高二 人教版选择性必修三 英语 第三单元《Lesson 3 Discovering Useful Structures》课件

高二—人教版选择性必修三—英语—第三单元

EnvironmentalProtectionLesson3DiscoveringUsefulStructuresWhatdidSianasay?DirectspeechIndirectspeechDirectspeechWhatdidyousay?IknowitIsaidIknewit.IndirectspeechObserve:

howtochange?1Theexpertsaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.2Thereporteraskedwhetherpolarbearswoulddieoutbecauseofclimatechange.3Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.4Theexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechange.1Theexpertsaid,“Fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.”2Thereporterasked,“Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?”3Thereporterasked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?”4“Let’sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.DirectspeechIndirectspeech◆特殊疑问句：objectiveclause◆祈使句：verb+infinitive◆Noquotationmarks“”◆一般疑问句：if/whetherUsepasttenseWhatdid

he/she

say?DoctorTimThedoctorsaidthatTimneededmoreexercise.Timsaidthathewasdrinkingasfastashecould.1. 变化——人称,时态,部分词(状语/代词),句式&语序

2.句式变化陈述句特殊疑问句一般疑问句祈使句Howtochangeasentencefromdirectspeechtoindirectspeech?人称变化Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthat____likedtennis.DengTaosaidtoLily,“howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedLilyhow_______wasthen.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethat_____wantedtohelphim.shehersisterthey句型转换（1）“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening,

Tom.”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat

wouldgoandsee

againthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat

waswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier?”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether

wasasoldier.（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”→HeaskedJohnwhere

wasgoingtogetoff.sheIhimIhe

直接引语一般现在时do/does一般将来时willdo现在进行时am…doing现在完成时havedone一般过去时did过去完成时haddone

间接引语一般过去时did过去将来时woulddo过去进行时was/weredoing过去完成时haddone过去完成时haddone过去完成时haddone时态变化e.g.“Idon’tknowthat,”hesaid.Hesaidthathedidn’tknowthat.（1）Theteachersaid，“YouaredoingOK.”→Theteachersaidthat

doingOK.（2）Hesaid，“Ihavewrittenanovel.”→Hesaidthat

anovel.（3）Hesaid，“Shewillcomeheretohavealongholiday.”→Hesaidthat

gotheretohavealongholiday.wewerehehadwrittenshewould(4)Theteachersaid,

“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”→Theteachersaidthatwherethere

awill,

there

away.(5)Janesaid,“Mary，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouonthebus?”→JaneaskedMarywhere

whenshemetheronthebus.shewasgoing is

is

时态变化1.Shesaid,

“Ihopeyouareright.”

Shesaid(that)

shehopedIwasright.2.Tomsaid,“I’llcallyoulater.”

Tomsaidthathe

wouldcallyouthen.3.Hesaid,

“Iamhavingsupper.”

→Hesaidthathe

washavingsupper.

4.Thedesignersaid,

“Wehavebegunourproject.”

→Thedesignersaidthatthey

hadbeguntheirproject.

5.Hesaid,“Ifailedtheexam.”

→Hesaidthathe

hadfailedtheexam.

注意：以下几种情况时态不变①直接引语是客观真理。

The

teachersaid"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→

The

teacher

said

(that)

the

earth

moves

around

the

sun

earth.

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。LeiMiao

said

“I

was

born

on

December

11,

1999.”→LeiMiaosaid

she

was

born

on

December

11,

1999.

