2024年北京某中学高二（上）期中英语试题及答案

2024北京交大附中高二（上）期中

英语

2024.11

命题人：高二英语组审题人：高二英语组

说明：本试卷共9页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

ReachingImpossibleHeights

Xia,69,reachedthepeakofMountQomolangma,thehighestmountainintheworldonMay14th,

2018.Whafsremarkable,however,isthatXiahasno___1___ofhisown.

XiawaschosenbytheChinesemountaineeringteamin1974andtogetherwithhisteammates,

XiaclimbedMountQomolangmain1975.However,theyweretrappedinasnowstormjust200meters

belowthepeakandwereforcedtogodownthehill.Eventually,nineclimbers___2___thetop,but

Xiasufferedseverefreezingcoldandlostbothhisfeet.

Heheardthenewsofhisteammates9successontheradioashelayinbedinhospitalawaitingthe

operation.6aIwasproudofmyteammates,butIdidn't___3___toimaginemyfutureofsittingina

wheelchair/9hesaid.

Hefelthopelessuntiladoctortoldhimthatonartificiallegs,hecouldlivelifelikeanyoneelse,

andmightevendoquitealotofphysicalexercise.Hesetatarget:hewouldclimbQomolangma.The

visionofthe4cameclosetohim.Itgavehimthecourageandhopeto5.

AlthoughittookXiamorethan40yearstorealizehisdream,hestayedlessthan10minutesatthe

topbecauseofastorm.Facingintothewind,he___6___hisbodytocarryondownthemountain.His

artificiallegshadnofeelinganddidn't7astheyshould.Heusestwiceasmuchenergyasfully-

ablemountaineers.Manytimes,hisfeetgot8incracks（裂缝）intheiceandhisteammates

hadtohelppullhislegsout.

His___9___isbeyondmostpeople'simagination.Whenhewasreportedtohaveconquered（征

月艮）Qomolangma,hereplied,t6ItisQomolangmathat___10me.Naturecannotbeconquered,but

peoplecan."

1.A.earsB.eyesC.legsD.arms

2.A.missedB.reachedC.defendedD.overcame

3.A.dareB.striveC.applyD.commit

4.A.memoryB.recoveryC.operationD.mountain

5.A.takeonB.liveonC.dependonD.passon

6.A.shookB.warnedC.allowedD.forced

7.A.fitB.switchC.preventD.destroy

8.A.lostB.involvedC.dressedD.stuck

9.A.patienceB.independenceC.contributionD.determination

10.A.acceptsB.obsessesC.rejectsD.blames

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词

的空白处括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Asthehumanpopulationexpands,ifsgettingharderforothercreaturestofindsomewhereto

hideduringtheday.Animalsaroundtheworldchoosetobenocturnal(夜间活动的).Butscientists

suspect___11(become)nocturnalmayhurtthosespeciesadaptedtothesun.Theymightnotbe

abletolivewellatnight,___12wouldultimatelyhurttheirchancesofsurvivalandreproduction.

ItwasfoundthatinCalifornia'sSantaCruzMountains,coyotes(丛林狼)hadbeenmorenocturnal

inresponsetohikersandhadstartedtoaltertheirdiet13___daytimepreytonocturnalprey.

B

HuangDanian,therenownedChinesegeophysicist,wasbornin1958inGuangxi,China.Asakeen

andablestudent,HuangwenttotheUKin199214_(further)hisstudies.BythetimeHuang

movedbacktoChinain2009,he15_(work)intheUKfor17years.Hehadagoodjobandalife

there,buthegaveitalluptoreturnhome,16_(drive)bytheideathatheneededtocontribute

tohiscountry.Asoneoftheworld9sleadingexpertsindeepearthexplorationtechnology,Huangwas

approachedtoparticipateintheThousandTalentprogramme.HetookupapositionatJilinUniversity,

Changchun.

C

Manyendangeredspecies___17(threaten)withbecomingextinct.Themaincausefor

animalsandplantsdisappearingisoftenadisruptiontothefoodchainduetohunting,habitatlossor

eventheintroductionofinvasivespecies.Humanscanhave___18(disaster)effectsonfoodchains.

Whenpeoplefirst19___(explore)theworld,theytookanimalandplantspeciesfromtheirhome

countriestotheplacestheysettledin.Nowadaystherearestrictrulescontrollingthemovementof

animalsandplantsbetweencountries.Withrisingawarenessof___20humansaffectthenatural

environment,hopefullywecanlearntoprotectthesefoodchainsandhelpthemtothrive.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

Recyclableitemsarewastematerialsthatcanbeprocessedtomakenewproducts.Therecycled

materialsgothroughanintenseprocessofseparatingthematerialsandconvertingintoreusable

products.AtWasteControl,weofferasuiteofon-site（现场的）andoff-siterecyclingservicestomeet

theneedsofourresidentialandbusinesscustomers.

