翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟1

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟1ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3pans.Readthedirectionsforeachpart（江南博哥）beforeansweringthequestions.Thetimeforthissectionis25minutes.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.

Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Iknowitwasadifficulttask,butIdidn'texpectthataconfidentpersonlikeyoushouldhave______onthat.A.mappedoutB.setoutC.chickenedoutD.brokenout正确答案：C[解析]习语辨析

此句意为“我知道这是一项艰巨的任务，但没想到像你这样自信的人也会畏缩。”

A．mapout拟定计划；B．setout出发，着手，表述；C．chickenout畏缩，因胆怯而罢手；D．breakout爆发。选项A、B均与题意矛盾，选项D不对，只有C正确。

2.

Therewerealsootherforms,ofentertainment.Theoperaandtheoperettaremainedpopular,andmusicandtheater______arenaissance.A.underwentB.experimentedC.discoveredD.resisted正确答案：A[解析]词义辨析

A．undergo遭受，历经，接受；B．experiment作动词时，常与on/upon，with连用，表示：用……做试验，尝试；C．discover发现，察觉；D．resist抵抗、忍耐。因此此句应选A．意思是：而音乐和戏剧正经历着一场文艺复兴。

3.

Actually,muchofwhatwasbeingpresentedonthestageatthattimewas______andexperimental.A.positiveB.negativeC.sensitiveD.innovative正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析

A．明确的，积极的；B．否定的，反对的，消极的；B项与A项是反义词；C．敏感的，神经过敏的，易波动的；D．创新的，革新的。根据句意，所选之词应与experimental是并列的，表示：那时舞台上所展示的许多东西是……和实验性的。所以选项B、C均不对，D项则表示想法或做事的方法是新的、不同且好于现存的，更适合句意，所以D为答案。

4.

TheysaidthatEnglandwaspaying______forhavingbeenthefirstcountrytoexperiencetheindustrialrevolution.A.positivelyB.dearlyC.sensitivelyD.emotionally正确答案：B[解析]副词辨析

A．断然地，肯定地；B．深深地，昂贵；C．易感知地，神经过敏地；D．在情绪上。此句是说：他们说英国因是第一个经历工业革命的国家，所以代价巨大。因此答案为B。

5.

Accordingtosomerecentreports,theurbanmasses,particularlymiddle-classwomen,arecontinuingtheirspirited______ofnewproducts.A.assumptionB.conceptionC.consumptionD.recognition正确答案：C[解析]词义辨析

A．假定，担任，承当，假装；B．观念，概念；C．消费，消费量；D．承认，识别；本句因为是表达：对新产品的精神消费，因此答案为C。

6.

Themanagerofthecompanyfirmlybelievedthatoneoftheimportant______sourcesofnewcustomerswasthechildren'smarket.A.unfoldedB.unknownC.unsolvedD.untapped正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

四个选项均有前缀un-，但词义各不相同。A．unfolded展开的，解开的；B．unknown未知的；C．unsolved，未解答的，未解决的；D．untapped未使用的，未开发的。本句要表达的是：未开发的客户资源是儿童市场，所以答案为D。

7.

It'scommonlyacknowledgedthatinfantmortalityhasdeclinedbecauseofrecentmedical______andahigherstandardofliving.A.recoveriesB.discoveriesC.coverageD.leverage正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

A．recoveries恢复，痊愈；B．discoveries发现，发现的东西；C．coverage覆盖；D．leverage杠杆作用，手段，影响力。本句意为：人们都承认婴儿的死亡率下降是因为近代的医学发明和生活水平的提高。因此选项B为答案。

8.

Theybelievethatbusinesseshavetofindnew______andtakeadvantageofeverysellingtechniquethatmightleadpeopletobuy.A.managersB.salespersonsC.investorsD.customers正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析

A．managers经理，管理人员；B．salespersons售货员；C．investors投资者；D．customers消费者。本句除了要熟知四个选项的意义外，还要看懂句子的意思。本句中的businesses是可数名词复数形式，意为：企业，公司，商店等。本句意为：他们认为企业必须要找到新的客户并且要利用所有能让人们购买自己产品的推销技巧。因为销售渠道及销售技巧是企业成功的重要条件，所以选项D为答案。

9.

DespiteaflurryofdiplomaticactivityinGeneva,prospectsforapeacesettlementseemedas______asever.A.remoteB.provocativeC.positiveD.relocated正确答案：A[解析]词义辨析

A．remote遥远的；B．provocative煽动的；C．positive明确的，积极的；D．relocated重新部署的。本句意为：尽管在日内瓦举行了一系列的外交活动，但签署和平协议的前景似乎和以往一样渺茫。因此选项A为答案。

10.

