2024秋高中英语单元质量评估五含解析新人教版必修5

PAGE1-单元质量评估(五)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。AExternalbleeding.Applydirectpressure.Placeaclean，foldedclothovertheinjuredareaandfirmlyapplypressure.Ifbloodsoaksthrough，donotremoveit.Instead，coverthatclothwithanotheroneandcontinuetoapplypressuretothewoundfor7—10minutes.Ifthebleedingisfromtheear，placeacleanbandageovertheear，laythevictimonhisside，andallowthebloodtodrainoutthroughthebandage.Elevatetheinjury.Positionthewoundedpartofthebodyabovetheleveloftheheartifpossiblewhileyouapplydirectpressure.Knowthepressurepoints.Ifdirectpressureandelevationdon'tsufficientlyslowthebloodflow，findapressurepoint.Largearteries(动脉)foundclosetotheskin'ssurfacesupplybloodtotheheadandtoeacharmandleg.Themostcommonpressurepointsusedduringthefirstaidarelocatedintheupperarmsandinthecreasesabovetheupperlegs.Applypressuretotheclosestpressurepointtothewoundsothatthearteryispressedbetweenyourfingersandthebonedirectlybehindtheartery.Ifusingthepressurepointonaleg，youmayneedtousetheheelofyourhandinsteadofyourfingers.Resorttoatourniquet(止血带，压脉器)．Onveryrareoccasionseverythinglistedabovemayfail.Topreventthevictimfromdying，youshouldapplyatourniquet.Onceatourniquetisapplied，itshouldnotbeloosenedorremoveduntilthevictimhasreachedmedicalhelp.Useatourniquetonlyifeverythinglistedabovehasfailed.Ifyouuseatourniquet，writedownsomewhereonthevictimthetimewhenitwasapplied，somedicalpersonswillknowhowlongithasbeeninplace.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主要介绍一些如何止血的方法。1．Accordingtothepassage，ifapersoniswoundedandbleeding，youshould________．A．coverthewoundwithaclean，foldedclothandpressitB．spreadsomesalve(药膏)onthewoundC．pressthewoundfirmlywithyourfingersD．placeacleanbandageoverthewound解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段第三句“Placeaclean，foldedclothovertheinjuredareaandfirmlyapplypressure.”可知A项为正确选项。答案：A2．Ifbloodsoaksthroughthecloth，youshould________．A．changeacleanoneimmediatelyB．washthewoundatonceC．pressthewoundfirmlywithyourhandD．covertheonewithanotheroneandpressit解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段第四、五句“Ifbloodsoaksthrough，donotremoveit.Instead，coverthatclothwithanotheroneandcontinuetoapplypressuretothewoundfor7—10minutes.”可知D项为正确答案。答案：D3．Accordingtothepassage，weknowthat________．A．itisbettertoputtheinjuredpartabovetheheadtostopbleedingB．largearteriesdeepinthemusclesupplybloodtotheheadandtoeacharmandlegC．weshoulduseatourniquetfirsttostopbleedingD．themostcommonpressurepointslieintheupperarmsandinthecreasesabovetheupperlegs解析：细微环节理解题。第三段第四句明确提到“Themostcommonpressurepointsusedduringthefirstaidarelocatedintheupperarmsandinthecreasesabovetheupperlegs”，因此D项为正确答案。答案：DBAreyouaddictedtocomputergames？Doyoustayupallnightplayingthem？Doyoufeelhappyafteryouplaycomputergames?There'snodoubtthattheexcitementandappealofgamesthesedaysmakesthemhardtoputdown.Weareattractedbythechoicewhenitcomestogaming：Youcanroleplay—creatingyourownfantasycharactersandstories，givingyouchancetostepoutofeverydaylifeintoanimaginaryworld.Andthereareshootinggameswhereyoucanletoutyourangeranddepressioninviolentsituationswhereyoukillpeoplewithguns.Youcangetexcitedfromthegames.However，canthesekindsofgamesreallybefunandcanbeingabsorbedinvirtualrealitybegoodforus？