浙江省温州市环大罗山联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 含解析

2024学年第一学期温州环大罗山联盟期中联考高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1.本卷共10页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。选择题部分（共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomantakewithher?A.Asportsbag. B.Asuitcase. C.Abackpack.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedpacking?W:No,mysuitcasebrokesoIneedsomethingnewtoputinmythings.I’llgetoneofthosebigsportsbagsasqualitybackpacksareexpensive.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthemancalloffhistrip?A.Theweatherwasbad. B.Hewasn’tinterestedinit. C.Therewasanurgentsituation.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IcanceledmytriptoNewYork.W:Wasitduetoweatherconditions?M:No,therewasafamilyemergency.Youknow,sometimesthingshappeninanunexpectedway.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Collectsomeplants. B.Gotoworkinthelab. C.Deliversomematerials.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyousenttheplantmaterialsyoucollectedyesterdaytothelaboratory?W:Notyet.M:Whendoyouplantosendthem?W:I’llgetitdoneinthenexthalfhour.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisgrandmother’smovingin?A.Appreciative. B.Surprised. C.Anxious.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doesyourhouseseememptynowafteryoursisterleftforcollege?M:Notreally.Mygrandmother’smovedintoherroom.It’sreallynicehavinghertherebecauseshecookssupperformeifmymomanddadgooutfortheevening.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthewoman’sbooknow?A.Onabed. B.Onadesk. C.Inachest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.IleftmybookonthebedwhenIcheckedoutjustnow.Haveyouseenit?M:Oh,yes.Thehousekeepersawitandgaveittothemanagerwhoputitwiththeotherlostproperty.Hekeepsitallinthewoodenchestbehindhisdesk.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheman’sprimaryconcernabouttheinvestment?A.Theprofit. B.Thesafety. C.Theflexibility.7.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Showthemanawebsite. B.Givethemanauserguide. C.Openanaccountfortheman.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Soifyou’reafteralow-riskinvestment,I’dsaygoforthissavingsaccount.It’sanextremelyreliableproduct.M:Whatdoyoumeanbyreliable?W:Well,youearnafixed3%ayear.M:CanIclosetheaccountwheneverIwant?W:Yes,youcan.M:AndcanIchecktheaccountonline?W:Ofcourse.Andit’saveryuser-friendlysite.Ifyouhaveamoment,Icandemonstratetoyouhoweasyitis.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheman’shouse. B.Onaplane. C.Atanairport.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Usethefastcheck-inservice.B.Takethebluesuitcaseonboard.C.Lethischildrengothroughsecurityfirst.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Threepeople,sir?M:Yes.W:Butyouonlyhavetwoboardingpasseshere.Where’sthethirdone?M:Ohno!Iusedtheonlinecheck-inserviceathome.Ididn’tseetherewereonlytwo.W:Andthatbluesuitcase,sir.That’sholdbaggage.It’stoobigtotakeontheplane.Youneedtocheckitin.M:I’llhavetogoback.Canmychildrengothroughsecuritynow?W:No,I’msorry,theycan’t.Justgobackandexplainthesituation.Gototheprioritycheck-in.Itwillbequicker.M:OK,thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatisSimon’smainjobresponsibility?A.Sellingproducts. B.Developingsoftware. C.Providingcustomersupport.11.Whatisthefunctionofthesoftware?A.Toanalyzemarkettrends.B.Toworkoutproductioncosts.C.Tomanagerelationswithcustomers.12.HowmanyemployeesworkatSimon’scompany?A.3. B.12. C.13.