浙江省金兰教育合作组织2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 含解析

浙江省金兰教育合作组织2024学年第一学期期中考试高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.1:50.B.2:00.C.2:05.2.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atatrainstation.B.Atanairport.C.Inahotel.3.Whatdoesthemanplantodothisevening?A.Dohishomework.B.Gotothemovies.C.Watchafootballmatch.4.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Thebrokenthermoscutherfeet.B.Shewashurtinthesportsmeeting.C.Herfootwasburntbyhotwater.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?AHarryPotterisnotasgoodaspeoplethink.B.Therearemanygoodbooksforchildren.C.ThestoriesinHarryPotterattractpeoplealot.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemandolastweek?A.Helefthomeonbusiness.B.Hewenttoanursinghome.C.Hehelpedhiswifecleanthegarden.7.Whatdidn’ttheyoungpeopledofortheoldpeople?A.Dosomecleaning.B.Talkwiththem.C.Giveperformances.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydidthemancall?A.Tobookaroom.B.Toprepareforameeting.C.Tochangearoom.9.Whycan’tthemanstayatthehotelthisweekend?A.Becausethehotelisclosedfortheseason.B.Becausethehotelisfullybooked.C.Becausethehotelisholdingameeting.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whathappenedatthehotel?A.Therewasafire.B.Therewasnowater.C.Therewasnoair-conditioning.11.Whydidn’tthewomanallowthemantoopenthedoor?A.Becauseitwaslocked.B.Becausemaybeitwasverycold.C.Becauseitmighthurthishand.12.Howdidthemanandthewomanprobablygetoutoftheirroom?A.Theyescapedthroughthewindow.B.Theycalledthepoliceforhelp.C.Theycoveredupinwetsheetsandranaway.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Sallylovesarguingwithherdad.B.Teenshavetheirownideasabouthowtodress.C.Sally’sdaddoesn’twanthertoweardecentdresses.14.WhatdoweknowaboutSally’sdad?A.Heisopen-minded.B.Heisnarrow-minded.C.Heisold-fashioned.15.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoSally?A.Mostofherschoolmatesdressthewayshedoes.B.Mostpeopleintheworldwearfashionabledresses.C.MostofSally’sdressesareinfashion.16.WhydoesSallysayshehasnodresstowear?A.Becauseshethinksshehasnofashionabledresses.B.Becauseshereallyhasnodresses.C.Becauseherdressesaretooold.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatactivityistheregoingtobeinthemonthofJuly?A.ASummerCamp.B.AnEnglishCompetition.C.ASummerFestival.18.WhenistheFinaloftheInter-schoolPublicSpeakingCompetitiongoingtobeheld?A.July3.B.July7.C.July15.19.Wherewilltheworkshopbeheld?A.AttheExhibitionCentre.B.AtCityHall.C.Atalocaluniversity.20.Whyisthefestivalanexcellentchance?A.Itisbeneficialtoyourstudy.B.Youcanknowaboutthefestival.C.Youcanattendthefestival.