ON-SITERECYCLINGSERVICES

AttheWasteControlfacility,wehaveDrop-offRecyclingandBuy-backRecyclingCenters.The

drop-offrecyclingcenterisafreeserviceandislocatednexttotheTransferStationBuildingentrance.

YoushouldbringwhatyouwanttorecycletotheBuy-BackRecyclingCenter,whichislocatedonthe

northendofthefacilityandisforcustomerswishingtobereimbursed（报销，偿还）fbrtheir

recyclablematerialsatcurrentmarketrates.

OFF-SITERECYCLINGSERVICES

WealsooffermanyofF-siterecyclingservicestomeetyourneeds.Wemaintainfreedrop-off

recyclingsitesthroughoutthecommunityfbrcommonrecyclablematerialsandresidentialwasteoil

andantifreeze（防冻液）.Wealsoofferoff-siteresidentialroadsiderecyclingandbusinessrecycling

services.

HOURS&DIRECTIONS

HolidayHours:

•TheBusinessOfficeisclosedonallmajorholidays（NewYear'sDay.July4th,MemorialDay,

LaborDay,Thanksgiving,andChristmas）.

•Wastecollectionandroadsiderecyclingservicesareuninterruptedduringholidays,exceptfbr

ChristmasDayandNewYearsDay.IfChristmasDayfallsonaweekday,therewillbenopickup

ontheholidayandallgarbage,andrecyclingserviceswillbemovedonedayforwardfromyour

regularlyscheduledpickupfbrtheremainderoftheweek.Forexample,ifChristmasfallsona

Wednesday,customerswithregularlyscheduledWednesdayservicewillbepickeduponThursday.

MondayandTuesdayfallpriortotheholidayandwillbepickedupasregularlyscheduled.

21.Ifyouwishtobepaidbackfbrtherecyclableitems,youshould.

A.checkthecurrentmarketratesfirst

B.takethemtotheWasteControlfacility

C.putthemintotheroadsiderecyclingsites

D.separatethemfromwasteoilandantifreeze

22.IfChristmasDayfallsonTuesday,customerswithregularlyscheduledTuesdayservicewillbe

pickedupon.

A.TuesdayB.WednesdayC.ThursdayD.Friday

23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Off-siteservicesarenotofferedtocollectbusinessrecyclablematerials.

B.TheBusinessOfficeisopenonJuly4thmorningifitfallsonaweekend.

C.Thedrop-offrecyclingcenterisfarawayfromthebuy-backrecyclingcenter.

D.Thereisnoneedforresidentstopayfordroppingoffrecyclablematerials.

B

WhenMaryMoorebeganherhighschoolin1951,hermothertoldher,"Besureandtakeatyping

coursesowhenthisshowbusinessthingdoesn'tworkout,you'llhavesomethingtorelyon."Mary

respondedintypicalteenagefashion.Fromthatmomenton,“theverylastthingIeverthoughtabout

doingwastakingatypingcourse,"sherecalls.

Theshowbusinessthingworkedout,ofcourse.Inhercareer,Marywonmanyawards.Only

recently,whenshebegantowritehersecondbook,didshefeelsorryforignoringhermom,"Idon't

knowhowtouseacomputer,"sheadmits.

Unlikeher1995autobiography,hersecondbookGrowingUpAgainislessaboutherlifeasan

award-winningactressandmoreasadiabetic.AllthemoneyfromthebookisintendedfortheJuvenile

DiabetesResearchFoundation（青少年糖尿病研究基金会），anorganizationsheservesas

internationalchairman.nIfelttherewasaneedforabooklikethis,"shesays."Ididn'twanttolecture,

butIwantedotherdiabeticstoknowthatthingsgetbetterwhenwe'reself-controlledanddoourpart

inmanagingthedisease."

Butshehasn'talwayspracticedwhatsheteaches.Inherbook,shedescribesthatawfulday,almost

40yearsago,whenshereceivedtwopiecesoflife-changingnews.First,shehadlostthebabyshewas

carrying,andsecond,testsshowedthatshehaddiabetes.Inachildlikeact,sheleftthehospitaland

treatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts.Yearswouldpassbeforesherealizedshehadtogrowup-again

一andtakecontrolofherdiabetes,notletitcontrolher.Onlythendidshekickherthree-pack-a-day

cigarettehabit,overcomeheraddictiontoalcohol,andbegintofollowabalanceddiet.

Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor,

sherefusestofallintoself-pity."Everybodyonearthcanask,'whyme?'aboutsomethingorother,n

sheinsists."Itdoesn'tdoanygood.Nooneisimmunetoheartache,pain,anddisappointments.

Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers.Pvecometorealizetheimportanceofthatas

Pvegrownupthissecondtime.IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe."

24.WhydidMaryfeelregretful?

A.Shedidn'ttakecareofhermother.B.Shedidn'tfollowhermother'sadvice.

C.Shedidn'tachievesuccessinhercareer.D.Shedidn'tuseatypingmachinewhenwriting.

25.WhenMaryreceivedthelife-changingnews,she.

A.lostcontrolofherselfB.beganabalanceddiet

C.decidedtogetatreatmentD.madedoughnutsbyherself

26.Mary'ssecondbookismainlyabouther.

A.serviceforherorganizationB.livingwithdiabetes

C.controllingofdiseaseD.storiesinherjuvenilelife

27.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?

A.Maryfeelspityforherself

B.Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease.

C.Marywantstoserveothersasmuchaspossible.

D.Marydeterminestogobacktothedancingfloor.

C

GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodeal

withourAl-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificial

Intelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmap

addressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution.

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercodethat

powersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslating

theheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthan

asanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,

willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAL

AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemore

capable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof"narrow-AP'toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.From

there,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetoutto

raiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow一severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpected

totakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeing

sidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

CampbelfspointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI一thetechnologycompaniesandworld

leaders一sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweare

ata“tippingpoint"inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.We

needtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedby

globalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

28.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.

B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.

D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

29.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonAI.

B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAL

D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

D

Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelarge

animals.Theysuddenlybecameextinct.Smallerspeciessurvived.Thelarge,slow-growinganimals

wereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.Nowsomethingsimilarcouldbehappening

intheoceans.

Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.WhatresearcherssuchasRansom

MyersandBorisWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.Theyhavelookedathalfa

centuryofdatafromfisheriesaroundtheworld.Theirmethodsdonotattempttoestimatetheactual

biomass（theamountoflivingbiologicalmatter）offishspeciesinparticularpartsoftheocean,but

ratherchangesinthatbiomassovertime.AccordingtotheirlatestpaperpublishedinNature,the

biomassoflargepredators（animalsthatkillandeatotheranimals）inanewfisheryisreducedon

averageby80%within15yearsofthestartofexploitation.Insomelong-fishedareas,ithashalved

againsincethen.

Dr.Wormacknowledgesthatthefiguresareconservative.Onereasonforthisisthatfishing

technologyhasimproved.Today'svessels（船）canfindtheirpreyusingsatellitesandsonar,whichwere

notavailable50yearsago.Thatmeansahigherproportionofwhatisintheseaisbeingcaught,sothe

realdifferencebetweenpresentandpastislikelytobeworsethantheonerecordedbychangesincatch

sizes.Intheearlydays,too,longlines（多钩长线）wouldhavebeenmorefilledwithfish.Some

individualswouldthereforenothavebeencaught,sincenobaitedhooks（带饵钩）wouldhavebeen

availabletotrapthem,leadingtoanunderestimateoffishstocksinthepast.Furthermore,intheearly

daysoflonglinefishing,alotoffishwerelosttosharksaftertheyhadbeenhooked.Thatisnolonger

aproblem,becausetherearefewersharksaroundnow.

Dr.MyersandDr.Wormarguethattheirworkgivesacorrectbaseline,whichfuturemanagement

effortsmusttakeintoaccount.Theybelievethedatasupportanideacurrentamongmarinebiologists,

thatofthe"shiftingbaseline".Theideaisthatpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhich

havehappenedintheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshorttimeintothe

past.Thatmattersbecausetheorysuggeststhatthemaximumsustainableyield（产量）thatcanbe

croppedfromafisherycomeswhenthebiomassofatargetspeciesisabout50%ofitsoriginallevels.

Mostfisheriesarewellbelowthat,whichisabadwaytodobusiness.

31.Theextinctionoflargeprehistoricanimalsisnotedtosuggestthat.

A.largeanimalswereeasilyhurtinthechangingenvironment

B.smallspeciessurvivedaslargeanimalsdisappeared

C.largeseaanimalsmayfacethesamethreattoday

D.slow-growingfishoutlivefast-growingones

32.Bysayingthesefiguresareconservative,Dr.Wormmeansthat.

