国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案

1、国家开放大学人文英语 3章节测试参考答案Unit 1 Parenting Children会话演练听张华和 Mary 谈论家庭成员。Zhang Hua pays a visit to Marys home, and gets to know her family.Zhang Hua: How many people are there in your family?Mary: There are（four）, my husband, my daughter, my son and me. Zhang Hua: Do you have much experience with kids?Mary

2、: Yes, I do. I have （ two） kids. To tell you the truth, sometimes I regret having a baby so early.Zhang Hua: I understand. Ive been in your（position）before. At that time my wife took care of our children（ alone） , and I（ seldom） stayed at home due to being very busy with work.Mary: What about your m

3、other? Did she help you?Zhang Hua: Yes, she did a little. But you see, you cant depend on your mother to be a full-time babysitter .Mary:（Sometime）I wish I could look after my children full time .Zhang Hua: Dont worry. Soon your children will be old enough to attend kindergarten . Then you can find

4、a job and work. Besides, its a great feeling to watch your kids growing up, right?Mary: Yeah, indeed.Zhang Hua: By the way, how long have you been married? Mary: About four years now, and you?Zhang Hua: Ive been married for about（five）years. How do you feel aboutmarriage life?Mary: Not bad. I think

5、it was a good（choice）to marry Tom.边学边练理解细节，判断准确信息，Mary 的有利条件是什么Now she has a new job and works hard.She has two children.Her mother did a lot to help her take care of the children.She is satisfied with her four-year marriage.She loves her kids, but she regrets having babies so early.She takes care o

6、f her children all the time.She has less experience with kids.会话演练听汤姆和妻子玛丽讨论如何教给孩子正确的行为方式。Tom and his wife Many are talking about how to teach their kids good behavior.Mary: I dont want you to be worried, （ but our son has picked up some bad habits）He says aggressive and upsetting wors every day.Tom

7、: What words? Could you give me some examples?Mary:He says “kick mommy”, “beat mommy”, “dont want mommy” very quickly if I do something that he doesnt like.Tom: Honey, I （ dont know what to tell you. ） Of course, Tony is a youngchild. But do not underestimate his ability to learn and reason.Mary:Yes

8、, but sometimes he just isnt responsible .Tom: I suggest you treat him with patience , affection and respect.If he needs to do something, like going to bed, or getting washed, etc., please guide or help him to get it done with gentleness .Mary: （Its easier said than done）but I will try.Tom:Try motiv

9、ate Tony to cooperate by reward his good behavior.Do not always punish him（for little things like bad moods, etc.）.Mary:I know. Sometimes punishment just doesnt work, and instead ofbehaving better he picks up another bad habit.Tom:Thats true. Dont worry, darling. （Im right behind you.）Mary: Thanks,

10、darling. I love you. Tom:I love you, too.边学边练听文中对话，根据对话内容完成笔记Mary: Our son has（picked up）some bad habits.Tom: Although Tony is a young child, he has the ability to（learn and reason）Mary: Sometimes he even asked me to do some（unreasonable）things.Tom: Tom suggests that they treat Tony with patience, （

11、 affection ） and respect.Mary: Punishment doesnt always work, and instead he picks up another（bad habit）Tom: Youd better not always punish him for little things like（ bad moods） ,etc.短文听读阅读理解，选词填空，完成第一自然段大意。Families Having Fewer Children NowadaysMost couples who get married or decide to live togethe

12、r generally plan to have children. Several years ago, having big families was common and people thought of this as an advantage .That was mainly because children began working at an early age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of living getting higher every

13、 single year, having a big family is no longer considered a practical option .In fact, more and more couples choose to have only one child and some do not have any desire to become parents at all.Indeed, the trend of having fewer children started a few decades ago. According to the Australian Instit

14、ute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years, were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%).However, taken together, women were still more likely to have had three or more children than to have had two

15、children (46% vs. 36%).Two decades ago, women were more likely to have had two children than three or more children a trend that was most marked in the most recent period (38% vs. 25% in 1996; 38% vs. 22% in 2006). Nowadays, most families in Australia havetwo children. But the number of women who ha

16、d given birth to a single child increased progressively from only 8% in 1981 to 13% in 2006, and it should be even bigger nowadays.The U.S. Census Bureau states that there are approximately 14 million only children in America today. This comprises 20% of the childrens population compared to only 10%