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AKnownforitsancientruins,whitewashedvillages,sunnybeaches,tastycuisineandfriendlyatmosphere,itisnowonderthatGreeceranksamongEurope’stoptraveldestinations.Here’salookatsomebestplacestovisitinGreece:CapeSounionSituatedatthesouthernmosttipoftheAtticapeninsula,CapeSounionisbestknownasthesiteoftheruinsoftheancientGreektempleofPoseidon,thegodofthesea.Theremainsareperchedontheheadland,surroundedonthreesidesbythesea.ThessalonikiThessalonikiisGreece’ssecond-largestcity.Livelyfestivals,socialeventsandabuzzingnightlifemakethiscitytheculturalcapitalofGreece.Comprisedofahistoriccitycenterandcommercialdistrict,Thessalonikioffersbotholdandnewattractions.CreteThelargestoftheGreekislands,Creteisaspaciouslandofpleasingcontrastswherelandscapesrangefromstunningcoastlinetoruggedmountainsandrollingcountrysidedottedwitholivetrees.Steepedinhistory,Cretebearsarchaeologicaltracesofthemanycivilizationsthatinhabiteditdownthroughthecenturies.AthensInhabitedformorethan3,000years,AthensiswidelyknownasthebirthplaceofWesterncivilization.Thecitypresentsaconfusingmixtureofhistoricalandmodernfeatures.AthensisfamousnotonlyforitsarchaeologicalruinsandmonumentssuchasthefamousAcropolis,theParthenonandtheAncientAgorajusttonameafew,butalsoforbusiness,cultureandnightlife.1.WherecanthetouristslearnmostaboutGreekculture?A.CapeSounion B.Thessaloniki C.Crete D.Athens2.WhatdoweknowaboutAthens?A.ItishometoWesterncivilization.B.Itisbestknownforarchaeologicalruins.C.Ithasahistoryof3000years.D.Itlacksmodernattractions.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A.Inaresearchpaper. B.Inageographytextbook.C.Inapersonaldiary. D.Inatravelmagazine.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以介绍希腊旅游目的地为主题，并列举了几个值得参观的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Thessaloniki中的“Livelyfestivals,socialeventsandabuzzingnightlifemakethiscitytheculturalcapitalofGreece.Comprisedofahistoriccitycenterandcommercialdistrict,Thessalonikioffersbotholdandnewattractions.(热闹的节日、社交活动和热闹的夜生活使这座城市成为希腊的文化之都。塞萨洛尼基由历史悠久的市中心和商业区组成，提供新旧景点)”可知，Thessaloniki是希腊的文化之都，游客在这里可以很好的了解希腊文化。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Athens中“Inhabitedformorethan3,000years,AthensiswidelyknownasthebirthplaceofWesterncivilization.(雅典被誉为西方文明的发源地，已有3000多年的历史)”可知，雅典是西方文明的发源地。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Knownforitsancientruins,whitewashedvillages,sunnybeaches,tastycuisineandfriendlyatmosphere,itisnowonderthatGreeceranksamongEurope’stoptraveldestinations.Here’salookatsomebestplacestovisitinGreece(希腊以其古老的遗址、粉刷过的村庄、阳光明媚的海滩、美味的美食和友好的氛围而闻名，难怪希腊能跻身欧洲顶级旅游目的地之列。以下是希腊的一些最佳旅游景点)”可知，文章以介绍希腊旅游目的地为主题，并列举了几个值得参观的地方，因此最有可能出现在旅游杂志上。故选D。BThefirstdayofschoolourprofessorchallengedustogettoknowsomeonewedidn’talreadyknow.Istooduptolookaroundwhenagentlehandtouchedmyshoulder.Iturnedroundtofindawrinkled,littleoldladybeamingupatmewithasmilethatlitupherentirebeing.Shesaid,“MynameisRose.I’meighty-sevenyearsold.CanIgiveyouahug?”Ilaughedandenthusiasticallyresponded,“Ofcourse!”andshegavemeagiantsqueeze.“Whyareyouincollegeatsuchayoung,innocentage?”Iasked.Shejokinglyreplied,“I’mheretomeetarichhusband,getmarried,andhaveacoupleofkids...”“Noseriously,”Iasked,curiouswhatmayhavemotivatedhertobetakingonthischallengeatherage.“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!”shetoldme.Thenwebecameinstantfriends.WewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstopandIwasalwaysmesmerizedlisteningtothis“timemachine”asshesharedherwisdomandexperiencewithme.Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampusicon.AttheendofthesemesterweinvitedRosetospeakatourfootballbanquetandI’llneverforgetwhatshetaughtus.Asshebegantodeliverherpreparedspeech,shedroppedherthreebyfivecardsonthefloor.Frustratedandalittleembarrassed,sheclearedherthroatandbegan,“Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold;wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn’ttakeanytalentorability.Theideaistogrowupbyalwaysfindingopportunityinchange.Havenoregrets.Theelderlyusuallydon’thaveregretsforwhatwedid,butratherforthingswedidnotdo.Theonlypeoplewhofeardeatharethosewithregrets.”Attheyear’sendRosefinishedthecollegedegree.OneweekaftergraduationRosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRose?A.Shewasaninnocentlady. B.Shewasoutgoingandhumorous.C.Shewasmightyandfriendly. D.Shehadacoupleofchildren.5.WhydidRoseattendcollegeattheageof87?A.Shewantedtofacechallengesincollege.B.Shewasencouragedbyherfamily.C.Shewaseagertopursueadvancededucation.D.Shewantedtomakefriendswithothers.6.HowwasRose’scollegelife?A.Itwastoughandfrustrating.B.Itrelievedheraginganxiety.C.Itdisplayedherpersonalcharm.D.Itenabledhertorecallthepast.7.WhatcanwelearnfromRose’spresentation?A.Everymomentcountsandleavenoregretmounted.B.Amanwithoutregretsisamanwithoutmemories.C.Everymanisthearchitectofhisownfortune.D.Amanisknownbythecompanyhekeeps.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在大学第一天遇到了一位87岁的老太太Rose，她积极乐观的人生态度令作者和同学们深受启发。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Shesaid,“MynameisRose.I’meighty-sevenyearsold.CanIgiveyouahug?”(她说：“我叫罗斯。我87岁了。我能抱你一下吗?)”以及Shejokinglyreplied,“I’mheretomeetarichhusband,getmarried,andhaveacoupleofkids...(她开玩笑地回答说：“我来这里是为了遇到一个有钱的丈夫，结婚，生几个孩子……)”可知，Rose性格外向且幽默。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!(我一直梦想拥有大学教育，现在我终于实现了这个梦想！)”可以推断出，Rose迫切地渴望接受高等教育。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampusicon.(在那一年里，罗斯成了校园里的偶像)”可知，Rose的大学生活展示了她个人魅力，被大家所熟知和喜爱。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Havenoregrets.Theelderlyusuallydon’thaveregretsforwhatwedid,butratherforthingswedidnotdo.Theonlypeoplewhofeardeatharethosewithregrets.(不要后悔。老年人通常不会为我们做过的事情后悔，而是为我们没有做过的事情后悔。唯一害怕死亡的人是那些有遗憾的人)”可以看出，Rose传达的信息是每时每刻都很重要，不要让遗憾堆积。故选A。CDozensofriversandstreamsinAlaskaareturningrust(生锈的)orange,alikelyresultofthawingpermafrost(冻土解冻),anewstudyfinds.TheArcticisthefastest-warmingregionintheglobe,andasthefrozengroundbelowthesurfacemelts,mineralsoncelockedawayinthatsoilarenowflowingintowaterways.“It’sanunforeseenimpactofclimatechange.”saidBrettPoulin,studyauthorandassistantprofessorofenvironmentaltoxicologyatUniversityofCaliforniaDavis.Thepermafrostthawisexposingmineralstooxygeninaprocessknownasweathering,whichincreasestheacidityofthewateranddissolves(溶解)metalslikezinc,copperandiron—themostapparentmetalthatgivestheriversarustycolorvisibleevenfromsatelliteimages.ThestudyhighlightsthepotentialdegradationofdrinkingwaterandrisktofisheriesintheArctic.