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyoudo,Simon?M:Iworkforacompanythatproducessoftware.AndI’masalesrepresentative.W:Whodoyouworkwith?M:Iworkwithasmallteamofrepresentatives.Therearethreeofus.AndobviouslyIhavealotofcontactwithmycustomers.W:Sowhoareyourcustomers?M:Internationalcompaniesthatworkwithproducersandsuppliersabroad.Theyuseoursoftwaretofigureoutthecostofmakingaproductindifferentcountries.W:Howdoesthishelpyourcustomers?M:Well,theyknowtheproductioncostineachcountry.Thentheychoosethesupplierwiththebestprice.W:OK,Isee.Whatsortofproblemsdoyoudealwithinyourwork?M:Thebiggestproblemistime—mycompanyonlyhires12people.Iprimarilysellsoftwareatwork,butIalsoneedtotrainourcustomerstouseitandthat’salotofwork.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatareNicoleandAnthony?A.Filmcritics. B.Newsreporters. C.Radiopresenters.14.Whatisthespeakers’opiniononthenewJamesBondactor?A.Hewasagoodfitbutnotthebest.B.HewasatypicalJamesBondactor.C.Hemadethecharacterunbelievable.15.WhichdoesNicolethinkwasgoodaboutthemovie?A.Themusic. B.Thestory. C.Thespecialeffects.16.WhatratingdoesAnthonygivethemovie?A.Twostars. B.Fourstars. C.Fivestars.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Ladiesandgentlemen,goodevening,youarelisteningtoAttheMovies!I’mNicoleReeves.M:AndI’mAnthonyHale.Goodevening!W:Tonightwe’regoingtolookatthenewJamesBondfilm.Well,IreallylikedthisnewJamesBondactor!He’sthemostsuitableactorthat’severhadtherole.M:Iagree,aperfect007type.W:Yeah,andhisactingwassounbelievablynatural.M:Whatdidyouthinkofthestory?W:ItwasthestandardBondmoviewiththeusualbeautifulwomen,theusualbadcharacter—nothingnew.M:Well,IhavetosaythatIthoughtthestorywasunusuallygood.W:Fine,whatdidyouthinkaboutthemusic?Iwastotallyimpressedbyit.M:Yeah,itreallyaddedtotheactionscenes.W:Yes,butunfortunatelythatbringsupaweaknessinthefilmforme:thespecialeffects.Again,it’sjustthesameoldstuff.M:So,overall,howdoyouratethismovie?W:Well,Ihavetogiveitonlytwostars…aratingof“fair”.Howaboutyou?M:Well,Igiveitmyhighestrating…fourstarsoutoffive!W:Hmm.Well,that’sallfromustonight.Seeyoutomorrowandwe’lltalkaboutabest-sellingnovel.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatisTimmainlytalkingabout?A.ThecareerofhimandSam.B.Thedevelopmentofhismusicaltalent.C.Theexperiencesofbeingtwinbrothers.18.WhenwasTimborn?A.InJanuary. B.InOctober. C.InDecember.19.Whatisprobablythephysicaldifferencebetweenthetwins?A.Thehair. B.Thebuild. C.Thevoice.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutTim?A.HeislessconfidentthanSam.B.Heisnotinterestedingoingout.C.HeisgoingtoputoutSoulBrothers.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hithere.I’mTimTanner.Iamhonoredtobeheretoday.I’veappearedonlotsofTVshowswithmybrotherSamTannerasthesingingtwinbrothers.Peopleoftenaskuswhatit’sliketobetwins.Well,IwasborntenminutesbeforeSamsoI’mtheolderbrother,althoughwedohavearealolderbrother,Ken,who’sayearolderthanus.Wewerebornpremature—wesuddenlyappearedinOctoberratherthanJanuary.Ken’sbirthdayisinDecember,sowe’reprettycloseinage.SamandIaren’tcompletelythesame,butevenourdadmakesmistakessometimes,becausethere’shardlyanydifferenceinourhair,andwe’rethesamebuild.Butassoonasweopenourmouths,he’llknowwhichoneitis.Incharacterwe’remostlysimilar—we’vebothalwayslovedmusic,andwe’vealwayshadarealinterestingoingout.However,peoplethatknowussayI’mnotasconfidentasSamis,whichisprobablytrue.WearegoingtopromoteournewalbumTimeDancenextweek,whichisquitedifferentfromourfirstoneSoulBrothers.We’vepouredourheartsintoit,andwe’dbeincrediblygratefulforyoursupport.