17、 around fifty years ago.If a couple get married, they will probably decide to have（children）. Peopleonce thought of a big family as a(n)（advantage）, because children could help to（ support ） the family when they began to work. With time passing by, due to（higher cost of living）, having a big family

18、isnt a good（choice）anymore. More couple prefer to have one（child）, and some even want a(n)（DINK）family.边学边练根据短文内容以及图标描述生育孩子的趋势变化。This graph shows there has been a decrease in the number of couples （who have three or more children）（生三个或更多孩子）.If this trend continues, couples will have（fewer children）（

19、更少的孩子）Proportion of couples with two children（remained steady）（保持稳定）from 1986 to 2006.From the graph, we can see that the number of women with three or more children（decreased dramatically）（明显减少）in 1996 compared with that in 1986.We can infer that the number of women with a single child will（go up）（

20、将会增长）短文听读阅读短文，判断正误。As a parent, you may know that parenting is an easy job. （）Listening to each other is a good way to stop argument between parents and their kids.（）Usually younger kids behave less responsibly than elder children.（）Parents should lower their expectation for their kids.（）Both yellin

21、g and whispering can help make things quieter.（）边学边练将下列句子译成汉语。When youre managing children, it can be difficult to remember that they are still learning。当你管教孩子时，很容易忘记他们仍处在学习阶段。One of your biggest struggles is to remind yourself of appropriate expectations.你最大的一个纠结就是提醒自己对孩子要有合理的期望。It gives both of yo

22、u time to think and really listen to each other, which is important.给双方时间去思考和认真倾听对方的心声，这是非常重要的。Besides, the more time you spend with your kids, the better youll get at communicating with them.除此之外，你陪伴孩子的时间越长，你就越能更好地和他们沟通。You cant expect that your youngest acts as responsibly as your oldest.你不应该期望你最小

23、的孩子能和最大的孩子一样做事认真负责。写作训练我们先来看一个示例，学习一下道歉信的写作结构。A School Absence Excuse LetterDecember 14, 2014 Nancy HillMs. Shirley Hudson（River Dale Elementary School）FRiver Dale, IL 566077 Dear Ms. Shirley Hudson,I, Nancy Hill, am the mother of Nick （ who studies in Class 2 of Grade 5.） Irequest you to excuse him

24、 for not attending school on July 12, 2014 and July 13, 2014, as he was advised strict bed rest by our doctor, Dr. Carter, after a high fever. I have already gathered the lessons and homework covered in the two days that（he missed）, and his notes are up to date. Also, attached for your reference is

25、thedoctors certificate.（ Please feel free to contact me for any questions ） that you may have regarding this matter.将下列句子正确排序，组成一份请假说明。Thank you.5 ,Nancy Hill Nicks motherI will be glad to provide you with any more information that you may require regarding the matter.Attached is a medical certifica

26、te from my family doctor, Dr. Smith.Dear Mr. James Bush,Sincerely,Please consider this letter as an official notification that I was on leave on May 12, 2015 and May 14, 2015, on account of high fever and severe influenza.Thank you.Selina LeeI assure you I will make up for the work that I have misse

27、d out on the two days.The correct order is:C E B A H F D GUnit 2 Elderly Care会话演练听张华和薇薇安聊她在老年之家关爱中心的状况。Zhang Hua visits Vivian, an eighty-year-old lady, in an Elderly Home Care Center. Now he is talking with her.Zhang Hua: Hello, Vivian.Vivian: Hi my boy, its good to see you.Zhang Hua: My pleasure.

28、Now, Vivian, do you mind me asking how old you are? Vivian: I turned （80）years old on November 3rd, （2014）Zhang Hua: Wow! 80! What does it feel like to be 80?Vivian: Its a little inconvenient because my （ mind ） didnt turn 80 but my（body）did, and I find that sometimes my mind follows my body too!Now

29、 its hard to be as quick as I used to be. I cant do what I used to do when I was （yonger）.Zhang Hua: Oh, thats a bit （disappointing）and probably a little frustrating ,too.Vivian: Very frustrating! Very frustrating! Sometimes it takes me （two）daysto get everything accomplished .Zhang Hua: Well, are t

30、here any advantages? Can you give us some hope?Vivian: Yes! Yes! There is hope. You have reached an （ age ） , and you understand where you have been. You look back and youre glad to be part of that life. You begin to understand the changes that are taking place （around）you. But you dont come to that