“Whenmixedwithanotherriver,itcanactuallymakethemetalsevenmorepotentinitsimpacttoaquatic(水生的)health.”Poulinsaid.Thephenomenonwasfirstobservedin2018,whenresearchersnoticedthemilkyorangeappearanceoftheriversacrossnorthernAlaska’sBrooksRange.Withintheyear,ariverinKobukValleynationalparksawthecompletelossoftwolocalfishspecies.“Ourdatasuggeststhatwhentheriverturnedorange,wesawasignificantdecreaseinmacroinvertebratesandbiofilmonthebottomofthestream,whichisessentiallythebaseofthefoodweb,”Poulinsaidoftherustingphenomenon.“Itcouldbechangingwherefisharegoingtobeabletolive.”Therustingisaseasonalphenomenon,occurringinthesummertypicallyduringJulyandAugust,whenthesoilisthawedthedeepest.TheresearchersattheNationalParkService,USGeologicalSurveyandUniversityofCaliforniaDavisnowwanttobetterunderstandthelong-termpossibleeffectsofthechangingwaterchemistryinplaceswithcontinuouspermafrost,whichincludesArcticregionssuchasAlaska,Canada,RussiaandpartsofScandinavia.8.WhydosomewatersinAlaskachangecolor?A.Mineralsflowintothem.B.Theaciditydecreases.C.Becauseofwaste.D.Becauseofunforeseenfactors.9.Whatnegativeinfluencemaypermafrostthawcauseaccordingtothestudy?A.Itmayexposemineralstooxygen.B.Itmaycontributetorivers’colorchange.C.Itmayposeathreattofishingindustry.D.Itmayresultinacompletelossoflocalfish.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inparagraph3mean?A.Hard. B.Powerful.C.Visible. D.Smelly.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Institutionswillfurtherstudytheissue.B.Soilisthawedthedeepestinthesummer.C.OngoingthawingpermafrostwilldoharmtoArcticregions.D.Theimpactofrustingshouldn’tbeignoredinthelongrun.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了阿拉斯加的河流变色现象，并分析了其原因和影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“DozensofriversandstreamsinAlaskaareturningrust(生锈的)orange,alikelyresultofthawingpermafrost(冻土解冻),anewstudyfinds. TheArcticisthefastest-warmingregionintheglobe,andasthefrozengroundbelowthesurfacemelts,mineralsoncelockedawayinthatsoilarenowflowingintowaterways.(一项新的研究发现，阿拉斯加的数十条河流和小溪正在变成铁锈橙色，这可能是永久冻土融化的结果。北极是全球变暖最快的地区，随着地表以下冻土的融化，曾经被锁在土壤中的矿物质现在流入水道)”可知，阿拉斯加的一些水域因为矿物质流入而变色。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThestudyhighlightsthepotentialdegradationofdrinkingwaterandrisktofisheriesintheArctic.(该研究强调了北极地区饮用水的潜在退化和渔业的风险)”以及文章第三段“Whenmixedwithanotherriver,itcanactuallymakethemetalsevenmorepotentinitsimpacttoaquatic(水生的)health.(当与另一条河流混合时，实际上会使金属对水生动物健康的影响更大)”可知，永久冻土解冻可能对渔业造成威胁。故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“ThestudyhighlightsthepotentialdegradationofdrinkingwaterandrisktofisheriesintheArctic.(该研究强调了北极地区饮用水的潜在退化和渔业的风险)”以及划线处前“Whenmixedwithanotherriver,itcanactuallymakethemetals(当与另一条河混合时，它实际上可以使金属)”划线处后“initsimpacttoaquatic(水生的)health.(对水生动物健康的影响)”结合表示even表示进一步强调可知，当与另一条河流混合时，实际上可以使金属对水生健康的影响更加强烈。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“TheresearchersattheNationalParkService,USGeologicalSurveyandUniversityofCaliforniaDavisnowwanttobetterunderstandthelong-termpossibleeffectsofthechangingwaterchemistryinplaceswithcontinuouspermafrost,whichincludesArcticregionssuchasAlaska,Canada,RussiaandpartsofScandinavia.