2025北京市第一次普通高中学业水平格性考试英语仿真模拟卷02

2025年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02一、听力理解（共25小题；每小题1分，共25分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第1段材料，回答第1题。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Abook. B．Amovie. C．Awar.听第2段材料，回答第2题。2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Bepatient. B．Getofftheplane. C．Sitatthefront.3．Whatisthemantryingtodo?A．Givefirstaid. B．Dobreathingexercises. C．Relaxhimself.听第4段材料，回答第4题。4．Howmuchisthetelephonebillthismonth?A．$30. B．$100. C．$130.听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。5．Howoldisthedaughter?A．Twoyearsold. B．Threeyearsold. C．Fouryearsold.6．What’sthematterwiththewoman’sdaughter?A．Sheisill. B．Shehasafever. C．Shedranksomeink.听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。7．WhyaretheBlacksmovingtoAustralia?A．MrBlackhasfoundanewjobthere.B．Theyhavemanyfriendsthere.C．MrsBlackwantstoteachthere.8．WhatmightMrsBlackdoinMelbourne?A．Ateacher. B．Ahousewife. C．Aclerk.听第7段材料，回答第9题至第11题。9．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Bookaroom. B．Changerooms. C．Checkout.10．Whenisthecheck-outtime?A．12:00atnoon. B．10:00inthemorning. C．2:00intheafternoon.11．Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanlike?A．OnefacingtheBigBen.B．OnefacingtheThamesRiver.C．OnefacingtheLondonBridge.听第8段材料，回答第12题至第14题。12．WhydoesthemanrecommendMuseMagazinetothewoman?A．It’shelpfulforschoolwork.B．It’saboutscienceandnature.C．Ithaslotsofinspiringstories.13．Howoldisthewoman’ssonnow?A．8. B．9. C．14.14．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Getbacktoheroffice. B．Buythemagazine. C．Askforherson’sopinion.听第9段材料，回答第15题至第17题。15．WhyisJoe’sbikeupsidedown?A．Heischeckingit. B．Hekeepsitthatway. C．Hehadanaccident.16．HowoftendoesJoeoilhisbike?A．Onceayear. B．Onceamonth. C．Onceaweek.17．Whichpartofthebikedoesthemansayneedschangingmostoften?A．Theseat. B．Thewheels. C．Thechain.听第10段材料，回答第18题至第20题。18．Whatisthepurposeofthestaffmeeting?A．TofindwaystohelpMrs.Smith.B．TohearhowMrs.Smithisdoing.C．Tofigureoutwhat’swrongwithMrs.Smith.19．WheredidMrs.Smithfeelthepain?A．Inherarm. B．Inherlung. C．Inhershoulder.20．HowlonghasMrs.Smithworkedatthecompany?A．Overfiveyears. B．Aboutthreemonths. C．Lessthantwoweeks.第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。听下面一段独白,根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。AWeatherReportinAustraliaNewSouthWalesThereisawarninginplaceasbush21spread.QueenslandAtleast22inchesofrainareexpectedtofalloverthenext24hours.NorthernTerritoryResidentsshouldonlyexperiencelightshowers,anditwillremaindryandcloudyuntil23evening.PerthTherewillbeacalm24thatmaybecomestrongertowardstheendoftheweek.GeraldtonRainshowerswillcomeinfromthe25butshoulddisappearlater.二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。24-year-oldVictoriaArlenhasasaying:“FaceIt,EmbraceIt,DefyIt,ConquerIt.”ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.____1____,whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).Threeandahalfyearslater,hermindawokebutherbodydidn’t.Shecould____3____theoutsideworld,butnoonewasawareofthis.Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.”