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文。从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFormany,thedesiretotravelpeakswhensummerrollsaround.Tohelpyoupickavacationspot,usethislistofthebestsummervacationstohelpyouplanyourgetaway.ParisDaytimetemperaturesinthe70smakessummeroneofthebesttimestowanderaroundtheCityofLight.DinealfrescoatacafealongtheChamps-Élysées,orhaveapicnicattheLuxembourgGardensoronthelawnsinfrontoftheEiffelTower.Theonlycons:biggercrowdsandhigherpricesonhotelrooms.Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.GreatBarrierReefAustralia’sGreatBarrierReefofferssomeofthemostscenicsnorkelinganddivingontheglobeathotspotslikeOspreyReefandHeronIsland.And,believeitornot,yourtourismdollarscanhelpprotectthisquicklydisappearingnaturalwonder.However,youdon’thavetobeadivertofullyenjoythisregion.SailingontheopenoceanandkickingbackonaWhitsundayIslandsbeachwillnodoubtsatisfyrelaxationseekers.LondonGetdowntoLondontownforyournextsummervacation.SpendyourdaystouringthegroundsofBuckinghamPalaceandadmiringLondon’sgreenspacesfromabovewitharideontheLondonEye.Thoughtemperatureshistoricallysitinthe70sduringthesewarmermonths,heatwavesbringingweatherinthe90saren’tunprecedented(史无前例的).Ifyou’rewillingtodealwithsomeheatandthecrowdstheseasonbrings,youareguaranteedtohaveajollygoodtrip.21.WhatisasuggestedwaytosavemoneyinParis?A.Bookingavacationrental.B.HavingapicnicattheEiffelTower.C.VisitingtheLouvrefirstthinginthemorning.D.DiningalfrescoatacafealongtheChamps-Élysées.22.WhatisonewaythattourismcanhelpprotecttheGreatBarrierReef?A.Bysailingontheopenarea.B.Bypromotingdivingactivities.C.Bycontributingtoprotectionfunds.D.BykickingbackonaWhitsundayIslandsbeach.23.WhatisacommonchallengefacedbytouristsinbothParisandLondonduringthesummer?A.Highhotelprices. B.Extremeheatwaves.C.Crowdedtouristsites. D.Limitedaccesstopopularattractions.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个适合暑假旅游的好去处。【21题详解】细节理解题。文章Paris段最后一句讲到“Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.(你可能想考虑度假租赁来省钱，你应该计划在早上第一件事就是参观卢浮宫等世界著名的景点，以避免大量游客)”可知，在巴黎早上第一件事就是参观卢浮宫能够省钱。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。文章GreatBarrierReef部分讲到“And,believeitornot,yourtourismdollarscanhelpprotectthisquicklydisappearingnaturalwonder.(而且，不管你信不信，你的旅游资金可以帮助保护这个迅速消失的自然奇观)”可知，旅游业可以帮助保护大堡礁的一种方式是向保护基金捐款。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。文章Paris段最后一句讲到“Youmaywanttoconsideravacationrentaltosavemoney,andyoushouldplantovisitworld-renownedattractionsliketheLouvrefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidagreatmanytourists.(你可能想考虑度假租赁来省钱，你应该计划在早上第一件事就是参观卢浮宫等世界著名的景点，以避免大量游客)”以及London部分讲到“Ifyou’rewillingtodealwithsomeheatandthecrowdstheseasonbringsyouareguaranteedtohaveajollygoodtrip.(如果你愿意应对这个季节带来的一些高温和人群，你一定会有一次愉快的旅行)”可知，两个旅游景点都提到了大量的人群。由此可知，在夏季巴黎和伦敦游客面临的共同挑战是拥挤的旅游景点。故选C。