(美国国家公园管理局、美国地质调查局和加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员现在想更好地了解在永久冻土层不断变化的地区，水化学变化可能产生的长期影响，这些地区包括阿拉斯加、加拿大、俄罗斯等北极地区和部分地区)”可知，有关机构将进一步研究这个问题。故选A。DTwomonthsagoDaisyGreenwellandClareFernyhoughsetupaWhatsAppgrouptodiscusshowtodelaytheiryoungchildren’sdemandsforsmartphones.AftertheypostedabouttheirplansonInstagram,otherparentswantedin.Nowtheirgroup,Smartphone-FreeChildhood,hasmorethan60,000followersdebatinghowtokeeptheirchildrenawayfromthedemondevices—adebatetheyarenaturallyconductingonsmartphonesoftheirown.Thisgroup,basedinBritain,isnottheonlyoneworriedaboutchildren’sscreentime.LastmonththestateofFloridapassedalawbanningsocialmediaforunder-14s.Britain’sgovernmentisreportedlyconsideringabanonmobile-phonesalestounder-16s.TheconcernsaresummedupbyarecentbookbyJonathanHaidt,“TheAnxiousGeneration”,whicharguesthatsmartphones,andespeciallythesocialnetworksaccessedthroughthem,arecausingadreadful“rewiringofchildhood”.First,smartphonesandsocialmediahavebecomeabigpartofchildhood.Bytheageof12nearlyeverychildhasaphone,accordingtoresearchinBritain.Oncetheygetone,socialmediaishowtheyspendmostoftheirscreentime.Americanteensspendnearlyfivehoursadayonsocialapps,accordingtopolls(民意调查)byGallup.YouTube,TikTokandInstagramaremostpopular(Facebook,theworld’slargestsocialnetwork,isadistantfourth).Second,mostagreethatinmuchoftherichworldtherehasbeenadeclineinmentalhealthamongtheyoung.TheshareofAmericanteenagersreportingatleastone“majordepressiveepisode”inthepastyearhasincreasedbymorethan150%since2010.Arethephenomenalinked?Thetimingissuggestive:mentalhealthbegantoslidejustassmartphonesandsocialappstookoff,inthe2010s.Somestudiesalsosuggestthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeonsocialmediahavepoorermentalhealththanlighterusers.Butsuchcorrelationsdonotprovecausation:itmaybe,forinstance,thatdepressed,lonelychildrenchoosetospendmoretimedoom-scrollingthanhappyonesdo.12.WhichaspectdoestheWhatsAppgroupfocuson?A.Debateonsmartphones’function. B.Waystoquitusingsmartphones.C.Planstoattractmoreworriedparents. D.Methodstoridkidsofsmartphones.13.WhydoestheauthormentionJonathanHaidt’sbookinparagraph3?A.ToshowHadit’sconcernsforsmartphones.B.Tostresstheimportanceofone’schildhood.C.Toindicatethenegativeimpactofsmartphones.D.Tosupportthepoliciesonsocialmediaandmobilephones.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Britain’sgovernmentisconsideringabantolimitmobile-phonesales.B.Socialnetworkcompaniesareresponsibleforteenagers’mentaldecline.C.Children’smentaldepressionmaybecloselyrelatedtosmartphones.D.Childrenspendingmoretimeonsocialmediatendtobeunhealthier.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthistext?A.ConcernsoverTeenagers’UseofSmartphonesB.SmartphoneAddiction:ItIsKillingOurNextGenerationC.TheRiseofSmartphone-FreeMovementD.KeepAwayfromSmartphonesandSocialMedia【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了儿童使用智能手机和社交媒体问题及其对心理健康的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“TwomonthsagoDaisyGreenwellandClareFernyhoughsetupaWhatsAppgrouptodiscusshowtodelaytheiryoungchildren’sdemandsforsmartphones.