商务英语阅读模拟试题

商务英语阅读模拟试题Ⅰ.Match(2*10/4*5)Choosethecorrectwordorwordsfromtheboxtocompletethefollowingsentences:A.Internettechnologiesdiscountinternationaltradestudyaccountingpoliciesmodernizationprofitrawmaterialjobs.marketingconcept1.Marketingisaboutmeetingconsumerneedsata___.2.Thefinancingof______ismorecomplexthanthatofdomestictrade.3.Sellingsomethingatareducedpriceiscalledgivinga___.4.Chinaisnowatthestageofdevelopmentofbuildingawell-offsocietyandacceratingsocialist___.5.Themanagementofthecompanyhavenotyetdecidedontheir___.6.Implementationofthe___beginsandendswiththeinformationaboutcustomers.7.Theyexpecttocreate1,450___worldwidebytheendofnextyear.8.Therisein___pricesisexpectedtobebetween3.5%and4.5%thisyear.9.Economicsisthe___ofhowwealthiscreatedanddistributed.10.E-bisinessisabouttransformingbusinessprocessesandintegratingthemwith___.Key:1.profit2.internationaltrade3.discount4.modernization5.accountingpolicies6.marketingconcept7.jobs8.rawmaterial9.study10.Internettechnologies.B.CooperativerelationshipregionmarketmiddleclasscompetitiveforcecommunitymarketTheAsia/Pacificeconomyisapowerhousewaitingtohappen.Inspiteofeconomicproblemsinthe1990s,theeconomiesoftheAsia/Pacific___willbestrongerinthefirstdecadeof21stcentury.Chinaalone,withits1.2billionpeople,offersatremendous___forothernations’exports.TransnationalcompanieswillcontinuetolocateinChinaforapotentiallygrowing___thatprosperitywillbringandtotakeadvantageofthelargeworkforce.TheAsia/Pacificcommunity,ina___,willbecomeagreatmarketfortheworld’sgoodsandservicesaswellasfosteritsownexportbusinessasasignificantpercentageofeachmembercountry’sgrossdomesticproduct.Thisregionwillbehighly___inthiscenturyKey:1.region2.communitymarket3.middleclass4..Cooperativerelationship5.competitiveforceC.RejuvenatingleadimprovespeedinguppersistinsubordinatedtoInleadingthecauseofsocialism,theCommunistPartyofChinamust___takingeconomicdevelopmentasthecentraltask,makingallotherwork___andservethiscentraltask.Wemustlosenotimein___economicdevelopment,implementthestrategyof___thecountrythroughscienceandeducationandoutofsustainabledevelopment,givefullplaytotheroleofscienceandtechnologyastheprimaryproductiveforce.Wemusttakeadvantageoftheadvancementofscienceandtechnologyto___thequalityofworkersandworkhardtopushforwardtheeconomywithgoodresults,highqualityandhighspeed.Key:1.persistin2.speedingup3.improve4.subordinatedto5.rejuvenatingD.productmangerslabourforcefallprofitsalesbenefitsstructureaccountculture1.marketingisconcernedwithgettingtheright___totherightplaceattherighttime.2.Carryingoutthebusinessofsuchahugecompanyrequires___.3.Whenabusinesspaysallitscostsandtaxes,anymoneyleftis___.4.Aninstitution’spurpose,mission,andstrategyaffectits___.5.Canyoucheckthatthefigureshavebeenenteredcorrectlyinthe___?6.Therewasadramatic___insalestotheU.S.A.between1997and2000.7.Top___setpolicies,formulatestrategies,policesanddecisions.8.Thegrowthin___hasledtoariseof30%inprofits.9.Threeaspectsoforganizationalstructureareespeciallyimportantindeterminating___.10.Compensationprogrammesincludewagesandsalaries,incentives,and___forworders.Key:1.Product2.labourforce3.profit4.structure5.account6.fall7.mangers8.sales9.culture10.benifitsⅡ.Readthefollowingpassagesandchoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.2*10=20pointsPassage1 Greece,economically,isintheblack.Withverylittletoexportotherthansuchfarmproductsastobacco,cottonandfruit,thecountryearnsenoughfrom‘invisibleearnings’topayforitsneeded,growingimports.FromthesendingoutofthingstheGreeks,earnonly$285million;fromtourism,shippingandtheremittancesofGreeksabroad,thecountrytakesinanadditional#375millionandthiswashesoutthealmost$400millionbywhichimportsexceedexports. Ithasabalancedbudget.Althoughmorethanonedrachmaoutoffourgoesfordefense,thegovernmentendedarecentyearwithaslightsurplus--$66million.Greecehasadecentreserveofalmostathirdofabilliondollarsingoldandforeignexchange.Ithasagovernmentnotdependentoncoalescingincompatiblepartiestoobtainparliamentarymajorities. Inthussummarizingafewhappyhighlights,Idon’tmeantominimizethevastextentofGreece’sproblems.ItisthepoorestcountrybyawidemargininFreeEurope,andpovertyiswidespread.Atbestanannualincomeof$60to$70isthelotofmanyapeasant,andsubstantialunemploymentplaguesthecountryside,cities,andtownsofGreece.Therearefewnaturalresourcesonwhichtobuildanysubstantialindustrialbase.SomeyearsagoIwrotehere: “GreekstatesmanshipwillhavetocreateanatmosphereinwhichhomeandforeignsavingswillwillinglyseekinvestmentopportunitiesinthebackwardeconomyofGreece.Sofar,mostAmericanandotherforeignattempthaveboggeddownintheGreekgovernment’sredtapeandshrewdnessaboutsmallpoints.” Greatstrideshavebeenmade.Asfarbackas1956,expandingtourismseemedalogicalwaytobringneededforeigncurrenciesandadditionaljobstoGreece.AtthattimeItalkedwiththeHiltonHotelpeople,whohadbeenexamininghotelpossibilities,andtotheGreekgovernmentdivisionresponsibleforthisareaoftheeconomy.Theywerehopelesslydeadlockedinalmosttotaldifferencesofopinionandoutlook. Todaymostoftheincrediblyvaried,beautiful,historicalsightsofGreecehavenew,ifinmanycasesmodest,touristfacilities.Tourismitselfhasjumpedfromapproximately$31milliontoover$90million.ThereisbothamagnificentnewHiltonHotelinAthensandacompletelymodernized,greatlyexpandedGrandeBretagne,aswellasotherfirst-ratenewhotels.AndtheadventofjetshasmadeAthensasaccessibleasParisorRome–withoutthesky-highpricesoftraffic-chokedstreetsofeither.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis

[A]Greekincomeandexpenditures.

[B]TheimprovingeconomicsituationinGreece.

[C]Thevalueoftourism.

[D]Militaryexpenditures.Manypeasantsearnlessthan

[A]$60aweek.

[B]$2aweek.

[C]$1aday.

[D]$10amonth.TheGreekGovernmentspends

[A]morethan25%ofitsbudgetonmilitaryterms.

[B]Morethanitscollects.

[C]Athirdofabilliondollarsingold.

[D]Lessthan25%ofitsbudgetonmilitaryterms.Accordingtothepassage,Greecehas

[A]adictatorship.

[B]amonarchy.

[C]asinglemajorityparty.

[D]toomuchredtape.Greeceimportsannuallygoodsandmaterials

[A]totalingalmost$700million.

[B]thatbalanceexports.

[C]thatarepaidbytourists.

[D]costing$66million.BBACAPassage2 Federaleffortstoaidminoritybusinessesbeganinthe1960’swhentheSmallBusinessAdministration(SBA)beganmakingfederallyguaranteedloansandgovernment-sponsoredmanagementandtechnicalassistanceavailabletominoritybusinessenterprises.Whilethisprogramenabledmanyminorityentrepreneurstoformnewbusinesses,theresultsweredisappointing,sincemanagerialinexperience,unfavorablelocations,andcapitalshortagesledtohighfailurerates.Even15yearsaftertheprogramwasimplemented,minoritybusinessreceiptswerenotquitetwopercentofthenationaleconomy’stotalreceipts. Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproachintendedtoacceleratedevelopmentoftheminoritybusinesssectorbymovingawayfromdirectlyaidingsmallminorityenterprisesandtowardsupportinglarge,growth-orientedminorityfirmsthroughintermediarycompanies.Inthisapproach,largecorporationsparticipateinthedevelopmentofsuccessfulandstableminoritybusinessesbymakinguseofgovernment-sponsoredventurecapital.ThecapitalisusedbyaparticipatingcompanytoestablishaMinorityEnterpriseSmallBusinessesthathavepotentialtobecomefuturesuppliersofcustomersofthesponsoringcompany. MESBIC’saretheresultofthebeliefthatprovidingestablishedfirmswitheasieraccesstorelevantmanagementtechniquesandmorejob-specificexperience,aswellassubstantialamountsofcapital,givesthosefirmsagreateropportunitytodevelopsoundbusinessfoundationsthandoessimplymakinggeneralmanagementexperienceandsmallamountsofcapitalavailable.Further,sincepotentialmarketsfortheminoritybusinessesalreadyexistthroughthesponsoringcompanies,theminoritybusinessesfaceconsiderablylessriskintermsoflocationandmarketfluctuation.Followingearlyfinancialandoperatingproblems,sponsoringcorporationsbegantocapitalizeMESBIC’sfarabovethelegalminimumof$500,000inordertogeneratesufficientincomeandtosustainthequalityofmanagementneeded.MESBIC’sarenowemergingasincreasinglyimportantfinancingsourcesforminorityenterprises. Ironically,MESBICstaffs,whichusuallyconsistofHispanicandBlackprofessionals,tendtoapproachinvestmentsinminorityfirmsmorepragmaticallythandomanyMESBICdirectors,whoareusuallyseniormanagersfromsponsoringcorporations.Thelatteroftenstillthinkmainlyintermsofthe‘socialresponsibilityapproach’andthusseemtopreferdealsthatareriskierandlessattractivethannormalinvestmentcriteriawouldwarrant.Suchdifferencesinviewpointhaveproduceduneasinessamongmanyminoritystaffmembers,whofeelthatminorityentrepreneursandbusinessesshouldbejudgedbyestablishedbusinessconsiderations.ThesestaffmembersbelievetheirpointofviewisclosertotheoriginalphilosophyofMESBIC’sandtheyareconcernedthat,unlessamoreprudentcourseiffollowed,MESBICdirectorsmayreverttopolicieslikelytore-createthedisappointingresultsoftheoriginalSBAapproach.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?

[A]TheuseofMESBIC’sforaidingminorityentrepreneursseemstohavegreaterpotentialforsuccessthandoestheoriginalSBAapproach.

[B]ThereisacrucialdifferenceinpointofviewbetweenthestaffanddirectorsofsomeMESBIC’s.

[C]Afterinitialproblemswithmanagementandmarketing,minoritybusinesseshavebeguntoexpandatasteadyrate.

[D]Minorityentrepreneurswishingtoformnewbusinessesnowhaveseveralequallysuccessfulfederalprogramsonwhichtorely.Accordingtothepassage,theMESBICapproachdiffersfromtheSBAapproachinthatMESBIC’s

[A]seekfederalcontractstoprovidemarketforminoritybusinesses.

[B]Encourageminoritybusinessestoprovidemarketsforotherminoritybusinesses.

[C]Attempttomaintainaspecifiedrateofgrowthintheminoritybusinesssector.

[D]Relyontheparticipationoflargecorporationstofinanceminoritybusinesses.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSBAprogramcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Themaximumtermforloansmadetorecipientbusinesseswas15years.

[B]Businessloanswereconsideredtobemoreusefultorecipientbusinessesthanwasmanagementandtechnicalassistance.

[C]Theanticipatedfailurerateforrecipientbusinesseswassignificantlylowerthantheratethatactuallyresulted.

[D]Recipientbusinesseswereencouragedtorelocatetoareasmorefavorableforbusinessdevelopment.Theauthorreferstothe‘financialandoperatingproblems’encounteredbyMESBIC’sprimarilyinorderto

[A]broadenthescopeofthediscussiontoincludethelegalconsiderationsoffundingMESBIC’sthroughsponsoringcompanies.

[B]callattentiontothefactthatMESBIC’smustreceiveadequatefundinginordertofunctioneffectively.

