建筑行业术语

BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES

建筑材料词汇及短语1.ARCHITECTURE建筑专业a.DESIGNBASIS设计依据

计划建议书planningproposals

设计任务书designorder

标准规范standardsandcodes

条件图informationdrawing

设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata

原始资料originaldata

设计进度scheduleofdesign

b.STAGEOFDESIGN设计阶段

方案scheme,draft

草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion

谈判negotiation

可行性研究feasibilitystudy

初步设计preliminarydesign

基础设计basicdesign

详细设计detaildesign

询价图enquirydrawing

施工图workingdrawing,

constructiondrawing

竣工图asbuiltdrawing

c.CLIMATECONDITION气象条件

日照sunshine

风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection

最大(平均)风速

maximum(mean)windvelocity

风荷载windload

最大(平均)降雨量

maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning

飓风hurricane

台风typhoon

旋风cyclone

降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall

湿球温度wetbulbtemperature

干球温度drybulbtemperature

冰冻期frostperiod

冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone

室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision

不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision

绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure

相对湿度relativehumidity

d.GENERALROOMNAME

常用房间名称

办公室office

服务用房serviceroom

换班室shiftroom

休息室restroom(breakroom)

起居室livingroom

浴室bathroom

淋浴间shower

更衣室lockerroom

厕所lavatory

门厅lobby

诊室cliniczhěn

工作间workshop

电气开关室switchroom

走廊corridor

档案室archive

电梯机房liftmotorroom

车库garagekù

清洁间cleaningroom

会议室(正式)conferenceroom

会议室meetingroom

衣柜间wardrobe

暖风间H.V.A.Croom饭店restaurant

餐厅canteen,diningroom

厨房kitchen

入口entrance

接待处receptionarea

会计室accountantroom

秘书室secretaryroom

电气室electricalroom

控制室controlroom

工长室foremanoffice

开关柜室switchgear

前室antecabinet(Ante.)

生产区productionarea

马达控制中心Mcc

多功能用房utilityroom

化验室laboratoryroom

经理室managerroom

披屋(阁楼)penthousepī

警卫室guardhousee.ROOFINGANDCEILING

屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet

雨蓬canopypéng

屋脊roofridgejǐ

坡度slope

坡跨比pitch

分水线water-shed

二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic

附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt

檐口eaveyán

挑檐overhangingeave

檐沟eavegutter

平屋面flatroof

坡屋面pitchedroof

雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(R.W.P)

汇水面积catchmentarea

泛水flashing

内排水interiordrainage

外排水exteriordrainage

滴水drip

屋面排水roofdrainage

找平层levelingcourse

卷材屋面built-uproofing

天棚ceiling檩条purlin

屋面板roofingboard

天花板ceilingboard

防水层water-proofcourse

检查孔inspectionhole

人孔manhole

吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling

檐板(窗帘盒)cornice

f.WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)

砖墙brickwall

砌块墙blockwall

清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering

抹灰墙renderedwall

石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard

空心砖墙hollowbrickwall

承重墙bearingwall

非承重墙non-bearingwall

纵墙longitudinalwall

横墙transversewall

外墙external(exterior)wall

内墙internal(interior)wall

填充墙fillerwall

防火墙firewall

窗间墙wallbetweenwindow

空心墙cavitywall

压顶coping

圈梁gird,girt,girth

玻璃隔断glazedwall

防潮层damp-proofcourse(D.P.C)

遮阳板sunshade

阳台balcony

伸缩缝expansionjoint

沉降缝settlementjoint

抗震缝seismicjoint

复合夹心板sandwichboard

压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate

外墙板claddingpanel

复合板compositepanel

轻质隔断light-weightpartition

牛腿bracket

砖烟囱brickchimney

勒脚(基座)plinth

g.FLOORANDTRENCH

地面及地沟

地坪grade

地面和楼面groundandfloor

素土夯实rammedearth

炉渣夯实tampedcinder

填土filledearth

回填土夯实tampedbackfill

垫层beddingcourse,blinding

面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course

找平层levelingcourse

素水泥浆结合层

neatcementbindingcourse

混凝土地面concretefloor

水泥地面cementfloor

机器磨平混凝土地面

machinetrowelledconcretefloor

水磨石地面terrazzoflooring

马赛克地面mosaicflooring

瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring

油地毡地面linoleumflooring

预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring

硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring

搁栅joist

硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring

防酸地面acid-resistantfloor

钢筋混凝土楼板

reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)

