浙江省稽阳联谊学校2024-2025学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题 含解析

2024年11月稽阳联谊学校高三联考英语试题卷本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至10页。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthestreet. B.Inacafé. C.Inabakery.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Mike,whathaveyoubeenbusywithrecently?M:I’vebeenworkingovertimesincelastweek.W:Thatsoundsterrible.It’sboilinghotoutside.Let’sfindaplacetosit.Howaboutthecafénexttothebakery?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewprogram. B.Aspeech. C.Anappointment.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Couldyougiveanexclusiveinterviewaboutyournewlylaunchedprogramat10:00a.m.tomorrow?W:I’msorry,butI’llbemakingaspeechthen.Canwerescheduleitforanothertime?M:Sure.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenisthewoman’sreservation?A.OnOctober16th. B.OnOctober18th. C.OnOctober25th.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdatewouldyouliketobookthetablefor?W:The16thofOctober.Oh,sorry.Iforgetthat’smydeparturedate.IwillarriveinYorkintwodays.M:Done.Adepositof25dollarsisrequired.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Useanapp. B.Joinagroup. C.Bringabook.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ifyouarenewtopickingmushroomsintheforest,Iwouldn’trecommendrelyingonpicturesinbookstoidentifythem.W:Whataboutusingphoneapps?M:Youcan’texpectstrongcellphonesignalsthere.Ifpossible,gowithafewpeopleledbyexperts.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoseadvicedoesthewomanwanttoseek?A.Mr.Ward’s. B.Mr.Maude’s. C.Ms.Robbins’s.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Noworries.Mr.Maudewillhavethereportreadyforyou.ButI’matalossnow.HaveyouseenMr.Ward?Ineedhisuniqueopinionsaboutanissue.M:HewentouttopickupMs.Robbins.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Uncleandnephew. C.Neighbors.7.Whatwillacatdowhenitfeelsanxious?A.Holditstailup. B.Stayclosetotheground. C.Keepitseyeshalf-closed.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Felix.Iheardyourcatcryinginyouryardlastnight.Whatwaswrongwithher?M:I’msorry.Lilymusthavedisturbedyou.Shefeltscaredbecausemyunclepaidmeavisit.Isawallherhairstandingonend.W:Wow,youknowalotaboutthecat’sbodylanguage.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?M:Sure.Ifacat’stailisupright,oritseyesarehalf-closed,itmeansitisrelaxed.Andwhenthecatstayslowtothegroundtryingtohide,itindicatesthatit’sfeelingstressed.W:Interesting.Animalsalsohavetheirownwaysofexpressingemotions.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthemandobefore2010?A.Amanager. B.Ateacher. C.Aconsultant.9.Whatistheman’ssecondsuggestion?A.Settingasharedgoal. B.Chattingwithstudents. C.Holdingaweeklyclassmeeting.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Johnson,Iheardthatyouareanexpertinclassroommanagement.Wouldyoupleasesharesometipswithme?M:Sure.Iworkedasaneducationalconsultantrightbeforebecomingateacherin2010.Whenitcomestoclassroommanagement,themostimportantthingistobuildasenseofcommunity.W:Itsoundsabitabstract.Anydetails?M:First,holdameetingwithyourclassonceaweek.Thisgivesyouachancetokeeptrackofhowyourstudentsaredoingandpresentconcernstothem.W:Ibelievethatiswhatallteachersshoulddo.M:Yeah.Then,createagoalforthecourseandaskstudentstoworktogethertowardit.W:Iagree.M:Andletstudentsknowhowtheycancontactyou.Chatwiththembefore,during,andafterclasstoengagewithyourstudents.