2024秋高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishSectionⅢIntegratingSkillsCulturalCorner学案含解析外研版必修51

PAGE5-Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishSectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCornerⅠ.重点单词1．editionn.(广播、电视节目的)期；版2．cuteadj.逗人宠爱的3．distinctiveadj.别出心裁的4．criticisevt.指责5．standardadj.标准的6．rapidadj.快速的→rapidlyadv.快速地7．announcev．宣布；声明→announcementn．声明；宣告8．addvt.加；增加→additionn．增加；增加物→additionaladj.额外的，附加的9．presentvt.陈述；提出(观点、安排等)10．attemptn．努力；尝试→attemptedadj.未遂的11．simplifyvt.简化→simpleadj.简洁的→simplyadv.简洁地；仅仅；只不过12．combinev．结合；联合；组合→combinationn．组合；结合13．lookn．外观；外表；样子14．referv．参考；查阅；谈及；提到→referencen．参考；查阅Ⅱ.核心短语1．get_used_to习惯于2．so_far迄今为止3．pick_up(偶然)学会；捡起；开车接4．belong_to属于5．in_favour_of同意；支持6．referto...as...称……为……7．thanks_to由于；幸亏，多亏8．graduatefrom...从……毕业9．instead_of代替；而不是10．be_known_for因……而出名 11．aperiodoftime一段时间 12．ontheair正在广播13．makeafussofsb.对某人过分爱惜14．acoupleof几个，两三个15．wearoff渐渐消逝16．alittlebiteasier略微简洁些17．writtenEnglish书面英语 18．astandardreferencebook一本标准的参考书Ⅲ.经典句式1．正如大家所知道的，每周我们都会在本节目中探讨我们现在生活的方式的一个方面。Asyouknow，everyweekonthisprogrammewediscussanaspectofthewaywelivenow.2．由于我懂得当地方言，所以一切都很顺当。I'mgettingonjustfine，nowthatIunderstandthelocalaccent.3．在英语中，单词的拼法并不总是代表其发音。InEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.4．一些单词仅仅是看上去有很多字母。Andsomewordsjustseemtohavetoomanyletters.5．到19世纪50年头，它每年售出100万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校内用书之一。Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear，making_itoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.课文预读TheManWhoMadeSpellingSimpleInEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalways①represent②thesound.Sopeoplesay/raɪt/butspellitright,orwrite,orevenrite.Combinations③ofletters(likeough)maybepronouncedinanumberofways④.Andsomewordsjustseemtohavetoomanyletters.ForAmericansthingsarealittlebit⑤easier,thanksto⑥theworkofNoahWebster,ateacherwhograduatedfrom⑦YaleUniversityin1778⑧.Asayoungman⑨hehadfoughtagainst⑩theBritishintheAmericanWarofIndependence,andhefeltthatwrittenEnglishinthenewlyindependentUnitedStatesshouldhaveadistinctive⑪“American”lookSohebeganhisworkonAmericanEnglish.Hisfirstbook,TheElementarySpellingBook,suggested⑬simplifying⑭thespellingofEnglishwords.Thebookwasextremely⑮popular.Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear,making⑯itoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever⑰.Manyofthesuggestionswerequicklyadopted⑱.Centerinsteadofcentre,programinsteadofprogramme,andflavorinsteadofflavour.Others,however,suchasremovingsilentletters⑲likethesinislandorthefinaleinexamine,werenot.①notalways并不总是，表示部分否定。②representvt.代表；描写③combination/ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn/n.组合；结合④inanumberofways以多种方式⑤alittlebit略微⑥thanksto幸亏，多亏⑦graduatefrom毕业于⑧ateacher是NoahWebster的同位语，who引导定语从句，修饰ateacher。⑨asayoungman年轻时，留意as不要直译为“作为”。⑩fightagainst与……作斗争；为反对……而斗争fightfor为……而斗争⑪distinctive/dɪ'stɪŋktɪv/adj.别出心裁的⑫look/lʊk/n.外观；外表；样子用作复数时，意为“相貌”。⑬suggestdoing...建议做……⑭simplify/'sɪmplɪfaɪ/vt.简化⑮extremelyadv.尤其，特别⑯现在分词短语在此处作结果状语。⑰ever与最高级连用，意为“空前，有史以来”；与比较级连用，意为“曾经，以往任何时候”，用来加强语气。⑱adoptvt.接受，接受；领养留意形似词adapt，意为“使……适应，改编”。⑲silentletters不发音的字母⑳bebestknownfor因……而最闻名原级：bewellknownforeq\o(○,\s\up4(21))which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词AmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage。eq\o(○,\s\up4(22))introducevt.引进eq\o(○,\s\up4(23))pronunciationn．发音pronouncev．发音eq\o(○,\s\up4(24))criticise/'krɪtɪˌsaɪz/vt.指责criticisesb.forsth.因某事指责某人eq\o(○,\s\up4(25))standard/'stændəd/adj.标准的eq\o(○,\s\up4(26))reference/'refərəns/n.参考；查阅areferencebook参考书译文助读让拼法变得简洁的人在英语中，单词的拼法并不总是代表其发音，所以人们读/raɪt/，但把它拼成right，或者write，甚至是rite。字母组合(如ough)可能有多种发音方式。一些单词仅仅是看上去由很多字母组成。对美国人来说，事情(单词拼法)就略微简洁些，这多亏了一位叫诺亚·韦伯斯特的人的工作。他是一位老师，于1778年毕业于耶鲁高校。他年轻时曾在美国独立斗争中与英国人作斗争。他觉得在新独立的美国，书面英语应当有独特的“美国”面貌。因此他起先探讨美式英语。他的第一本书《基础拼法手册》建议简化英语单词的拼法。这本书特别受欢迎。到19世纪50年头，它每年能卖出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的教材之一。书中的很多建议很快被接受了：center替代了centre，program替代了programme，flavor替代了flavour。而另外的一些建议，如去掉像island中不发音的字母s和像examine中词末不发音的字母e，则没有被接受。韦伯斯特的《美式英语词典》为他赚尽了名声，该词典于1828年首次出版。它引进了很多新的美式英语单词，书中有它们的发音和用法，当然，还有新的拼法。英国人指责这本词典，但它很快成了美国的标准参考书。今日，韦伯斯特的词典仍是美国学生的首选词典。课文理解StepⅠFastreadingLookthroughthepassagequicklyanddecideifthestatementsaretrueorfalse.1．WebsterisbestknownforhisTheElementarySpellingBook.(F)2．InEnglishthespellingofwordsalwaysrepresentsthesound.(F)3．InAmericanEnglish，todaytheword“colour”maybewrittenas“color”.(T)4．Today，Webster'sdictionaryisstillthenumberonedictionaryforAmericanandChinesestudents.(F)5．NoahWebstersuggestedsimplifyingthespellingofEnglishwords.(T)StepⅡCarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword“represent”inthefirstparagraph?A．standfor B．presentC．take D．use答案：A2．WhatcanweknowaboutNoahWebsterinthetext?A．HegraduatedfromYaleB．Heonceworkedasalawyer.C．HefoughtagainsttheBritishintheAmericanWarofIndependence.D．HeispopularamongtheBritish.答案：C3．WhichoneisnotthereasonforwritinganAmericandictionary?A．InEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.B．SomeBritishwordshavetoomanyletters.C．WebsterthoughtthenewlyindependentUnitedStatesshouldhaveadistinctive“American”look.D．TheBritishdictionariesarenotgood.答案：D4．WhichisTRUEforAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage?A．Itfirstappearedin1818.B．TheBritishalsolikeitverymuch.C．ItintroducedlotsofnewAmericanwords.D．Itisnotpopularnowadays.答案：CStepⅢAfterreadingInEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.Combinationsoflettersmay__1__(pronounce)inmanyways.Andsomewordsjustseem__2__(have)toomanyletters.Thanks__3__theworkofNoahWebster，ateacher__4__graduatedfromYaleUniversityin1778，thingsarealittlebit__5__(easy)forAmericans.HefeltthatwrittenEnglishinthe__6__(new)independentUnitedStatesshouldhaveadistinctiveAmericanlook.Hisfirstbook，TheElementarySpellingBook，suggested__7__(simplify)thespellingofEnglishwords.Bythe1850s，itwassellingonemillioncopiesayear，__8__(make)itoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.Manyofthesuggestions__9__(adopt).Others，__10__，suchasremovingsilentletterslikesinislandorthefinaleinexamine，werenot.1．be_pronounced2.to_have3.to4.who/that5.easier6．newly7.simplifying8.making9.were_adopted10．however1eq\a\vs4\al(addvt.加；增加；补充说)派生词：additionn．增加，附加additionaladj.额外的，附加的(教材P8)Nowaddsomemoreideasinfavourofyourchosenvariety.现在再增加一些观点来支持你选择的英语种类。[归纳拓展](1)add...to...把……加到……上，在……中加上……addto增加；增加(后一般跟difficulty(困难)，trouble(麻烦)，nervousness(惊慌感)，pleasure(欢乐)等抽象名词)addup把……加起来；累计(强调将事物或数字相加的动作)addupto总计达，总共有(强调相加后的结果，后常跟表示计算结果的数字)(2)inaddition另外，除此之外(在句中作状语)inadditionto除……之外还有(＝aswellas/besides)[品读高考](2024·全国卷Ⅰ)They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.