BInJuly2020,overtwonightsandthreedays,withmywife,threekidsandanotherfamilyofcampingfriends,weenjoyedviewsofSt.VincentGulfandatimemadeevenmorememorablebyaring.MyfatherhaddiedfourmonthsearlierandIhadbeenwearingagoldringofhisthatwasgiftedtome.Ontheseconddayofourhike,astherestofourgroupsetoffafterlunch,IwaswalkingatthebackwithmywifewhenIlookeddownatmyhandwheremydad’sringusuallywas.Itwasgone.IspentthenextfewminutesandhoursbeingcomfortedbymyfriendsandfamilyandregrettinghowIcouldlosesomethingsopreciousonahikingtrip.Myfriendencouragedmetosearchformyringinmypack,whichIdidwhenwestoppedforadrink.Therewasnoring.WesetupcampandsettledinatKingfisherFlat,themostbeautifulcampsite,sittingbesideaflowingcreek.ThatnightIwenttosleepandeventuallyreconciledthatmyringwasgoneforgood.Finishingthehikethefollowingday,backatMambrayCreek,mymatesaidweshouldhaveonelastlookfortheringatthecampsitebeforesettingoff.Iwentalongwiththeidea,especiallygiventhereweretoiletsnearbyanditwasafour-hourdrivebacktoourhomeontheFleurieuPeninsula.Asweapproachedourcampsiteourfriendsstartedsearchingaroundthegroundsforthering.Iinspectedourfuelgaugecompletely,whilemyeldestdaughterwalkedtothefireringwherewe’dbeenchattingandlaughing.SecondslaterIheardmydaughtersay“I’vefoundit!”Iseriouslycouldnotbelievewhatshe’dsaiduntilshepresentedmewithmydad’sring.Iacceptedthering,huggedmydaughterandtothisdayfindithardtobelievemydad’sringwasfound.ThispreciouschaptermadethetwonightshikingsomethingIwillneverforget.24.Whathappenedaftertheauthorlosinghisfather’sringduringthehike?A.Theauthordecidedtobuyanewring.B.Thegroupdecidedtoendthetripearly.C.Theauthorreceivedcomfortfromfriendsandfamily.D.Theauthorimmediatelyfoundtheringinhissleepingbag.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reconciled”inparagraph4mean?A.Feltangryandfrustrated. B.Arguedaboutthesituation.C.Madepeacewiththesituation. D.Foundasolutiontotheproblem.26.Whydidtheauthoragreetohaveonelastlookfortheringatthecampsite?A.Becausehisfriendsinsistedonsearchingagain.B.Becausehewasstillhopefuloffindingthering.C.Becausehewantedtospendmoretimewithhisfamily.D.Becausethereweretoiletsnearby,makingitaconvenientstop.27.What’sthepurposeofthestory?A.todescribethenaturalbeautyofSt.VincentGulfanditssurroundings.B.topromotethebenefitsoffamilycampingtripsandoutdooractivities.C.toprovideadetailedaccountofhikingtechniquesandoutdoorsurvivaltips.D.tosharetheemotionaljourneyoflosingandfindingacherishedfamilytreasure.【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在徒步旅行中丢失了父亲留下的戒指，最后在营地被女儿意外找回的感人经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“IspentthenextfewminutesandhoursbeingcomfortedbymyfriendsandfamilyandregrettinghowIcouldlosesomethingsopreciousonahikingtrip.(在接下来的几分钟和几个小时里，我的朋友和家人都在安慰我，我后悔怎么会在徒步旅行中丢失这么珍贵的东西)”可知，作者在徒步旅行中丢失父亲的戒指后，得到了朋友和家人的安慰。故选C项。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“ThatnightIwenttosleepandeventuallyreconciledthatmyringwasgoneforgood.(那天晚上，我上床睡觉，并最终reconciled我的戒指永远不见了)”中“eventually”和“myringwasgoneforgood”可推知，作者最终接受了戒指丢失这一事实。划线词reconciled意思是“接受，顺从”，与“Madepeacewiththesituation(接受这个情况)”同义。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Iwentalongwiththeidea,especiallygiventhereweretoiletsnearbyanditwasafour-hourdrivebacktoourhomeontheFleurieuPeninsula.(我接受了这个想法，尤其是考虑到附近有厕所，而且回我们在弗勒里厄半岛的家还要开四个小时的车)”可知，作者同意在营地最后再找一次戒指是因为附近有厕所，可以顺便停一下。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“InJuly2020,overtwonightsandthreedays,withmywife,threekidsandanotherfamilyofcampingfriends,weenjoyedviewsofSt.VincentGulfandatimemadeevenmorememorablebyaring.(2020年7月，在两天三天时间里，我和妻子、三个孩子以及另一家露营的朋友一起欣赏了圣文森特湾的景色，一枚戒指让这段时光变得更加难忘)”和最后一段中“Iacceptedthering,huggedmydaughterandtothisdayfindithardtobelievemydad’sringwasfound.ThispreciouschaptermadethetwonightshikingsomethingIwillneverforget.