乙烯基地面vinylflooring

水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo

地面做2％坡floorwith2%slope

集水沟gully

集水口gulley

排水沟drainagetrench

沟盖板trenchcover

活动盖板removablecoverplate

集水坑sumppit

孔翻边holeupstand

电缆沟cabletrench

h.DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)

门、玻璃、窗及五金件

木(钢)门wooden(steel)door

镶板门panelleddoor

夹板门plywooddoor

铝合金门aluminumalloydoor

卷帘门rollershutterdoor

弹簧门swingdoor

推拉门slidingdoor

平开门side-hungdoor

折叠门foldingdoor

旋转门revolvingdoor

玻璃门glazeddoor

密闭门air-Tightdoor

保温门thermalinsulatingdoor

镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor

防火门firedoor

(大门上的)小门wicket

门框doorframe

门扇doorleaf

门洞dooropening

结构开洞structuralopening

单扇门singledoor

双扇门doubledoor

疏散门emergencydoor

纱门screendoor

门槛doorsill

门过梁doorlintel

上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail

门边木stile

门樘侧料sidejumb

槽口notch

木窗woodenwindow

钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow

百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)

塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow

空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow

固定窗fixedwindow

平开窗side-hungwindow

推拉窗slidingwindow

气窗transom

上悬窗top-hungwindow

中悬窗center-pivotedwindow

下悬窗hopperwindow

活动百叶窗adjustablelouver

天窗skylight

老虎窗dormerwindow

密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing

钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel

钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel

窗扇casementsash

窗台windowsill

窗台板windowboard

窗中梃mullion

窗横木mutin

窗边木stile

压缝条covermould

窗帘盒curtainbox

合页(铰链)hinge(butts)

转轴pivot

长脚铰链parliamenthinge沥青漆asphaltpaint

桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil

红丹redlead

铅油leadoil

腻子putty

k.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语

•Discipline专业建筑architecture

土木civil

给排水watersupplyanddrainage

总图plotplan

采暖通风H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)

电力供应electricpowersupply

电气照明electriclighting

电讯telecommunication

仪表instrument

热力供应heatpowersupply

动力mechanicalpower

工艺processtechnology

管道piping

•ConventionalTerms一般通用名词

建筑原理architectonics

建筑形式architecturalstyle

民用建筑civilarchitecture

城市建筑urbanarchitecture

农村建筑ruralarchitecture

农业建筑farmbuilding

工业建筑industrialbuilding

重工业的heavyindustrial

轻工业的lightindustrial

古代建筑ancientarchitecture

现代建筑modernarchitecture

标准化建筑standardizedbuildings

附属建筑auxiliarybuildings

城市规划cityplanning

厂区内withinsite

厂区外offsite

封闭式closedtype

开敞式opentype

半开敞式semi-opentype

模数制modularsystem

单位造价unitcost

概算preliminaryestimate

承包商constructor,contractor

现场site

扩建extension

改建reconstruction

防火fire-prevention

防震aseismatic,quake-proof

防腐anti-corrosion

防潮dump-proof

防水water-proof

防尘dust-proof

防锈rust-proof

车流量trafficvolume

货流量freighttrafficvolume

人流量pedestrianvolume

透视图perspectivedrawing

建筑模型buildingmodel

•ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理

照明illumination

照度degreeofillumination

亮度brightness

日照sunshine

天然采光naturallighting

光强lightintensity

侧光sidelight

顶光toplight

眩光glaze

方位角azimuth

辐射radiation

对流convection

传导conduction

遮阳sun-shade

保温thermalinsulation

恒温constanttemperature

恒湿constanthumidity

噪音noise

隔音sound-proof

吸音soundabsorption

露点dewpoint

隔汽vapor-proof

NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称

项目经理projectmanager(PM)