Shouldweworryabouttheireffectsonourhealth?PopulargameslikeGrandTheftAutohavebeenblamedforeverythingfromfallingresultsatschooltocausingactsofextremeviolence.Internetsafetyadvisor，AlanMacKenzie，thinks“anypeopleunderstandablywilljustthinkthatagameisjustagameandnotrealizingtheexactcontentthat'sinthere”．Hegivesanexampleoftheviolence，whichhesaysis“whollyinappropriateforanybody，nottomentionchildren”．Otherswillarguethatgamingisaharmlessformofentertainment.Thereisevidencethatplayingvideogamescouldactuallybegoodforus.SomegameslikeGameofThronesandWorldofWarcraftareeducationalandusinggamescertainlycanhelpchildrenlearngoodqualities.Studieshavealsoshownthattheskillsusedinplayinggamescancausegrowthincertainareasofthebrain，theabilitytothinkin3Dandevenimproveoureyesight.Videogameplayersarealsonolongerjustsimplecreatures.Forsome，gamingishavingapositiveeffectontheirsocialliveswithgameslikeHaloandWorldofWarcraftoftenbeingplayedingroups.Whenyourgroupworkstogethertowinthegame，yoursenseofachievementishigherthanwhenwinningbyyourself.Soeverycoinhastwosides.Itseemstoday，gamingisn'tjustforgamefansandifusedinaproperway，wecanalltakepart.Ifvideogameshavetwosides，whatsidedoyoustandby?【语篇解读】本文论述了电脑嬉戏的主动作用和消极作用，并提出应当正确看待电脑嬉戏，选择有益于自己身心健康的嬉戏。4．Thewriterusedalotofquestionsatthebeginningto________．A．leadintothetopicofthepassageB．showhisworriesabouttheeffectofplayingcomputergamesonhealthC．doubttheadvantageofplayingcomputergamesD．askthereadersfortheirownopinionsaboutgames解析：推理推断题。依据第一段的三个问题以及其次段的内容可知，文章开头用三个问句的目的是引出本文话题：我们该如何看待电脑嬉戏。答案：A5．Paragraph3mainlytellsus________．A．gamescontainextremeviolenceB．thecontentsofthegamearecomplexC．gamingisaharmfulformofentertainmentD．populargamesleadtostudents'fallingresultsatschool解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段的主题句是第一、二句“However，canthesekindsofgamesreallybefunandcanbeingabsorbedinvirtualrealitybegoodforus？Shouldweworryabouttheireffectsonourhealth？”，再结合第四段第一句“Otherswillarguethatgamingisaharmlessformofentertainment.”可知，该段主要论述电脑嬉戏是一种有害的消遣方式。答案：C6．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingshowsthegoodinfluenceonsociallives?A．LiHualearntmanyEnglishwordsfromplayinggames.B．HanMeimeipassedtheexamafterplayingthegames.C．YangLiletoutherangeranddepression.D．SunYangworkedwellwithhisteammates.解析：推理推断题。依据第五段最终一句“Whenyourgroupworkstogethertowinthegame，yoursenseofachievementishigherthanwhenwinningbyyourself.”可知，假如你的团队团结一样并且赢得了嬉戏，你的成就感要比独自赢得嬉戏更剧烈。据此可知，通过电脑嬉戏我们可以培育团队精神。答案：D7．InParagraph4，theauthorsupportshisidea________．A．withdescriptivewordsB．bygivingsomeexamplesC．withsomeresearchresultsD．byprovidingsomenumbers解析：推理推断题。依据第四段第三句“SomegameslikeGameofThronesandWorldofWarcraftareeducationalandusinggamescertainlycanhelpchildrenlearngoodqualities.”可知，作者通过“GameofThrones”和“WorldofWarcraft”这两个电脑嬉戏说明这种嬉戏对孩子有主动作用，该段运用了举例法，故B项正确。答案：BCDearReaders，Medicalrelatedemergenciesareontherise.Moreseniorsareseekinganindependentlifestyleandbetterqualityoflife.Over1in3peopleovertheageof64willfallthisyear.Nearlyhalfwillnotbeabletogetupwithoutsupport.Medicalexpensescanincreasewhenapersonisnotgiventimelysupport.Youcanpreventamedicalcatastrophewithour24­houremergencyresponsesystem.Oursolutionishighlyrecommendedbydoctors，healthcareprofessionals，andhospitals.WeareofferingaFREEMedicalAlertSystemtoseniorsortheirlovedoneswhocallnow.Foralimitedtime，therewillbenoset­upfeesandthemedicalmonitoringstartsatlessthanadollaraday.Thesystemistop­rankedandeasy­to­use.Thependantis100%waterproofanditcantravelwithyou.Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically.CallToll­Free1­800­360­0405andgainpeaceofmind.Thereisnolong­termcontract.Ourmedicalalertprofessionalscanwalkyouthrougheverythingoverthephone.Thefirst100callerstoorderwillreceive：·FreeMedicalAlertSystem($300Value)·24HoursaDay/7DaysaWeekLIVEMonitoringandSupport·FreeWaterproofNecklacePendantorWristband·NoLong­TermContract·FreeShippingDon'twaituntilafterafalltogiveusacall.Takeadvantageofthisspecialoffernowtoprotectyourselforalovedone.CallNowToll­Free1­800­360­0405.Sincerely，JimNelson【语篇解读】本文主要是给读者举荐一种老人医疗预警系统。8．What'sthefunctionoftheMedicalAlertSystem?A．Todetectyourfallsautomatically.B．Topreventallkindsofdiseases.C．Tomonitormedicaltreatments.D．Togainpeaceofmind.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically”可知，这个医疗预警系统可以自动检测出老人是否摔倒，故选A。答案：A9．Whatwillthefirst100callerstoorderreceive?A．300dollars.B．Freewaterproofwristband.C．Along­termcontract.D．Timelymedicalsupport.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第五段第三条“FreeWaterproofNecklacePendantorWristband”可知，前100名打电话预订的人可以获得免费的防水项链挂件或者腕带，故选B。答案：B10．Inwhichcolumnmayyoufindthisarticleinamagazine?A．Economy. B．Education.C．Psychology. D．Advertisement.解析：推理推断题。依据全文的整体内容可知，本文是一篇广告，是关于一款针对老年人的医疗预警系统的推介，故选D。答案：D其次节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What'stheeasiestwaytostaywarminthesupercold？11.________．Atleastthat'swhatSantaClaus(圣诞老人)toldme.OverChristmas，DennisandIwenttoFinland.Webroughtbacksometipsforkeepingwarminacoldtemperature.·Threelayers(层)workwonders.Startwiththebaselayer，whichsitsrightonyourskin：choosesomethingabsorbent(吸汗的).12.________．Asweaterisagoodchoice.Themostimportantlayeristheouterclothes，whichshouldbewaterproof(防水的)andwindproof.·13.________．Youloseheatfromeverymillimetreofuncoveredskin，whichwasthebiggestlessonIlearnedonthetrip.Mywholebodywaswellcovered.ButImissedonespot：myface.Soitoftenfeltlikethewindwasgoingtoblowmynoseoff.·Exercise，don'tjuststandstill.Whenit'scold，exercisingmaybethelastthingyoufeellikedoing，butbesmart.14.________，andyouwillfeelthedifference.WhenwefirstgottoFinland，wewerefreezing.Butafteracoupleofminutesjumpingaround，wefeltlesscold.·Ifyouhaveaheater...Youmaywanttoturnitallthewayup，butit'sbesttokeepitatbetween18and20degrees.15.________，butnotcreateahugedifferencebetweeninsideandoutside.A．GrowacrazybeardB．ThekeyiswhatyoulayerC．CovereverybitofyourskinD．ThatwillkeepyoucomfortableE．Takeawalk，fasterthanyournormalspeedF．Don'tforgettokeepyourhandsandfeetwarm，tooG．Themiddlelayerkeepsyourbodyheatfromgettingaway【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了对抗寒冷的几种方法。11．解析：依据该空后的“Atleastthat'swhatSantaClaustoldme”以及我们对圣诞老人外貌特征的了解可知，A项内容符合此处语境。答案：A12．解析：G项内容与上一句中的“Startwiththebaselayer”和下文中的“Themostimportantlayer...”相并列，并共同构成该段小标题Threelayers的内容。答案：G13．解析：依据该段首句中的“Youloseheatfromeverymillimetreofuncoveredskin”以及作者的亲身经验可知，肯定要遮盖每一寸肌肤。答案：C14．解析：依据该段的小标题Exercise，don'tjuststandstill可知，E项内容是运动的例子之一，符合该处语境。答案：E15．解析：依据该空前的“it'sbesttokeepitatbetween18and20degrees”可知，加热器的温度限制在18℃至20℃之间可以让你感觉舒适，但又不至于造成室内外巨大的温差。答案：D其次部分英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AheroicdriverLarryworkswithTransportDrivers，Inc.Onemorningin2009，Larrywas____16____along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis___17___．