2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6EarthfirstSectionⅡUsinglanguage学案外研版必修第二册

SectionⅡUsinglanguage1.devotev．致力，献身，倾注；投身❶QianXuesendevotedhimselfentirelytoscience.钱学森完全投身于科学事业。❷Asweallknow,heisagenerous,devoted,reliableandwarm­heartedfriend.我们都知道，他是一个慷慨、忠诚、牢靠和热心的挚友。[归纳探究]devoteoneselfto＝bedevotedto献身于；致力于devoteone'slife/time/energy/attentionto把某人的生命/时间/精力/留意力奉献于……bedevotedtosb.忠于……bedevotedto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事；投身于某事devotionn.酷爱；奉献[联想拓展]由介词to构成的其后要接名词、代词或v.­ing形式作宾语的短语：bedevotedto奉献于……beaccustomedto习惯于……objectto反对……getusedto习惯于……getdownto起先做……beopposedto反对……beaddictedto对……着迷lookforwardto盼望……stickto坚持……[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.②Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifeto________(help)others.③Fanswillshowtheir________(devote)bywaitingforhourstogetticketsfortheirfavouritesinger'sconcert.④Youwillneverachievesuccessunlessyou________________(致力于)yourwork.⑤Hewasdeterminedto________________(将自己的余生献给)folkmusic.2．damagev.&n．损坏；破坏；破损，损害，损伤Smokingcandamageyourhealth.抽烟会损害你的健康。[归纳探究]do/causedamageto...对……造成损害causeseriousdamagetotheenvironment对环境造成严峻的破坏damageone'shealth损害某人的健康[联想拓展]“破坏”三兄弟damagevt.损失；损害destroyvt.毁坏；毁掉ruinvt.毁灭[即学即练]完成句子/选词填空①Theoldfarmerwasveryupsetbecausethestrongwinds________________(给……带来很大损害)hiswheat.eq\x(damage/ruin/destroy)②Youhave________mybike;you'dbettergetitrepaired.③Mycarwas________inanaccident,andIhavetobuyanewone.④Toourdisappointment,thebadweather________ourtrip.⑤Theaccidentcausedsome________tomycar,butit'snothingserious.3.affectv．影响(＝haveaneffecton)；感动；(疾病)侵袭，使感染❶Thethoughtsandbehaviorofateacherwillaffect(＝haveaneffecton)thoseofhispupils.老师的思想和行为将影响其学生的思想和行为。❷Affectedbytheirgooddeeds,Iwaseagertojointheminhelpingtheold.受他们的善举影响，我渴望和他们一起帮助老人。❸Theillnesshasaffectedbothhermentalandphysicalhealth.这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。❹NowIcansayitismyaffectionfornaturethatmakesmearealgardener.现在我可以说是我对自然的酷爱使我成为了一名真正的园丁。❺Childrenneedlotsofloveandaffection.孩子须要多多疼爱和关怀。❻Shewasheldindeepaffectionbyallherstudents.她的学生都非常爱戴她。[归纳探究]affectsb.greatly对某人影响很大affectone'shealth/life/decision影响某人的健康/生活/确定bedeeplyaffectedby被……深深打动theaffectedarea被感染处；被影响的地区theareasaffectedbythehurricane受飓风影响的地区[词语辨析]affect,effect与influence(1)affectvt.指大的影响，强调动作，有时指不利影响。(2)effectn．&v．用作名词时，指“影响，结果”；用作动词时，指“引起，使发生”。(3)influencen．&v.指潜移默化的影响。[即学即练]单句语法填空/选词填空①Withthegovernment'said(救济),those________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.②Toomuchsmokinganddrinkingaffectedhimgreatly,whichmeantbadlivinghabitshadaneffect________hishealth.③________(affect)bytheriseofhouseprices,peopleinbigcitiesliveundergreatpressure.eq\x(affect/effect/influence)④Alcoholcan________yourattentionanditalsohasabad________onyourliver.⑤Thechangeinclimatemay________yourhealth.⑥Webecamethebestfriendsandhe________medeeply.⑦Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswere________．4.supplyn．煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)；(pl.)补给品；vt.供应；供应Wesupplythehomelesswithfoodandclothes.＝Wesupplyfoodandclothestothehomeless.我们把食物和衣服供应应无家可归的人。[归纳探究]food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤气/电供应supplyanddemand供求关系asupplyof一批；很多eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(supplysb./sth.withsth.,supplysth.tosb./sth.))为某人/某物供应某物[易混辨析]supply,provide与offersupply尤指大量供应、供应。provide强调供应所需之物。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(providesb.withsth.,providesth.forsb.))offer强调主动供应。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(offersb.sth.,offersth.tosb.))[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theywillsupplyus________technologyinsupportwithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.②Thisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethods________usinEnglishlearning.③Ourschoollibrarycanprovideallkindsofgoodbooks________students.④Finally,themanagerofferedagoodjob________me.5.adoptv．实行(某种方法)；收养(→adoptedadj.收养的adoptionn．接受；收养)❶Theschoolsshouldadoptnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.学校应接受新的外语教学法。❷Atlast,weshouldadopttheconsumers'suggestions.最终我们应当接受消费者的建议。❸Therefore,weshouldadoptitsgoodpointsandavoiditsshortcomings.Strengthenself­disciplineandbesmartonlinelearners.因此，我们应当接受它的优点，避开它的缺点。加强自律，做聪慧的在线学习者。❹Shewasleftanorphanandawomanadoptedher.她成了孤儿，一位妇女收养了她。❺Theadoptedgirlsoonadaptedtohernewfamily.这个被收养的女孩很快适应了她的新家庭。❻Hisadoptedsonwentabroadlastweek.他的养子上周出国了。[归纳探究]beadoptedinto被……收养adoptanattitude实行一种看法adoptmeasures实行措施[一言助记]Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedaboywhoseparentswerekilledintheearthquake.Theadoptedboysoonadaptedtohisnewfamily.这对年轻夫妻没有自己的孩子，收养了一个父母在地震中死去的男孩。这个被收养的男孩很快适应了他的新家庭。[即学即练]单句语法填空/选词填空①Formanychildlesscouples,________(adopt)isthebestsolution.②Inthepast,theyweretoopoorandhadtohavetheirdaughter________(adopt).eq\x(adopt/adapt/adjust)③Itturnedoutthathis________sontreatedthemasiftheywerehisownparents.④Ittookhimquitealottimeto________tothelifehere.⑤Thefilmis________fromanovelbyMoYan.⑥Allthreeteams________differentwaystosolvetheproblem.⑦Theheightofthechaircanbe________．6.permissionn．允许，许可❶Asapunishment,shewasnotpermittedtoattendanyschoolactivities.作为惩处，她不被允许参与任何学校活动。❷I'llseeyouafterthemeeting,iftimepermits.假如时间允许的话，我会在开完会后见你。❸Shehadaskedthegovernmentforpermissiontomovethebookstoasafeplace,buttheyrefused.她原本要恳求政府的允许把这些书搬到平安的地方，但他们拒绝了。[归纳探究]havepermissiontodosth.获得许可做某事getpermission(fromsb.)得到(某人的)许可askforpermission恳求许可gainpermissiontodo...获得做……的许可withone'spermission/withthepermissionofsb.在某人的许可/准许下withoutpermission未经许可[联想拓展](1)permitv．允许；许可permitdoingsth.允许做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(2)permit还可作名词“通行证，许可证”，常指书面的许可，permission常指口头许可。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalwaysgettingher________(permit)forthings,thinkagain.②Wedonotpermit________(smoke)intheoffice.③Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrolwouldtheresidents________(permit)toreturntotheirhomes.④We'llhaveapicnicatthebeach,ifweather________(permit).⑤Inourschool,nostudentcangooutoftheclassroom________(未经许可).⑥Maryis________________________(恳求她母亲的许可)tomarryTom,sayingheisaresponsibleyoungman.7.severeadj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严峻的Hehadasevereillness.他得了严峻的疾病。[归纳探究]severeinjury重伤severepollution严峻的污染severelyadv.严峻地[联想拓展]severe还有“寒冷的”意思，搭配：aseverewinter“严冬”。severe还有“严厉的”意思，搭配：besevereon/withsb.对某人很严厉[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Motoristsshouldbepunished________(severe)fordangerousdriving.②Thecourtsarebecomingmoresevere________youngoffenders(犯罪者).③我将会严格要求自己，请信任我吧！Iwill____________________.Pleasejustbelieveme.熟登记列重要单词及短语①mostimportantly最重要的是②restorethenaturalenvironment复原自然环境③dealwithglobalwarming应对全球变暖④reusablewaterbottle可重复运用的水瓶⑤reducethegreenhouseeffect削减温室效应⑥establishv．建立，设立→establishedadj.已确立的→establishmentn．建立，确立⑦restorev．使复原→restoredadj.复原的→restorationn．修复⑧sustainvt.保持，维持→sustainableadj.可持续的⑨reducev．削减，降低→reductionn．削减⑩infectv．传染→infectedadj.受感染的→infectionn．感染v.­ing和v.­ed形式作宾语补足语一、语法现象感知①Wesawtheboyenteringtheroom.②Shefeltherheartbeatingfast.③IheardthegirlsingingtheEnglishsonginherroomwhenIpassedby.④Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10o'clock.⑤Johnfoundallhismoneystoleninthestreet.⑥Whathesaidatthemeetingmadethelistenerspuzzled.二、语法规则理解1．句①②③为v.­ing形式作________，分别构成短语seesb.doingsth.,feelsth./sb.doingsth.和hearsb.doingsth.，详细描述theboy,herheart和thegirl的动作，表示“望见”，“感到”“听见”某人/某事正在发生。2．