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。YangLong

said

“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme.”→YangLongsaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：

WenHui

said,

“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning。”

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式,时态不再变（例：could,

should,

would,

might） Thedoctorsaidtome,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

→ThedoctortoldmethatIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

或已经是过去时的形式时，时态不再变。（例：oughtto;hadbetterusedto）DangRan

saidtome.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→She

said

(that)she

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.→DangRan

said

tome(that)

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语地点状语方向性动词情态动词

now,

then,

today,

thatday,thisweek

thatweekyesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek

theweekbefore

fourdaysago

fourdaysbefore

thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore

tomorrow

thenext/followingdaynextmonth

thenext/followingmonthhere

therecome,

go,bringtake

can,may,must

could,might,hadto

部分词的变化tonightthatnightlaterthen如果就在当天转述,tomorrow,yesterday,tomorrow不变如果在当地转述,here不必改为therecome不必改为go（1）“Iwillcomeandhelpyoutomorrow，John，”shesaid.→ShetoldJohnthatshewould

andhelphim________________.

（2）“I’llcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tim，”hesaid.→HetoldTimthathewouldgoandseehimagain

.（3）MrHarryasked，“John，haveyoupassedtheexamyesterday?”→MrHarryaskedJohnwhetherhehadpassedtheexam_________.（4）Theoldmansaid，“Iliketotalkwiththeseyoungmen.”→Theoldmansaidthathelikedtotalkwith

youngmen.（5）Shesaidtome，“Ilivedherefiveyearsago.”→Shetoldmeshehadlived

fiveyears

.thenextdaythateveningthedaybeforethosetherego

beforeBossTimWhatdid

he/she

say?ThebosssaidthatshehadtoldTimnoraisethedaybefore.Timrepliedthathewouldtryagainthenextdaywhenshe

wasinabettermood.Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereforthreedays.”Hesaidthat____sister_______________threedays.hishadbeentherefor语序变化直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。一般疑问句→由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask,wonder,wanttoknow等。e.gMotheraskedme,“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?”→Motheraskedmewhether/ifIhadfinishedmyhomework.选择疑问句→由whether...or引导的宾语从句。e.g“AreyougoingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays?”sheasked.→SheaskedmewhetherIwas

goingtoBeijingorShanghaifortheholidays.反意疑问句→由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。e.g“Youdon’tlikerockmusic,doyou?”hesaid.→Heaskedmewhether/ifIlikedrockmusic.特殊疑问句→由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。e.g.“Howmanysleepingpillshaveyoutaken?”askedthenurse.→ThenurseaskedmehowmanysleepingpillsIhad

taken.Theteacherasked,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”→TheteacheraskedmewhereIhadbeen.（1）Hesaid，“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldme

he

hisbookinmyroom.（2）Shesaid，“DoyoulikewatchingtheadvertisementsonTV?”→Sheaskedme

I

watchingtheadvertisementsonTV.（3）“Wheredidyoufindtheadsforjobsabroad?”Billasked.→Billasked

theadsforjobsabroad.that

whether

whereIhadfoundlikedhadleft表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语： suggest+doing

advise+sb+todoe.g.“Whataboutstartingearlytomorrowmorning?”Jacksaid.→Jack__________________earlytomorrowmorning.“Whydon’tyoutaketherestofthedayoff?”askedmyassistant.→Myassistant__________________therestofthedayoff.suggested

starting

advised

metotake祈使句→动词+宾语+不定式。常见引述动词有tell,order,ask,warn。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。e.g.HesaidtoAnn,“Tellmeyourproblem.”→HetoldAnntotellhimherproblem.“Becarefulwiththedog,boys,”shesaid.→Shewarnedtheboystobecarefulwiththedog.“Don’tworkinbed,Tom,”shesaid.→ShetoldTomnottoworkinbed.（4）“Whatareyoudoingnow?”Momasked.→Momasked

then.（5）Hesaid，“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.” →He

again

.（6）Hesaid，“Don’tmakesomuchnoise，boys.”→Hetoldtheboys

somuchnoise.whatIwasdoingaskedmetogothere

nottomake thenextdayP29,

exx.