(两个月前，DaisyGreenwell和ClareFernyhough建立了一个WhatsApp小组，讨论如何推迟他们年幼的孩子对智能手机的需求)”可推知，该小组的重点是找方法减少儿童使用智能手机。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“TheconcernsaresummedupbyarecentbookbyJonathanHaidt,‘TheAnxiousGeneration’,whicharguesthatsmartphones,andespeciallythesocialnetworksaccessedthroughthem,arecausingadreadful“rewiringofchildhood”(这些担忧在乔纳森·哈特最近的书《焦虑的一代》中得到了总结，该书认为智能手机，尤其是通过它们访问的社交网络，正在导致可怕的“童年重塑”)”可知，提到这本书是为了表明智能手机的负面影响。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Somestudiesalsosuggestthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeonsocialmediahavepoorermentalhealththanlighterusers(一些研究还表明，花更多时间在社交媒体上的孩子比不太使用的人心理健康更差)”可推知，儿童的心理抑郁可能与智能手机密切相关。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段中“Nowtheirgroup,Smartphone-FreeChildhood,hasmorethan60,000followersdebatinghowtokeeptheirchildrenawayfromthedemon-devices.(现在，他们小组“远离智能手机的童年”有6万多名追随者在讨论如何让他们的孩子远离这些邪恶的设备)”和第五段中“Somestudiesalsosuggestthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeonsocialmediahavepoorermentalhealththanthosewhodon’t.(一些研究还表明，花更多时间在社交媒体上的孩子比不花时间在社交媒体上的孩子心理健康状况更差)”可知，文章介绍了儿童使用屏幕时间增加的现象，特别是智能手机和社交媒体对儿童的危害，故“智能手机成瘾：它正在杀死我们的下一代”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Breathein.Breatheout.Man,you’vehadonetoughday,andyourmindisracing.Ifonlytherewassomethingyoucoulddotorelax!Well,haveyoutriedmeditation?____16____Thesimpleactofclosingyoureyesandfocusingonyourbreathcandowondersforyourbody,buthowdoyouevengetstarted?Inthisarticle,we’llteachyouhowtomeditatestep-by-stepsoyoucanfeellighter.____17____Situprightonachairorcushiontoaidfocusonyourbreath.Restyourhandscomfortably,eitherinamudra(withthepointerfingerandthumbpressedtogether)orinyourlap.Setatimerfor3-5minutestobegin,andgraduallyincreasedurationascomfortallows.Focusonyourbreathing.Thisiswhatmeditation’sallabout.Insteadoftryingnottothinkaboutthings,giveyourselfsomethingpositivetofocuson:yourbreath.____18____Breathethroughyournose,keepingyourmouthclosed,andavoidclenchingyourjaworteeth.Observeyourbreathwithoutanalyzingit.Thisisthehardpart.Thegoalistobepresentwithineachbreath,nottodescribeorjudgeit.____19____Concentrateononebreathatatime.Bringyourattentionbacktoyourbreathifitwanders.Ifyourmindstartstowanderwhileyoumeditate,that’sokay!Ratherthanfocusingonsilencingyourmind,letthethoughtscomeandgo.____20____Ifyouhaveahardtimerefocusing,trycountingyourbreaths.Meditationisapracticeforareason—ittakestimetomaster!Trynottobetoohardonyourself,especiallywhenyou’refirststarting.You’llbuildyourmeditatingmusclewithtime.Afterall,beingmindfulisalifelonggoal.A.Startyourpractice.B.Sitinacomfortableposition.C.Ignoreoutsideworlddistractions,andreturnyourfocustoyourbreath.D.Insteadofworryingaboutwhatyou’refeeling,focusonthepresentmoment.E.Perhapsyouhopemeditatingwillhelpyoumanageyouranxietyandrelaxmore.F.Concentrateonyourinhales(吸气)andexhales,andlettheworriesoftheoutsideworldfloataway.G.Meditationisaprovenwaytoreducestress,lessenanxiety,andenhanceyourconcentration.