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书名:《大学英语四级阅读200篇》前40篇出版社:上海交通大学出版社
1/200.
Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.
Short-rangegoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecanap
plyonadailybasis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorlesszortwoweeks,orp
ossiblemonths.ltshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthani
tsfoundation,outlong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwithouttheachiev
ementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoalszweshoulddat
etheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathave
beencompleted.
Theintermediategoalsbukldonthefoundationoftheshort-rangegoals.Theymight
dealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldevenexten
dforseveralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatimezyoushouldneverallowyour
selftobecomediscouragedoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstepzyouwillenf
orcethebeliefinyourabilitytogrowadnsucceed.Andasyourlistofcompletiondat
esgrowzyourmotivationanddesirewillincrease.
Long-rangegoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverfive
yearsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgoalto
limitusorourcourseofaction.
l.Ourlong-termgoalsmeanalot_.
a.ifwecompleteourshort-rangegoals
b.ifwecannotreachsolidshort-termgoals
c.ifwewritedownthedates
d.ifweputforwardsomeplans
2.Newshort-termgoalsarebulidupon—.
a.twoyears
b.long-termgoals
c.currentactivities
d.thegoalsthathavebeencompleted
3.Whenwecompleteeachstepofourgoals,—.
a.wewillwinfinalsuccess
b.weareoverwhelmed
c.weshouldbuildupconfidenceofsuccess
d.weshouldstrongdesireforsettingnewgoals
4.0nceourgoalsaredrawnup,_.
a.weshouldsticktothemuntilwecompletethem
b.wemaychangeourgoalsaswehavenewideasandopportunities
c.wehadbetterwaitfortheexcitingnewsofsuccess
d.wehavemadegreatdecision
5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat.
a.thosewhohabelong-termgoalswillsucceed
b.writingdownthedatesmaydiscourageyou
c.thegoalisonlyaguideforustoreachourdesination
d.everyshouldhaveagoal
1/200答案:adcbc
2/200
TheeconomyoftheUnitedstatesafter1952wastheeconnomyofawell-fed,almost
fullyemployedpeople.Despitoccasionalalarms,thecountryescapedanypostward
epressionandlivedinastateofboom.Aneconomicsurveyoftheyear1955,aty
picalyearofthe1950's,maybetypicalasillustratingtherapideconomicgrowthof
thedecade.Thenationaloutputwasvalueat10percentabovethatof1954(1955
outputwasestimatedat392billiondollars).Theproductionofmanufacturerswasa
bout40percentmorethanithadaveragedintheyearsimmediatelyfollowingWorld
War2.Thecountry'sbusinessspentabout30billiondollarsfornewfactoriesandm
achinery.Nationalincomeavailableforspendingwasalmostathirdgreaterthanith
adbeenithadbeenin1950.Consumersspentabout256billiondollars;thatisabo
ut700milliondollarsaday,orabouttwenty-fivemilliondollarseveryhour,allrou
ndtheclock.Sixty-fivemillionpeopleheldjobsandonlyalittlemorethantwomilli
onwantedjobsbutcouldnotfindthem.Onlyagriculturecomplainedthatitwasno
tsharingintheroom.Tosomeobserversthiswasanominousechoofthemid-192
O's.Asfarmer'sshreoftheirproductsdeclined,marketingcostsrose.Buttherew
ere,amongtheobserversofthenationaleconomy,afewwhowerenotasconfide
ntasthemajority.Thosefewseemedtofearthattheboomcouldnotlastandwo
uldeventuallyleadtotheoppsite-depression.
1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
a.TheAgriculaturalTrendsof1950zs
b.TheUnemploymentRateof1950's
c.U.S.Economyinthe50's
d.TheFederalBudgetof1952
2.InLine4,theword''boom"couldbestbereplacedby.
a.nearbyexplosion
b.thunderousnoise
c.generalpublicsupport
d.rapideconomicgrowth
3.ItcanbeinferredthenationalfromthepassagethatmostpeopleintheUnitedS
tatesin1955viewedthenationaleconomywithanairof.
a.confidence
b.confusion
c.disappointment
d.suspicion
4.WhichofthefollowingwereLEASTsatisfiedwiththenationaleconomyinthe195
O's?
a.Economists
b.Frmaers
c.Politicians
d.Steelworkers
5.ThepassagestatesthatincomavailableforspendingintheU.S.wasgreaterin1
955thanin1950.Howmuchwasit?
a.60%
b.50%
c.33%
d.90%
2/200答案:cdabc
3/200
Womenarealsounderrepresentedintheadministrationandthisisbecausetherear
esofewwomenfullprofessors.In1985,RegentBerylMilburnproducedareportbla
stingtheUniversityofTexasSystemadminitrationfornotencouragingwomen.TheU
Diversitywasratedamongthelowestforthesystem.Ina1987update,Milburncom
mendedtheprogressthatwasmadeandcalledforevenmoreimprovement.