设计经理designmanager

首席建筑师principalarchitect

总工程师chiefengineer

土木工程师civilengineer

工艺工程师processengineer

电气工程师electricalengineer

机械工程师mechanicalengineer

计划工程师planningengineer

助理工程师assistantengineer

实习生probationer

专家specialist,expert

制图员draftsman

技术员technician•Drafting制图

总说明generalspecification

工程说明projectspecification

采用标准规范目录listofstandardsandspecificationadopted

图纸目录listofdrawings

平面图plan

局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale

．．．平面示意图schematicplanof...

．．．平剖面图sectionalplanof...

留孔平面图planofprovisionofholes

剖面section

纵剖面longitudinalsection

横剖面cross(transverse)section

立面elevation

正立面frontelevation

透视图perspectivedrawing

侧立面sideelevation

背立面backelevation

详图detaildrawings

典型节点typicaldetail

节点号detailNo.

首页frontpage

图纸目录及说明listofcontentsanddescription

图例legend

示意图diagram

草图sketch

荷载简图loaddiagram

流程示意图flowdiagram

标准图standarddrawing

．．．布置图layoutof...

地形图topographicalmap

土方工程图earth-workdrawing

展开图developeddrawing

模板图formworkdrawing

配筋arrangementofreinforcement

表格tables

工程进度表workingschedule

技术经济指标technicalandeconomicalindex

建、构筑物一览表listofbuildingsandstructures

编号coding

序列号serialNo.