(我接过戒指，抱了抱女儿，直到今天，我仍然难以相信我找到了父亲的戒指。这段珍贵的经历让我永远忘不了那两晚的徒步旅行)”可知，文章主要目的是分享失去和找回珍贵家庭宝藏的情感旅程。故选D项。CBritain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.TheRatcliffe-on-SoarstationincentralEnglandistofinishitsfinalshiftatmidnight,aftermorethanhalfacenturyofturningcoalintopower.OwnerUnipersaysmanyofthe170remainingemployeeswillstayonduringatwo-yeardecommissioning(停用关闭)process.TheUKgovernmenthailed(赞扬)theclosureasamilestoneineffortstogenerateallofBritain’senergyfromrenewablesourcesby2030.TheshutdownmakesBritainthefirstcountryfromtheGroupofSevenmajoreconomiestophaseoutcoal—thoughsomeotherEuropeannations,includingSwedenandBelgium,gottheresooner.EnergyMinisterMichaelShankssaidtheplant’sclosure“markstheendofaneraandcoalworkerscanberightlyproudoftheirworkpoweringourcountryforover140years.Weowegenerationsadebtofgratitudeasacountry.Theeraofcoalmightbeending,butanewageofgoodenergyjobsforourcountryisjustbeginning.”Theworld’sfirstcoal-firedelectricityplant,EdisonElectricLightStation,openedinLondonin1882.Ratcliffe-on-Soar,whichopenedin1968,isalandmarkwhoseeightconcretecoolingtowersand199-meterchimneyareseenbymillionsofpeopleayearastheydrivepastontheM1highwayorspeedbyontrains.In1990coalprovidedabout80%ofBritain’selectricity.By2012ithadfallento39%,andby2023itstoodatjust1%,accordingtofiguresfromtheNationalGrid.MorethanhalfofBritain’selectricitynowcomesfromrenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolarpower,andtherestfromnaturalgasandnuclearenergy.“Tenyearsagocoalwastheleadingsourceofthiscountry’spower—generatingathirdofourelectricity,”saidDharaVyas,deputychiefexecutiveofEnergyU.K.“So,togettothispointjustadecadelater,withcoal’scontributionreplacedbycleanandlowcarbonsources,isanincredibleachievement.Asweaimforfurtherambitioustargetsintheenergytransition(转变),it’sworthrememberingthatfewbackthenthoughtsuchachangeatsuchapacewaspossible.”28.WhatisthesignificanceoftheclosureofRatcliffe-on-Soarstation?A.ItmarksthebeginningofBritain’senergytransition.B.ItisthefirststeptowardsrenewableenergyintheUK.C.Itshowstheendofcoal-generatedelectricityinBritain.D.ItindicatesthatBritainhasalreadyreacheditsrenewableenergygoals.29.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Thecountryisindebtandneedstorepayitsloanstothepastgenerations.B.Thecountryaskedforgratitudefromfuturegenerationsforitscurrentenergypolicies.C.TheUK’sgratitudetocoalworkersisnowcompletewiththeclosureofthelastcoalplant.D.TheUKacknowledgedthesignificantcontributionsofcoalworkersthroughouttheindustrialhistory.30.WhatdoesDharaVyasmainlyimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Britainshouldhaveaimedformoreambitiousenergytransitiontargetsearlier.B.ThereplacementofcoalbycleansourcesinBritainhappenedfasterthanexpected.C.ThedeclineofcoalasapowersourceinBritainwasaslowandpredictableprocess.D.Despitetheremarkableshifttocleanandlow-carbonenergy,challengesstillremain.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeabesttitleforthetext?A.“TheEconomicImpactofCoalPlantClosuresintheUK”B.“Britain’sCoalLegacy:ACenturyofPowerandProgress”C.“RenewableEnergyTriumph:BritainSaysGoodbyetoCoal”D.“TheFinalCountdown:Britain’sLastCoalPlantClosesItsDoors”【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是英国最后一座燃煤电厂关闭，标志着煤电时代的终结，开启可再生能源新篇章。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据首段的“Britain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.