

week可知，要用一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为will

be

done。故填will

be

held。52.这种赛跑太难，他们训练时总是摔倒。Thiskindofracewas________hard________theykeptfallingoverwhilepractising.【答案】①.so②.that【解析】【详解】根据“hard...theykept...”可知此处是soadj.that...“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。53.体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的技巧。TheirPEteacherencouragedthemandtaughtthem________________improvetheirskillsofrunningtogether.【答案】①