行和栏rowsandcolumns

备注remarks

等级grade

直线straightLine

曲线curves

曲折线zigzagline

虚线dottedline

实线solidline

影线hatchingline

点划线dotanddashline

轴线axis

等高线contourLine

中心线centerLine

双曲线hyperbola

抛物线parabola

切线tangentLine

尺寸线dimensionLine

园形round

环形annular

方形square

矩形rectangle

平行四边形parallelogram

三角形triangle

五角形pentagon

六角形hexagon

八角形octagon

梯形trapezoid

圆圈circle

弓形sagment

扇形sector

球形的spherical

抛物面paraboloid

圆锥形cone

椭圆形ellipse,oblong

面积area

体积volume

容量capacity

重量weight

质量mass

力force

米meter厘米centimete毫米millimeter

公顷hectate

牛顿/平方米Newton/squaremeter

千克/立方米kilogram/cubicmeter

英尺foot

英寸inch

磅pound

吨ton

加仑gallon

千磅kip

平均尺寸averagedimension

变尺寸variabledimension

外形尺寸overalldimension

展开尺寸developeddimension

内径insidediameter

外径outsidediameter

净重netweight

毛重grossweight

数量quantity

百分比percentage

净空clearance

净高headroom

净距cleardistance

净跨clearspan

截面尺寸sectionaldimension

开间bay

进深depth

单跨singlespan

双跨doublespan

多跨multi-span

标高elevation,level

绝对标高absoluteelevation

设计标高designedelevation

室外地面标高groundelevation

室内地面标高floorelevation

柱网columngrid

坐标coordinate

厂区占地sitearea

使用面积usablearea

辅助面积servicearea

通道面积passagearea

管架piperack

管廊pipelinegallery

架空管线overheadpipeline

排水沟drainditch

集水坑sumppit

喷泉fountain

地漏floordrain

消火栓firehydrant

灭火器fireextinguisher

二氧化碳灭火器carbondioxideextinguisher

卤代烷灭火器halonextinguisher2.STRUCTURE结构专业

a.Load荷载

拔力pullingforce

标准值standardvalue

残余应力residualstress

冲击荷载impactload,punchload

残余变形residualdeflection

承压bearing

承载能力bearingcapacity

承重bearing,loadbearing

承重结构bearingstructure

脆性材料brittlematerial

脆性破坏brittlefailure

抵抗力resistingpower,resistance

吊车荷载craneload

分布荷载distributedload

风荷载windload

风速windvelocity,windspeed

风压windpressure

风振windvibration

浮力buoyance,floatage

符号symbol,mark

负弯矩negativemoment,hoggingmoment

附加荷载additionalload

附加应力additionalstress

副作用sideeffect,by-effect

刚度rigidity

刚度比ratioofrigidity

刚度系数rigidityfactor

刚接rigidconnection

刚性节点rigidjoint

恒载deadload

荷载传递transmissionofload

固端弯矩fixed-endmoment

活荷载liveload

积灰荷载dustload

集中荷载concentratedload

加载,加荷loading

剪力shear,shearingforce

剪切破坏shearfailure

剪应变shearstrain

剪应力shearstress

简支simplesupport

静定结构staticallydeterminatestructure

截面模量modulusofsection,

sectionmodulus

静力staticforce

静力分析staticanalysis

局部压力localpressure,partialpressure

局部压屈localbulkling

绝对值absolutevalue

均布荷载uniformlydistributedload

抗拔力pullingresistance

抗剪刚度shearrigidity

抗剪强度shearstrength,shearingstrength

抗拉强度tensilestrength

抗扭torsionresistance

抗扭刚度torsionalrigidity

抗弯bendingresistance

抗弯刚度bendingrigidity

抗压强度compressivestrength,

compressionstrength

可靠性reliability

可靠性设计reliabilitydesign

拉力tensileforce

拉应力tensilestress,tensionstress

拉应变tensilestrain,tensionstrain

临界点criticalpoint

临界荷载criticalload

临界应力criticalstress

密度density

离心力centrifugalforce

摩擦力frictionforce

摩擦系数frictionalfactor

挠度deflection

内力internalforce,innerforce

扭矩momentoftorsion,torsionalmoment

疲劳强度fatiguestrength

偏心荷载eccentricload,non-centralload

偏心距eccentricdistance,eccentricity

偏心受拉eccentrictension

偏心受压eccentriccompression

屈服强度yieldstrength

使用荷载workingload

水平力horizontalforce

水平推力horizontalthrust

弹塑性变形elastoplasticdeformation

弹性elasticity,resilience,spring