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?AGrateful. B.Anxious. C.Doubtful.11.WhatdoweknowaboutthewordHogmanay?A.Itwasinventedin1561. B.Itsoriginisstillunclear. C.ItwaswidelyusedinFrance.12.WhatisthetraditionofthefirstfootingduringHogmanay?A.Bringingbreadandcoalasgifts.B.Visitingfriendsbeforemidnight.C.Watchingatraditionalcomedywithfriends.13.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Germany. B.France. C.Britain.【答案】10.B11.B12.A13.A【解析】【原文】W:Steve,myessaycenteredonScottishcultureisnearlydrivingmecrazy.Ineedyourhelp.TellmesomethingaboutHogmanay,please.M:HogmanayisaScottishwordforthelastdayoftheyearorNewYear’sEve.Wedon’tknowexactlywherethewordcomesfrom.ItisthoughttohavefirstbeenusedwidelyafterMary,QueenofScotsreturnedtoScotlandfromFrancein1561.W:HowdoyoucelebrateduringHogmanay?M:FirstfootingisatraditionalpartofHogmanaycelebrations.Firstfootingiswhenyouvisitfriendsorfamilyimmediatelyaftermidnighttobecomethefirstpersontovisittheminthenewyear.Thefirstpersonshouldbringdarkryebreadandapieceofcoaltoensurethepeopleyou’revisitingdon’tgohungryorsufferfromthecoldinthecomingmonths.W:Interesting!InGermany,weusuallywatchtheBritishcomedysketchDinnerforOneduringtheNewYear.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatistheadvantageoftheshuttlebuscomparedtotheGreyhoundbus?A.Lowercost. B.Easierbookingprocess. C.Morefrequentdepartures.15.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$15. B.$28. C.$35.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Catchaflight. B.Lookforhercreditcard. C.Bookaprivatehotel.【答案】14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Davidspeaking.HowmayIhelpyou?W:Hello,thisisHelen.I’mflyingtoTorontothedayaftertomorrow.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettoMiltonfromtheairport?M:YoucantakeaGreyhoundbusorusetheairportshuttleservice.W:TheGreyhoundbussoundsgood.Howmuchdoesitcostperperson?M:$15oneway,or$27.50return.Butthereisonlyonebusaday.Itleavesat3:45p.m.W:Weareduetoarriveat11:30a.m.Thatwillkeepuswaitingformorethan4hours!Whatabouttheshuttlebus?M:Itwilltakeyourighttoyourhotelorprivateaddress.Thereisoneeverytwohours.W:Great.Pleasereserveaone-wayticketforme.M:Okay.$35perperson.AndsincetheCanadianInternationalAirShowiscurrentlygoingon,youcanalsoenjoya20%discount.(15)Ineedyourflightnumberandcreditcardnumber.W:Holdon.Ihaveforgottenthecardnumber.Letmegetmycardfrommystudy.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Reportingapieceofnews. B.Providingfirstaidtraining. C.Hostinganawardceremony.18.WhatsymptomdidJessicanoticeinherclient?A.Thesoundofchoking.B.Asuddendropinbloodpressure.C.Inabilitytocommunicateproperly.19.WhatwastheimmediateactiontakenbyJessica?A.Shecalled911atonce.B.Sheupdatedtheclient’ssituation.C.Shegavetheclientsomemedicine.20.Whatismainlyintroducedbythespeaker?A.Jessica’slifesavingefforts. B.Jessica’schatwithaclient. C.Richard’sraceagainsttime.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】Whennightfell,aroundthesametimeasnow,JessicaRheawaschattingwithaclient.Duringtheconversation,Jessicanoticedthatsomethingwaswrong.TheclientbegantodropoffandhadproblemsunderstandingwhatJessicawassaying—classicsignsofastroke.Jessicadidnothesitatetotakeimmediateaction.Shecalled911atonce,makingsurethattheclientwouldreceiveurgentmedicalattention.Meanwhile,Jessicacontactedtheemergencycentertoinformthedoctorsofthesituation.Jessica’sresponsedidnotstopthere.Shecontactedtheemergencycenteragaintoprovidethemostrecentsituationabouttheclient.Herabilitytoquicklyidentifythesignsofastrokeandtakeeffectiveactionundoubtedlysavedtheclient’slife.WecouldnotbemoreproudofJessica.Andheroutstandingeffortsshouldbehighlighted.JessicaRhea’sactionsserveasapowerfulreminderofthecriticalrolethatcaregiversplayinthelivesoftheirclients.Now,let’swelcomeRichardRochestertopresentJessicaRheawiththeLifesavingAward.