(英国最后一座燃煤电厂将于周一关闭，结束了这个国家142年的燃煤发电历史)”可知，Ratcliffe-on-Soar电站的关闭标志着英国煤电时代的正式结束。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“EnergyMinisterMichaelShankssaidtheplant’sclosure“markstheendofaneraandcoalworkerscanberightlyproudoftheirworkpoweringourcountryforover140years.Weowegenerationsadebtofgratitudeasacountry.(能源部长迈克尔·尚克斯（MichaelShanks）表示，该工厂的关闭“标志着一个时代的结束，煤炭工人可以为他们为我们国家供电140多年的工作感到自豪。”作为一个国家，我们欠几代人一份感激之情)”可知，能源部长迈克尔·尚克斯的声明表明英国政府对煤炭工人在过去140多年中为国家电力供应做出的贡献表示感谢。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段““Tenyearsago,coalwastheleadingsourceofthiscountry’spower—generatingathirdofourelectricity,”saidDharaVyas,deputychiefexecutiveofEnergyU.K.“So,togettothispointjustadecadelater,withcoal’scontributionreplacedbycleanandlowcarbonsources,isanincredibleachievement.Asweaimforfurtherambitioustargetsintheenergytransition(转变),it’sworthrememberingthatfewbackthenthoughtsuchachangeatsuchapacewaspossible.”(“十年前，煤炭是这个国家电力的主要来源，占全国电力的三分之一，”英国能源公司副总裁达拉·维亚斯说，“所以，仅仅十年后，煤炭的贡献被清洁和低碳能源所取代，这是一个令人难以置信的成就。当我们在能源转型中瞄准进一步雄心勃勃的目标时，值得记住的是，当时很少有人认为这样的变化是可能的。”)”可知，英国能源公司副总裁达拉·维亚斯认为，仅仅十年后，煤炭的贡献被清洁和低碳能源所取代，这是一个难以置信的成就，由此可知，本段暗示了过去十年中，英国从依赖煤炭到转向清洁能源的速度之快，超出了许多人的预期。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“Britain’slastcoal-firedpowerplantwillcloseonMonday,ending142yearsofcoal-generatedelectricityinthenationthatsparkedtheIndustrialRevolution.(英国最后一座燃煤电厂将于周一关闭，结束了这个国家142年的燃煤发电历史)”可知，英国最后一个燃煤发电厂关闭，结合下文介绍的这一事件在英国能源转型中的意义可知，本文主要讲述的是英国最后一个燃煤电厂的关闭，所以题目“最后的倒计时：英国最后一家燃煤电厂关闭”与本文讲述的内容吻合，且概括了本文的主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。DCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)maybemorecapableofadaptingtohotterandmoreacidic(酸性的)oceansthanwethought,raisinghopesofpreservingthesebiodiverseecosystems.Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereduetoouremissionsposeatwinthreattotheworld’scoralreefs.Highertemperaturesstresscoralsandthiscanleadtomassbleaching(漂白)anddeath.Inaddition,atmosphericCO2absorbedbytheoceanmakesthewatermoreacidicandweakenscoralskeletons.This,alongwithpollutionandoverfishing,hasalreadycreatedacrisisfortheplanet’sreefs.Tofindoutmoreabouttheextentandspeedatwhichcoralspeciescouldadapt,JuryandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofHawai’icollecteddozensofspecimensofeightdifferentcoralspeciesfromreefsaroundO’ahu,Hawai’i.Theywerethengrowninanoutdoorlabunderfourdifferentconditions:undertoday’sclimate,onewithtemperaturesraisedby2℃butwaterchemistryunchanged,anotherwithtemperaturesheldbutwaterchemistrymademoreacidic,andthelastwithbothtemperatureandwaterchemistrychangedtoproducethewarmer,moreacidicconditions.Thetestlastedaslongassixmonths,but“thecoralsdidsurprisinglywell”,saysJury.Allsawlowergrowthrates-ameasureofcoralhealth-underthemorestressfulconditions.Yetindividualsofallspeciessurvivedthecombinedstressors,withnocleartrade-offbetweentolerancetoheatandacidity.Infact,thereisbuildingevidenceofasignificantpotentialtoadapttochangingoceans.Forinstance,inasecondstudypublishedthismonth,MelissaNaugleatSouthernCrossUniversityinAustraliaandhercolleaguesanalysedheattoleranceofdifferentcoralspeciesontheGreatBarrierReef.Theyfoundunexpectedlylargevariationinheattolerance,evenamongcoralsinthesamepartofthereef,whichcouldbeespeciallyvaluableforeffortstorestorereefsbybreedingmoretolerantcorals.