____5____,Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.Onedayin2010,Arlenwasfinallyabletosenda____6____tothem:sheblinked(眨眼).Afterthat,sheslowlylearnedhowtomove,eat,andspeakagain.Shewaspracticallyheroldself,exceptthatherlegswereparalysed(瘫痪的).Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife,butshedidn’tletthisgether____7____.Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcitedtoreturntoher____8____life.Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhardto____9____.Shealsogotbackintothepool,learningtoswimwithouttheuseofherlegs.Twoyearslater,shecompetedinthe2012ParalympicGamesinLondon,______10______threesilvermedalsandagoldmedal.AfterhersuccessintheParalympics,Arlen’s______11______storyspread.Shebegantospeakateventsandontelevision.OneTVprogrammetooknoticeofher,andshebecameoneoftheiryoungesthostseveratage21.Duringallthis,Arlennevergaveupon______12______again.Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.She______13______learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars”,achildhooddreamofhers.Today,Arlenisdevotedto______14______others.ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisabilityandhascontinuedtoinspirepeoplewithheramazingstoryofperseverance(不屈不挠的精神).Forher,it’sallaboutgivingothers______15______andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.1.A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Instead2.A.lost B.sick C.angry D.bored3.A.smell B.see C.hear D.touch4.A.forget B.know C.believe D.make5.A.Thankfully B.Unfortunately C.Strangely D.Regretfully6.A.wave B.report C.signal D.letter7.A.down B.off C.in D.away8.A.hard B.normal C.modern D.private9.A.compete B.run C.play D.graduate10.A.returning B.selling C.designing D.winning11A.funny B.ordinary C.inspiring D.simple12.A.walking B.jumping C.climbing D.talking13.A.only B.just C.still D.even14.A.following B.helping C.visiting D.greeting15.A.truth B.luck C.hope D.notice【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D10.D11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是残疾人Arlen克服残疾，成为残奥会游泳金牌得主、电视节目主持人和励志演说家以及她建立慈善组织帮助他人的励志故事。1题；考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她11岁的时候，她突然生病了。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否认；D.Instead反而。根据上文的“Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.”可知，Arlen是一个活泼喜欢游泳和跳舞的孩子，结合下文的“whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.”可知，在她11岁的时候应该是发生了不幸的事情，上下文之间为转折关系，所以此处表示“然而”符合逻辑。故选A项。2题；考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她11岁的时候，她突然生病了。A.lost丢失的；B.sick生病的；C.angry生气的；D.bored厌倦的。根据下文的“Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).”可知，她的情况越来越糟糕，最后陷入昏迷，由此可知，此处指的是她突然生病了，符合语境。故选B项。3题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：她能听到外面世界的声音，但没有人意识到这一点。A.smell闻；B.see看见；C.hear听见；D.touch触碰。根据下文的“Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.”可知，她能听到一声跟她家人说的话，所以此处指的是“听见”。故选C项。4题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回忆起医生告诉她的家人，她可能活不下去了。A.forget忘记；B.know知道；C.believe相信；D.make制作。根据下文的“Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.””可知，她听到医生对家人说的话，她一直在和放弃的想法作斗争，她有很多想要活下去的事情，由此可推断，此处指的是医生跟她家人说的是她核能活不下去了，makeit意为“幸免于难，渡过难关”符合语境。故选D项。5题；考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，Arlen的家人从未放弃过她。A.Thankfully幸亏；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Regretfully遗憾地。