OneofthepositiveresultsfromherstudywasaSystem-wideprogramtoinformwo
menofavailableadministrativejobs.
CollegeofCommunicationAssociateDeanPatricaWitherspoon,saiditisimportantth
atwomanbeflexiblewhenitcomestorelocatingiftheywanttoriseintheranks.
Althoughawomanmayfaceachillyclimateoncampus,manytimesinorderforh
ertosucceed,shemustriseabovetheproblemsaroundherandconcentrateonhe
rwork.
UntilwomenmakeupagreaterpercentageoftheseniorpositionsintheUniversity
andallacademia,inequitieswillexist.
"Womenneedtospendtheirenergiesandtimedoingscholarlyactivitiesthatareim
portanthereattheUniversity."Spirdusosaid."Iftheydothatwillbesuccessfulint
hissystem.Iftheyspendtheirtimeinlittlegroupsmourningthesexualdiscriminatio
nthattheythinkexistshere,theyarewastingvaluablestudytime."
1.AccordingtoSpirduso,womenneedto.
duceareportonsexualdiscrimination
b.callforfurtherimprovementintheirworkingconditions
c.spendtheirenergiesandtimefightingagainstsexualdiscrimination
d.spendmoretimeandenergydoingscholarlyactivities
2.Fromthispassage,weknowthat.
a.therearemanywomenfullprofessorsintheUniversityofTexas
b.womenplayanimportantpartinadminitratingtheUniversity
c.theweatheronthecampusischilly
d.womenmakeupasmallpercentageoftheseniorpositionsintheUniversity
3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
a.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wasgreaterthanthato
f1985
b.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wassmallerthanthato
f1985
c.thenumberofwomenprofessorswasthesameasthatof1985
d.moreandmorewomenprofessorsthoughtthatsexualdiscriminationdidexitinth
eUniversity
4.0neofthepositiveresultsfromMilburn'sstudywasthat.
a.womenweretoldtoconcentrateonteirwork
b.womenweregiveninformationaboutavailableadministrativejobs
c.womenwereencouragedtotakeonalltheadministrativejobsintheUnversity
d.womenwereencouragedtodomorescholarlyactivities
5.Thetitleforthispassageshouldbe.
a.TheUniversityofTexas
b.Milburn'sReport
c.WomenProfessors
d.SexualDiscriminationinAcademia
3/200答案:ddabd
4/200
Todayzasineveryotherdayoftheyearzmorethan3000U.S.adlescentswillsmok
etheirfirstcigaretteontheirwaytobecomingregularsmokersasadults.Duringth
eirlifetime,itcanbeexpectedthatofthese3000about23willbemurdered,30will
dieintrafficaccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-relateddisease.T
henumberofdeathsattributedtocigarettesmokingoutweithtsallotherfactors,wh
ethervoluntaryorinvoluntary,asacauseofdeath.
Sincethelate1970szwhendailysmokingamonghighschoolseniorsreached30pre
cent,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclined.Whilethedeclineisimpressive,s
everalimportantissuesmustberaised.
Frstzinthepastseveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle.
Secondjnthelate1970szsmokingamongmalehighschoolseniorsexceededthata
mongfemalebynearly10percent.Thestatisticisreversing.Third.severalrecentst
udieshaveindicatehighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingrates,asm
uchas75percent.
Fnally,thouthsignificantdeclinesinadolescentsmokinghaveoccurredinthepastd
ecade,nodefinitereasonsforthedeclineexist.WithinthiscontextztheNaionalCance
rInstiute(NCI)beganitscurrentefforttodeterminethemosteffecivemeasuresto
reducesmokingleveslamongyouth.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,thedeathsamongyoutharemainlycausedby.
□.trafficaccidents
b.smoking-relateddesease
c.murder
d.allofthese
2.Everydaythereareoverhighschoolstrdentswhowillbecomeregularsmoke
r.
a.75b.23c.30d.3000
3.By"dropout"theauthormeans.
a.studentswhofailedtheexamination
b.studentswholeftschool
c.studentswholosttheirv/ay
d.studentswhoweredrivenoutofschool
4.Thereasonfordecliningadolescentsmokingisthat.
a.NCIhastakeneffectivemeasures
b.smokingispreventedamonghighschoolseniors
c.therearemanysmokerswhohavediedofcancer
d.noneofthese
5.Whatisimpliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat.
a.smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle
b.therearenowmorefemalethanmalesmokersamonghighschoolseniors
c.highsmokingratesareduetotheinceaseinwealth
d.smokingathighschoolarefromlowsocio-economicbackgrounds
4/200答案:bdbdb
5/200
Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehas
madeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeatzithas,atthesametime,mad
emanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshov/nthatperhapseightypercentof
allhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothe
dietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.Differentculturesaremorelikelytocause
certaindifferentillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.
Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisntoanewdiscovery.In1945,about35yearsago,
governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates,commonlyusedtopreservecolorin
meats,andotherfoodadditivies,causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesrem
aininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsont
hepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichw
eeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandlivinganimals,a
ndbecauseofthiszpenicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcow.Sometimes
similardrugsaregiventoanimalsnotformedicalpurposeszbutforfinancialreasons.
Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpric
eonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeate
dlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.
l.Whatisthebestpossibletitleofthepassage?
a.DrugandFood
b.CancerandHealth
c.FoodandHealth
d.HealthandDrug
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTture?
a.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons
b.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiven
tothelivinganimals
c.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangersoffoodadditivesforoverthir
ty-fiveyears.
d.Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancprinworld.
3.Howhassciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?
a.Becauseofscience,diseasescausedbypollutedfoodhavenbeenvirtuallyelimina
ted.
b.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.
c.Becauseoftheapplicationofscience,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebee
naddedtofood.
d.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.
4.Whatarenitratesusedfor?
a.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.
b.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.
c.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.
d.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.
5.Theword'carcinogenic'mostnearlymeans'
a.trouble-making
b.color-retaining
c.money-making
d.cancer-causing
5/200答案:cacbd
6/200
Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincreasezwearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.On
ceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlift,beingonthegofrommorninctillnigh
t,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.
Stressisannaturalpartofeverydayliftandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infactziti
snotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitalto
providemotivationadngivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofc
ontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.
Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.
Somepeoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimemateri
alformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsofunusualdiffic
ulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysic
ally.Infactwemakechoicebetween"fight"or"flight"andinmoreprimitivedayst
hechoicemadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayare
unlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestressjtinvolvesthesameresponse.
Itiswhensuchareactionlastslongzthroughcontinuedexposuretostress,thatheal
thbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdis
easehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives
(itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould)zweneedtofindwaystodealwithit.
1.Peoplearefindinglessandlesstimeforrelaxingthemselvesbecause.
a.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselves
b.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealth
c.theyaretravellingfastallthetime
d.theyarebecomingbusierwiththeirwork
2.Accordingtothewriter,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanagerishis_
*
a.notfearingstress
b.knowingtheartofrelaxation
c.highsenseofresponsibility
d.havingcontroloverperformance
3.Whichofthefollwingstctementsisture?
a.Wecanfindsomewaystoavoidstress
b.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeople
c.Itiseasytochangethehagitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.
d.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountsofstress
4.1nParagraph3,"suchareaction"refersbackto.
a."makingachoicebetween'flight'or'fight'"
b."reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically"
c."respondingtocrisesquickly"
d."losingheartatthesignsdifficulties"
5.1nthelastsentenceofthepassage,"doso"refersto.
a."exposeourselvestostress"
b."findwaystodealwithstress"
c."removestressfromourlives"
d."establishedlinksbetweendiseasesandstress"
6/200答案:dadbc
Inthe1960szmanyyouncAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.They
wantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.epual.So
meofthemdecidedto"dropout"ofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.
Theyformedutopiancommunities,whichtheycalled"communes,"wheretheycoul
dfollowtheirphilosophyof"doyourownthing."Agroupofartistsfoundedacomm
uneinsouthernColoradocalled"DropCity."Followngtheideasofphilosopherand
architectBuckminsterFullertheybuiltdomeshapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.
Othergroups,suchasauthorKenKesey'sMerryPranksters,thefollowersfoSanFra
nciscopoetSteveGakin,endagroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarm,livedinoldsc
hoolhusesandtraveledaroundtheUnitedStates.TheHogFarmbecomefamousw
hentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin'sfolio
werstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee,buttheyhadtoleavewhensome
membersofthegruopwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana.
Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyof"doyouownthing,"however.Twin
Oaks,acommunefoundedinVirgianiainthelate1960szwasbasedontheideas
ofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontro
liedbySkinner's"conditioning"techniquestodothingsthatweregoodforthecom
munity.In1972,ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosanti,autopiancit
yArizsonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalleda
n"archology"Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywill
allbecomeone.
l.WhydidsomeyoungAmericansdecideto"dropout"ofscoietyduringthe1960s?
a.TheywerenotsatisfiedwithAmericansociety.
b.Theywantedtogrowmarijuana.
c.TheywantedtogototheVietnamWar.
d.Theydidnotwantallpeopletobeequal.