[C]showthatsponsoringcompanieswerewillingtoinvestonly$500,000ofgovernment-sponsoredventurecapitalintheoriginalMESBIC’s.

[D]CompareSBAandMESBIClimitsonminimumfunding.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheattitudeofsomeMESBICstaffmembertowardtheinvestmentspreferredbysomeMESBICdirectorscanbebestdescribedas

[A]disappointing.

[B]Indifferent.

[C]Shocked.

[D]Defensive.ADCBAPassage1Wheneveryouseeanoldfilm,evenonemadeaslittleastenyearsago,youcannothelpbeingstruckbytheappearanceofthewomentakingpart.Theirhair-stylesandmake-uplookdated;theirskirtslookeithertoolongortooshort;theirgeneralappearanceis,infact,slightlyludicrous.Thementakingpartinthefilm,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabouttheirappearancetosuggestthattheybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.Thisillusioniscreatedbychangingfashions.Overtheyear,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedallattemptstomakethemchangetheirstyleofdress.Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.Eachyearafewso-calledtopdesignersinParisorLondonlaydownthelawandwomenthewholeworldoverrushtoobey.Thedecreesofthedesignersareunpredictableanddictatorial.Thisyear,theydecideintheirarbitraryfashion,skirtswillbeshortandwaistswillbehigh;zipsareinandbuttonsareout.Nextyearthelawisreversedandfarfromtakingexception,nooneisevenmildlysurprised.Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryear,theyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheyshudderatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyareannuallyblack-mailedbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clothes,whichhavebeenworn,onlyafewtimeshavetobediscardedbecauseofthedictatesoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomeniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethanthedeliberatecreationofwaste.Manywomensquandervastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Women,whocannotaffordtodiscardclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Hem-limesaretakenuporletdown;waist-linesaretakeninorletout;neck-linesareloweredorraised,andsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,providingtheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn’tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshiveringinaflimsydressonawintryday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowindaintyshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen’sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofficklenessandinstability?Menaretoosensibletoletthemselvesbebulliedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?Thatisforyoutodecide.Themainideaofthispassageis[A].Newfashionsinclothesreflectthequalitiesofwomen.[B].Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedsolelyforcommercialexploitationofwomen.[C].Thetopdesignersseemtohavetherighttocreatingnewfashion.[D].Menhavethebasicqualityofreliability.Whydothegeneralappearanceofactresseslookludicrous?[A].Becausetheywanttheirappearanceinthefashion.[B].Becausethetopdesignerswantthemtofollowthefashion.[C].Becausethetopdesignerswantthemtomakefashion.[D].Becausethetopdesignerswantthemtoleadthefashion.Whyarewomenmercilesslyexploitedbythefashiondesigners?[A].Theylovenewfashion.[B].Theylovenewclothes.[C].Theywanttolookbeautiful.[D].Theyaretoovain.Whatarefashiondesignersinterestedin?[A].Outwardappearance.[B].Comfort.[C].Beauty.