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阅读理解
(2017年北京真题)
A
ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademy
softballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.
Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.
Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell-Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.
Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground.“Paris'seyesrolledback,“Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.I
knewitwasanemergency.99
Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Paris
woulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,
“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”
CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatblood
movesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.
Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn't
thinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegan
doingCPR."Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,“saysTaylor.
Taylor9sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantoget
theschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice(器械)thatcanshocktheheart
backintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris'sheartbeatreturned.
“IknowIwasreallylucky,“Parissaysnow."Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmy
life.”
ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishaving
someonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.
Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobea
nurse."Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,“Taylorsays."IknowIcanactunderpressureina
scarysituation.99
56.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?
A.Shecaughtabadcold.
B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.
C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.
D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.
57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?
A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.
B.Sherecoveredfromshock.
C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.
D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.
58.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?
A.Enthusiasticandkind.
B.Courageousandcalm.
C.Cooperativeandgenerous.
D.Ambitiousandprofessional.
B
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c
Measles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearly
wipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthe
diseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthat
isspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,compared
with189foralloflastyear.
Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.When
vaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.This
iscalled"herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan't
bevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthe
vaccinedoesn'twork.
Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefuse
vaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.
ThafsexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrange
County,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y,wherea
17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.
Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.
Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.
Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参力口)ofwhatare
supposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallow
parentstogetanexemption(豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobject
toavaccine.
Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butno
onedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.
Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonal
opinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey'll
existonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.
63.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.
A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend
B.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention
C.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons
D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly
64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.
A.exemptionsareallowed
B.severalvaccinesareusedtogether
C.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin
D.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws
65.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?
A.Theoveruseofvaccine.
B.Thelackofmedicalcare.
C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.
D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.
66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?
A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.
B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.
C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.
D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.
D
Hollywood'stheorythatmachineswithevil(牙B恶的)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsis
justsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecome
extremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-known
mathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics(控制论),putitthisway:"If
weuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectively
interfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurpose
whichwereallydesire.”
Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithliving
things:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-bom,norisit
somethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachine
cannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstruction
offetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchor
evenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfacea
kindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectives
conflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.
Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsof
computerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,
usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.
Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecure
againstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.
SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.
Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Butthe
problemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethat
humansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams-yetthatisnotpossibleunless
machinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff'asifsuperintelligent
machinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwill
neverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,
“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”
However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced(中子诱导)
nuclearchainreaction.
67.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.
A.runoutofhumancontrol
B.satisfyhuman'srealdesires
C.commandarmiesofkillerrobots
D.workfasterthanamathematician
68.Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymight
beableto.
A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyed
B.achievetheiroriginalgoalsindependently
C.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenorders
D.beathumansininternationalchessmatches
69.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.
A.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetter
B.besecureagainstevilhumanbeings
C.keepmachinesfrombeingharmed
D.avoidrobots9affectingtheworld
70.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?
A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.
B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.
C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.
D.Itwillstayforadecade.
(2018年北京真题)
A
MyFirstMarathon(马拉松)
Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfor
twoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.
Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorun
lapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic".
TheideathatIwas“notathletic99stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,I
realizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.
Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!
Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeup
sweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.
Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋带)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.
NotthestartIwanted!
Atmile3,1passedasign:"GOFORIT,RUNNERS!"
Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,I
stayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.
Bymile21,1wasstarving!
AsIapproachedmile23,1couldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenever
mindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.
Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesame
medalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.
Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Ican
nowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”.
15.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor.
A.waswelltrained
B.feltscared
C.madeuphismindtorun
D.losthope
16.WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?
A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.
B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.
C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.
D.Toshareapreciousmemory.
17.Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?
A.Hemadeit.
B.Hequithalfway.
C.Hegotthefirstprize.
D.Hewalkedtotheend.
18.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?
A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.
B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.
C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.
D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.
B
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Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.
TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.
Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,
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Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(荣誉徽章).AtSpace
Camp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learn
aboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模拟)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.The
AviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearnthe
principlesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(驾驶舱)ofavarietyflightsimulators.
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19.WhydopeoplecometoSAC?
A.Toexperienceadventures.
B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.
C.Togetadegreeinengineering.
D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.
20.ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.