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWe’vecombedtheglobeforthebesthotelsoftheyear.Herearesomeofourpicks.RevampedHotel(Badeschloss,Austria)ViennesearchitectsBWMhavetransformeditintoared-hotretreat.Its13-storeyconcreteadditionhasbroughttheroomtotalto102,andallaredesignedincandycolourswithbathhouseaccentslikepoolladders,privatesaunasanddeeptubsyoucanpracticallyswimin.Theicingonthiscakeistherooftopheatedpoolatopthreefloorsofsaunas.RemoteSleep(BocadeAgua,Mexico)Withacomplexof22elevatedtreehousesdeepintherainforestontheYucatánPeninsula,thetreehouseshavebeencreatedusingwastedmaterialsandapared-backaestheticthatallowsthesurroundingjungletotakecentrestage.Theemphasisisonsofteningthewallsbetweenthewildernessandguests,withoutdoorshowers,viewsofhammocksswinginglazilyonthedeck.Eco-Stay(SantoMine,Greece)InthewhitewashedvillageofOia,innorthernSantorini,SantoMinehasbeenhotonsustainability.Supportinglocalsuppliers,managingwasteresponsiblyandprotectingbiodiversitywithindigenousgardensistheMO(MissionObjective).Simplebutelegantsuiteswithlightwoodsandsea-facingbedssleepuptofourpeoplewithprivatepools,privatewhirlpoolbathsandthespectaculardailysunset.MountainRefuge(OdlesLodge,Italy)Odlesisamixofunderstatedluxuryandrawwilderness,withpineforestandflower-fleckedmeadowsatitsfeet.Theminimalist-coollodgesuseblondespruceandSwissstonepine—thefragrantuntreatedtimberapparentlypromotesbettersleep-whilethewindowsandbalconiesframeimpressiveviews.ThespiritofSouthTyrol’straditionalmountainhutsiscaptured,too.21.InBocadeAgua,travelerscan______.A.softenthewalls B.liveinatreehouseC.performonthecentrestage D.viewhammocksinthejungle22WhatisthemainconcernofthehotelinGreece?A.Eco-friendliness. B.Naturalscenery.C.Customers’privacy. D.Socialresponsibility.23Whichaspectisincludedinallofthefourhotelsmentionedabove?A.Buildingmaterials. B.Roomsavailable.C.Specificlocation. D.Distinctivefeature.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了全球最佳酒店的推荐。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据RemoteSleep(BocadeAgua,Mexico)部分中的“Withacomplexof22elevatedtreehousesdeepintherainforestontheYucatánPeninsula,thetreehouseshavebeencreatedusingwastedmaterialsandapared-backaestheticthatallowsthesurroundingjungletotakecentrestage.(尤卡坦半岛雨林深处有一个由22座高架树屋组成的综合体，这些树屋是用废弃的材料和简约的美学建造的，使周围的丛林成为中心舞台。)”可知，在BocadeAgua，旅行者可以住在树屋里。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Eco-Stay(SantoMine,Greece)部分中的“InthewhitewashedvillageofOia,innorthernSantorini,SantoMinehasbeenhotonsustainability.Supportinglocalsuppliers,managingwasteresponsiblyandprotectingbiodiversitywithindigenousgardensistheMO(MissionObjective).(在圣托里尼岛北部的白色村庄奥伊亚，SantoMine酒店一直热衷于可持续发展。支持当地供应商、负责任地管理废物以及通过本土花园保护生物多样性是其使命目标。)”可知，希腊的这家酒店主要关注的是生态友好。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据RevampedHotel(Badeschloss,Austria)中的“Theicingonthiscakeistherooftopheatedpoolatopthreefloorsofsaunas.(这个蛋糕上的糖衣是三层桑拿浴室顶部的屋顶温水游泳池。)，RemoteSleep(BocadeAgua,Mexico)中的“Withacomplexof22elevatedtreehousesdeepintherainforestontheYucatánPeninsula,thetreehouseshavebeencreatedusingwastedmaterialsandapared-backaestheticthatallowsthesurroundingjungletotakecentrestage.(尤卡坦半岛雨林深处有一个由22座高架树屋组成的综合体，这些树屋是用废弃的材料和简约的美学建造的，使周围的丛林成为中心舞台。)”，Eco-Stay(SantoMine,Greece)中的“