塑限plasticlimit

弹性变形elasticdeformation

塑性变形plasticdeformation

弹性模量modulusofelastic,

elasticmodulus

体积volume,bulk,cubature,cubage

土压力earthpressure,soilpressure

弯矩bendingmoment,moment

弯曲半径radiusatbent,radiusofcurve

位移displacement

温度应力temperaturestress

温度作用temperatureaction

系数coefficient,factor

雪荷载snowload

压应变compressionstrain

压应力compressionstress

应力集中concentrationofstress

预应力prestressingforce,prestress

振动荷载vibratingload,rackingload

支座反力supportreaction

自重ownweight

作用action,effect

作用点pointofapplication,applicationjointb.GroundBaseandFoundation

地基及基础

板桩sheetpile,sheetingpile

板桩基础sheetpilefoundation

饱和粘土saturationclay

冰冻线frostline,freezinglevel

不均匀沉降

unequalsettlement,differentialsettlement

残积土residualsoil

沉积物deposit,sediment

沉降settlement

沉降差differenceinsettlement

沉降缝settlementjoint

沉井sinkingwell,sunkwell

沉箱caisson

持力层bearingstratum

冲积alluviation

锤夯hammertamping

档土墙retainingwall,breastwall

底板baseslab,baseplate,bedplate

地板floorboard

地基groundbase,ground

地基承载力groundbearingcapacity

地基处理groundtreatment,soiltreatment

地基稳定basestabilization

地梁groundbeam,groundsill

地漏floordrain

地下工程substructurework,

understructurework

地下室basement,cellar

地下水groundwater

地下水位groundwaterlevel,watertable

地下水压力groundwaterpressure

地质报告geologicreport

垫层bedding,blinding

独立基础

isolatedfoundation,individualfoundation

端承桩end-bearingpile

筏式基础raftfoundation

粉砂silt,rockflour

粉质粘土siltyclay

粉质土siltysoil

扶壁式档土墙buttressedretainingwall

腐蚀corrosion

覆土earthcovering

刚性基础rigidfoundation

沟盖板trenchcover

固结consolidation

灌注桩cast-in-placepile,castinsitepile

护坡slopeprotection,revetment

护桩guardpile

环墙ringwall

灰土limeearth

回填backfill,backfilling

回填土backfill,backfillsoil

混凝土找平层concretescreed

火山灰水泥trasscement

基槽foundationtrench

基础foundation,base

基础底板foundationslab

基础埋深embeddeddepthoffoundation

基础平面图foundationplan

地基勘探siteexploration,siteinvestigation

基坑foundationpit

集水坑collectingsump

阶形基础steppedfoundation

结合层bindingcourse,bondingcourse

井点wellpoint

井点排水wellpointunwatering

开挖excavation,cutting

勘测explorationandsurvey

勘测资料explorationdata

沥青bitumen,asphalt,pitch

联合基础combinedfoundation

卵石cobble,pebble

埋置embedment

毛石基础rubblefoundation

锚筋anchorbar

锚桩anchorpile

密实度compactness,density,denseness

摩擦桩frictionpile,floatingpile

粘土clay

粘质粉土claysilt

碾压rollercompaction,rolling

排水drainage,dewatering

排水沟drainageditch

排水孔weephole,drainhole

排水设备dewateringequipment

普通硅酸盐水泥ordinaryPortlandcement

群桩groupedpiles

容许沉降permissiblesettlement

容许承载力allowablebearing

软土softsoil

砂垫层sandbeddingcourse,sandcushion

砂土sandysoil,sands

砂质粉土sandysilt

设备基础equipmentfoundation

水泥搅拌桩cementinjection

素土夯实rammedearth,packedsoil碎石桩stonecolumns

弹性地基elasticfoundation

弹性地基梁beamonelasticfoundation

填方fill,filling

填土earth-fill,earthfilling,filling

条形基础stripfoundation

土方工程earthwork

挖方excavationwork,excavation

箱形基础boxfoundation

压实compaction,compacting

压实系数compactingfactor

验槽checkoffoundationsubsoil

预制混凝土桩precastconcretepile

中砂mediumsand

重力式档土墙gravityretainingwall

桩承台pilecap

钻孔桩boredpile

钻探explorationdrilling,drilling,

最终沉降finalsettlementc.ReinforcementConcreteStructure钢筋混凝土结构

板缝slabjoint

板厚thicknessofslab

板式楼梯crankedslabstairs

板跨度spanofslab