2.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommunelive?
a.Indome-shapedhouse
b.Inoldschoolhuses
c.OnafarminTennessee
d.InanarchologyinArizona
3.WhogavethepeopleofDropCitytheideatobuliddome-shapedhouse?
a.PaoloSoleri
c.SteveGaskin
d.BuckminsterFuller
4.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebaseon?
a.Thephilosophyof"doyourownthing"
b.Virginaiainthelate1960s
c.Theideasofpsychologist
d.Thebeliefthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogerher.
5.Whatisan"archology"?
a.Apersonwhostudiesarchaeology
b.Alargebuildingwherepeoplelivecloselytogether
c.AcityinArizona
d.Atechniquetocontorlpeople
7/200答案:abdcb
8/200
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstistheso
rtofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapa
blethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividual
willhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothese
condfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichhei
sreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvionmertally,itislikelythathisbrainwil
Ifailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapa
ble.
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintellingencecanbede
monstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidenti
cal,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesam
e.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplaced
inseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasreatedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisol
atedcommunitywithpooreducationalpooprtunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofw
ell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogood
schools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenviroment
aldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregibe
ntesetstomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigher
thantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequa
Iopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythe
samelevel.
l.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled.
a.MeasuringYourIntelligence
b.IntelligenceandEnvironment
c.TheCaseofPeterandMark
d.HowthebrainInfluencesIntelligence
2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat.
a.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably
b.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimprotantindetermininghisintelligence
c.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence
d.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence
3.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is.
a.85
b.100
c.110
d.125
4.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat
a.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel
b.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenviroment
c.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence
d.changesofenviromentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain
5.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual'sI.Q..
a.canbepredictedatbirth
b.staysthesamethrouthouthislife
c.canbeincreasedbyeducation
d.isdeterminedbyhischildhood
8/200答案:bcbcc
9/200
Asshewalkedroundthehugedepartmentstore,Edithreflectedhowdifficultitwast
ochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishthathewasaseasyt
opleaseashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume
Besides,shoppongatthistimeoftheyearwasamostdisgreeableexperience:peopl
etrodonyourtoes,pokedyouwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouoverinthei
rhastetogettoabargainaheadofyou.
Partlytohavearest,Edithpausedinfrontofacounterwheresomeattraciveties
wereondisplay."Theyarerealsilk,"theassistantassuredher,tryingtotempther.
"Worthdoubletheprice."Buteditknewfrompastexperiencethatherchoiceoftie
shardlyeverpleasedherfather.
Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallcrowdo
fmanhadgatheredroundacounter.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipesonsale--
-andthepriceswereveryreasonable.Edithdidnothesitateforlong:althoughher
fatheronlysmokedapipeoccasionally,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwas
bundtopleasehim.
Whenshegothomezwithhersmallwell-chosenpresentconcealedinherhandbag,h
erparentswerealreadyatthesuppertable.Hermotherwasinanespeciallycheerf
ulmood,"Yourfatherhasatlasttodecidedtostopsmoking."Sheinformedherda
ughter.
1.Edith'sfather.
a.didnotlikepresent
b.nevergotpresent
c.preferredties
d.wasdifficulttochooseapresentfor
2,TheassistantspoketoEdithbecausesheseemed.
a.attractive
erestedinties
c.tired
d.inneedofcomfort
3.Edithstoppedatthenextcounter.
a.purosely
b.suddenly
c.unwillingly
d.accidentally
4.Edith'sfathersmokedapipe.
a.whenhewasobliged
b.onsocialoccasions
c.fromtimetotime
d.whenhewasdelighted
5.Shoppingwasverydisagreeableatthattimeoftheyearbecause.
a.coustomerstrodoneachother'stoes
b.coustomerspokedeachotherwiththeirelbows
c.customersknockedeachother
d.customersweredoingtheirshoppinginagreathurry
9/200答案:dbdcd
10/200
Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewillevent
uallynotbeenoughresou-ceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddleofthe
21stcenturyjfpresenttrendscontinue,wewillhaveusedupalltheoilthatdrives
ourcars/orexample.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthehumanrace,
thecrowdedconditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustolookforopenspac
esomewhereelse.Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsystemarecapableof
supportinglifeatpresent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,however,hasrecent
lybeensuggestedbyAmericanscientist,ProfessorCarlSagan.
Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhausteditwillbe
possibletochangetheatmophereofVenusandsocreateanewworldalmostasla
rgeasearthitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthantheearthandther
eisonlyatinyamountofwaterthere.
Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldatmosph
eresandatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimilartoth
oseonVenus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedinsmallrocke
ts.SpaceshipwillthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmosphere.Inaf
airlyshorttime,thealgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintooxygenandcarbo
n.
Whenthealgaehavedonetheriwork,theatmospherewillbecomecooler,butbefor
mancansetfootonVenusitwillbeneccessaryfortheoxygentoproducerain.The
surfaceoftheplanetwillstillbetoohotfo
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