根据语境和下文的“Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.”可知，在医生告诉她的家人，她活不了后，她的家人没有放弃，所以此处应为“幸亏”符合语境。故选A项。6题；考查名词词义辨析。句意：2010年的一天，Arlen终于能够向他们发出一个信号：她眨眼了。A.wave波浪；B.report报告；C.signal信号；D.letter信件。根据下文的“sheblinked.”可知，她眨了下眼，这是Arlen身体能动的一个信号，符合语境。故选C项。7题；考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：医生说她将在轮椅上度过余生，但她并没有因此而沮丧。A.down沮丧，情绪低落；B.off不新鲜；C.in在里面；D.away离开。根据常理和上文的“Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife”可知，医生说她将会余生在轮椅上度过，结合but可知，此处指的是这样的信息没有让她感到沮丧。故选A项。8题；考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然不能走路，阿伦还是很兴奋能回到正常的生活。A.hard困难的；B.normal正常的；C.modern现代的；D.private私人的。根据上文的“Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcited”以及下文的“Shewentbacktoschooland…”可知，虽然不能走路，但是Arlen仍然很高兴，而且她能重回学校上学，由此可知，此处指的是她很高兴能过上正常的生活。故选B项。9题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回到学校，努力学习毕业。A.compete竞争；B.run运行；C.play玩耍；D.graduate毕业。根据常理和上文的“Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhard”可知，她重回学校并且努力学习为了可以毕业。故选D项。10题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，她参加了2012年伦敦残奥会，赢得了三枚银牌和一枚金牌。A.returning归还；B.selling售卖；C.designing设计；D.winning赢得。根据下文的“AfterhersuccessintheParalympics”可知，她在残奥会上取得成功，由此可知，此指的是赢得了三枚银牌和一枚金牌。故选D项。11题；考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她在残奥会上取得成功后，Arlen鼓舞人心的故事传开了。A.funny滑稽可笑的；B.ordinary普通的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.simple简单的。根据上文的“ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.”可知，Arlen克服残疾，成为残奥会游泳金牌得主、电视节目主持人和励志演说家，由此可知，关于她的故事应该是鼓舞热心的。故选C项。12题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，Arlen从来没有放弃过行走。A.walking走路；B.jumping跳跃；C.climbing攀爬；D.talking谈话。根据语境和下文的“Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.”可知，一个康复中心愿意帮助她再站起来，由此可知，此处指的是Arlen从未放弃过能够走路，符合语境。故选A项。13题；考查副词词义辨析。句意：她甚至学会了跳舞，并参加了“与星共舞”的比赛，这是她童年的梦想。A.only仅仅；B.just恰好；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。根据上文的“Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.”可知，在经过高强度的训练，她学会了走路，结合下文的“learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars””可知，她学会了跳舞，还参加“与星共舞”的比赛，这比简单的学会走路难度更大，由此可知，此处应为“甚至”符合语境。故选D项。14题；考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，Arlen致力于帮助他人。A.following跟随；B.helping帮助；C.visiting参观；D.greeting问候。根据下文的“ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisability…”可知，她成立了维多利亚胜利基金会来帮助那些残疾人，由此可知，此处指的是Arlen致力于帮助他人。故选B项。15题；考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，这一切都是为了给别人希望，告诉他们没有什么是不可能的。A.truth真理；B.luck幸运；C.hope希望；D.notice注意。根据下文的“andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.”可知，她告诉他们没有什么是不可能的，由此可知，这给人们带来的是希望。故选C项。三、阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADearstudent,Welcometoourschool.Thisbooklethassomeusefulinformationaboutyournewschool.Readitcarefully.TimesoftheSchoolDayStudentsshouldarriveatschoolat8:00am.Onmostschooldaystheschoolclosesat5:00pm.Studentsmustleavethesitebefore4:00pm.UniformStudentsmustweartheschooluniform(校服).Allitemsofclothingmustbeclearlymarkedwiththestudent’sname.