[D].Durability.BDDAPassage2Thesmugglerinmanywaysisjustanotherinternationalbusinessmanandhisturnoverwoulddocredittomanyinternationalcorporations.Hisbusinesshappenstobeillegalandrisky,butlookatthestakesinvolved:$5billionworthofheroinsmuggledintotheUnitedStateseachyear,and$1.5billioningoldpassingannuallyalongsmugglingpipelinestoIndiaandIndonesia,toFranceandMorocco,toBrazilandTurkey.PerhapshalfofallthewatchesmadeinSwitzerlandreachtheireventualwearersbysomebackdoor.Mostofthisillicittradeiscarriedonwithalltheefficiencyofanymultinationalcompany.Entirelylegitimatebusinesses,suchasatravelbureauoranimport-exportagency,arealsooftenfrontsforsmugglingorganizations.Oneoftheworld’slargestgoldsmugglersalsoownedandoperatedthefranchiseforaleadingmakeofBritishcarsinasmallMiddleEasterncountry.Hemadeagoodprofitfrombothactivities.Asmugglingsyndicateoperatesmuchlikeanyotherbusiness.Thebossisreallyachiefexecutive.Hemakesalltheplans,establishesinternationalcontacts,andthinksupthesmugglingroutesandmethodbutremainsalooffromactualoperations.Heisaidedbyahandfulofmanagerslookingaftersuchspecialtiesasfinancing,travel(onereasonwhymanysmugglingsyndicatesfindithandytohavetheirowntravelagency),thebribingofairlineorcustomsofficials,andrecruitmentofcouriers,ormulesastheyarecalled.Theremayalsobesomeoneinchargeoflocalarrangementsinthecountriestowhichthesmuggledgoodsisgoing.Anothersimilaritybetweenlegitimatebusinessanditsillegalcounterpartispricefluctuation.Justasthepricesofproductstradedlegallyvarywithqualityandmarketconditionssuchassupplyanddemand,sodothepricesofgoodsgoupanddowninthesmugglingtrade.Considerthepriceofdrugs.Heroinandcannabis,inwhateverformorbywhatevername,coneinseveralgrades,eachwithagoingprice.Thewholesalepriceatwhichbigdealersselltobigdealersislessthanthestreetprice.Whentheauthoritiesaresuccessfulinreducingthesupplybuyseizures,thepriceofallgradesrises.Themainideaforthispassageis[A].TheComparisonbetweenLegitimateBusinessandItsIllegalCounterpart.[B].ThesimilaritiesbetweenLegitimateBusinessandSmuggling.[C].SmugglersMayMakeGreatProfitfromBothActivities.[D].TheBossinSmugglingSyndicateisaChiefExecutive.Whenisthepricegoingdown?[A].Thequalityofthefoodsandmarketconditionarenotverywell.[B].Thequalityofgoodsandmarketconditionvary.[C].Unbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.[D].Thepriceofothergoodsfluctuates.Itcanbeinferredthatasmuggler[A].maymakeplanandestablishinternationalcontacts.[B].isarealboss.[C].maymakemoneyindifferentways.[D].maysellothergoods.Oneofthebestwayssmugglersusuallytakeis[A].tosetupmultinationalcompanies.[B].toengageinillegalbusinessesonly.[C].tomakelegitimatebusinessesasfrontsforsmugglingorganizations.[D].tomakegoodprofitsfrombothactivities.BADCPassage1Theincreaseinthemarginratefrom50%to70%wasnotanattempttostemanyrampantspeculationonthepartofthepublic—actuallythemarketseemedtechnicallyquitestrong,withpublicparticipationessentiallydignified—butratheranattemptbytheFederalReserveBoardtopreservethesoundunderpinningsthatexistedinthemarket.Naturally,suchamovehadamomentarilychillingeffectuponpricesbutiftheFRBhadbeenpreoccupiedwithunduespeculation,theincreasemighthavebeentothe80%oreven90%level.Suchanincreasesinthemarginrateisaconfirmationofastrongstockmarketandsince19…,suchincreaseshaveresultedininterimmarkethighsovertwelvemonthslater.Obviously,therecouldbenoguaranteethatthiswouldonceagainbethecase,butifhistoryisanyguideline—andifbusinessandcorporateearningsweretocontinueonthesamecourse—continuedoptimismovertheoutlookforthestockmarketwouldseemmoreprudentthanpessimism.Themarginincreaseunderscoredthegoodrisethatstockshadenjoyedforthepreviousyear—andthefactthata50%ratewasmaintainedaslongasitwaspointedupthefactthattherisewasmainlyconservativeinthatitwasconcentratedinthebluechipsforthemostpart.InpastInvestmentLetterswehavevoicedthethoughtthatspecialitystockscouldoutperformthegeneralmarketfromthispoint.Wecontinuetobelievethatthiscouldbethecase.Forexample,steelstockstendtosellatcertainfixedprice/earningsratios.Belowacertainratiotheyareconsideredgoodvalue—aboveacertainratio,overpriced.Ifacompanyproducesauniqueproductitisfarmoredifficultformarketanalysistoplaceanumericalratiouponthecompany’searnings.WehavealsocontendedinthepastLettersthatthestockmarketreflectsmasspsychologyaswellasthebusinessoutlook.Wheninvestors—boththepublicandtheinstitutions—arenervousandpessimistictheydefinitelyhesitatetobuystocks:theyseeklowprice/earningsmultiplesandhighyields.Thesesameinvestors—whentheyareinanoptimisticframeofmind—becomeforlesspreoccupiedwithyieldsandmorewilingtopayapremium(highp/emultiples)foracceleratedgrowth.Ifthepublic’sattitudetowardstheautoindustryisanymeasure,thenthisperiodseemstohavebeenoneofoptimism.