2025届甘肃省白银市靖远县高三上学期第一次全县联考英语试题

绝密★启用前高三英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whydoesthemanmoveintothecity?A.It'squieterthere.B.It'sconvenientthere.C.It'smorebeautifulthere.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofgoingtothesupermarketbybike?A.It'shealthy.B.It'slow-cost.C.It'sslow.3.Howmuchdidthemanweightwomonthsago?A.120pounds.B.140pounds.C.160pounds.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thefilmistoolong.B.Thefilmisboring.C.Thefilmisfunny.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyareoldfriends.B.Theydon'tknowJohnson.C.Theymeetforthefirsttime.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthetrafficsobad?A.It'stherushhour.B.Theroadisunderconstruction.C.Oneofthetrafficlightsisbroken.7.Howwillthewomangettoherappointment?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bysubwayandonfoot.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowlongdidthewomanstayinJapan?A.About10days.B.Abouttwoweeks.C.Aboutonemonth.9.What'sthewoman'sopiniononTokyo?A.Therearemanymoreshopsthere.B.Itsbuildingsarebeautiful.C.It'saquietcity.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.Nearabusstop.C.Inthedepartmentstore.11.Whatdidthemando?A.Hehurtthewoman.B.Hehelpedthewomancarrythebags.C.Heknockedthewoman'sbagstotheground.12.What'sthewomanlike?A.Sheiskind.B.Sheisrude.C.Sheisapologetic.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Waiterandcustomer.14.Whoisopeningtheexhibition?A.MrSmith.B.Theman.C.Thewoman.15.Whatexhibitionisgoingtobeheld?A.Apaintingexhibition.B.Afashionexhibition.C.Aphotographyexhibition.16.Whatcanweknowabouttheexhibition?A.Itwillbequitesmall.B.ItwillbeheldintheNationalMuseum.C.Itsworkswillbefromdifferentcountries.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwillthebusleave?A.At7:45.B.At8:00.C.At8:55.18.WhatcanstudentsdoattheCookerySchool?A.Growtheirowntrees.B.Learnhowtomakepizza.C.Learnhowtomakesandwiches.19.Whichofthefollowingshouldstudentsbring?A.Atoy.B.Anotebook.C.Apencil.20.Howdoesthespeakerpreferparentstoaskquestions?A.Onthephone.B.Byemail.C.Facetoface.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AProfessorofMathematicsandAITheSchoolofMathematicalSciencesatLancasterUniversityisseekingtoappointaprofessortotakeaprominent,strategicroleintheleadershipofMathematicsforAIinReal-worldSystems(MARS),LancasterUniversity.MARS,whichisfundedbya£12minvestmentfromResearchEngland,willconductresearchandteachingattheinterface(界面)ofdynamicalmathematicalmodellingandartificialintelligence(AI),withafocusonusingappliedmathematicstoaddressreal-worldchallenges.AspartoftheseniorMARSleadershipgroup,youwillberesponsibleforshapingtheformationanddirectionofthisnew10FTE(全职员工)unitwithintheSchoolofMathematicalSciences.YouwillhaveanoutstandingtrackrecordofresearchinthemathematicsofAIand/orappliedmathematicsofreal-worldchallenges,demonstrableexperienceofbuildingapositive,inclusiveandcollaborativeresearchculture,andavocationfornurturingstaffanddevelopinganoutward-facingtalentpipeline.YouwillbeabletoevidenceexcellenceinscientificleadershipandtheabilitytobringthistoMARS,thewiderSchoolandtheUniversity.Astrongtrackrecordofsecuringexternalresearchfundingandpublishingininternationally-leadingMathematicalSciencesjournalsisessential.IdeallyyouwillhaveanapplicationfocusinatleastoneofthefollowingMARSkeyapplicationareas:cybersecurity,engineering,environmentandhealth.Youwillhaveconsiderableexperienceoftranslatingfoundationalmathematicalfindingsintoreal-worldsolutions,throughpartnershipsoutsideoftheacademicsector,andwillbeabletofosternewcollaborationswithresearchersfromotherdisciplinesandwithnon-academicorganisations.YouwillbeanenthusiasticambassadorforMARSandforthedisciplineofmathematics.Thisisafull-time,indefinitepostandflexibleworkingarrangementswillbeconsidered.InformalenquiriesshouldbemadetotheHeadofMARS,ProfessorChrisJewellc.jewell@lancaster.ac.ukortheDirectorofResearch,ProfessorRebeccaKillickr.killick@lancaster.ac.uk.1.WhatistheprimarygoalofMARSatLancasterUniversity?A.ToteachAIwithoutusingappliedmathematics.B.Tofundvariousscientificresearchprojects.C.Totacklepracticalissuesthroughappliedmathematics.D.Toresearchdynamicalmathematicalmodelling.2.WhatisoneoftheapplicationareasforMARS?A.Onlinesafety. B.Legalservices.C.Spacetechnology. D.Educationresources.3.WhatcanbeexpectedfromtheMARSProfessorposition?A.Apart-timerole. B.Flexibleworktime.C.Informalinterviews. D.Ashort-termcontract.BNearlythreedecadesago,BrazilianphotojournalistSebastiāoreturnedfromhisassignmentinEastAfrica,shockedtofindhisfamily'sonceboomingcattlefarmhadbecomealmostawasteland.Hiswife,Lelia,equallyheartbrokenbythedestructionoftheonce-vibrant(充满生机的)land,proposedanideathatseemedalmostasenormousandimpossibleasthebarrenness(荒芜)beforethem—replanttheforest.In1998,embracingthechallengewithdeterminationandadeep-seateddesiretoreviveacrucialpartoftheircountryandfamilyhistory,SebastiāoandLeliaestablishedtheInstitutoTerra,anenvironmentalgroupdedicatedtothesustainabilityoftheValleyoftheRiverDoce.Itbecameashipthroughwhichtheywouldsailonadifficultjourneytohealthelandandinmanyways,themselves.Thecouple,alongwiththeirteam,embarkedonajourneytoreplantandrebuildthe1,754-acreplotofland.Slowly,thebarrendesertthatSebastiāoreturnedtobegantotransform,wasblossomingintothelushparadisethathadonceexistedonlyinhismemories.Now,theregionstandsasatestamenttowhatcanbeachievedwithdedicationandadream.ItisrecognizedasaPrivateNaturalHeritageReserve,asanctuarywherenaturehasbeengiventhespaceandsupporttoreclaimitsrightfulplace.Theonce-barrencattlefarmisnotonlythrivingbuthasalsobecomeashelterforhundredsofspeciesofanimalsandplants.Theland,nowvibrantandalive,hosts293speciesoftrees,172speciesofbirds,33speciesofmammals,and15speciesofreptilesandamphibians,manyofwhichareendangeredandhavefoundasaferefugeinthisrefreshedenvironment.Sebastiāoreflectsonthetransformation,sharing,“Alltheinsectsandbirdsandfishreturned,and,thankstothisincreaseofthetrees,I,too,wasreborn—thiswasthemostimportantmoment.”4.HowwasthefarmwhenSebastiaoreturnedfromEastAfrica?A.Vibrantandalive. B.Messyandnoisy.C.Overgrownandenormous. D.Barrenanddeserted.5.HowdidSebastiāoandLeliadealwiththechallengefacingthem?A.Throughashipjourney. B.Throughteameffort.C.Throughgovernmentsupport. D.Throughsocialdonation.6.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph5indicate?A.Thesuccessofthecouple'swork. B.Thespeciesthecouplehopetosave.C.Theoriginalstateofthecattlefarm. D.Thenumberofwildlifeinneedofhelp.7.WhatcanwelearnfromSebastiāo’sstory?A.Badluckoftenbringsgoodluck. B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C.Wherethere'sawill,there'saway. D.Whatdoesn'tkillyoumakesyoustronger.CFacialexpressionsareanimportantpartofhumancommunicationthatallowustoconveyouremotions.Scientistshavefoundsimilarsignalsofemotioninothermammalssuchasdogs,pigsandmice.Althoughbirdscanproducefacialexpressionsbymovingtheirheadfeathersandflushing(发红)theirskin,itisunclearwhethertheyexpressemotionsinthisway.Toinvestigate,researchersfromINRAEandCNRS,France,filmed18femaledomesticchickensfromtwobreeds,astheyperformedroutinebehaviorsonaFrenchfarm.Theyalsofilmedthebirdswhilebeingcapturedandheldbyahuman,andwhilebeingrewardedwithanappealingfood.Theresearchersanalyzedthepositionoftheirfacialfeathersandthecoloroftheexposedskinontheirfacesinsevencontextsthatdifferedintheiremotionalvalence(效价)andlevelofexcitement.Forexample,birdspreentheirfeatherswhentheyarerelaxedandcontent,whereasreceivingarewardingfoodgenerallycausesexcitementandhappiness,andbeingcapturedisanexcitingbutfearfulexperience.Theresultssuggestedthatthepositionoftheheadfeathersandthecoloroftheskinvariedbetweencontexts.Fluffing(抖松)headfeathersweremainlyassociatedwithastateofcontentment,whereasflushingindicatedthatthebirdswerepositivelyexcitedorfearful.Thestudyisthefirsttoinvestigatefacialdisplaysofemotioninchickens,andsuggeststhatdomestichensusefacialexpressionstoshowtheiremotions,muchlikehumansandothermammalsdo.Thesefindingsofferawindowintotheemotionalexperiencesofdomesticbirds,whichcouldbeusedtoimprovethewelfareoffarmedpoultry(家禽),theresearcherssay.Theskinflushingonthefaceofthedomesticbirdsisawindowintotheiremotions.Theintensityoftheflushingvarieswithinafewsecondsdependingontheemotionalsituationstheyexperience,theresearchersadd.8.Whatweretheresearcherstryingtounderstandaboutchickens?A.Whytheymovetheirheadfeathers. B.Howtheirfacesshowtheiremotions.C.Howtheycommunicatewithhumans. D.Whattheyneedtoeattostayhealthy.9.Whydidtheresearchersfilmthechickensinvarioussituations?A.Torecordtheirdailyactivities. B.Tochecktheimpactofweather.C.Tocomparethemwithmammals. D.Toobservetheiremotionalresponses.10.Inwhichcasewillahenfluffitsheadfeathers?A.Whenit’ssatisfied. B.Whenit’sfearful.C.Whenit’stired. D.Whenit’sexcited.11.Whatfieldmighttheresearchbeappliedto?A.Psychology. B.Biology. C.Agriculture. D.Communication.DDepressionistheleadingcauseofdisabilityworldwideandisassociatedwithdisruptionstoseveralbrainandpsychologicalprocesses,includingimpairedlearningandmemory.Physicalactivity,especiallyaerobic(有氧的)exercise,hasbeenfoundtoreducedepressivesymptoms,butuntilnowtheprocessesbehindthishavebeenpoorlyunderstood.InanewreviewarticlepublishedinTranslationalPsychiatry,researchersproposeanovelassumptiontounderstandtheantidepressanteffectsofexercise.Theybelievethattheprocessmayhingeonmotivation,whichisveryimportantforrelievinganumberofsymptomsofdepression,suchasanhedonia(alackofinterestorjoyinlife'sexperiences),lowenergyand“brainfog”.Theteamsummarisedresearchpapersexploringthemechanisms(机制)ofdepressioninbothhumansandanimalsandconcludedthatdepression,especiallyanhedonia,isassociatedwithincreasedinflammation(炎症)causedbythebody'simmuneresponse.Importantly,inflammationisalsolinkedtodisruptingdopaminetransmission.Thesebiologicalchangesmayrepresentkeyprocessesleadingtochangesinmotivation,andinparticularalowerwillingnesstomakephysicalormentaleffort.Meanwhile,exercisereducesinflammation,boostsdopaminefunction,andenhancesmotivation.Theresearchersbelievethatthiscouldbeanimportantreasonastowhyexercisehasanantidepressanteffect.Theteamhopethatthisunderstandingofhowexercisereducessymptomsofdepressionwillhelptoinformthedevelopmentofnewtreatmentstrategies—suchaspersonalisedexerciseprogrammes.DrEmilyHird(UCLInstituteofCognitiveNeuroscience)said,“Understandingthemechanismsbehindtheantidepressanteffectsofphysicalactivityindepressioncouldalsoinformourunderstandingofthemechanismscausingdepressionandthedevelopmentofnovelinterventionstrategies,inparticular,personalisedintervention,andsocialprescribing.”