老高考旧教材适用2025版高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解考点分类练十主旨大意题-标题归纳类

考点分类练(十)主旨大意题——标题归纳类Passage1(2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔三模)Withnationspreparingtospendbillionstoredesigntheircitieswithanewfocusoncycling,it’sworthrememberinghowtheinventionofthebicyclechangedsocietiesallovertheworld.ThepersongenerallycreditedwithinventingthemodernbicyclewasanEnglishmannamedJohnKempStarley.In1885,the30-year-oldinventorbeganexperimentinginhisworkshopwithachain-drivenbicyclefeaturingtwomuchsmallerwheels.Whenitfirstappearedatabicycleshowin1886,hisinventionwasregardedasacuriosity.Buttwoyearslater,whenthenextmodelwaspairedwiththenewlyinventedrubbertire—whichnotonlycushionedtheridebutalsomadethenewbicycleabout30percentfaster—theresultwasmagic.Forafewyearsinthe1890s,almostanyonewantedtolearntoride,andalmosteveryonedid.ThekingofZanzibartookupcycling.SodidtheemperorofRussia.Butitwasthemiddleandworkingclassesaroundtheglobethattrulymadethebicycletheirown.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themasseswereabletocomeandgoastheypleased.Nomoreneedforexpensivehorsesandcarriages.Therocketingdemandledhundredsofnewcompaniesaroundtheworldtooffertheirownversions.AttheStanleyBicycleShowinLondonin1895,about200bicyclemakersexhibited3,000models.OneofthebiggestmakerswasColumbiaBicycles,whosefactoryinHartford,Connecticut,couldturnoutabicycleaminutethankstoitsautomatedassemblyline(流水线)—apioneeringtechnologythatonedaywouldbecomethebackboneoftheautomobileindustry.By1898,athirdofallpatentapplicationsintheUSwerebicycle-related.Thebicycleevenimprovedthehumangenepool.Newlyliberatedyoungpeoplerodearoundthecountrysideatwill,meetingupindistantvillages.Womenwereespeciallyenthusiastic.Theyabandonedtheirtroublesomeskirtsandtooktotheroadingroups.MarriagerecordsinEnglandshowamarkedriseininter-villagemarriagesduringthebicyclecrazeofthe1890s.1.WhatcanweknowaboutJohnKempStarley’sfirstmodel?A.Itwasinventedin1888.B.Ithadtwobiggerwheels.C.Itdidnothaverubbertires.D.Itwasacceptedimmediately.2.Whenwerebicycleswidelyadoptedbythepublic?A.Inthe1860s.B.Inthe1870s.C.Inthe1880s. D.Inthe1890s.3.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thefastgrowingdemandforbicycles.B.Thehugesuccessofthebicycleindustry.C.Thegreatconvenienceofferedbybicycles.D.Thepopularityofthenewlyinventedbicycles.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowHaveBicyclesChangedOurWorld?B.WhichCountryInventedtheFirstBicycle?C.WhoIstheInventoroftheFirstBicycle?D.WhatLedtotheGeneticImprovement?Passage2(2024吉林白山一模)Microplasticsare“oneofthegreatestman-madedisastersofourtime”,accordingtotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.That’sbadnews,giventheyarealsoeverywhere:intapwater,thefoodyoubuy,theclothesyouwearandtheairyoubreathe.Thelargestmicroplasticscanbeseenbythenakedeyeandareanythingunderhalfacentimetreinsize.Butmanyofthemaresmallenoughtoactlikespotsofdustwhichwecanunconsciouslybreatheinoreatinfood.Thesmallestparticlesarecallednanoplasticsandtheyaresmallenoughtogettheirwaydeepintothehumanbody.NewfindingsfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthshowthatthereissomuchsyntheticmaterialinourhomesthatwemightbebreathinginupto7,000microplasticparticlesaday.Usingspecialequipment,researchersmeasuredatypicalfamilyhomeandfoundthehighestconcentrationofitwasinthebedroomoftheeight-year-olddaughter,whoseroomwasdecoratedwithplastic-basedbedding,carpetandsofttoys.Althoughresearchisinitsearlystage,therisksoftheseplasticscouldbeserious—somestudieshavelinkedhighexposuretocancerriskanddisruptingourhormones.Inanimalstudies,theparticleshavebeenshowntoaffectmetabolism,gutbacteriaandtheimmunesystem,amongotherthings.Itisnotyetknownwhatahealthylevelofmicroplasticsmightlooklike,butDrSabineDonnai,CEOoftheViaviclinic,thinksthatmanypeopleintheWestareoverthelimit.Intestsatherclinic,patientsoftencomebackwithdangerouslyhighlevelsofplasticintheirbodies,shesays.5.Whatdoesparagraph2talkabout?A.Theseriousnessofmicroplastics.B.Thesizeofmicroplastics.C.Thesolutiontomicroplastics.D.Theeffectofmicroplastics.6.Howdidresearchersdeterminetheamountofmicroplasticsofahome?A.Withtechnicalequipment.B.Byreferringtopreviousdata.C.Throughexperiments.D.Byobservingenvironment.