薄壁结构thin-walledstructure

薄腹梁thinweddedgirder

保护层protectivecoating

臂式吊车boomcrane,boomhoist

边梁edgebeam,boundarybeam

变截面variablecross-section

变形缝movementjoint

变形钢筋deformedbar

初凝initialsetting,pre-setting

次梁secondarybeam

大型屋面板precastribbedroofslab

单层厂房one-storiedfactory

单筋梁beamwithsinglereinforcement

单跨singlespan

单向板one-wayslab

垫块cushionblock

垫梁templatebeam

吊车梁cranebeam,cranegirder

顶棚抹灰ceilingplastering

端跨endspan,tailbay

多跨连续梁multi-spanbeam

翻边upstand

反梁upstandbeam

分布钢筋distribution-bar

封闭式箍筋closedstirrup

附加钢筋additionalbar

刚架rigidframe,stiffframe

钢筋reinforcement,steelbar,bar

钢筋表BarSchedules

钢筋笼steelreinforcementcage

钢筋间距spacingofbars,barspacing

钢筋网bar-matreinforcement,

meshreinforcement

钢筋砖reinforcedbrick

勾缝jointpointing

构架frame,gallows

构件member,structuralmember

构造construction

构造钢筋constructionalreinforcement

构造柱onstructionalcolumn,tiecolumn

构筑物structure

箍筋hoopreinforcement,hooping

箍筋间距stirrupspacing

固定端fixedend,retainedend

固端梁fixed-endbeam,fixedbeam

过梁lintel,breastsummer

混凝土强度等级gradeofconcrete

机制砖machine-madebrick

剪力墙shearwall

简支梁simplysupportedbeam

经济跨度economicspan

经济配筋率economicratioofreinforcement

劲性钢筋stiffreinforcement

劲性钢筋混凝土结构

steelcompositeconstruction

径向钢筋radialreinforcement

抗剪钢筋shearreinforcement

抗拉钢筋tensionreinforcement

受压钢筋compressionreinforcement

可见裂缝visiblecrack

刻痕钢丝indentedsteelwire

坑pit,hollow,delve

空斗墙rowlockcavitywall,rolockwall

空心板hollowslab

空心砖隔墙hollowtilepartition

跨度span

框架frame

框架剪力墙结构frame-shearwallstructure

拉接钢筋tiebar

栏杆railing,banister

栏杆立柱railingpost

老化aging

累积误差accumulatederror

肋形楼板ribbedfloorslab

冷拔低碳钢丝cold-drawnlow-carbonwire

冷脆性coldshortness,coolingbrittleness

冷弯coldbending

冷轧coldrolling

离析segregation

梁垫beampad,template,pad

梁挠度beamdeflection

楼梯斜梁string,stringer

螺旋楼梯spiralstair,windingstaircase

马鞍形壳saddleshell

锚固anchoring

门框,门樘doorframe

门式刚架portalframe

面砖,墙面砖facingtile,walltile

耐火混凝土fire-resistingconcrete

排架bent,bentframe

女儿墙parapetwall,parapet

配筋率reinforcementratio

配箍率stirrupratio

砌块block

圈梁ringbeam,tiebeam,bondbeam山墙gable

深梁deepbeam

伸缩缝expansionjoint

实腹梁solidwebgirder

实腹柱solidwebcolumn

竖向钢筋verticalreinforcement

双向配筋two-wayreinforcement

素混凝土plainconcrete

筒中筒结构tube-in-tubestructure

网状钢筋steelmeshreinforcement

围堰cofferdam,coffer

无梁楼盖flatslab,flatplate系梁tiebeam

预应力钢筋混凝土

prestressedreinforcedconcrete

预应力构件prestressedcomponent

预制prefabrication

预制板precastslab

预制构件prefabricationcomponent

预制装配式结构prefabricatedconstruction

折板foldedplate,foldedslab

折板结构folded-platestructure

主筋mainreinforcement,mainbar

主梁mainbeam,girder

柱距columnspacing,postspacing

装配式结构fabricatedstructure

纵梁longitudinalbeam

纵剖面longitudinalsection

纵向钢筋longitudinalbar

d.SteelStructure钢结构

薄壁型钢light-gaugesteelsection,

hollowsteelsection

不等肢角钢unequalanglesteel

槽钢channel,channelsteel

背对背角钢组合anglesbacktoback

不锈钢stainlesssteel

除锈rust-removal

粗制螺栓roughbolt,blackbolt

带钢stripsteel,bandiron

单面焊singleweld,one-sidewelding

地脚螺栓foundationbolt,anchorbolt,

holdingdownbolt

点焊spotwelding,pointwelding

电动葫芦electrichoist

等边角钢equalangle,equallegangle

对接焊,对焊buttwelding

腹板webplate,web

腹杆webmember

腹板加劲件webstiffener

杆rod,bar

钢板steelplate

钢管steeltube,steelpipe

钢桁架steeltruss