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.D20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何通过冥想来放松心情和减压。【16题详解】根据上文中的“Ifonlytherewassomethingyoucoulddotorelax!Well,haveyoutriedmeditation?(要是有什么办法能让你放松就好！你试过冥想吗)，介绍了如果有什么方法能帮助放松该多好，以及下文中的“Thesimpleactofclosingyoureyesandfocusingonyourbreathcandowondersforyourbody,buthowdoyouevengetstarted?(闭上眼睛并专注于呼吸这个简单的动作可以为你的身体带来奇迹般的效果，但你该如何开始呢)”，介绍了冥想的好处和实践步骤，而G选项“冥想是一种减轻压力、减少焦虑和增强专注力的有效方法”，总结了冥想的益处，与前后文保持一致。故选G。【17题详解】根据下文中的“Situprightonachairorcushiontoaidfocusonyourbreath.(坐在椅子或垫子上，保持身体直立，以帮助你更好地专注于呼吸)”说明了开始练习时的准备动作，A选项“开始你的练习”为本段的标题。故选A。【18题详解】根据上文中的“Insteadoftryingnottothinkaboutthings,giveyourselfsomethingpositivetofocuson:yourbreath.(不是试图不去想事情，而是给自己一个积极的焦点：你的呼吸)”介绍的是关注呼吸，下文中的“Breathethroughyournose,keepingyourmouthclosed,andavoidclenchingyourjaworteeth.(通过鼻子呼吸，保持嘴巴闭合，同时避免咬紧牙关或牙齿)”，介绍的是呼吸的方法，F选项“集中注意力于吸气和呼气，让外界的烦恼消失”，强调专注于呼吸，与前后文保持一致。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文中的“Thegoalistobepresentwithineachbreath,nottodescribeorjudgeit.(目标是在每次呼吸中保持当下意识，而不是描述或评判它)”，说明了呼吸时要关注当下的情况，D选项“不要担心你的感受，而是专注于当下”，强调专注于当下，与前后文保持一致。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文中的“Bringyourattentionbacktoyourbreathifitwanders(如果你的注意力开始游离，把它带回到呼吸上)”，说明了把注意力转移到呼吸上的问题，C项中“忽略外界的干扰，将注意力带回呼吸上”，强调注意力涣散时，要转回到呼吸上，与前后文保持一致。故选C。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JessicaCoxwastheworld’sfirstarmlesspilot.Bornin1983,Coxneverletherdisabilitybecomeher____21____.Atfirstshewas____22____becauseshedidnothavearms.Ineighthgrade,after____23____prosthetic(假体的)armsforelevenyears,shedecidedtobe“therealJessica”and____24____herarms.Atschool,shelovedgoingouttoswingand____25____herselfflyingovereverything.Cox’spilotjourneybeganwithWrightFlight.shewasgiventhe____26____toexperienceflyingduringatriptoMexico.____27____herfear,shefeltthefreedomofcontrolintheair.Onthatday,shemadea____28____tobecomingapilot.Cox’spursuitofthedreamwasnotwithout____29____,though.Facingchallengesinfindingan_____30_____willingtoteachher,shedidn’tgiveupand_____31_____foundone.Cox’sdreambecamea_____32_____in2008whenshetookherfirstsoloflight.Coxisnotonlyapilotbutalsoamotivationalspeaker.Shehastraveledacrosstheworldto_____33_____others.Shealso_____34_____forpeoplewithdisabilities,helpingthemgainequal_____35_____toeducation,healthcareandthesameadvantagesshehadwhilegrowingup.21.A.disadvantage B.objective C.opportunity D.dilemma22.A.embarrassed B.bored C.discouraged D.delighted23.A.creating B.wearing C.developing D.approving24.A.keptintouchwith B.livedoff C.madeuseof D.gotridof25.A.imagining B.detecting C.evaluating D.appreciating26.A.passion B.activity C.need D.opportunity27.A.Suffering B.Encountering C.Overcoming D.Feeling28.A.difference B.commitment C.purpose D.contribution29.A.barriers B.differences C.impacts D.warnings30.A.scientist B.volunteer C.instructor D.engineer31.A.likely B.simply C.eventually D.actually32.A.reality B.truth C.action D.need33.A.represent B.inspire C.describe D.predict34.A.accepts B.evaluates C.recommends D.advocates35.A.start B.access C.use D.benefit【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.A33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了世界上第一位无臂飞行员JessicaCox身残志坚，克服重重困难实现飞行梦想，并致力于激励他人、为残疾人争取权益的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生于1983年的Cox从不让自己的残疾成为劣势。