ManymodernTVviewerscomplainabout______thathaveconstantlyinterruptedanddestroyedtheirviewingtheprograms.A.criminalsB.finalsC.financialsD.commercials正确答案：D[解析]词义辨析

A．criminals罪犯，犯罪者；B．finals结局，决赛，期末考试；C．financialadj．财政的、金融的；financen．所以不用financials；D．commercials(广播或电视中的)广告。因本句意思是人们抱怨电视中插播的商业广告总是打断人们看节目或是破坏了人们看电视的兴致，所以答案为D。

11.

Hardlyanyonecanputupwiththissortof______livingenvironmentsandallthehardshipsthathehastobear.A.wearyB.varyC.drearyD.fairy正确答案：C[解析]形近识别

A．weary疲倦的，厌倦的，令人厌烦的(这里尤指由于长期做某事造成的疲倦和厌烦)；B．vary是动词，表示：改变，使多样化；C．dreary凄凉的，冷冷清清的，阴沉的；D．fairy仙女的。本句句意为：几乎没有人能忍受这种凄凉的生活环境和他所忍受的艰辛。所以答案为C。

12.

Hetriedveryhardto______theauthoritiesofhiscapabilitiesandloyalty,onlytofindthatthemorehetried,thelesstheybelievedhim.A.tellB.showC.convinceD.encourage正确答案：C[解析]近义/同义辨析

A．tell告诉，表明；B．show显示，展出，引导；C．convince使确信，使信服；D．encourage鼓励。此句表示他努力要使有关当局/方面相信他的能力与忠诚，所以仅仅“告知”、“显示”是不够的，选项D不合句意，因此答案为C。

13.

Itoldhimthathemightgetintotheboss's______ifhecouldaccomplishafewthingsforthegoodofthecompany.A.referenceB.confidenceC.competenceD.persistence正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

A．reference提及，参考，参考书目；B．confidence信心，信赖，信任；C．competence能力；D．persistence坚持，持续。此处表示“赢得上司的信任”，所以B为答案。

14.

Shedroppedhervoiceasshestartedto______thatshehadfalleninlovewiththepoet.A.impressB.expressC.suppressD.confess正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

A．impress盖印，留下印象；B．express表达，表示；C．suppress镇压，抑制，查禁；D．confess承认，坦白，忏悔(尤指承认或坦白自己所做的错事或令自己感到窘迫的事)。所以答案为D。

15.

Thegrowthoftheireconomyis______,notinreality.Manyoftheirstatisticsarefalse.A.infiguresB.infactC.intheredD.inform正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

A．infigures以数字的形式B．infact事实上；C．inthered亏空，负债；D．inform形式上(与inreality相反)，情况良好。在本句中是指与现实相反，所以D为答案。

16.

Accordingtomostlinguists,besidethedifferencebetweenspeechandwritingthereisalsoadifferencebetween______andinformality.A.formalityB.familiarityC.normalityD.formula正确答案：A[解析]形近识别

A．formality正式，讲究形式，拘泥形式；B．familiarity熟悉，通晓，亲密，精通C．normality常态D．formula公式，规则，客套语。在本句中指语言有正式及非正式之分，所以答案为A。

17.

TheChairmanseldomtalkedmuchatthesemeetings,buthisgesturesandnoisesspoke______.A.forumsB.valuesC.volumesD.horrors正确答案：C[解析]固定搭配

speakvolumes(口语)意义深长；有力地说明。因此答案为C。

18.

Thispoliticaldilemma______him,changinghimfromachanging,smartandsociablepersonalitytoagloomy,nervouswreck.A.formedB.tormentedC.foamedD.doomed正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

A．form形成，构成，排列，(使)组成；B．torment折磨C．foam起泡沫，冒汗，吐白沫；D．doom注定，判决。在本句中指：政治上的两难局面折磨着他……；因此答案为B。

19.

Weshouldnotletanyoneleadusbythe______inouractions.Weshouldalwaystaketheinitiativeinourownhands.A.armB.noseC.earD.hand正确答案：B[解析]固定搭配

Leadapersonbythenose．指牵着别人的鼻子走，使他人照着自己的想法做。本句意为：在行动中我们要采取主动，而不能让别人牵着鼻子走。所以答案为B。

20.