它们是像抱枕、镜子和篮子一样的小色斑，我们大多数人用它们来增加房间的视觉趣味。[经典例句]Willyouaddmoresugartothecoffee?咖啡里你须要再加些糖吗？Everyfailureonemeetswithaddstoone'sexperience.吃一堑，长一智。Headdedupthosenumbersandtheyaddedupto5,050.他把那些数字加起来，它们合计为5050。Youneedmoneyandtime；inaddition，youneeddiligence.你须要钱和时间，此外还须要努力。Inadditiontomyweeklywage，Igotalotoftips.除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到不少小费。[语境串记]Theheadteacherpraisedtheboywhodidsomecleaningoftheclassroom，addingthatwhathedidaddedtothebeautyoftheclass.Inadditiontohisgooddeed，theboyworkedonthelessonsowell.班主任表扬了那个打扫教室的男孩，并补充说他所做的事增加了教室的美。除了他行为很好之外，这个男孩学习也很好。[即学即练]单句语法填空①ThePresidentagreed,adding(add)thathehopedforapeacefulsolution.②Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditional(add)benefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.③Ourcaféoffersacompletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspecials.④Thedictionaryisoutofdate：manywordshave_been_added(add)tothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(presentvt.陈述；提出观点、安排等；呈现；赠送，颁发adj.出席的，在场的后置定语；现在的前置定语n.礼物；目前)(教材P8)Presentyourideastotherestoftheclass.把你的观点陈述给班里的其他同学。[归纳拓展]eq\x(\a\al(presentsth.tosb.向某人提出/陈述某事；把某物赠送/颁发给某人,presentsb.withsth.向某人颁发/赠送某物；把某物呈现给某人,bepresentat出席……,atpresent＝atthepresenttime目前，现在,forthepresent/moment短暂，就目前来说))[品读高考](2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.目前，世界上大约有6800种语言。[经典例句]OnTeachers'Day,mystudentspresentedmewithsomeflowers.＝OnTeachers'Day,mystudentspresentedsomeflowerstome.老师节那一天，我的学生送给我一些花。Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeetingyesterday?昨天出席会议的有多少人？Atpresent,moreandmorepeoplearelivingahappylife.现在，越来越多的人正过着华蜜的生活。I'vegotenoughmoneyforthepresent,butImustgotothebanktomorrow.我的钱短暂还够用，但我明天必需去银行。[语境串记]Thebosswasnotsatisfiedwiththepresentplan，soheaskedtheengineerswhowerepresentatthemeetingtopresentanewoneinaday.老板对当前的安排不满足，所以他要求出席会议的工程师们在一天之内提出一个新的安排。[即学即练]单句语法填空①David'smanagerpresentedhimwiththeawardforbestsalesintheregion.②I'msorryhe'soutatpresent.③Thesuggestionspresented(present)atthemeetingwillbediscussedlater.3eq\a\vs4\al(attemptn.努力；尝试vt.试图，企图；尝试)派生词：attemptedadj.未遂的，企图的(教材P9)CanyouseeanysimilaritiesbetweenWebster'sworkandattemptstosimplifyChinese?你能找出韦伯斯特的工作同简化汉语的尝试之间的相同点吗？[归纳拓展]eq\x(\a\al(attempttodosth.尝试做某事,makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事,atone's/thefirstattempt某人第一次尝试))[品读高考](2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygapwithconversation.因此，可以尝试用对话来填补每一个空白。[经典例句]Shemadeanattempttogetthemonthetelephone,butnobodywashome.她试图与他们取得电话联系，但家里没有人。Hewasasproudasapeacockwhenhepassedhisdrivingtestathis/thefirstattempt.当在第一次尝试中通过驾照考试时，他得意忘形。[易混辨析]attempt/manageattempt表示试图做某事，但不肯定有结果，与try同义，但比try正式manage表示设法胜利做成某事Theyattemptedtoclimbthesteepestpartofthemountain,butfailed.Theydidn'tloseheartandtriedagain.Atlast,theymanagedtogettothetopofthemountain.他们试图从最陡峭的地方爬山，但是失败了。他们没有气馁，又尝试了一次，最终胜利登上了山顶。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hecameacrossthatfloorwavinghisarmslikeayoungbirdattempting(attempt)itsfirstflight.②Bodylanguageisparticularlyimportantwhenweattemptto_communicate(communicate)acrosscultures.③Daletookhismother'sadvice，trieddesperatelyandafterseveralattempts(attempt)finallymadeit.pickup捡起，捡起；无意中学会；接收信号；开车接人；好转；复原(教材P7)IfCallumpickedupthelocalaccenthestartedtouseit.