A.flytospace
B.getanAviationbadgefirst
C.studytheprinciplesofflight
D.buildandfiremodelrockets
21.Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?
A.Leadership.
B.Teamspirit.
C.Taskplanning.
D.Survivalskills.
C
Plastic-EatingWorms
Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.
Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutethe
oceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermayliein
thestomachsofsomehungryworms.
ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcan
breakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsona
commercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedown
about92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms9chewingalonewasnot
responsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)
andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass一apparently
brokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms9stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrent
Biologyin2017.
FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheir
everydayfood-beeswax一alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic."Waxisacomplexmixture,
butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,"sheexplains.uThewax
wormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.”
JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthe
study,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwith
previousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruyn
says,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselfor
byitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?
Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymeto
breakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrial
process-notsimply"millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.”
22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?
A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.
B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.
C.Theycanconsumeplastics.
D.Theywindupinlandfills.
23.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto
A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdown
B.findoutthesourceoftheenzyme
C.confirmtheresearchfindings
D.increasethebreakdownspeed
24.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.
A.helptoraiseworms
B.helpmakeplasticbags
C.beusedtocleantheoceans
D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture
25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.
B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.
C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.
D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.
D
PreparingCitiesforRobotCars
Thepossibilityofsel^drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturisfsdream,yearsaway
frommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartment
ofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarson
publicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andfor
companiestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingtheway
here.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.Ifshardtopredict
whendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhas
thepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,depending
onhowthetransformationisregulated.
Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfully
so),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,
cutemissions(力F放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalof
driverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyand
moreshared.
Dowewanttocopy——orevenworsen-thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imaginea
futurewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneysto
andfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,
whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheempty
vehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickup
achildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewer
peopletotakepublictransport一anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundin
ride-hailing(叫车)services.
AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-powered
privatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissions
fromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基石出设施)andoperations
40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommercially
availabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecost
ofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题).But
driverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewith
thetechnology.
Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverless
vehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.
Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodevelop
transportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureis
coming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.
26.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan.
A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems
B.providebetterservicestocustomers
C.causedamagetoourenvironment
D.makesomepeoplelosejobs
27.Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?
A.Safety.
B.Sideeffects.
C.Affordability.
D.Management.
28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded“inParagraph4probablymean?
A.Employed.
B.Replaced.
C.Shared.
D.Reduced.
29.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?
A.Doubtful.
B.Positive.
C.Disapproving.
D.Sympathetic.
(2019年北京真题)
A
Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?
YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation(GDA).Whateverstageoflifeyou're
at,whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoor
andremotecommunity(社区).
Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged17-24.
Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffective
runningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,and
communicationofficers.
Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity'saccesstosafe
drinkingwater,orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventure
challengetotrainyoungvolunteers.
Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you'llalsolearnnewskills
andincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewho911become
yourlifelongfriends.
Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:
CountrySchedule
4-weekprogrammes7-weekprogrammes
Algeria5Jul.一1Aug.20Jun.一7Aug.
Egypt24Jul.一20Aug.19Jun.一6Aug.
Kenya20Jul.一16Aug.18Jun.一5Aug.
SouthAfrica2Aug.一29Aug.15Jun.一2Aug.
GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhere
ourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremote
communities.
ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyour
ownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.
FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDApromgramme:Website:
Email:humanresources@
31.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?
A.Toseeklocalpartners.
B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.
C.Tocarryoutprogrammes.
D.Tofosterculturalawareness.
32.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.
A.Egypt
B.Algeria
C.Kenya
D.SouthAfrica
33.ThesharedgoalofGDA'sprojectsisto.
A.explorenewcultures
B.protecttheenvironment
C.gaincorporatebenefits
D.helpcommunitiesinneed
B
AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur(仓U业者),whoinMay2015setupherbusiness
AilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionof
asuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids9teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.
ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.
However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickof
missingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandy
thafsgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedher
dadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalk
todentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.
Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrials
togetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmore
aboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnatural
sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.
Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfather
securedtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore's
product-CanCandy.
AsCanCandy'ssuccessgrows,sodoesMoore9scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreis
enthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.
Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.
Meanwhile,withherparents9help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.
Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.
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