Apartfromitsimpactoncommercialandindustrialstructuresandprocedures,therapiddevelopmentoftheglobalcommunicationssystemisapparently______barriersbetweenpeoplesatapaceneithergovernmentsnorinternationalagenciescanhopetocontrol.A.settingupB.triggeringoffC.breakingupD.breakingdown.正确答案：D[解析]习语辨析及固定搭配

A．settingup叩设立，竖立；B．triggeringoff引起，激起；C．breakingup打碎，破碎，分裂(主要表示使整体分解)；D．breakingdown打破，毁掉。breakdownthebarriers表示“改变或除掉阻止人们一起工作或彼此间建立良好关系的事物”，因此答案为D。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentences.Ineachofthemonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Themayor'sspeechattheconferencetriggeredmuchenthusiasmandconfidenceamongmostofthecitizens.A.arisenB.happenedC.causedD.aroused正确答案：D[解析]动词辨析

trigger引发，引起，触发；而A．arise兴起，出现；B．happen发生，碰巧，偶然，偶然发现；C．cause引起，促成，使(发生)

[尤指不好的事]；D．arouse唤醒，鼓励，唤起。因此答案为D。

2.

Traditionally,thelargestcorporationshaveoptedforthepassiveapproach,withouteverthinkingabouttheirvisualidentityanddiverseimagery.A.chosenB.takenC.electedD.marked正确答案：A[解析]动词辨析

optfor选择；而A．choose选择，选定；B．take拿，拿走，获得，感受；C．electe选举做出选择，决定(后两个释义后通常跟动词不定式)例如：Youcanelecttodeletethemessageorsaveit；D．marke做标记于，作记号。所以答案为A。

3.

Internationalregulationmaybenecessarytoaddressaproblemofthiskindthattechnologyislikelytothrowupinthenextdecade.A.tackleB.stifleC.sniffleD.trigger正确答案：A[解析]动词辨析

addressaproblem/question/issue表示：开始设法解决问题。例：Ourproductsaddresstheneedsofrealusers．我们的产品试图满足真正使用者的需求。而丸tackle固定，应付(难事等)，处理，解决；B．stifle使窒息，抑制；C．sniffle鼻子哼哼的做声，抽鼻涕；D．trigger引发，引起，触发。所以答案为A。

4.

Agriculturetodayhashadtheluxuryofbeingabletopolluteandalterthelandscapefirstandworryabouttheconsequenceslater.A.transformB.reformC.performD.conform正确答案：A[解析]动词辨析

alter改变；例：Thecitycentrehasalteredbeyondrecognition．市中心已变得认不出来了。而A．transform转换，改变，改造；B．reform改革，革新；C．perform履行，执行，表演；D．conform使一致，使遵守。所以答案为A。

5.

Weshouldbeabletokeepbalancebetweenourincomingwagesandtheoutgoingexpenses.A.remainB.containC.maintainD.retain正确答案：C[解析]形近识别

keepbalance保持平衡；而A．remain保持，剩余；B．contain包含，容纳；C．maintain保持，继续存在(使某事继续下去)；D．retain保持，保留(指保留或继续拥有某物)。所以答案为C。

6.

Itiscommonlyagreedthatallgovernmentsshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestoendthedreadfulpollutionsituation.A.terminateB.closeC.finishD.prohibit正确答案：A[解析]近义词辨析End在此表示：结束，终止；而A．terminate停止，结束，终止；例：Thecourtruledthatthecontractmustbeterminated．法庭判决终止这份合同。B．close关闭，结束；C．finish完成，用完；D．prohibit禁止，阻止。所以答案为A。

7.

Theeconomistsaidattheconferencethatmutuallybeneficialdealswerebeingstruckfortheprovisionofinvestmentfinanceandthetransferoftechnology.A.transparencyB.transactionsC.transmissionD.transforms正确答案：B[解析]形近识别

deals交易，<口>买卖；而A．transparency透明，透明度；B．transactions交易，处理事务；C．transmission播送，发射，转播；D．transforms[数]变换(式)，[语]转换。因此答案为B。

8.

Humanistsarguethathumanhistoryismarkedbyacontinuousconflictbetweenscientificandtechnologicalingenuityandthedemandsofthespirit.A.notedbyB.conformedwithC.certifiedbyD.characterizedby正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

markedby以……为标志的；A．notedby被……记录下，被……特别提到，留意；B．conformedwith遵从，适应，与……一致；C．certifiedby由……鉴定的；D．characterizedby以……为特性的。因此答案为D。

9.