—whiteshirt(boys),blue/whiteblouse(girls);—greysuit(boys),greyskirtandnavy-bluepullover(girls);—blueandwhitetie(boys),tiesnotnecessary(girls);—darkgreysocks(boys),white/navysocks(girls);—blackshoes(notrainersorboots).SchoolLunchesWehaveapopularcafeteriawhichserveshotandcoldmeals.Foragoodmiddaymealyouneedtospendabout£1.85.Studentswhobringtheirsandwiches/packedlunchescaneattheminthedininghall.Studentsmustnotleavetheschoolduringthelunchhour.LibraryThelibraryisonthe1stfloor.ItisopenMondaytoFridayfrom8:30am—1:15pmand1:25pm—4:00pmforstudents,teachersandparents.AbsencefromSchoolWhenachildcan’tcometoschool,weaskparentstophonetheschoolonthefirstdayofabsence.Whenthestudentreturnstoschool,he/sheshouldbringaletterfromtheirparentstoexplaintheirabsence.16．Whatisapropertimeforstudentstogettoschool?A．7:30am. B．8:00am. C．4:00pm. D．5:00pm.17．Howmuchshouldstudentspayfortheirlunchesatschoolcafeteria?A．£2.05. B．£1.85. C．£3.85. D．£1.08.18．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthisschool?A．Studentsmustputtheirnameontheuniforms. B．Allstudentsmustweartiestoschool.C．Girlsmustweardarkgreysocks. D．Boysmustwearboots.19．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Thelibraryisopenonlyforstudents.B．Lunchintheschoolisfreeforstudents.C．Studentscanbeabsentfromschoolastheylike.D．Studentsmuststayatschoolduringlunchhour.【答案】16．B17．B18．A19．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则学校的规定手册，包括上学时间、制服、午餐图书馆使用以及离校等注意事项。16．细节理解题。根据TimesoftheSchoolDay部分中“Studentsshouldarriveatschoolat8:00am.(学生应该在早上8点到达学校)”可知，学生到校的合适时间是早上8点。故选B。17．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Foragoodmiddaymealyouneedtospendabout£1.85.(要吃一顿丰盛的午餐，你大约需要花费1.85英镑)”可知，学生在学校食堂吃午餐应该付£1.85。故选B。18．细节理解题。根据Uniform部分中“Studentsmustweartheschooluniform(校服).Allitemsofclothingmustbeclearlymarkedwiththestudent’sname.(学生必须穿校服。所有的衣服必须清楚地标明学生的名字)”可知，学生必须在校服上写上自己的名字。故选A。19．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Studentsmustnotleavetheschoolduringthelunchhour.(学生在午餐时间不得离开学校)”可知，学生在午餐时间必须呆在学校。故选D。BFruitForAllOnedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.Selbyaskedcommunitymemberstocallorcontacthimonlineandlethimknowwhethertheyhadtreeswithextrafruit.Atfirst,itwasdifficulttofindpeoplewhowerewillingtocontributethefruitintheirtrees.ButasnewsofSelby’sideaspread,peoplecontactedhim.Soon,FFAwasreally“growing”!WiththehelpofhisbrotherJackandothervolunteers,Selbyhasgatheredanddonatedmorethan70,000poundsoffruittolocalfoodbanks.Thegroupusuallyworksontheweekends,andthevolunteerstravelasfaras20milesfromSelby’shouse.Thevolunteersusuallygatherabout500poundsoffruiteachweekend.Butoneweekendtheycollectedover2,000poundsoffruit!FFAalsohasawebsitethatexplainsthegroup’sgoal,whichistoinspirepeopletohelp.Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.PeoplewhoareinterestedcanalsousethewebsitetoaskSelbyandJackquestionsandpostcomments.Morevolunteersarejoiningin.Althoughthecontributionsmightbesmall,theycanmakeabigdifference.WiththehelpfromgroupslikeFFA,morepeopleareabletoenjoydeliciousfruit.20.WhatdoesFFAdo?A.Itoffersfruitclasses. B.Itgrowsandsellsfruit.C.Itbuildsafoodfactory. D.Itcollectsanddonatesfruit.21.WhatdidSelbyneedtomakeFFAsuccessfulatthestart?A.Foodmarkets. B.Volunteers.C.Websitedesigners. D.Money.22.WebsitevisitorscanhelpFFAby________.A.explainingitsgoal B.visitingneighboursC.startingtheirlocalFFA D.developinginterestinplanting23.WhatkindofboyisSelbyaccordingtothepassage?A.Caring. B.Patient. C.Polite. D.Strict.