Suddenly，hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.___18____hegotcloser，hefound____19____vehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed____20____shootingoutfromunderthe____21____vehicle.Larrypulledover，setthebrakeand____22____thefireextinguisher(灭火器)．Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasputout.Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson____23____andtoldLarryhehad____24____anemergencycall.They____25____heardawoman'svoicecomingfromthewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.____26____thevehicle，theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay____27____untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived，____28____shethoughtthecarwasgoingto____29____．Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmove____30____sheinjuredherneck.Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived，Larryandtheotherman____31____andletthemgotowork.Then，Larryaskedthe____32____ifhewasneededor____33____togo.Theylethimandtheothermango.Onethingis____34____—Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsoclosetotheburningvehicle！His____35____mostlikelysavedthewoman'slife.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文讲解并描述了货运司机拉里看到了一辆翻倒着火的汽车，不顾个人安危对伤者实施救助的故事。16．A.walking B．touringC．travelling D．rushing解析：由下文的“pulledover，setthebrake”等词可知，拉里送完货物之后正在道路上行驶。因此答案选C。答案：C17．A.passengers B．colleaguesC．employers D．customers解析：拉里是送货司机，当然是将货物送到顾客(customers)手里。答案：D18．A.Since B．AlthoughC．As D．If解析：当拉里走近时才发觉，还有一辆车翻倒在路上。since“既然”；though“尽管”；as“当……时候”；if“假如”。唯有C项符合语境。答案：C19．A.each B．anotherC．that D．his解析：前文已经提到拉里看到了一辆开着大灯的车，这是另一辆车，故答案选B。答案：B20．A.flames B．smokeC．water D．steam解析：由本段最终一句中的“thefirewasputout”可以推断火焰(flames)从车里冒出来。答案：A21．A.used B．disabledC．removed D．abandoned解析：依据前文“upsidedown”一词及下一段“thewreckedvehicle”这一信息可知，这辆车已毁坏。disable可表示“使不能运转”。答案：B22．A.gotholdof B．preparedC．tookchargeof D．controlled解析：由语境可知，看到这种状况，拉里抓紧靠边停车，拿起(getholdof)灭火器去实施救援。答案：A23．A.camedown B．camethroughC．camein D．cameover解析：依据语境可以推断，开着大灯的汽车司机走过来(comeover)告知拉里他已报警。comedown“下来”；comethrough“传来”；comein“进来”。均不符合句意。答案：D24．A.returned B．receivedC．made D．confirmed解析：由上文内容可知，makeanemergencycall“打急救电话”符合语境。答案：C25．A.then B．againC．finally D．even解析：正值那人与拉里说话，这时他们听到车里传来妇女的声音。again“又，再”；finally“最终”；even“甚至”。答案：A26．A.Starting B．ParkingC．Passing D．Approaching解析：依据常识，听到车里有人喊叫，他们当然是走过去(approach)救人。答案：D27．A.quiet B．stillC．away D．calm解析：由“shouldnotmove”这一信息词可以推断他们告知这个妇女要保持静止不动(still)。答案：B28．A.for B．soC．and D．but解析：依据下文妇女所担忧的事情，可知这里是逻辑上的转折关系。故选D。答案：D29．A.explode B．slipawayC．fallapart D．crash解析：前面提到这辆车的燃烧，依据常识，explode(爆炸)符合语境。答案：A30．A.asif B．unlessC．incase D．after解析：依据常识，让这个妇女保持不动的缘由就是防止颈项受损害。asif“似乎”；unless“除非”；incase“万一，以防”；after“在……之后”。明显，C项为正确答案。答案：C31．A.steppedforward B．backedoffC．movedon D．setout解析：消防队员和警方一到，拉里和那个人自然退让(backoff)到一边，让他们进行专业救援。答案：B32．A.woman B．policeC．man D．driver解析：前面提到了那个人拨打了报警电话，现在消防员和警方赶到，因此拉里询问警察自己是否能帮忙或者可以离开。答案：B33．A.forbidden B．readyC．asked D．free解析：见上一小题解析。答案：D34．A.forcertain B．forconsiderationC．reported D．checked解析：由前文所述，拉里超越自己的职责范围靠近燃烧的车辆去搭救别人，这件事是确定无疑的(forcertain)。答案：A35．A.patience B．skillsC．efforts D．promise解析：正是拉里尽力(efforts)搭救才让这个妇女幸存下来成为可能。答案：C其次节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifelt36.________(luck)tohavewonaplacetogoonaculturaltourtositesoflostcivilizations.WevisitedPompeiiinItalyandLoulaninChina.Pompeii37.