FormostFrenchpeople,friendshipisaone-to-onerelationshipthatdemandsakeenawarenessoftheotherperson'sintellect,temperamentandparticularinterest.A.expulsionB.dispositionC.precisionD.aversion正确答案：B[解析]名词辨析

temperament气质，性情；而A．expulsion逐出，开除；B．disposition性格，倾向，性情，脾气；C．precision精确，精度；D．aversion厌恶，讨厌的事和人。所以答案为B。

10.

IntheeyesoftheAmericansperhapsthemostlaughablethingDaiwadidwastoannouncethatmembersofitsboardofdirectorswouldacceptresponsibilityfortheaffairbytaking30%salarycutsforsixmonths.A.audaciousB.auspiciousC.ridiculousD.frivolous正确答案：C[解析]形近识别

laughable可笑的，有趣的；A．audacious大胆的，鲁莽的；B．auspicious吉兆的，幸运的；C．ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；D．frivolous轻佻的，妄动的。所以答案为C。

11.

Asthedebateofwomen'srightscontinued,thewomen'smovementbegantogainground,butsoonitreceivedamajorsetback.A.getfloorB.obtainprofitC.getaplaceD.goforward正确答案：D[解析]习语辨析

gain．ground开始接纳，变得更成功了；例：Histheoriesgraduallygainedgroundamongacademics．他的理论逐渐被学术界所接纳。而A．getthefloor得到发言权；B．obtainprofit得到好处；C．getaplace得到职位，获得前三名(指赛马)；D．goforward(朝着更大的进步，发展和改进的方向)前进。所以答案为D。

12.

WhenMarydiscoveredhowtreacherousthestreetscouldbe,shedemandedthather

boysstayclosetoherinthechurchgymandyouthcenter,andtheboyswereasgoodasgold,listeningtoeverywordshesays.A.verynaughtyB.veryobedientC.faithfulD.patient正确答案：B[解析]形容词辨析

asgoodasgold(小孩)有礼貌的，乖的；(人)很亲切；而A．verynaughty非常淘气、顽皮，没规矩的；B．veryobedient服从的，非常孝顺的；C．faithful守信的，忠实的，可靠的；D．patient耐心的，忍耐的。所以答案为B。

13.

Contrarytopopularbelief,assumptionthatwearenotaloneintheuniverseisasoldasphilosophyitself.A.consumptionB.predictionC.provisionD.speculation正确答案：D[解析]形近识别

assumption假定，设想；而A．consumption消费，消费量；B．prediction预言，预报；C．provision供应，供应品；D．speculation思索，构思，推测。所以答案为D。

14.

Thesebatteriesforelectriccars,somescientistsclaim,areboundtobetooheavy,toobulkyandunabletostoreenoughelectricity.A.clumsyB.fussyC.nastyD.rusty正确答案：A[解析]形容词辨析

bulky宽大的，庞大的，笨重的；而A．clumsy笨拙的，样子不好看的，愚笨的；B．fussy爱挑剔的，难取悦的，为琐事而担忧的；C．nasty污秽的，令人厌恶的；D．rusty生锈的，迟钝的。所以答案为A。

15.

Manyeducatorstodayinsistthateverygoodstorywillnotonlyattractitsviewersbutalsogivethemsomeinsightintowhatitmeanstobeahumanbeing.A.absorbB.captivateC.encourageD.stimulate正确答案：B[解析]动词辨析

attract(以魅力等)吸引，引起(注意)；而A．absorb吸收，吸引(某人注意)，使全神贯注；例：Themovementandnoiseofthemachinesabsorbedhimcompletely．机器的运转和轰鸣声完全将他吸引住了。B．captivate迷住，迷惑，强烈地吸引某人且抓住其注意力；C．encourage鼓励；D．stimulate刺激，激励。在此指教育家们认为一个好故事应该不光是吸引读者还应让他们开卷有益。因此选项B为答案。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentences.Ineachofthemthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesanerror,andbeloweach,thereare4choicesmarkedbylettersA,B,CandDrespectively.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.

ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

"IfIworkednotwithmyhusband,Iwouldhavenevermethim."WritesJodster.A.donotwork,nevermeetB.havenotworked,neverhavemetC.hadn'tworked,wouldneverhavemetD.shouldn'thaveworked,Ishouldhavenevermet正确答案：C[解析]结构应用

本句是虚拟语气的用法。因表达的是与过去事实相反的假设，应用过去完成时，所以答案为C。

2.