Simplebutelegantsuiteswithlightwoodsandsea-facingbedssleepuptofourpeoplewithprivatepools,privatewhirlpoolbathsandthespectaculardailysunset.(简单而优雅的套房配有浅色木材和面朝大海的床，最多可供四人入住，配有私人游泳池、私人漩涡浴和壮观的每日日落。)”以及MountainRefuge(OdlesLodge,Italy)中的“Odlesisamixofunderstatedluxuryandrawwilderness,withpineforestandflower-fleckedmeadowsatitsfeet.(奥德斯是低调奢华和原始荒野的混合体，脚下是松林和点缀着花朵的草地。)”可知，四个酒店都提到了各自的特点。故选D。BDowereallyneedrealdubbingartistsintheageofartificialintelligence?Indeed,manyhaveharboreddoubtsaboutthefutureandnecessityofrealdubbing(配音)artists.YetforKathrynLin,aleadingdubbingartistfromChina’sTaiwanisland,theprofessionmeansthesharedhappinessofgenerationsofaudiencesonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStrait.Bornin1975,Linwasfrequentlychosenbyherschooltotakepartinvariousspeechcontests.Unfortunately,inherfirstyearofcollege,herfamilyfacedamajorfinancialcrisis,andshehadnochoicebuttodropoutofcollegeandtakeuppart-timejobsinshopsandrestaurants.Thechancetojointhedubbingindustrycamewhenthedubbingartists’uniononTaiwanislandwantedtorecruitstudentsfordubbingperformances,andshemadeit.Sinceshewasanewcomertotheindustry,shehadtocompleteherapprenticeship(学徒期)beforegettingrealwork,whichusuallytakesthreetofiveyearsofhardwork,butLinachievedthatinlessthantwoyears.“Afterworkingforafewyears,Irealizedthatthejobwasnotjustaboutbreadandbutter,”shesaid,stressingthatthepopularcharactersshehasdubbedforhavegivenher“alotofinsightintolifeandintriguingexperiences”.TalkingabouttheChinesemainland’sanimationmarket,Linsaidmainlandproductionshavealotoforiginalelements.Mainlandanimations“areaculturalblendoftheEastandtheWest,andthestyleinspiresmealotwhendubbing.”Inhersparetime,shealsoattendslecturestohelpyoungcriminals,andchildrenwhohavedroppedoutofschool.“Theymighthavebeenunderstressorwerereallyconfusedbeforebreakingthelaw,ormighthavedroppedoutofschoolforfamilyreasons,”shesaid.WhenitcomestoAIdubbing,Linsaidsheis“actuallytryingtobelesspessimistic…Ithinkit’safuturetrend.”Linbelievesdubbingartistscantransformthemselvesby,forinstance,teachingtheartofdubbingtoyoungerpeople,publishingbooks,teachinginschoolsandgivinglectures.24.WhatmadeLintakeupdubbing?A.Herfamily’srequest. B.Herschool’srecommendation.C.Thedubbingunion’srecruitment. D.Herkeeninterestinthedubbingindustry.25.WhatdoweknowaboutmainlandproductionsinLin’seyes?A.Theyarefullyoriginal.B.Theirstylecangreatlyinspireviewers.C.Theirfiguresareappealingandthought-provoking.D.TheyfeatureacombinationoftheEastandtheWest.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin?A.Diligentandthoughtful. B.Talentedandgenerous.C.Competentandeasy-going. D.Outgoingandhumorous.27.WhatdidLinthinkofdubbinginthefuture?A.SheispessimisticaboutAIdubbing.B.AIdubbingwillsubstitutefordubbingartiststoanextent.C.AIdubbingwillmerelymakeupasmallpartoftheindustry.D.Dubbingartistswon’tbereplacedasdubbingrepresentssharedhappiness.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要向读者讲述了KathrynLin的个人经历及职业生涯，并分享了她对AI冲击下配音行业前景的预测。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thechancetojointhedubbingindustrycamewhenthedubbingartists’uniononTaiwanislandwantedtorecruitstudentsfordubbingperformances,andshemadeit.(加入配音行业的机会来了，当时台湾岛的配音艺术家协会想招募学生来做配音表演，她成功加入了。)”