“Itwouldbeimportanttoinvestigateanypotentialbarriertoexercise,”DrHirdadded.“Addressingbarrierstoexercise—particularlyinpeoplewithdepression—iscrucial,asregularphysicalactivitymaybeabletorelievesymptoms,enhancemoodandempowerindividualsontheirpathtorecovery.Aspartofthis,findingstrategiestoencourageexerciseiskey.”12.Whatistheimpactofdepressionworldwide?AItisthemostwidespreadillness. B.Itistheleadingcauseofdeath.C.Itleadstohighrateofdisability. D.Itbecomesthefocusofhealth.13.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“hingeon”inparagraph2?A.workon B.dependon C.puton D.geton14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsbehinddepression. B.Theconsequencesofinflammation.C.Thewaythebody'simmunesystemresponse. D.Themainpointoftheresearchteam.15.WhatdoesDrHirdstressinthelastparagraph?A.Barrierstotakingaerobicexercise. B.Theimportanceofaerobicexercise.C.Pathstorecoveryfromdepression. D.Propermethodsofencouragingexercise.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouhavethosedayswhenyousaytoyourself“Idon’tneedschool”orwhenyoujustcan'tfindthemotivationtopayattentioninschoolorgetyourhomeworkdone?____16____Herearesometipstokeepyourselfmotivatedinschoolsothatyoucansucceedandachieveyourgoals.Setconcreteacademicgoals.____17____Ifyoujustwantto“dobetter”inschool,doesthatmeananA?OraB?Areyoujusttryingtopass?Sitdownandsetspecificbenchmarksforyourself.Youmightsayyouwanttomaintainatleasta3.0GPA,orthatyouwanttogetatleastanA—inhistorythisyear.Studyefficiently.Avoidcrammingandfocusoncreatingyourownunderstanding.It’seasytojustsitinfrontofyourbookandreadpassivelywithoutreallyabsorbingtheinformation.____18____Ifyoufinditmostefficienttofocusononesubjectatatime,dothat.Ifbouncingbetweenafewsimilarsubjectshelpsyoustayontask,that’sfine,too.____19____Thiswillhelpyoucommitthematerialtomemory.It’sbettertospend10-15minutesstudyingeverynightthantotryandstuffeverythingintoonestudysessionthenightbeforethebigtest.Researchhasshownthatstuffingisoneoftheleastefficientwaystoprepareforatest,soavoiditatallcosts.Takecareofyourbody.Getplentyofsleep,eatahealthydiet,andexerciseregularly.Youcannotstaymotivatedifyou’resophysicallyundertheweatherthatyourbodycan'tfocus.Get8hoursofsleep—especiallyonschoolnights.____20____A.Stayfocusedwithmindfulnesstricks.B.Studyinawaythatmakesthemostsensetoyou.C.It'seasiertostaymotivatedifyouhavespecificgoals.D.Revieweverythingyoulearnedattheendofeachstudysession.EIt'saloteasiertostaymotivatedifyouknowyou’regoingtorelaxeventually.F.Eatadiverse,healthydietandgetplentyofphysicalactivitytoensureyou'reintip-topshape.G.You’renotalone,butdoingwellinschoolwillsetyouuptohavethelifeyouwantdowntheroad.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SawyerMcCarthycommunicatesbestthroughmusic.The13-year-oldfromSouthCarolinais____21____.Buthisothersenses-likehis____22____-arestrong.InApril,hesangthenationalanthemataColumbiaFirefliesgame,____23____millionsofviewersaroundtheworld.Withnosinginglessonsuntilveryrecently,Sawyerhas____24____thisfarwithnothingbuthisnaturaltalent.Sawyerwasbornblindbuthismother,Brianna,didn’t____25____untilhewas3monthsold.ShewastakingSawyerforastroll(散步)outsideandnoticedthattheywereindirect____26____,buthewasn'tsquinting(眯着眼看).Doctorslater____27____Sawyerwithsepto-opticdysplasia(视神经发育不良),agenetic____28____affectingonein10,000children.BriannaandherhusbandPatrickhopetheirsonwillbeabletoliveas____29____aspossible.SawyerreadsBrailleandusesacane.Buttherearealsosomedevelopmental______30______.Soontheyrealizedthatthe______31______Sawyercommunicatesbestisthroughmusic.