Amateurcookshavejoinedthecrazewiththehelpofmorethan20cookbookswhichdevoteexclusivelywithhotandspicyMexican,ThaiandCajunfoods.A.thatdevoteexclusivelytoB.devotingexclusivelyofC.thatdevotesexclusivelywithD.thatdevotingexclusivelyto正确答案：A[解析]结构应用和习惯搭配

动词devote与to连用，表示：把……献给，把……专用于。所以答案为A。

3.

ShetoldmethatshehasalreadygonetotheUnitedStatesfourtimesbeforesheattendedthatconference.A.hadalreadybeenB.hasalreadybeenC.alreadywentD.wasalreadygoing正确答案：A[解析]习惯搭配及时态应用

“已去过美国四次”(现在已回来)应用havebeento，而不用havegoneto；此外“去美国”(hasalreadybeentotheUnitedStates)这一动作发生在“告诉”(told)之前，应用过去完成时hadalreadybeento；所以答案为A。

4.

Fouryearsago,quittingtheartisticdirectorofAmericanBalletTheatre,BaryshnikovfoundtheWhiteOakDanceProject.A.havequitas...wasfoundingB.havingquitas...hadfoundedC.beingquitas...foundedD.havingquitas...founded正确答案：D[解析]结构应用及时态应用

本句意为：四年前，Baryshnikov辞去了美国芭蕾舞剧院(AmericanBalletTheatre)的艺术总监之职，创办了白橡树舞蹈中心(theWhiteOakDanceProject)。动名词“辞职”的动作发生在谓语动词“创办”之前，因此要用其完成式，而谓语动词“创办”的动作发生在四年前，所以用一般过去时即可；答案为D。

5.

Thewell-knownGarubSite,unearthedin1997,showsthatmanhadmadelivingthereasearlyas5,000yearsago.A.humanhadlivedB.humanshadlivedC.humanbeinglivedD.humanbeingslived正确答案：D[解析]名词应用及时态应用

本句意为：1997年出土的著名的Garub遗址显示了人类早在五千年前就在那里生活了。表示“人类”时，一般用thehuman或humanbeing；humanbeing为可数名词，复数为humanbeings；因只是叙述人类五千年前就在那里生活这一事实，用一般过去时即可，所以答案为D。

6.

ItwasnotlongbeforeSkinners,thefamousbehaviorist,realizedthelimitationsofhispsychologicalresearchthananotherpsychologistcamewithhisforcefulargumentsagainstSkinners'theory.A.realized...whenB.hadrealized...whenC.wasrealizing...thenD.wouldrealize...as正确答案：B[解析]结构应用

本句意为：当另一个心理学家提出反对Skinner理论的强有力论据后不久，Skinner这一著名的行为主义心理学家就意识到自己在心理学研究上的局限了。在表示过早发生某事或刚刚……就……的时间状语从句中，常用when来连接；在itwasnotlongbefore...when...句式中，主句用过去完成时，从句用过去时；所以答案为B。

7.

Allinall,itisnowbeyonddoubtthatinsizeandscopetherapidglobalspreadofthehabittowearjeans,howeveritmaybeexplained,isanaccidentwithoutprecedentinthehistoryofhumanattire.A.ofwearing...incidentB.wearing...eventC.ofwearing...eventD.tobewearing...incident正确答案：C[解析]结构应用与名词应用

本句要表达的是：……穿牛仔裤的习惯……是人类服装史上没有先例的一个事件。“穿……的习惯”应用thehabitofwearing...；incident和event都表示“事件”，但incident常用来表示一个不平常、重要的或激烈的事件；而event常用来表示某事的发生是有趣、令人振奋、或不平常、重要的。例：Aspokesmansaiditwasanisolatedincident．发言人说这只是一个孤立的事件。Oneofthemostimportanteventsinthehistoryofmankind.人类历史上最重要的事件之一。因此答案为C。

8.

Idonotadvocatebuildingtheparknearajetport,whichmightmakepeopletosufferfromdefectivehearing.A.makepeoplesufferingfromdefectivehearingB.makepeoplesufferfromdefectivehearingC.makepeoplesufferdefectivehearingD.makepeopletosufferdefectivehearing正确答案：B[解析]结构应用及动词搭配

make+名词+do使……做……(含有强制的意思)，例：Shemadeherchildrenwashtheirhandsbeforeeating．她让孩子们吃东西前洗手。而本句表示的是：使人们听力受损；另表示：遭受损害，受……之苦的动词suffer后跟副词from。所以答案为B。

9.