【答案】20.D21.B22.C23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述ZachSelby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。20题；细节理解题。由文章第一段“Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”可知，FFA主要工作是收集和捐赠水果。故选D项。21题；细节理解题。由文章第二段“TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.(为了使FFA取得成功，Selby需要热心的志愿者和结满果实的树木。)”可知，Selby需要志愿者让FFA在一开始就取得成功。故选B项。22题；细节理解题。由文章第四段“Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.(该网站的访问者学习了三种参与方式。他们可以让志愿者从他们的树上摘水果。他们可以自愿摘水果。他们可以在自己的地区成立一个FFA小组。)”可知，网站访问者可以通过启动当地的FFA来帮助FFA。故选C项。23题；推理判断题。由文章第一段“Onedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(2020年一天，一位名叫ZachSelby的高中生找到了一种帮助需要食物的人的方法。他了解到的组织从果树上摘下多余的水果，并将其捐给当地的食品银行。Selby决定他可以在附近成立自己的团体。他称该组织为“全民水果”（FFA）。这是一个非营利组织，从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲ZachSelby创建FFA非营利组织，来从房主的树上收集额外的水果，并将其捐赠给当地的食品银行。由此可知，ZachSelby是一个充满关爱的人。故选A项。CThinkbacktoyourfirstmemory.Howoldwereyouatthetime?Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.Sowhyisitthatwecan’trememberbeingababy?Theanswerliesinthewaythatourbrain’sabilitytostorememorieschangesaswegrow.Atbirth,ababy’sbrainisonlyaquarterofitsadultsize,growingtothree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrainbyagetwo.Thisincreaseisassociatedwithagrowthinthenumberofbraincells—calledneurons(神经元)—andtheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Apartofthebrainthatisparticularlyimportantinformingmemoriesisthehippocampus(海马体),saysDrDhanishaJhaveri,aresearcheratTheUniversityofQueensland.Thisregionstoresautobiographicalmemoriesfromspecificeventsinourlives.“Inthehippocampus,newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated.Inadulthood,newcellsarestillbeingproduced,buttherateofproductioninthehippocampusslowsdown,”saysDrJhaveri.Neuroscientistsbelievethattherapidrateatwhichbraincellsarebeingproducedinchildhoodcouldbethecauseofinfantileamnesia.Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(扰乱)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.Despitethismemoryloss,childhoodexperienceshavebeenfoundtoinfluenceadultbehaviouryearslater,whichsuggeststhattracesofthesememoriescouldbestoredsomewhereinthebrainthatisn’teasytoaccess.Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潜在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(触发)byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.24．Whatisinfantileamnesia?A．Theinabilitytoformmemoriesduringadulthood. B．Theinabilitytorecallearlyexperiences.C．Theinfluenceonexistingmemorynetworks. D．Theinfluenceonmentalandemotionalwell-being.25．Whatdowelearnaboutthebrainaccordingtothepassage?A．Newneuronsdisruptexistingmemorycircuits. B．Thehippocampusplaysapassiveroleinone’smemory.C．Ababy’sbrainisthree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrain. D．Braincellsarebeingproducedmorerapidlyinadulthood.26．Whatdoestheresearchinanimalsshow?A．Memoriesarestoredseparatelyintheirbrain. B．Memoriesaremainlyformedwhentheyareyoung.C．Earlyexperienceshavealong-termimpactonlife. D．Earlyexperiencesareeasytobetriggeredbyareminder.27．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheFormationofEarlyChildhoodMemoriesB．TheImpactofInfantileAmnesiaonMemoryNetworksC．TheRoleoftheHippocampusinMemoryFormationD．TheInfluenceofEarlyLifeExperiencesonMentalWell-being【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．