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disrupting”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Deciding. B.Disturbing.C.Discovering. D.Defending.8.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewstudyfoundmicroplasticsB.MicroplasticsarefoundinclothesC.MicroplasticsarethreateningourlifeD.WebreatheinmicroplasticseverydayPassage3(2024吉林长春三模)Metahaslauncheditsfirstpairofsmartglasses,whichhousespeakersandcameras,builtwitheyewearfirmRay-Ban.Theglasses,whichareavailableinarangeofcoloursandstyles,arepricedat￡299andwillbeavailablefromSeptember13.CalledRay-BanStories,theglassesfeaturetwofive-megapixelcamerastotakephotosandvideos,aswellasbuilt-inmicrophonesandspeakersenablinguserstomakecallsandlistentoaudio.Theglassesalsocomewithbuilt-inLEDlightstoletpeoplenearbyknowwhentheweareristakingaphotoorvideoandpairwiththenewMetaViewapp,whichenablesuserstosharecontentfromtheglassestotheirsocialmediaaccounts.Announcingthenewhardware,Metaacknowledgedthatprivacywasakeyissueithadlookedtoaddresswhencreatingthenewdevice.“Aswithanynewdevice,wehaveabigresponsibilitytohelppeoplefeelcomfortableandprovidepeaceofmind,andthatgoesnotonlyfordeviceownersbutthepeoplearoundthem,too,”thesocialnetworksaidinablogpost.Metasaiditwouldalsoofferguidancetousersonhowtosafelyusetheglasseswithregardtoothers.“We’vedevelopedguidelinesforwhatisandisn’tanappropriateuseoftheglasses,someofwhicharesurfacedrightintheappduringonboarding,andwhichareavailableinfullonlineonourdedicatedprivacymicrositeforRay-BanStories.”“Thesetipsincluderespectingpeople’spreferencesiftheyaskyoutostoprecordingordon’twanttobeinaphotoorvideo,notcapturingphotosandvideoswhiledriving,andturningofftheglassesinprivateareaslikeplacesofworship,adoctor’soffice,orlockerrooms.”9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.ThesmartglassesaremadebyMetaindependently.B.Theglasseshavemorethantwofive-megapixelcameras.C.Userscansharecontentfromtheglasseswiththeirfriends.D.Thebuild-inLEDlightshelptakebetterpictures.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.TheglasseswillbeahitwithMetausers.B.PeoplecanbuytheglassesatthestartofSeptember.C.Thetipsonsafeuseoftheglassesarenotfree.D.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasywhenbeingcaughtoncamera.11.WhatisMeta’sattitudetotheissueofprivacy?A.Serious. B.Indifferent.C.Negative. D.Objective.12.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SafetyGuidelinesforGlassesUsersB.Meta’sReleaseofSmartGlassesC.PrivacyRelatedtoNewTechnologyD.Users’FeedbackonSmartGlasses

考点分类练(十)主旨大意题——标题归纳类Passage1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行车的独创历史及其给世界带来的巨大影响。1.C解析推理推断题。依据其次段中“Buttwoyearslater...theresultwasmagic.”可反推,他的第一代自行车是没有塑料轮胎的。2.D解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Forafewyearsinthe1890s,almostanyonewantedtolearntoride,andalmosteveryonedid.”及最终一段中“MarriagerecordsinEnglandshowamarkedriseininter-villagemarriagesduringthebicyclecrazeofthe1890s.”可知,自行车是在19世纪90年头被大众广泛采纳的。3.B解析推理推断题。依据第四段中“Therocketingdemandled...bicyclemakersexhibited3,000models.”及“By1898,athirdofallpatentapplicationsintheUSwerebicycle-related.”可推断,本段主要是用数据说明该行业的空前旺盛。4.A解析主旨大意题。通读全文,特殊是第一段可知,本文主要介绍了自行车的独创给世界带来的巨大影响。Passage2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白微塑料无处不在,介绍了微塑料的大小,以及新发觉表明家里的合成材料如此之多,以至于我们每天可能会吸入多达7000个微塑料颗粒。5.B解析段落大意题。依据其次段可知,其次段讲的是微塑料的大小。6.A解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Usingspecialequipment...carpetandsofttoys.”可知,探讨人员运用技术仪器确定一个家庭的微塑料含量。7.B解析词义揣测题。依据画线词上文“Althoughresearchisinitsearlystage,therisksoftheseplasticscouldbeserious—somestudieshavelinkedhighexposuretocancerrisk”以及下文“I