可知，配音协会希望招收学生进行配音表演，这一契机促成她加入配音行业。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TalkingabouttheChinesemainland’sanimationmarket,Linsaidmainlandproductionshavealotoforiginalelements.Mainlandanimations“areaculturalblendoftheEastandtheWest,andthestyleinspiresmealotwhendubbing.”(谈到中国大陆的动画市场，Lin说大陆制作有很多原创元素。内地动画“是东西方文化的融合，这种风格在配音时给了我很多灵感。”)”可知，在Lin的眼中，大陆动画是东西方文化的融合。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Sinceshewasanewcomertotheindustry,shehadtocompleteherapprenticeship(学徒期)beforegettingrealwork,whichusuallytakesthreetofiveyearsofhardwork,butLinachievedthatinlessthantwoyears.(由于她是这个行业的新人，她必须完成学徒期才能找到真正的工作，这通常需要三到五年的努力，但Lin在不到两年的时间里就做到了。)”可知，Lin只用了不到两年就完成了学徒期，可知她很勤奋。根据第五段中“Inhersparetime,shealsoattendslecturestohelpyoungcriminals,andchildrenwhohavedroppedoutofschool.(在业余时间，她还参加帮助年轻罪犯和辍学儿童的讲座。)”可知，她参加讲座，帮助年轻罪犯和辍学儿童，可知她很关心别人。由此可推知，Lin是一个勤奋和体贴的人。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenitcomestoAIdubbing,Linsaidsheis“actuallytryingtobelesspessimistic…Ithinkit’safuturetrend.”Linbelievesdubbingartistscantransformthemselvesby,forinstance,teachingtheartofdubbingtoyoungerpeople,publishingbooks,teachinginschoolsandgivinglectures.(当谈到人工智能配音时，林说她“实际上试图不那么悲观……我认为这是未来的趋势。”Lin认为配音艺术家可以通过向年轻人传授配音艺术、出版书籍、在学校教书和做讲座等方式来改变自己。)”可推断，Lin认为AI配音是未来发展趋势，配音演员可以转型，所以人工智能配音将在一定程度上上取代配音演员。故选B。CYou’llfinditatthedoctor’soffice,atthegym,andinonlinecalculators:thebodymassindex,orBMI.Ithasbeenever-presentsinceitsintroductioninthe1970s.Butthismetric(度量标准)ofa“healthyweight”hascomeunderexaminationinthepastdecadeorso,andwithgoodreason.Therelationshipbetweenphysicalwell-beingandBMIiscomplicated,andit’softennotagoodindicatorofyouroverallhealth,expertssay.BMIisasimplemeasurementcalculatedbydividingaperson’sweight(ormassinkilogramsifusingmetric)bytheirheight.Fordecades,clinicianshaveusedBMItoputourweightintodifferentcategories:underweight,normal,overweight,orobese.Twenty-fiveisthemagicnumber:atthisnumberorhigher,youfallintotheoverweightorobesecategory.SomepopulationstudieshaveassociatedhavingahighBMIwithincreasedriskofcardiovasculardisease,TypeIIdiabetes,andotherendocrinedisorders.However,itmaynotbeweightalonethatplaysintothesenegativehealtheffects:researchshowsthesocietalshamepeoplewithhighBMIhavecouldalsocontributetopoorhealthoutcomes.OtherstudieshavefailedtofindastrongcorrelationbetweenBMIandhealth.Peoplewhoareleancanbeunhealthy,andpeoplewhohaveaBMIover25canhavesomehealthmarkers,saysFatimaStanford,anassociateprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolandobesitymedicinephysicianatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.ThenwhydowestillrelyonBMI?Onereasonisthatit’sarelativelysimplemeasurementtotake.Thismakesthemetriceasilyaccessibletopractitionerswithoutspecializedtraining,saysEleannaDeFilippis,aphysicianattheMayoClinic.StanfordsaysthatextremelyloworhighvaluesofBMIcouldbeanindicatorofpotentialhealthissuesdespiteitsearlyintroduction,butvaluesaround25to30aredifficulttointerpretwithoutotherhealthmetrics.However,therearebigissueswithonlyusingBMI,toassesshealth.BMIcan’ttellwhatpercentageofaperson’sweightisfromtheirfat,muscle,orbone.That’swhymuscularathletesoftenhaveahighBMIdespitehavinglittlebodyfat,DeFilippissays.It’salsopossibletohavepoorhealthmeasures,likehighbloodpressureandcholesterol,andbeata“normal”BMI,Stanfordsays.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBMI?A.PeoplewithinnormalBMIrangecanbeunhealthy.B.ExpertssuggestusingBMItoimplyouroverallhealth.C.PeoplewhohaveaBMIof26fallintotheobesecategory.D.Peopledon’toftenuseBMItomeasuretheirhealthnowadays.