“Healwayshasatrickfor______32______noisesthatevenwedon'tnotice,”themothersaid.Evenatsuchayoungage,Sawyerhasbig______33______.HehopestoperformonAmerica’sGotTalent-despitebeingnervous.Butnomatterwhathappens,onethingis______34______:Singingisinhispast,presentandfuture.Whenaskedabouthowhethoughtitmakespeoplefeelwhentheyhearhimsing,Sawyer______35______“Joyful”.21.A.weak B.blind C.lovely D.smart22.A.mind B.head C.hand D.voice23.A.reaching B.witnessing C.confirming D.meeting24.A.pulled B.wandered C.managed D.kept25.A.mind B.wake C.care D.know26.A.sunlight B.position C.impression D.purpose27.A.impressed B.diagnosed C.entertained D.surprised28.A.pattern B.signal C.condition D.mark29.A.independently B.continuously C.proudly D.separately30.A.currents B.procedures C.strategies D.delays31.A.view B.treat C.wish D.way32.A.tolerating B.hearing C.touching D.making33A.issues B.lectures C.ambitions D.programs34.A.atrandom B.forcertain C.inneed D.onend35.A.responded B.commented C.believed D.explained第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Alargetombdatingbackapproximately5,000yearswasdiscoveredattheWangzhuangruinsinthecityofYongcheng,CentralChina'sHenanProvince,providing____36____newsampleforstudyingthecriticalperiodoftheoriginsofChinesecivilization,Dawenkoucultureperiod(4300BC-2500BC),acultureofthelateNeolithicAge.Itisreportedthat45DawenkouculturetombswerenewlydiscoveredattheWangzhuangsite,27of____37____havealreadybeenexcavated.Someofthesetombsappear____38____(belong)tohigh-rankingofficials,presentinganumberofvaluableartifactsandpigjawbonesrepresentingwealthandmakingitoneofthe____39____(large)andmostartifact-richtombsfoundfromtheDawenkouculture.Itisinterestingtonotethatthetombwas____40____(intentional)damagedbyancientenemyforces.Onlyasmallnumberofhumanboneswerefoundinthetomb,withnocompletehumanskeleton____41____(discover).Thisdiscoveryprovidesnewevidenceforthedevelopmenttraceinancientkingdomsacrossvariousregionsduringthe____42____(form)ofChinesecivilizationaround5,000yearsago.Sofar,theWangzhuangsitehasyieldedover1,000artifacts.Based____43____theshapesofthefindings,theculturalcharacteristicsofthesitearecomplex,withthemain____44____(remain)belongingtotheDawenkouculture.Currently,theexcavationofthesiteisstillunderway.Theculturalrelicsunearthedfromthetombhavenowbeencleanedup,andthenextstep_____45_____(be)toextract(提取)themformoredetailedresearch.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，上周你参加了校英语演讲比赛。在外教Walsh的指导之下，你获得了第一名。请你给他写一封电子邮件，对他表示感谢，内容包括：1.介绍比赛情况；2.表达感谢。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Walsh,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MaycieFuselierwasawarm-heartedyoungwomanwithagenuinecareforothers.Threeyearsago,duringacharityevent,shesigneduptobeabonemarrow(骨髓)donor,hopingtomakeadifferenceinsomeone'slife.Astimepassed,thememoryofthatselflessactfadedintothebackgroundofherbusylifeasahighschoolEnglishteacher.InSeptember2022,AdamandCandaceCromerlearnedthattheirdaughter,Sophie,thenonly6yearsold,hadbeendiagnosedwithaplasticanemia,arareandseriousbonemarrowdisease.“Itwassevere,”Candacesaid.“Wedidourownresearchandfoundtheonlycureoptionwastohaveabonemarrowtransplant.”Itwasanordinary