________(found)inthe8thcenturyBC，thentaken38.________bytheRomansin89BC.Later，Pompeiiwasdestroyedbyavolcano.IteruptedandcoveredPompeiiwithash.39.________(fortunate)，manypeoplewereburiedalive.Thecitywasforgottenformanyyearsuntilthe18thcenturywhenastonewithwritingonitwasdiscoveredbyafarmer.Peoplestartedtodiginthearea40.________treasureandcausedmuchdamage.Thus，in1860，theareawasgovernedbythegovernmentso41.________couldbepreservedandstudied.Differently，Loulandisappearedunderthesand.Therewerejustafew42.________(ruin)left.Therewas43.________ancientwatersystem44.________(run)throughthemiddleofthecity.Thedesertwasoncegreenwithhugetrees，buttheywerecutdown，45.________resultedinthecitybeingburiedbysand.Theywerebothimportantcommercialcitiesabout2，000yearsago.Itwasapitythattheydisappearedforever.其次节【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个消逝了的古城。36．解析：felt是系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，故用lucky。答案：lucky37．解析：Pompeii和found之间是被动关系，且依据时间状语inthe8thcenturyBC可知，用一般过去时态的被动语态，故用wasfounded。答案：wasfounded38．解析：takeover“接管”，为固定短语。答案：over39．解析：修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。“manypeoplewereburiedalive”是不幸的事务，故用unfortunately。答案：Unfortunately40．解析：此处表示“人们起先在这个地区挖掘财宝”。digfor“寻求；发掘”，为固定短语。答案：for41．解析：此处指代前面提到的Pompeii，故用it。答案：it42．解析：afew修饰可数名词的复数形式，故用ruins。答案：ruins43．解析：此处表示“有一个古老的水系贯穿市中心”，用不定冠词；ancient以元音音素开头，故用an。答案：an44．解析：system和run之间为主动关系，故用running作后置定语。答案：running45．解析：非限制性定语从句的先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which引导从句。答案：which第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，安排组织一次郊游，请给你的英国挚友Chris写封邮件邀请他参与。内容包括：(1)参与者；(2)时间、地点；(3)活动：登山、野餐等。留意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：DearChris，Howisitgoing?I'mplanningtoorganizeanoutingtoGreenHillthisSaturday.I'mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinus.Wewillleavebybusat7amattheschoolgate.Abouttwohourswillbespentclimbingthemountain.Afterthatwewillhaveapicnicbythelakeatthefootofthemountain.Uptillnow，threeboysandfourgirlshavejoinedtheteam.I'msurewewillhaveagreattime.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua其次节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Onabright，warmJulyafternoon，MacHollan，aprimaryschoolteacher，wascyclingfromhishometoAlaskawithhisfriends．Oneofhisfriendshadstoppedtomakeabicyclerepair，buttheyhadencouragedMactocarryon，andtheywouldcatchupwithhimsoon.AsMacpedaled(骑行)alongalone，hethoughtfondlyofhiswifeandtwoyoungdaughtersathome．Hehopedtoshowthemthisbeautifulplacesomeday.ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim.“Man，that'sabigdog！”hethought.Butwhenhelookedtotheside，hesawinstantlythatitwasn'tadogatall，butawolf，quicklycatchingupwithhim.Mac'sheartjumped．Hefoundouthiscanofbearspray.Withonehandonthebars，hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal，andtoMac'srelief，itfellback，shakingitshead.Butaminutelater，itwasbyhissideagain.ThenitattackedthebackofMac'sbike，tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime，andagain，itfellbackonlytoquicklyrestartthechase(追逐)．Macwaspedalinghardnow.Hewavedandyelledatpassingcarsbutwascarefulnottoslowdown.Hesawasteepuphillclimbbeforehim.Heknewthatoncehehitthehill，he'dbeeasycaughtupandthewolf'steethwouldbetearingintohisflesh.Atthismoment，PaulandBeckywered