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correlation”inparagraph4mean?A.Assumption. B.Connection. C.Correction. D.Distinction.30.WhydoesStanfordthinkBMIiswidelyused?A.Itisscientificandreliableinmanycases.B.Itiseasytouseforthosewithoutmuchtraining.C.Itisstillanaccurateindicatorofyouroverallhealth.D.Itcouldbeofsomeuseinindicatinghealthproblems.31.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TointroducetoreaderswhatBMIis. B.ToarguethatBMIshouldnotbeusedwidely.C.ToinformreadersoftheshortcomingsofBMI. D.ToencouragereaderstoabandontheuseofBMI.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过一些研究及不同专家的看法指出了BMI这一度量标准的不足之处。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Peoplewhoareleancanbeunhealthy,andpeoplewhohaveaBMIover25canhavesomehealthmarkers,saysFatimaStanford,anassociateprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolandobesitymedicinephysicianatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.(哈佛医学院的副教授兼麻省总医院的肥胖医学专家法蒂玛·斯坦福德指出，即使体型苗条的人也可能存在健康问题，而体重指数(BMI)超过25的人可能在某些健康指标上表现正常)”可知，在正常BMI范围内的人也可能不健康。故选A项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“OtherstudieshavefailedtofindastrongcorrelationbetweenBMIandhealth.(其他研究未能发现BMI与健康之间存在很强的correlation)”以及“Peoplewhoareleancanbeunhealthy,andpeoplewhohaveaBMIover25canhavesomehealthmarkers,saysFatimaStanford,anassociateprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolandobesitymedicinephysicianatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.(哈佛医学院的副教授兼麻省总医院的肥胖医学专家法蒂玛·斯坦福德指出，即使体型苗条的人也可能存在健康问题，而体重指数(BMI)超过25的人可能在某些健康指标上表现正常)”可知，身体质量指数与健康之间没有很强的相关性。划线单词correlation意为“相关性，关联”。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“StanfordsaysthatextremelyloworhighvaluesofBMIcouldbeanindicatorofpotentialhealthissuesdespiteitsearlyintroduction,butvaluesaround25to30aredifficulttointerpretwithoutotherhealthmetrics.斯坦福德表示，尽管体重指数(BMI)早已被引入，但极低或极高的BMI值可能是潜在健康问题的标志。然而，BMI在25到30之间的值如果没有结合其他健康指标，很难准确解读)”可知，BMI可能有助于指示健康问题。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Therelationshipbetweenphysicalwell-beingandBMIiscomplicated,andit’softennotagoodindicatorofyouroverallhealth,expertssay.(专家说，身体健康状况和BMI之间的关系很复杂，它通常不是衡量您整体健康状况的良好指标)”以及最后一段中“That’swhymuscularathletesoftenhaveahighBMIdespitehavinglittlebodyfat,DeFilippissays.It’salsopossibletohavepoorhealthmeasures,likehighbloodpressureandcholesterol,andbeata“normal”BMI,Stanfordsays.(这就是为什么肌肉发达的运动员尽管体脂率很低，但他们的体重指数(BMI)往往很高，德菲利皮斯解释道。斯坦福德补充说，即使体重指数在“正常”范围内，也有可能存在不良的健康指标，比如高血压和高胆固醇)”可知，作者引用了不同专家的看法，客观、中立地介绍了BMI这一度量标准的不足。故选C项。DWhyaresomeofusgoodatmath,orwriting,whileothersexcelatartorbasketball?Whatcausesthedifferences?Aretheylargelydeterminedbythegenes(nature)weinherit(遗传)fromourparents?Howmuchdoesthesocialenvironment(nurture)havetodowithit?Ifyouwereascientistinterestedinthesequestions,wouldn’tyoulovetostudyidenticaltwins?Overthelast10years,ateamofscientistsledbypsychologistThomasJ.BouchardJr.hasstudiedabout65pairsofidenticaltwinswhowereraisedapart.ThescientistsbringeachpairoftwinstotheUniversityofMinnesotaforaweekofintensivetesting.Theyrecordthetwins’height,weight,eyecolor,earshape,andheadlength.Meanwhile,theygivethetwinsIQandpersonalitytests.Bouchard’steamhasbeenstartledbythesimilaritiesbetweentwinsraisedapart.Thetwinsoftenhavesurprisinglysimilargesturesandpostures,forinstance.Andtheyhaveledremarkablysimilarlives.Adultidenticaltwinsalsotendtohavesimilarmedicalhistories,developingtheeyediseaseglaucomaatthesametime,forexample.