假如卡勒姆学会当地腔调，他就起先运用它。[归纳拓展]pickupspeed加速pickout选择；分辨出pickoff摘掉[品读高考](2024·浙江)Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.万一你遇到从路过的汽车里扔出来的废纸，把它捡起来。[经典例句]WedrovetotheairportthenextmorningtopickupSusan.我们其次天早晨开车去机场接苏姗。It'seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.因为他个子很高，所以很简洁在人群中分辨出他。Don'tpickoffanyoftheseflowers.这些花一朵也不要采摘。[即学即练]写出pickup在句中的含义①Theydependonthegoodwillofvisitorstopickuprubbish.捡起，捡起②HepickedupsomeEnglishwordswhilehewastravellinginEngland.偶然学会(语言、某种技能等)③Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.(用车)接某人④WecanpickupItaliantelevision.收听，收看(节目，电台等)⑤Heisbeginningtopickupaftertheoperation.(身体)好转eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(InEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.,在英语中，单词的拼法并不总是代表其发音。)本句中not与always连用表示部分否定。[归纳拓展]1否定副词not与表示整体或全部意义的词every，everyone，everybody，everything，both，all连用时，不论not在什么位置都表示部分否定，意为“并不都是；不全是”。2若要表示全部否定，则须要用相应的表示全部的否定词。如all→none，both→neither，every→no，everyone→noone，everybody→nobody，everything→nothing。[品读高考](2024·天津)Noteverybodycandothat.不是每个人都能做到。[经典例句]Eventhewisearenotalwaysfreefromerror.智者千虑，必有一失。Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。(部分否定)Neitherofhissistersagreestohissuggestion.他两个姐姐都不同意他的提议。(全部否定)[即学即练]句型转换①Allbirdsdon'tflysouthforthewinter.→Notallbirdsflysouthforthewinter.②Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.→Notbothofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())Bythe1850s,itwassellingonemillioncopiesayear,makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.到十九世纪五十年头，它每年售出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的教材之一。本句中makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever为现在分词短语作结果状语，是由上文的缘由推出的一个必定结果。[归纳拓展](1)现在分词短语作结果状语表示“自然而然、意料之中或顺理成章”的结果，表示结果的现在分词短语通常放在句子的后面，其前常用逗号隔开，分词短语前有时可加上副词thus或therefore(因而，因此)；分词的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语也可以是前面的整个句子，逻辑主语为前面的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。(2)不定式作结果状语通常表示“出乎意料或不开心”的结果，有时为了加强语气，还在其前面加only。[品读高考](2024·江苏)Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,exceedingtheexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.在这期间，大约创建了13500个新的工作，超过市场分析师预期的12000个。[经典例句]Shelefttheroomsohurriedly,leavingthelightsonforthewholenight.她离开房间时太匆忙了，结果忘了关灯而让灯亮了整整一个晚上。Thecarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.这辆车遇到了交通堵塞，因此晚点了。Ihurriedthere,onlytofindthatallofthemhadgone.我匆忙赶到那里，结果发觉他们都走了。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thehospitalhasrecentlyintroducednewmedicalequipment,allowing(allow)morepatientstobetreated.②Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.③Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlyto_find(find)itdidn'tfit.Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Thelittlegirlissocutethateveryonelikesher.2．Trytosimplifyyourexplanationforthechildrenasitisdifficultforthemtounderstandit.3．Hecriticisedmeforfailingtocompletetheworkontime.4．Fromthelookonhisface，weknowbadnewsiscoming.5．Allthepeoplepresentwereallquitesatisfiedwithhisperformance.6．Theannouncement(声明)wasbroadcastonbothradioandtelevision.7．Ifyouspeakstandard(标准的)English，youcanmakeyourselfunderstoodwhetherinBritainorintheUnitedStates.8．Hecarriedonthebusinessincombination(联合)with