句④⑤⑥为________作宾语补足语，分别构成短语getsth.done,findsth.done和makesb./sth.done结构，详细描述thework,allhismoney和thelisteners的状态。微点拨v.­ing形式作宾语补足语与前面的宾语之间构成逻辑主动关系；v.­ed形式作宾语补足语与前面的宾语之间构成逻辑被动关系。v.­ing和v.­ed形式作宾语补足语一、v.­ing形式作宾语补足语v．­ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往表示正在进行的动作或常常存在的状态，与宾语之间构成逻辑主动关系。v.­ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)，如see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。❶Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感觉有人站在我后面。❷Isawthelittleboycryingthere.我看到小男孩正在那里哭。2．表示使动意义的动词，如have,keep,get,leave等。❶Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火整夜燃烧着。❷Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。微点拨使役动词后接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……始终做某事”；当have/keep/leave接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示“让某人做某事”；当have/get/keep/leave后接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事、使某事完成或主语遭受某事”。❸Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.当心，否则会弄伤手的。3．用于with复合结构中，其中v.－ing形式与前面的名词或代词之间构成逻辑主动关系。❶Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.由于噪声不断，我没法做家庭作业。❷Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.这么多人看着她，她感到惊慌。二、v.­ed形式作宾语补足语1．v.­ed形式即过去分词作宾补时，往往是说明宾语的状态或性质，宾语是其逻辑主语，一般是过去分词动作的承受者，即逻辑上的被动关系。❶Isawhiseyesfixedonmewithcuriosity.我望见他的眼睛盯着我，充溢了新奇。❷WewanttheworkfinishedbySaturday.我们想要在周六前完成工作。❸Wefoundthehousedeserted.我们发觉这所房子被废弃了。微点拨在with的复合结构（with＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词）中，当非谓语动词与前面的名词或代词表示逻辑被动关系时，用过去分词；表示逻辑主动关系时，用现在分词；表示目的或将来时，用动词不定式。❹Withthehomeworkfinished,Tomwentouttoplaywithhisfriends.家庭作业完成了，汤姆和他的挚友们出去玩了。2．能接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel,watch,notice,think,consider,find等；(2)表示“致使”或“保持某状态”意义的动词，如make,get,have,keep,leave等；(3)表示“希望、要求、吩咐”意义的动词，如want,wish,like,expect,order等。❶Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.我们望见小偷被警察抓住了。❷Don'tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.不要让这么重要的事没有人做。❸Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。❹Iwantthehousewhitewashedbeforewemovein.我想要房子在我搬进去之前粉刷完。Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Ifwe________(全身心投入)ourselvestoathing,wecanrelievetension.2．Hispresentation________(强调)theimportanceofsustainabledevelopment.3．Their________(残忍)toanimalsarousedpeople'sanger.4．________(狩猎)isforbiddeninthisreserve.5．Theprogrammercanhelpyoumakethe________(展示)ofyourstagetrulytypical.6．Inordertopreventtheextinctionofthisspecies,thegovernmentsetupaspecial________(爱护区).7．Thebossgaveeachofhis________(员工)asouvenir.8．Inordertobetteradapttothesociety,peopleusually________(建立)interpersonalnetworks.9．Hiseyesightsufferedsevere________(损坏)becausehesatinfrontofscreenforlong.10．Wehavenotenoughfoodtoeatduetothe________(干旱).11．Thefirmattitudegaveamessageofhopetopeoplelivingin________(沉没的)areas.12．Thesearechangesthatdirectly________(影响)youorsomeaspectsofyourlife.13．Howwilltheyarrangeforadaily________(供应)offoodtothefloodvictims?Ⅱ.短语填空makeapresentation,bereducedto,withoutpermission,devoteoneselfto,insteadof,release...from1．Theaudienceclappedforthemusicianwho________________musiconthestage.2．WhenallthemembersreachShanghai,thehostwill________________attheconference.3．SinceSeptemberthisyear,thecostsoftheequipment________________50dollars.4．Ahundredtonsofchemicalsayear________________thefactory,whichcausedseverepollution.5．Thepolarbeartoysaremadebyhand________________bymachine,sotheyareveryexpensive.6．Thepostonthewallsaysvisitorscan'ttouchtheequipmentandtakephotos________________．Ⅲ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2．Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle).3．Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4．Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5．Atthatmom