B【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是婴儿健忘症并分析了婴儿健忘症的原因以及婴儿健忘症对人体记忆网的影响。24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能记不起幼儿园或者小学前的任何事情了——你对第一个单词、走的第一步和吃的第一个固体食物一无所知。除了父母后来告诉你的那些东西。这种现象被称为“婴儿健忘症”，因此大多数成年人很少记得三岁前发生的在他们身上的事情。)”可知，“婴儿健忘症”指的是很少有人记得三岁前发生在他们身上的事情，故选B。25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(扰乱)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.(因为太多的新的神经元正在产生，并在记忆电路中相互连接，它们可能会扰乱已经形成的现有记忆网。)”可知，太多的神经元产生了，可能会扰乱现有的记忆网，故选A。26．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潜在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(触发)byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.(在对动物的研究中，科学家们发现潜在的早期经历的痕迹会在大脑中保留很长一段时间，以后可能会被提醒出来。它强调了早期生活经历对以后生活的心理和情感健康的重要影响。)”可知，早期的经历会在大脑中保留很长的时间，对以后的心理和情感造成了一定的影响，故早期的经历对生活有着长远的影响，故选C。27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能记不起幼儿园或者小学前的任何事情了——你对第一个单词、走的第一步和吃的第一个固体食物一无所知。除了父母后来告诉你的那些东西。这种现象被称为“婴儿健忘症”，因此大多数成年人很少记得三岁前发生的在他们身上的事情。)”以及后文对婴儿健忘症对人的影响的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了什么是婴儿健忘症并分析了婴儿健忘症的原因以及婴儿健忘症对人体记忆网的影响，故B项“婴儿健忘症对人体记忆网的影响”符合文章标题，故选B。DWhenscientistsgotoaforesttostudymonkeysandtheirhabitsandbehaviors,howdotheyknowwho’swho?Inthepast,scientistshadtomakemarksoneachoftheanimalstodistinguishthem.Butinthefuture,theymayhaveamucheasierwaytotellthemapartthankstofacialrecognitiontechnology.AresearchteamfromChina’sNorthwestUniversityisusingfacialrecognitiontechnologytoidentifythousandsofsnub-nosedmonkeysthatliveonQinlingMountaininShaanxiprovince.Similartohumanfacialrecognition,thetechnologythatisusedtoidentifymonkeysusestheirfacialfeaturestocreateadatabasethatincludeseverymonkey,Xinhuareported.“Whenthesystemisfullydeveloped,wecanconnectitwithcamerassetupinthemountains.Thesystemwillautomaticallyrecognizethemonkeys,namethemandanalyzetheirbehavior,”saidZhangHe,amemberoftheresearchteam.“Foreachsnub-nosedmonkey,wehave700to800imagesamples,andtherecognitionsuccessrateis94percent,”Zhangadded.“Weusedmobilephonesandportablecameraswiththemonkeysintestsatdistancesrangingfromabout3to10meters,”saidHeGang,amemberoftheresearchteamandanassociateprofessorintheCollegeofLifeSciencesatNorthwestUniversity.“Thereisnoneedtointerferewiththemonkeys.Suchamethodofsamplingisclearlynon-invasive.”Comparedtohumans,facialrecognitiontechnologyformonkeysismorecomplicatedbecauseoftheirhairierfaces.Thecoloroftheirhaircausesthemtoblendintotheirenvironment.Thesefactorsmakeitharderforcomputerstoidentifythem.“Monkeysdonotcooperatewithresearchersinthesamewayhumansdo.Itisdifficulttotakehigh-qualitypicturesandvideosofthem,whichareneededtoimprovethesystem,”saidLiBaoguo,leaderoftheresearchteam.Currently,thereareabout4,000snub-nosedmonkeyslivingonQinlingMountain.Theteam’sgoalistosuccessfullyidentifyeverymonkeythatlivesthere.28．Whatproblemdoscientistsfacewhilestudyingmonkeysaccordingtothetext?A．Howtomarkthem. B．Howtodistinguishthem.C．Howtounderstandtheirbehavior. D．Howtoobservethemclearly29．Whatdoesthearticletellusaboutfacialrecognitiontechnologyformonkeys?A．ItisnowwidelyadoptedinChina.B．Itworksbetterthanhumanfacialrecognition.C．Itwillusemonkeys’behaviortocreateadatabase.D．Itcanhelpscientistsstudymonkeyswithoutdisturbingthem.30．