2Herearesomestatementsandquestionsbychildrenwhoattendedscientificlectures.Guesswhotheyweretalkingtoandthenchangethesentencesintoindirectspeech.NameStatements/QuestionsDianeDianeaskedwhathadmadeHurricaneKatrinaunusual.Diane

askedif/whetherithadbeentheworstnaturaldisasterinAmericanhistory.NameStatements/QuestionsMarthaMarthasaid/toldmethatshewantedtobecomeascientistandhelptheworld.Marthasaid/toldmethatshewasdoingaprojectonbehalfofherschoolaboutglobalwarming.BobBobasked

why

nuclearpowerwassuchasensitivetopic.Bobaskedif/whethertheycouldexplainhowthenucleardisasterhadhappened.NameStatements/QuestionsLauraLauraaskedhowmanyanimalshaddisappearedbecauseofhumanhunting.Lauraaskedwhatwecoulddotohelpwildanimals.VincentVincentsaid/toldmethathehadneverbeentotheAmazonJungle.Vincentaskedif/whetherscientistswoulddiscovernewspeciesthere.句式——祈使句Sbask/…＋sb(not)todoThemothersaidtotheboys,“Bequiet.”

Mrs.Greensaid,“Kim,pleasebringmeacupoftea.”

Theteachersaid,“Don’tmakeanynoise.”

Mrs.GreenaskedKimbringheracupoftea.Themotheraskedtheboystobequiet.Theteacheraskedmenottomakeanynoise.order/tell/advise/…句式——祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”

Isuggestedthattheyshouldstartatonce.Iadvisedhimtostartatonce.Isuggestedstartingatonce.Whatdid

he/she

say?JohnsaidthathewantedtoshareeverythingwithMary.JohnMaryMaryadvisedhimtostartfromhisbankaccount.Marysuggestedstartingfrom

hisbankaccount.Marysuggestedthatthey(should)startfromhisbankaccount.句式——祈使句Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”

Hesaidthathowhappyhewas.Hesaid/exclaimedthathewaseveryhappy.Sbask/order/advise/tell…＋sbtodo直接引语间接引语Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”Let’s开头的祈使句:Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”感叹句:Hesaid:“HowhappyIam!”Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.Isuggestedstarting…Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.Heexclaimedthathe…句式——祈使句Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.句式——陈述句①Hesaid,

“Iwascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.”→Hesaid(that)hewascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.②Shesaidtome,“Icamebackanhourago.”→Shetoldme(that)shehadcomebackanhourbefore.Sbsaid/told+that+陈述句…Sb

asked+if/whether＋

陈述句

Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”→He___________________________interestedinEnglish.“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven’tyou?”mymotherasked.→Mymother_________________________________thehomework.“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”heasked.Sheasked,“Isthisbookhis?”句式——一般疑问句asked(me)if/whetherIwasaskedmewhether/ifIhadfinished→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.→Sheaskedwhetherthatbookwashis.Sbasked＋_________＋陈述句“What'syourname?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme__________________________.Themotherasked,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”→Themotherasked____________________________.“What’sthematter?”heasked.句式——特殊疑问句whatmynamewaswhentheyhadtheirdinner→Heaskedwhatwasthematter.特殊疑问词陈述句语序!Summary：一改人称；二改时态；三改部分词；四改句式1.陈述句Sbsaid/told+

+陈述句…2.一般疑问句Sb

asked+

＋

陈述句thatif/whether3.特殊疑问句：Sbasked＋_____________＋陈述句特殊疑问词4.祈使句：Sbasked/told/..+sb_____________todo高一—人教版选择性必修三—英语—Unit3

EnvironmentalProtectionLesson3DiscoveringUsefulStructures答疑Ⅰ.LearningaboutthelanguageForsomeoneelse,assomeone'sagentorrepresentative.

theChinesegovernmentandpeople,andinhisownname,PresidentXiexpresseddeepcondolencesoverthedeaths,andextendedsinceresympathiestothebereavedfamiliesaftertheplanecrash.Onbehalfofc.f.onbehalfof,standfor,representonbehalfofstandforrepresentprepositionalphr