Researchersallovertheworldhavebeenseekingfordetermininghowearlyinfancyconceptualthinkingispossible.A.havebeenseekingaboutdeterminingB.havebeenseekingtodetermineaboutC.havebeenseekingtodetermineD.havesoughttodetermine正确答案：C[解析]时态应用及结构应用

本句意为：世界各地的研究人员都试图确定幼年的概念思维始于何时。因为这一研究始于过去，且仍在延续，所以用过去完成进行时；seekfor/after搜寻，寻找，追求；，seektodo尝试……，试图……；所以答案为C。

10.

Noadultswouldliketoadmitthattheyareweakerthanchildrentosolvestickyandpuzzlingproblems.A.tosolveaboutB.solveC.insolvingaboutD.insolving正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

beweakat/insth．或beweakindoingsth．表示：……较弱，不擅长……；或不擅长做某事。所以答案为D。

11.

Ifindthatmostchildren'sbooksareaboutboys,menandmaleanimals,andmostdealaboutmaleadventures.A.dealwithB.aredealingwithC.dealinD.aredealingin正确答案：A[解析]动词搭配

dealin买卖(货物)，经营；例：dealinantiques买卖古董；dealwith对待，处理，论及；例：ThisbookdealswiththeancienthistoryofChina．这本书论及中国古代史。所以答案只能在A、C中选；两个most引导的从句是find后并列的两个宾语从句，第二个most后省略了children'sbooks，所以答案为A。

12.

IndoingChinese-Englishtranslation,thetranslatormayrunintomoredifficultiesthanEnglish-Chinesetranslation.A.thaninEnglish-ChinesetranslationB.thanindoingEnglish-ChinesetranslationC.thandoingEnglish-ChinesetranslationD.thantodoEnglish-Chinesetranslation正确答案：B[解析]结构应用

本句意为：翻译者在将中文译成英语时遇到的困难比将英语译成中文时遇到的多。句子的结构应为：ThetranslatormayrunintomoredifficultiesindoingChinese-EnglishtranslationthanindoingEnglish-Chinesetranslation．对比的两个事物的结构应该一致，所以答案为B。

13.

Anyonecangiveexamplesofdreadfuldamagesdonebythisindustry,whichisapparentlydevelopwiththeexpenseoftheenvironment.A.whichapparentlydevelopingattheexpenseofB.whichapparentlydevelopintheexpenseofC.whichisapparentlydevelopingattheexpenseofD.whichisapparentlydevelopingintheexpenseof正确答案：C[解析]结构应用及固定搭配

which引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰thisindustry，表示这一工业显然正在以牺牲环境的代价来发展。非限定性定语从句的动词应为isdeveloping；而“牺牲……的利益，付出……的代价”是attheexpenseof，所以答案为C。

14.

Theadvertisingindustryintoday'sworlddoeshaveitsshareofresponsibilitiesinleadingpeopletomisconceptions.A.forleadingpeopletoB.toleadpeopletoC.toleadpeopleintoD.forleadingpeopleinto正确答案：A[解析]固定搭配

responsibility后可跟for或to，但意思不同：跟for表“负责，负责任”，而跟to表“职责”；例：Hetriestoescapetakingresponsibilityfortheaccident．他试图回避对那起事故负责。Itishisresponsibilitytomakearrangementsforthemeeting．安排这次会议是他的职责。另外，引导(人)到……应该用leadto，所以答案为A。

15.

Iurgedallthestudentstotaketheinitiativeintheirownhandstodeterminetheirgoalsforfurtherpursuitratherthantodependontheirteachersandtheirparents.A.determineB.determiningC.indeterminingD.fordetermining正确答案：C[解析]固定搭配

Taketheinitiativeindoingsth．主动做某事，因此答案为C。

ⅡReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestoanswerthequestionorcompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Thetimeforthissectionis75minutes.

Inmostcases,youcantransplantatreesuccessfully,atanytime,ifyoufollowtheinstructionsforplantingatree.Themostimportantthingistodigoutenoughroots,butthisprocessisdifficultwithalargetree.

Whenyoudigoutthetree,leaveaballofeartharounditsroots.Thisballofearthshouldmeasureaboutafootwideforeveryinchofthetreetrunk'sdiameter.Digdeepenoughtoavoidcuttingofftoomanytaproots.

Itiswisetocallinaprofessionaltreeexperttotransplantatreemorethanafewinchesintrunkdiameter.1.