Accordingtotheleaderoftheteam,whatisthedifficultyinimprovingthesystem?A．Lesscooperativemonkeys.B．Hardforcomputerstoidentifythemonkeys.C．photosandvideosofhighquality.D．Toomanymonkeystoidentify.31．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A．Tointroduceanewwaytoidentifymonkeys.B．Toshowtheimportanceofstudyingmonkeys.C．Tocomparedifferentwaystoidentifymonkeys.D．Toexplaindifficultiesindevelopinganewsystem.【答案】28．B29．D30．A31．A【解析】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Whenscientistsgotoaforesttostudymonkeysandtheirhabitsandbehaviors,howdotheyknowwho’swho?(当科学家们去森林里研究猴子和它们的习惯和行为时，他们怎么知道谁是谁？)”可知，科学家在研究猴子的时候，遇到的最大的问题是如何区分猴子。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Thereisnoneedtointerferewiththemonkeys.Suchamethodofsamplingisclearlynon-invasive.(没有必要干扰猴子。这种取样方法显然是非侵入性的。)”可知，猴脸识别技术可以帮助科学家在不打扰猴子的情况下研究它们。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘Monkeysdonotcooperatewithresearchersinthesamewayhumansdo.Itisdifficulttotakehigh-qualitypicturesandvideosofthem,whichareneededtoimprovethesystem,’saidLiBaoguo,leaderoftheresearchteam.(‘猴子不像人类那样与研究人员合作。很难拍摄高质量的猴子照片和视频，这是改进系统所必需的，’研究小组组长李保国说。)”可知，改进系统的难处在于猴子不配合。故选A。31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Butinthefuture,theymayhaveamucheasierwaytotellthemapartthankstofacialrecognitiontechnology.(但在未来，由于面部识别技术，他们可能会有一种更容易的方法来区分他们。)”和第三段“AresearchteamfromChina’sNorthwestUniversityisusingfacialrecognitiontechnologytoidentifythousandsofsnub-nosedmonkeysthatliveonQinlingMountaininShaanxiprovince.(中国西北大学的一个研究小组正在使用面部识别技术来识别生活在陕西省秦岭的数千只金丝猴。)”可知，本文主要介绍了中国西北大学的一个研究小组开发的猴脸识别技术，用来识别和区分金丝猴，由此可推测出，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种识别猴子的新方法。故选A。第二节（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Isillremembermyfirstdayofsecondgrade.Iwasledtoaclassroom.Noteacheryet.Girlstalkingandlaughing.Boysplayinggames.Itooksomepaperandapencil,pickedadesk,andwenttowork.Minuteslater,agirlcameoverandsatontopofmydesk.“Whatareyoudoing?”shesaid.“IamdoingFunwithNumber”Ireplied.ThenIrosefrommyseattogetmypencilsharpener.IhadnoideathatwhenIstood,thedeskwouldfalloverandhurtherleg.HernamewasLucy.Fromthatdayonwegottoknoweachother,andshebecamemybestfriend.Nowwehavebeenclosefriendsformorethan60years.Weoftengettogetherandrecallthepast.SomeTVadvertisementstrytotelluswhatchildrenneedforschool,newshoes,clothes,andschoolbags.Butreally,children’sneedsaresimple.Besidesthebasics—tobefed,caredfor,andloved—theyneedthegiftoffriendship.Foryears,Ifearedhowpeoplesawme.Butoneday,IfinallyunderstoodIdidn’tneedtobesmartorprettyorpopular,butjustneededtobekind.MygrandsonWilliamrecentlyfinishedhispreschoolandreceivedaprizefor“friendship”.EvenanOlympicmedalwouldn’tmakemeprouder!Ithinkchildrenneedtoknowthattheyareloved.Theyneedtoknowtheyhavealltheyneedandthatthebestwaytowinfriendsistobekind.32．WhenandwheredidtheauthormeetLucyforthefirsttime?(nomorethan12words)33．WhatwastheauthordoingwhenLucycameover?(nomorethan6words)34．HowdoLucyandtheauthorkeeptheirfriendshipgrowing?(nomorethan8words)35．Besidesthebasics,whatdochildrenneedforahappyschoollife?(nomorethan6words)【答案】32．Theymetintheclassroomonthefirstdayofsecondgrade.33．HewasdoingFunwithNumber./ShewasdoingFunwithNumber.34．Theyoftengettogetherandrecallthepast.35．Theyneed(the