A.fishingtechnologyhasimprovedrapidly

B.thedatacollectedsofarareoutofdate

C.thecatch-sizesareactuallysmallerthanrecorded

D.themarinebiomasshassufferedagreaterloss

33.Dr.Myersandotherresearchersholdthat.

A.peopleshouldlookforabaselinethatcan'tworkforalongertime

B.fisheriesshouldkeeptheyieldbelow50%ofthebiomass

C.theoceanbiomassshouldrestoreitsoriginallevel

D.peopleshouldadjustthefishingbaselinetochangingsituation

34.Thewriterseemstobemainlyconcernedwithmostfisheries9.

A.biomasslevelB.managementefficiency

C.catch-sizelimitsD.technologicalapplication

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

IsManagingKids9ScreenTimeaGoodIdea?

Screentimeisabigtopicofconversationintoday'shouseholds,particularlyduringthepandemic

whenonlineeducationhourshavemultipliedformanystudents.35Theyhopetosparetheirkids

fromthecountlesschallengesthattechnologycanbring.Yetthechallengesofscreentimeoveruse

seldomcomefromkids'devicesthemselves,butratherfromthetenserelationshipsthattechnology

canbringtofamilies.36Buttechnologyhaspositivebenefitstoo.Sinceeverychildandfamilyis

different,managingscreentimecallsforjointfamilydecision-making.

Ifparentsbelievetheycanmanageachild'sscreentimethroughadolescence,theyarenotonly

foolingthemselvesbutalsoinvitingrelationshiptroublewiththeirteens.Itisamythtothinkthat

parentscanorshouldmanagetheirkids9screentimethroughauthoritarianrestrictions,evenduring

elementaryschool.37Whenchildrenareleftoutofthosedecisions,theyoftenbecomeless

communicativewithparentsandsiblings.Thisistheoppositeofwhatparentswanttoachieve.

38Fromearlyages,childrenarequitecapableofunderstandingthatagoodlifeinvolves

awarenessandbalance.Justastheylearnrightfromwrong,andgoodfrombad,theycanalsolearnto

usetechnologyinhealthyways.Learninghowtoregulateoneselfanddevelophealthybehaviorsis

oneoftheprimarytasksofchildhoodandadolescence.Whathappenswhenanadulttriestoregulate

achildisthatthechildmissesoutontheopportunitytolearnforthemselves.Enforcedrestrictionscan

alsomakechildrenfeelhelplessandlessconfident.

Tobeclear,thisarticleisnotsuggestingthatfamiliesneveruseappsortrackers,orthatthere

shouldbenorestrictionsonscreentime.39Parentsshouldgivevoicetochildrenandinvolvethem

intheplanninganddecision-makingprocess.

A.Ofcourse,therearewebsitesthatareunhealthyforkidstoaccess.

B.Thealternativeistoinvolvechildrenindecisionsthatgovernscreentime.

C.However,everyfamilyneedsafamilymediaplanbetweenfamilymembers.

D.Thegoalistosee,hear,feel,andunderstandhowchildrenviewscreentime.

E.Tomanagechildren'sscreentime,parentshaveinvestedinappsandtrackers.

F.Togetchildreninvolved,parentsshouldtrustanddevelopkids9self-awareness.

G.Whatitissuggestingisthatparentslookatmanagingscreentimeinadifferentway.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节供4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Fashion'sMeltDown

Throwawaycultureistrashingtheplanet-butoneyoungchemicalengineerhasherownwayto

turnitover.

Fastfashionhaschangedthewaywedress.Webuymoreclothes,moreoften—butwewearthem

less.AlinaBassi,founderofKleiderly,wantstogiveourclothingwasteanotherchanceatausefullife.

Bassihasalwayscaredaboutthethreatofclimatechange,butsheactuallystartedhercareerin

theoilindustry.Afterafewyears,shelandedatbio-bean,astartupthatturnedwastecoffeegrounds

intoproductsthatcouldbeburntforheatandfuel.Afterayear,Bassiwaskeentobranchout——used

coffeegroundsarenotthebiggestthreatfacingtheplanet.Instead,shepouredhereffortsintotackling

amuchbiggerglobalpolluter:thefashionindustry.

AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsofclothingperyear,

andthisissettodoubleby2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughtooffset（抵消）thecarboncostof

producingthematerial,creatingtheclothes,andthenshippin