Transplantingatreeis______.A.verydifferentfromplantingatreeB.sodifficultthatanexpertshouldalwaysbecalledinC.muchlikeplantingatreeD.donesuccessfullyintherightseasons正确答案：C[解析]细节题型

见第一段第一句：Inmostcases,youcantransplantatreesuccessfully,atanytime,ifyoufollowtheinstructionsforplantingatree．(在大多数情况下，如果你能按照种树的要求

来移植一棵树，那么，任何时候移植都能成功。)因此选项B中“移植一棵树很像种树”符合文章内容，是答案。

2.

Thelargerthetrunkofthetreeyouaretransplanting,______.A.thelessitmatterswhetheryoucallinatreeexpertB.themoreyoushouldavoidcuttingoffthetaprootsC.thelargertheballofearthyoumustleavearoundtherootsD.theeasieritistodigoutsufficientroots正确答案：C[解析]推断题型

从第二段第一、二两句得知：当你要挖出一棵树时，要在树的根部留一团泥土。这团泥土的尺寸应以树干的直径为准；树干直径每增长一英寸，这团泥土就应增加大约一英尺。因此本题是问：当移植树时，树干越大，……。答案应该是C：你在根部所留的泥土应越多(包根部的泥团应越大)。

3.

Thetaprootsare______.A.theheaviestrootsB.theprincipal,deepestrootsC.theballofearthD.thesamewidthasthetrunk'sdiameter正确答案：B[解析]词义题型

此句问taproots的意思；根据第二段最后一句：Digdeepenoughtoavoidcuttingofftoomanytaproots．(尽量深挖，以免切断太多的主根)taproots不可能指“最重的根”、“泥团”、“树干直径的宽度”，因此只有选项B正确。

4.

Thebesttimefortransplantingatreeis______.A.springB.fallC.winterD.anyseason正确答案：D[解析]细节题型

从第一段第一句得知：在大多数情况下，如果你能按照种树的要求来移植一棵树，那么，任何时候移植都能成功。因此“移植树木的最好时间”应为“任何时间”，所以答案为D。

5.

Todecidewhetheryoucansuccessfullytransplantatreeyourself,youshould______.A.selectyourlocationcarefullyB.measuretheballofeartharoundthetreerootsC.measurethediameterofthetreetrunkD.cutoffasmanytaprootsasyoucanreach正确答案：C[解析]细节题型

从第二段第一、二句得知：当你要挖出一棵树时，要在树的根部留一团泥土。这团泥土的尺寸应以树干的直径为准；树干直径每增长一英寸，这团泥土就应增加大约英尺。因此“决定你自己是否能够移植一棵树”的关键是要看树干的直径到底有多大，因此选项C为答案。

Thequestionofwhatchildrenlearnandhowtheyshouldlearnitiscontinuallybeingdebatedandredebated.Nobodydaresanylongertodefendtheoldsystem,thelearningoflessonsparrot-fashionandthegrammarwith-a-whipsystem,whichwasgoodenoughforourgrandparents.Thetheoristsofmodempsychologyhavesteppedintoarguethatwemustunderstandtheneedsofchildren.Childrenarenotjustsmalladults;theyarechildrenwhomustberespectedassuch.

Well,youmaysay,thisisasitshouldbe,andagoodidea.Butthinkfurther.Whathappens?"Education"becomestheresponsibilitynotofteachers,butofpsychologists.Whathappensthen?Teachersworrytoomuchaboutthepsychologicalimplicationsoftheirlessons,andforgetaboutthesubjectsthemselves.Ifachilddislikesalesson,theteacherfeelsthatitishisfault,notthechild's.Soteachersworrywhetherhistoryis"relevant"tomodemyoungchildren.Anddotheydaretorecountstoriesaboutviolentbattles?Orwillthismakethechildrenthemselvesviolent?Cantheytelltheirclassesaboutchildrenofdifferentraces,orwillthisencourageracialhatred?Whyteachchildrentowritegrammaticalsentences?Verbalexpressionisbetter.Sums?Arithmetic?No,no;real-lifemathematicalsituationsaremoreunderstandable.

Youseeyoucangotoofar.Influencedbyeducationaltheorists,whohavenothingbettertodothanwritebooksabouttheirideas,teachersleavetheirteacher-trainingcollegesfilledwithgrand,psychologicalideasaboutchildrenandtheirneeds.Theymakeelaborate,sophisticatedpreparationsandtryouttheir"modemmethods"onthelong-sufferingchildren.Sinceone"modemmethod"rapidlyreplacesanother,thepoorkidswillhavehadagoodbellyfulbythetimetheyleaveschool.Frequentlythemodemmethodsaresosophisticatedthattheyfailtobeunderstoodbytheteachers,letalonethechildren;evenmoreoften,therelaxeddiscipline,soessentialforthe"informal"feelingtheclassmusthave,preventsallbutahandfulofchildrenfromlearninganything.6.