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis[A].ATimetoSellStock.[B].AStrongStockMarket[C].RaisingtheMarginRate[C].Price/earningsRatioinSteelWheninvestorsarepessimisticwhatdotheydo?[A].TheylooktotheFRBforhelp.[B].Theybuysteel[C].Theybuyautomobilestocks.[D].Theylookforhighyields.Whydoesthewriterbelievethatspecialitystockscouldoutperformthegeneralmarket?[A].Becauseanalysishavedifficultyindecidinguponafixedprice/earningsratio.[B].Becausetheactivityhadbeenlimitedtobluechips.[C].Becausetherisewasconservative.[D].BecauseoftheFRBaction.Wheninvestorsareoptimistic,whatdotheydo?[A].Theylookforacceleratedgrowth.[B].Theybuyspecialitystocks.[C].Theylookforhighyields.[C].Theyaremoreprudent.BDAAPassage2Thingshavereallychanged.Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.Recruiters,oncedenouncedbyantiwarstudentsas“babykillers”andbarredfromcampuses,arewelcomedeverateliteuniversities.ROTC(ReserveOfficer’sTrainingCorps)programs,thatfalteredduringtheVietNamera,whenprotesterswerefirebombingtheirheadquarters,areflourishingagain.Themilitaryacademiesareenjoyingasteadyincreaseinapplications.Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable:freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.Monthlypayforarecruitis$574;forasergeantwithfouryearsservicesitis$906;foramajorwithtenyears’serviceitis$2,305.Theservices’slick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.Kidsarewalkingdowntheschoolhallwayschanting‘Army,Navy,AirForce,Marines,’justlikeinthecommercials.Andmanymilitaryofficialsfeelthatthekeydifferenceistheenhancedpatriotismamongthenation’syouth.Thereisareturntotheviewthatthemilitaryisanhonorableprofession.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.Recruitingforallfourservicescombinedisrunningat101%ofauthorizedgoals.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.Themilitaryacademicsarealsoenjoyinghalcyonyears,attractingmoreandbetter-qualifiedstudents.Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargain:notonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.Itisreported12,300applicantsareforthe1,450positionsinthisyear’sfreshmanclass.Militaryacademiesarenowjustasselectiveasanyofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.Nationwide,ROTCenrollmentexceeds105,000,a64%increaseoverthe1974figure.Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridicule,iftheydid.Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.Tothem,VietNamisancienthistory,somethingtheoldfolkstalkabout.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?[A].TheMilitaryisin[B].TheMilitaryisup[C].TheMilitaryisdown[D].TheMilitaryisonWhatwastheattitudeofthestudentsin1970’stowardsthemilitary?[A].Approval.[B].Indifferent.[C].Distaste.[D].Scolding.Thephrase“comeout”isclosestinmeaningto[A].“becomevisible”.[B].“begintogrow”.[C].“bemadepublic”.[D].“gainacertainposition”.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasontoattractstudents.[A].Freetuition.[B].Spaciousroom.[C].Considerateallowance.[D].Technicaltraining.ACDBPassage1Noonecanbeagreatthinkerwhodoesnotrealizethatasathinkeritisherfirstdutytofollowherintellecttowhateverconclusionsitmaylead.Truthgainsmoreevenbytheerrorsofonewhowithduestudyandpreparation,thinksforhimself,thanbythetrueopinionsofthosewhoonlyholdthembecausetheydonotsufferthemselvestothink.Nothatitissolely,ofchiefly,toformgreatthinkersthatfreedomofthinkingisrequired.Onethecontrary,itisasmuchorevenmoreindispensabletoenableaveragehumanbeingstoattainthementalstaturewhichtheyarecapableof.Therehavebeenandmanyagain