A.disadvantage劣势；B.objective目标；C.opportunity机会；D.dilemma困境。根据上文“neverletherdisabilitybecome...”可知上文提到了他的残疾，可知尽管她身体有残疾，但她没有让其成为阻碍自己的劣势，而是积极面对生活，故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，因为她没有手臂，她很气馁。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.bored无聊的；C.discouraged气馁的；D.delighted高兴的。根据下文“becauseshedidnothavearms”可知下文说的是她曾经没有胳膊，可以推断出，一开始她因为自身没有手臂这件事是比较消极的状态，C项“discouraged气馁的”更能准确描述她最初可能产生的心理感受，故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：八年级时，在佩戴了十一年假肢后，她决定做“真正的Jessica”并扔掉了她的手臂（假肢）。A.creating创造；B.wearing穿戴；C.developing发展；D.approving批准。根据下文“prostheticarmsforelevenyears”可知下文提到了假肢，可知是佩戴假肢，故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同第3题。A.keptintouchwith与……保持联系；B.livedoff靠……生活；C.madeuseof利用；D.gotridof摆脱；扔掉。根据上文“shedecidedtobe“therealJessica””可知上文说的是她决定做真实的自己，可推理出她决定摆脱假肢，做真实的自己，故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校，她喜欢出去荡秋千，想象自己飞过一切。A.imagining想象；B.detecting探测；C.evaluating评估；D.appreciating欣赏。根据下文“herselfflyingovereverything”可知下文说的是她从一切上方飞过，可推理出这是一种想象的情景，故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次去墨西哥的旅行中，她得到了体验飞行的机会。A.passion热情；B.activity活动；C.need需要；D.opportunity机会。根据下文“toexperienceflyingduringatriptoMexico”可知下文说的是体验飞行，可推理出是得到了一个去体验飞行的机会，故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克服了恐惧，她感受到了在空中掌控的自由。A.Suffering遭受；B.Encountering遇到；C.Overcoming克服；D.Feeling感觉。根据下文“herfear,shefeltthefreedomofcontrolintheair”可知她感受到在空中掌控的自由，可推理出她先是克服了恐惧，然后才能感受到在空中掌控的自由，逻辑上是先克服困难才能有后续积极的感受，故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，她下定决心要成为一名飞行员。A.difference不同；B.commitment承诺；决心；C.purpose目的；D.contribution贡献。根据下文“becomingapilot”可知下文说的是成为一个飞行员，可推理出此处说的是她的决定，makeacommitmenttodoingsth为固定短语，有“下定决心做某事”的意思，此处表示她在体验飞行后就下定决心要成为飞行员，符合语境，故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Cox对梦想的追求并非没有障碍。A.barriers障碍；B.differences不同；C.impacts影响；D.warnings警告。根据下文“Facingchallenges”可知下文提到了挑战，可推理出她在追梦过程中面临很多挑战，也就是有很多障碍，故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对找不到愿意教她的教练的挑战，她没有放弃，最终找到了一位。A.scientist科学家；B.volunteer志愿者；C.instructor教练；D.engineer工程师。根据下文“willingtoteachher”可知下文提到了愿意教她，可推理出是找愿意教她飞行的人，也就是教练，故选C项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同第10题。A.likely可能；B.simply仅仅；C.eventually最终；D.actually实际上。根据下文“foundone”可知下文说的是找到了一个教练，前文提到她遇到困难没放弃，那么后面就是经过努力最终找到了教练，符合事情发展逻辑，故选C项。32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2008年，当她进行了首次单人飞行时，Cox的梦想变成了现实。A.reality现实；B.truth真相；C.action行动；D.need需要。根据下文“whenshetookherfirstsoloflight”可知下文说的是她进行了首次单人飞行，可推理出此处说的是她的梦想成为了现实，becomeareality表示“成为现实”，故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她周游世界去激励他人。A.represent代表；B.inspire激励；C.describe描述；D.predict预测。根据上文“amotivationalspeaker”可知上文说的是她是一位励志演讲者，可推理出她周游世界是去激励他人，故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还为残疾人倡导权益，帮助他们获得平等的受教育机会、医疗保健机会以及她成长过程中所拥有的