31、 realization until you become old.Zhang Hua: Well, that doesnt （sound）so bad. By the way, how do you like the caregiver here?Vivian: I like those who know me very well and respect me. I prefer those who know my daily habits and my likes and dislikes.Zhang Hua: Good. I hope you enjoy staying here. Ni

32、ce talking with you. Take care.Vivian: Thanks. I will.边学边练根据对话，判断老年人的优势有哪些？Now its hard to be as quick as you used to beIts a little inconvenient.You understand the changes around you.You cant do what you used to.Youre glad to be part of the life.You understand where you have been.会话演练听白梅和张华讨论如何照顾老人

33、。Bai Mei is now talking with Zhang Hua about her caring for her grandmother.Zhang Hua: Hello, Bai Mei. How is the weekend?Bai Mei: （Not so good .）I went to look after my grandmother. Zhang Hua: Whats wrong with her?Bai Mei： （ I feel so sad） . She hurt herself when cleaning the windows last week.Zhan

34、g Hua: Oh, really? （ Im sorry to hear that. ） Was it serious? Is your grandmother getting well now?Bai Mei: （Not that seriou）Thanks. slipped on the floor. （And she is much better now.）Thanks.Zhang Hua: I used to take care of my grandfather last year. It is not an easy job, isnt it?Bai Mei：（No, it is

35、nt.）She gets upset easily, and resists ;my suggestions.Zhang Hua: Well, you know, elderly people dont want being pushed around or asked to do things that they dont want to do.Bai Mei：Well, （I feel regretful about it.）Zhang Hua: You have to listen to what they say, and try to understand why they are

36、upset or depressed . Being a good listener is very important when you looking after them.Bai Mei: （Thats right.）Zhang Hua: （ And if she feels lonely ） you can play games with her, like crosswords or chess. This will keep her mind sharp, too. Besides, you can also sendher a card while you are away.Ba

37、i Mei: （It sounds like a good idea.）Zhang Hua: I can imagine how happy she will be with you next time. Bai Mei: Thanks. I hope my grandmother will recover soon.边学边练听文中录音，将问题与回答相匹配?She feels sad.Her grandmother hurt herself.His grandfather.Being a good listener.His grandfather.How is Bai Meis weekend

38、? （A）Why is Bai Mei upset? （A）Who did Zhuang Hua use to look after? （A）Whats important when we are looking after the elderly? （A）What can we do when the elderly feels lonely? （A） 短文阅读通读全文，了解短文大意，将段落内容与段落标题匹配起来。Caring for the ElderlyCaring for the elderly is not an easy task, and there are no hard an

39、d fast rules on how it should be done.Here are some tips you can apply to make life easier and happier for both you and the person in your care.Para 1 （Establish a routine）Organize the performance of daily activities in a routine manner, so that they are performed in the same way and at the same tim

40、e every day.his routine will establish a sense of structure and increase feelings of control and safety.However, this routine can be broken with unplanned events occasionally, as elderly peoplemay find the routine structure too boring and restrictive .Para 2 （Get to know them）It is important that yo

41、u get to know the elderly in your care, their daily habits, likes and dislikes, etc. The better you know the person, the higher the quality of care you can provide.Para 3（Treat them with respect）If elderly people do not have your respect, they will feel like they are being pushed around or asked to

42、do things that they dont want to. This can lead to a bad relationship. By treating elderly persons in your care with respect, you can develop a strong bond with them. Besides, you can talk to them like adults, show your love and respect, which will not only make them feel good, but may also gain you

43、 their respect in return.Para 4 （Mental stimulation）It is better to try to keep them occupied with challenging games, like crosswords or chess, which will keep their minds sharp.They like to discuss world events and their life histories with you. This will give the elderly people a feeling of self-w

44、orth and make them feel needed.Para 5 （Social interaction）Organize and encourage social interaction. Remaining connected to other people and the world is important for the elderly. It keeps the elderly feeling more engaged . Encourage them to talk to other residents or participate in games, discussi

45、ons or day trips. Help them to develop a strong relationship with a neighbor. It is important for the elderly to talk to others and make friends.边学边练根据短文大意判断正误。Elderly people always obey the routine structure.（）To provide elderly people with better care, we need to know them more.（） 3.We neednt resp

