北师大版高三英语一轮复习三第1讲谓语动词课件

第二部分语法考点突破板块三动词的运用第1讲谓语动词题型高考典题命题角度语法填空1．(2023·全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill___________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.2．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Asalittlegirl，I______(wish)tobeazoo-keeperwhenIgrewup.3．(2022·全国乙卷)ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety_________(address)theopeningceremony.4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat_____(be)previouslyunprotected.5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod，theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems...”6．(2021·全国甲卷)It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复)．1．时态主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时；2．给出动词考查其被动语态；3．考查主谓一致。beemployedwishedaddressedwereisdesignedwasbuilt考点一一般时态1．一般现在时语法规则例句表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)，如always，everytime，nowandthen，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，everyday/night等连用。Heoftengoestoworkbybus，andhetakesawalkwithhiswifeafterdinnereveryday.他经常乘公共汽车去上班，而且每天晚餐后和妻子一块儿散步。语法规则例句按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作。只限于go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come等动词。Hurryup!Flight4026takesoffat18：20.快点儿吧！4026航班18：20起飞。在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时态时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。Ifitisfinetomorrow，wewillgothere.要是明天晴天，我们就去那里。2.一般过去时语法规则例句表示过去一段时间内经常发生的、习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，seldom等表示频度的副词连用。还表示在过去某一时间所发生的动作或状态，常与yesterday，theotherday，lastweek等表示过去的时间状语连用。In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.1931年，亚当斯成为第一个赢得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。3.一般将来时语法规则例句表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow，nextyear，intwoweeks等连用。还可以表示说话者临时的决定。—Whattimeisit?——几点了？—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute，Iwillcheckitforyou.——我不知道。你稍等，我给你查查。1．Notreceivinganyupdatewithinsixmonths_______(mean)thatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.2．InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannah_____(begin)heractivities，shehasreceivedalotofpraises.3．Whenthesun_______(slip)behindthemountains，itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.4．Thenextday，theirdog，Tiffy，____(fly)withpilotKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.5．ForMrSmith，thisisapossiblelife-changingchance.Thestoryonceagain_____(tell)usthatonegoodturndeservesanother.meansbeganslippedflewtells6．Infact，Roytewrites，“Iffoodwaste______(be)acountry，itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”7．InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut_____________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements，leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.8．Everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage，wearefilledwithasenseofexcitement，wonderingwhatcampingfunandadventurewe__________________(experience)next.werehavereportedwill/shallexperience考点二进行时态1．现在进行时语法规则例句表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。—Ihearyouareworkinginapub.What'sitlike?——我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？—Well，it'sveryhardworkandI'malwaystired，butIdon'tmind.——哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，不过我不介意。语法规则例句表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，常用于go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，runout等动词(词组)。Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenareaarerunningout．Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere'snoneleft.洪灾区的食物供给快要用完了。我们必须在食物吃完前马上行动。2.过去进行时语法规则例句表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与表示过去的时间状语(从句)连用，如：atthattime，atthatmoment，atthistimeyesterday，atteno'clockyesterday等。HemusthavesensedthatIwaslookingathim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly，“Whyareyoustaringatmelikethat？”他一定感觉到了我正在看着他。他突然瞥了我一眼，轻声地说：“你为什么那样盯着我看？”3.将来进行时语法规则例句表示将来某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生或进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：atthistimetomorrow，bythen，from1：30to4：30tomorrow等。Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauseshewillbeteachingaclassatthattime.简不能参加今天下午三点的会议了，因为她那个时间在授课。1．He_____________(clean)hisbedroomwhenhesuddenlyheardaloudnoisefromthestreet.2．Shirley___________(write)abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon'tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.3．Engineers___________(set)upover15，000sensors(传感器)nationwideandwiringthemintoaweb.4．I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildren___________(talk)tosomeonetheyareinspiredby—theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup.5．IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtit___________(smile)atme.6．ThelastfewyearshavebeenexcitingbecauseI'vebeenfollowingmyhearttodowhatIlove.TodayI_________(live)acreativelifeasthedesignerofmyownfashionbrand.wascleaningwaswritingaresettingaretalkingwassmilingamliving考点三完成时态1．现在完成时语法规则例句表示发生在过去的动作或状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束，并对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语有：already，just，yet，never，before，lately，recently，inthelast(past)fewdays/years，uptonow，tillnow，sofar等。Hehasalreadyreceivedthreesimilarinvitationsthisweek.本周他已经收到了三个相似的邀请。Inthepastfewyearsthousandsoffilmshavebeenproducedallovertheworld.在过去的几年里，全世界拍摄了数以千计的电影。语法规则例句表示从过去某时开始而延续至今(可能还要延续下去)的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有：since＋时间点；for＋时间段等。—Irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege.Canyouplaythepianoforme?——我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？—Sorry，Ihaven'tplayedthepianoforyears.——抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。2.过去完成时语法规则例句表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态，即过去的过去。句中一般有明确的表示“过去的过去”的时间状语(从句)。Whenwalkingdownthestreet，IcameacrossDavid，whomIhadn'tseenforyears.沿街走路时，我偶然遇见了戴维，我已经有好几年没见他了。表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：bythen，bytheendof，bythetime＋从句等。Hehadscarcelyputthephonedownbeforethedoorbellrang.他刚放下电话，门铃就响了起来。动词如hope，want，expect，think，mean，suppose，plan，intend用于过去完成时，表示本打算做而未实现的希望或计划。Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday，butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.昨天我本来打算去看你，但是来了一位不速之客。3.常使用完成时的句型语法规则例句This/It/Thatisthefirst/...time＋(that)sbhas/havedonesth.；This/It/Thatwasthefirst/...time＋(that)sb.haddonesth.这是某人第几次做某事Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.那是他第三次犯同样的错误了。It/This/Thatis/wasthe＋最高级＋名词＋(that)定语从句，从句中的谓语用完成式；Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋sincesb.didsth.；Itwas/hadbeen＋一段时间＋sincesb.haddonesth.自从某人做某事以来多久了；hardly(scarcely)...when.../nosooner...than...(一……就……)。Hardly/NosoonerhadIgothomewhen/thantherainpoureddown.我一到家，就下起了倾盆大雨。1．TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthat____________(survive)China'slonghistory.2．Myhusband，ourchildrenandI________(have)wonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.3．Overtheyears，there_________(be)anumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.4．Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand____________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.5．Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk，mywifeandI_________(keep)tellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.hassurvivedhavehadhavebeenhasremainedhavekept6．Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhe___________(decide)nottorun.7．Forthepasttwoyears，Gordon'sstudents__________________(study)waystokillbacteriainzerogravity，andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution.8．WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily，hebroughtthepaintingswithhim.Hehungthemabovethesametablehe_________(move)fromTurin.9．Already，anumberoffilms，includingWater