“I’mcautiouslyoptimistic,”saysLisaMcManusattheUniversityofHawai’i,whowasn’tinvolvedwithanyoftheresearch.Butshecautionsthatanyadaptivepotentialstilldependsonhowmuchcoralisleftafterextremeevents.“Inalotofareasaroundtheworld,there’slittlecoralcoverleft.”32.Whatistheeffectofmoreacidicoceansoncoralreefs?A.Massbleaching. B.Weakeningskeletons.C.Overfishingandpollution. D.HighertemperaturesandCO2.33.HowdidJuryandhiscolleaguesconducttheirstudyoncorals?A.Bycollectingfromdifferentoceansglobally.B.Bygrowingunderonlyoneenvironmentalcondition.C.Bytestingwithoutconsideringcoralspeciesdifferences.D.Bycultivatingindifferentconditionswithlocalcoralspecies.34.WhatcanwelearnfromMelissaNaugle’sstudy?A.Somespeciesofcoralsmaybetterhelprestorereefs.B.GreatBarrierReefcorals’heattoleranceisequallyhigh.C.EnvironmentalfactorssolelydecideGreatBarrierReefcorals’heattolerance.D.Heat-tolerancevariationamongGreatBarrierReefcoralsistoominortomatter.35.WhatistheattitudeofLisaMcManustowardsthefutureofcoralreefs?A.Assured,expectingfulladaptationwithoutworries.B.Anxious,fearingtheapproachinglossofcoralreefs.C.Negative,questioningtheadaptabilityofcoralreefs.D.Hopeful,withconcernsaboutpost-extremeeventsurvival.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现珊瑚礁可能比我们想象的更有能力适应更热、更酸的海洋，这增加了保护这些生物多样性生态系统的希望。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inaddition,atmosphericCO2absorbedbytheoceanmakesthewatermoreacidicandweakenscoralskeletons.(此外，海洋吸收大气中的二氧化碳会使海水变得更酸，削弱珊瑚骨骼。)”可知，酸性海洋弱化了珊瑚骨骼。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tofindoutmoreabouttheextentandspeedatwhichcoralspeciescouldadapt,JuryandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofHawai’icollecteddozensofspecimensofeightdifferentcoralspeciesfromreefsaroundO’ahu,Hawai’i.Theywerethengrowninanoutdoorlabunderfourdifferentconditions(为了进一步了解珊瑚物种适应环境的程度和速度，朱尔和他在夏威夷大学的同事们从夏威夷奥胡岛周围的珊瑚礁中收集了数十种不同珊瑚物种的标本。然后在四种不同的条件下在室外实验室中培养它们)”以及下文中介绍的四种不同条件的介绍可知，该实验是通过用当地珊瑚物种在不同条件下对珊瑚进行研究的。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Forinstance,inasecondstudypublishedthismonth,MelissaNaugleatSouthernCrossUniversityinAustraliaandhercolleaguesanalysedheattoleranceofdifferentcoralspeciesontheGreatBarrierReef.Theyfoundunexpectedlylargevariationinheattolerance,evenamongcoralsinthesamepartofthereef,whichcouldbeespeciallyvaluableforeffortstorestorereefsbybreedingmoretolerantcorals.(例如，在本月发表的第二项研究中，澳大利亚南十字星大学的MelissaNaugle和她的同事分析了大堡礁不同珊瑚物种的耐热性。他们意外地发现，即使在珊瑚礁同一部分的珊瑚之间，耐热性也存在很大差异，这对于通过繁殖更耐受性的珊瑚来恢复珊瑚礁的努力尤其有价值。)”可知，MelissaNaugle的研究发现大堡礁珊瑚耐热性存在显著的差异，由此可知，这种差异对于选择能够更好适应未来环境条件的珊瑚种类来进行恢复工作是非常有价值的。故选A项。35题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段““I’mcautiouslyoptimistic,”saysLisaMcManusattheUniversityofHawai’i,whowasn’tinvolvedwithanyoftheresearch.(“我持谨慎乐观的态度，”夏威夷大学的LisaMcManus说，她没有参与任何研究。)”可知，她对珊瑚的适应能力持谨慎乐观的态度，结合下文的“Butshecautionsthatanyadaptivepotentialstilldependsonhowmuchcoralisleftafterextremeevents.“Inalotofareasaroundtheworld,there’slittlecoralcoverleft.”(但她警告说，任何适应潜力仍然取决于极端事件后剩下多少珊瑚。“在世界上很多地区，几乎没有珊瑚覆盖。”)”可知，她也表达了对极端天气事件后珊瑚存活率的担忧，特别是考虑到许多地方的珊瑚覆盖率已经很低，综合以上信息可知，LisaMcManus对珊瑚礁的未来充满希望，但也担心极端事件后珊瑚礁的生存。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LeadershipSecretAmazonhasreachedwhatitsfounderandCEOJeffBezoscalled“aninterestingmilestone.”Theretailinggiantsohighlyassociatedwithbooksandthenmusicandvideo,nowhastensofmillionsofproductsandamajorityarenon-mediagoods,fromdrillstotennisballstoalmostanythingelsethatcanbeshipped.____36____The48-year-oldhasofficia