46、ect elderly people when caring them. （）Discussion with them cant make elderly people feel needed. （）It is necessary for elderly people to make friends（）短文听读通读全文，了解短文大意，选择正确的项目完成下列句子。Demand for Elderly Care Services in China Is Rising ContinuallyThe number of elderly people aged above 60 has increase

47、d. Demand for elderly care services in China will continue to rise due to the increased aging population.The number of elderly people aged above 60 was over 200 million in 2012, and will be 300 million in 2025 and 400 million in 2034, according to the experts.It will be a tough challenge for China t

48、o deal with, due to the increasing rates of urbanization and a decreasing birth rate.The Chinese people will be facing a big challenge if we do not have enough money when we get older.The United Nations defines an aging society as one that has 10 percent of its population at or above the age of 60.W

49、hen most developed countries were classed as an aging society, their gross domestic product (GDP) per capita stood at between 5,000 to 10,000 U.S. dollars or above. However, China became an aging society in 2001, and its GDP per capita was only 1,000 U.S. dollars. It was 6,000 U.S. dollars in 2012.

50、Chinas economic foundation for an elderly society is fragile .On September 13, 2013, the State Council issued a guideline to speed up the development of Chinas elderly care services, hoping to complete a social care network for its elderly by 2025.This graph shows （an increasing trend）in the number

51、of elderly people.If this trend continues, （ demand for elderly care services ） in China will continue to rise.From the graph we can see there will be a steady increase （in the number of elderly people）from the year 2012 to 2034.For an aging society in the developed countries, the GDP per capita was

52、（between 5,000 to 10,000 U.S. dollars or above）.边学边练重读短文，选出正确答案。What does GDP stand for?Government document publishing. B.General domestic product.C.Gross domestic product.What does the word “decreasing” in Para. 2 mean?It means “falling”.It means “peaking”.It means “rising”.What was Chinas GDP per

53、capita in 2012?It was 6,000 U.S. dollars.It was 1,000 U.S. dollars.It was 10,000 U.S. dollars.Why is Chinas economic foundation for an elderly society fragile？Because of its increasing aging population and its low GDP per capita.Because when China was classed as an aging society, our GDP per capita

54、is high.Because of its decreasing aging population and its high GDP per capita.写作训练单句排序，学习健康问候卡的结构Angela is ill, and her colleagues are writing a get-well card for her. Put the following sentences in the right order to form a proper get-well card. Then copy the sentences on the letter paper below.It

55、ll be great to see your smiling face again.Make sure you eat all your chicken soup, drink all your orange juice, and get the rest you need so you can get better soon.Were sorry you havent been feeling well and we miss you at the office.Take care,Carol, Doris, ElsaWe hope you enjoy the crossword puzz

56、le.The correct order is:C B A F D E边学边练请尝试将下列词汇填入合适的位置，将健康问候卡补充完整。enjoyDearsorryrecoverymiss（Dear）Grandpa,I am so （sorry）that you havent been feeling well. You must hurry and get well! I （ miss ） you very much, and hope you （ enjoy ） the fruits and beautiful flowers I sent to you. Please take good c

57、are of yourself. I wish you a quick（recovery）.Unit 3 Community Security会话演练听 Molly 和白梅讨论手提包被偷。Bai Meis handbag was stolen, now she is talking about this to Molly. Molly: Whats （wrong）, dear?Bai Mei:Something awful （ happened ） . We went to Portobello Road, andsomeone （stole）my handbag.Molly: Oh, dea

58、r. Was there a lot of money in your bag?Bai Mei: No. Only a few （pounds）. But my passport was in it. Thats what Im really worried about.Molly: You have to tell the embassy about it. And I think theyll issue you with a new one.Bai Mei: Id （better）go tomorrow.Molly: Yeah, you mustnt leave it too long.

59、 Did you （report）it to the police? Bai Mei: No. I couldnt find a policeman.Molly: Well. You must report that you handbag was （stolen）, and give the police a （ detailed ） description of your bag. Youd better go to the local police station tomorrow morning.Bai Mei: Yes. Ill do it tomorrow. Molly: And

60、Bai Mei.Bai Mei: Yes?Molly: Dont be too upset. Its not the（end）of the world.边学边练根据文中内容进行词义匹配。a feeling of anxiousnessvery bad or unpleasanta diplomatic building where ambassadors live or workcirculate or distribute or equip witha statement that represents something in wordsrelating to a city or town