Peopledarenotdefendtheoldsystemmainlybecauseundertheoldsystem______.A.childrenweremadetolearnpassivelyB.childrenwerespoiledC.childrenweretreatedasgrown-upsD.toomuchgrammarwastaughttochildren正确答案：A[解析]推断题型

见第一段第二句：Nobodydaresanylongertodefendtheoldsystem,thelearningoflessonsparrot-fashionthegrammarwith-a-whipsystem,whichwasgoodenoughforourgrandparents．(没有人仍敢于为那套老的、强迫学生机械地模仿课文和强迫学习语法的学习制度辩护，而对于我们祖父母来说，老的那套学习制度却是足够好的。)由此推断出，人们不敢为老的制度辩护的主要原因在于学生是被动地学习，因此答案为A。

7.

Whatdothemodempsychologistsmaintain?A.Childrenmustbeunderstoodandrespected.B.Childrenaresmalladultsandknowwhattheyneed.C.Childrenarebetteroffwithoutlearninglessons.D.Educationofchildrenistheresponsibilityofpsychologists.正确答案：A[解析]细节题型

见第一段最后二句：Thetheoristsofmodernpsychologyhavesteppedintoarguethatwemustunderstandtheneedsofchildren.Childrenarenotjustsmalladults;theyarechildrenwhomustberespectedassuch．(现代的心理学家开始争辩说，我们要理解孩子们的需求。他们不仅仅是年少的成人，他们还是我们必须像尊重成人一样尊重的孩子。)因此答案为A(现代心理学家主张要理解并尊重孩子)。

8.

Whathappenswhenteacherspaytoomuchattentiontothepsychologyoftheirlessons?A.Theyfindthatthechildrendislikethelessons.B.Theytendtoblamestudentsfortheirfailureinteaching.C.Theydonotpayenoughattentiontotheactuallessons.D.Theynolongerwanttoteachchildrenhistory.正确答案：C[解析]推断题型

见第二段第3—4行：Teachersworrytoomuchaboutthepsychologicalimplicationsoftheirlessons,andforgetaboutthesubjectsthemselves．(教师们担心地更多的是他们所教课文的心理学含义而忘却了他们应教的课程。)由此推断出：教师们为他们所教课文的心理学含义担心，而忽略了应教的课程本身。所以答案为C。

9.

Grammaticalsentencesareregardedasunimportantbecause______.A.wordsareutteredoutofnaturalfeelingsonlyB.itisbettertouseverbsonlyC.itisfeltthatformalgrammarrulesmightcauseunnaturalexpressionD.talkingfreelyandnaturallywithnoregardtogrammaticalrulesisabetterformofexpression正确答案：D[解析]推断题型

见第二段第9-10行：Whyteachchildrentowritegrammaticalsentences?Verbalexpressionisbetter．(为什么要教孩子们写语法句子?口语表达更重要。)由此推断出：人们认为语法句子不重要是因为他们认为自由且自然地谈论，而不用去顾及语法规则是一种更好的表达方式。所以答案为D。

10.

Accordingtothepassage,themodemmethodsareunderstoodby______.A.neitherteachersnorpupilsB.onlyahandfulofteachersandpupilsC.themoresophisticatedteachersD.everyonewhoenjoystherelaxeddisciplineoftheinformalclasses正确答案：A[解析]细节题型

见第三段第7-8行：Frequentlythemodemmethodsaresosophisticatedthattheyfailtobeunderstoodbytheteachers.letalonethechildren．现代的教育方法通常太复杂，教师们有时都无法理解更不用说孩子们了。因此答案为A。

Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople.Onemightsay,"DidJerrycarewhenIbrokeupwithHelen?""WhenIgotthatgreatjob,didJimreallyfeelgoodaboutit,asafriend?"Or"Didheenvymyluck?""AndPaul—whydidn'tIpickupthathewasfriendlyjustbecauseIhadacar?"Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,it'stoolate.

Whyarewewrongaboutourfriendsorourenemies?Sometimeswhatpeoplesayhidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon'treallylisten,wemissthefeelingbehindthewords.Supposesomeonesaystoyou,"You'realuckydog."Ishereallyonyourside?Ifhesays,"You'realuckyguy"or"You'realuck