for

ElephantsandZookeeper，__________(draw)theangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaven'tbeentreatedproperly.haddecidedhavebeenstudyinghadmovedhavedrawn考点四被动语态1．被

动语态的构成(1)“be＋

过去分词”构成的被动语态(以动词give为例)：

现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般式amgivenisgivenaregivenwasgivenweregivenshallbegivenwillbegivenshouldbegivenwouldbegiven

现在时过去时将来时过去将来时进行式ambeinggivenisbeinggivenarebeinggivenwasbeinggivenwerebeinggiven

完成式hasbeengivenhavebeengivenhadbeengivenshallhavebeengivenwillhavebeengivenshouldhavebeengivenwouldhavebeengiven(2)“get＋过去分词”构成的被动语态：getmarried结婚；getpaid获得报酬；gethurt受伤；gettrapped/stuck/caught被困。

2．被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。(2)强调动作的承受者时。Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuiltonthemooninyearstocome.据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上建成。Inmyhometown，thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheathasbeencut．在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。Withmanyforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。

3．主动形式表达被动意义(1)“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。Thiskindofwoolshirtfeelssoft．这种羊毛衫摸起来很软。

(2)当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。

Haveyouboughtthebookthatsellswellthesedays？Ithinkitissuitableforusteenagers.你买最近畅销的那本书了吗？我认为它适合我们青少年。(3)betorent/blame主动形式表被动意义。Whoistoblameforthemistake?谁应为这个错误接受谴责？1．Theyounggirlhurriedhome，neveroncelookingbacktoseeifshe_____________