“Thecoincidencesarenotsurprising,”somecriticsoftheMinnesotastudysay.Theyarguethateveryone’slifehassomanydetailsthatanumberofcoincidencesareboundtoexist.What’smore,foreverycoincidencediscoveredbyapairofidenticaltwinsraisedapart,thecriticscouldpointtoavastnumberofundiscovereddifferences.AccordingtoBouchard,theyfindthatgenesplayabigpartinshapingourpersonalities-helpingtodeterminewhetherwerespecttraditionandliketofollowrulesornot.Theteamhasreportedthatintelligencealsoseemstobeinfluencedmuchmorebygenesthanbyenvironment.Despitebeingraisedbydifferentfamilies,separatedidenticaltwinsearnedidenticalornearlyidenticalscoresonadultintelligencetests.Otherscientists,however,disagree.“Howcanyoustudywhetherintelligenceisinheritedwhentherearesomanydifferentwaysjusttodefineintelligence?”Theproblemappliestoothertraits(特征),theysay.Bouchardhimselfmakesthepointthateventhemostcloselymatchedtwinsaredifferentfromeachother.Soeventhoughgenesmayhaveastronginfluenceoverourlives,they’renottheonlyinfluence.Ourday-to-dayexperienceshelptoshapeustoo.32.Whyarescientistssointerestedinstudyingidenticaltwinsraisedapartindifferentenvironments?A.Becauseitcanbestudiedwithaweekofintensivetesting.B.Becausethisgroupoftwinshavethemoststrikingsimilarities.C.Becauseitisagoodwaytomeasuretheeffectsofnatureandnurture.D.Becausetherehasalreadybeenalotofresearchonidenticaltwinsraisedtogether.33.WhatdocriticsoftheMinnesotastudysayaboutthesimilaritiesbetweentwinsraisedapart?A.Theyaremerelycoincidences.B.Theyareoverstatedtosomeextent.C.Theyarenothingcomparedwiththedifferences.D.Theyaretoocommontodeserveanyseriousconsideration.34.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBouchardagreeto?A.Similaritiesgohandinhandwithdifferences.B.Naturehasanotableinfluenceoverourlives.C.Intelligenceissomethinginheritedratherthanacquired.D.Environmentplaysabiggerpartinpersonaldevelopment.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.InheritedGenesFavorTwins B.EnvironmentTellsApartTwinsC.ScienceLooksTwiceatTwins D.PhysicalTraitsCometoTwins【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过对不同环境下长大的同卵双胞胎的异同研究，得出研究结论：个体差异既受到从父母那里遗传的基因的影响，也受到环境的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whyaresomeofusgoodatmath,orwriting,whileothersexcelatartorbasketball?Whatcausesthedifferences?Aretheylargelydeterminedbythegenes(nature)weinherit(遗传)fromourparents?Howmuchdoesthesocialenvironment(nurture)havetodowithit?Ifyouwereascientistinterestedinthesequestions,wouldn’tyoulovetostudyidenticaltwins?(为什么有些人擅长数学或写作，而有些人擅长艺术或篮球？是什么导致了这些差异？它们在很大程度上是由我们从父母那里继承的基因(天性)决定的吗？社会环境(教养)对其有多大影响？如果你是对这些问题感兴趣的科学家，你难道不想研究同卵双胞胎吗？)”和常识可知同卵双胞胎在相同的环境中成长，很难看出环境和基因到底哪个影响大，但双胞胎在不同的环境中成长，就可以较准确的比较哪个作用比较大。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Thecoincidencesarenotsurprising,”somecriticsoftheMinnesotastudysay.Theyarguethateveryone’slifehassomanydetailsthatanumberofcoincidencesareboundtoexist.What’smore,foreverycoincidencediscoveredbyapairofidenticaltwinsraisedapart,thecriticscouldpointtoavastnumberofundiscovereddifferences.(“这些巧合并不令人惊讶，”明尼苏达研究的一些批评者说。他们认为，每个人的生活都有很多细节，因此必然存在一些巧合。更重要的是，对于一对分开抚养的同卵双胞胎所发现的每一个巧合，批评者都可以指出大量未被发现的差异)”可知，一些批评者认为这只是巧合。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bouchardhimselfmakesthepointthateventhemostcloselymatchedtwinsaredifferentfromeachother.Soeventhoughgenesmay