钢框架steelframe

钢梯,爬梯steelladder

高强度螺栓highstrengthbolt

格构柱latticecolumn

工字梁I-girder,I-beam

工字钢I-steel

工字形截面I-shapedcross-section

焊缝weldingseam

焊接welding

焊接长度weldlength

焊条weldingrod

桁架truss

红丹底漆redleadprimer

红丹漆redleadpaint

加劲肋stiffeningrib,ribstiffener

加劲板stiffeningplate

角钢anglesteel

节点joint,node

节点板gussetplate,gusset

节点位移jointdisplacement

节间长度panellength

紧固螺栓clampbolt,fasteningbolt

精制螺栓turnedbolt

可焊性weldability

空腹桁架open-webtruss

空间桁架spacetruss

肋板ribbedpanel,ribbedslab

连接板connectingplate,jointplate

檩条purline

螺母screwnut,nut

螺栓bolt

螺栓孔bolthole

螺纹screwthread,thread

螺纹长度lengthofthread

螺纹钢screw-threadedsteel,twistedsteel

拉杆tierod,tensionrod

满焊fullweld

铆钉rivet

锰钢manganesesteel

喷砂sandblasting

轻钢结构lightweightsteelconstruction

三角架tripod

上弦topchord,upperchord

上弦横向水平支撑upperlateralbracing上弦纵向水平支撑upperlongitudinalbracing

平面桁架planetruss

实腹刚架solidwebrigidframe

塔架pylonbent

特种钢specialsteel

调和漆mixedpaint

贴角焊filletweld,filletwelding

托架bracket

网架结构gridstructure

屋架rooftruss,principal

无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe

系杆tierod,tiebar,tie

下弦bottomchord,lowerchord

下弦横向水平支撑bottomlateralbracing

斜撑diagonalbrace,diagonalbracing

型钢sectionsteel,shapedsteel

悬索suspendedcable,suspensioncable

压力焊pressurewelding

仰焊overheadwelding,invertedwelding

翼缘flange

翼缘板flangeplate,coverplate

轧制型钢rolledsteelsection

支撑bracing,strutting

铸铁管castironpipe

组合槽钢built-upchannel

组合截面built-upsection,compoundsection

自动焊接automaticwelding

e.DesignforAntiseismic抗震设计

鞭梢效应whippingeffect

场地类别siteclassification

场地土sitesoil

单自由度体系single-degreeoffreedomsystem

底部剪力法equivalentbaseshearmethod

地震earthquake,seism

地震烈度earthquakeintensity,seismicintensity

地震烈度区划图mapofseismicintensityzoning

地震影响系数seismicinfluencecoefficient

地震作用earthquakeaction

多自由度体系multi-degreeoffreedomsystem

反应谱responsespectrum

抗震earthquakeresistance

抗震缝seismicjoint,aseismicjoint

抗震构造aseismicconstruction

抗震设防earthquakefortification

抗震设计seismicdesign

共振resonance

基本周期foundamentalperiod

里氏震级Richtermagnitude

烈度intensity

设计近震designnearearthquake

设计远震designfarearthquake

时程分析法timehistorymethod

液化liquefaction

振型vibrationmode

振型分解法modalanalysismethod

震源earthquakefocus

震中earthquakeepicenter

自由度degreeoffreedom

自振周期naturalperiodofvibration

f.GeneralWordsforDesign

设计常用词汇

安装installation,erection

报价offer,quotedprice

报价单quotation

壁柱pilaster,muralcolumn

变更alteration,variation,modification

变形deformation

标高elevation,level

标准standard,criterion

标准大样standarddetail

标准图standarddrawing

补充规定additionalregulations

补充说明additionalremarks

补充条件supplementaryconditions

不对称asymmetry

布置arrangement,layout

布置图layoutplan,layout

材料material

材料表billofmaterials

材料强度strengthofmaterials

参见详图referringtodetaildrawing

参考点referencepoint

参数parameter

操作平台operatingplatform

草图sketch,draft,roughdrawing

侧向刚度lateralrigidity

侧向稳定lateralstability

侧向约束lateralrestraint

侧向支撑lateralbracing,sidebracing

拆除demolition,removal

长细比slendernessratio

厂房factorybuilding,millbuilding

超静定staticalindetermination

承包contract

承包商contractor

等效截面equivalentsection

底标高bottomelevation

电梯lift,elevator,electriclift

电梯井elevatorhoistway,liftwell,liftshaft

电梯机房elevatormachineroom

方案scheme,plan,programme

方案设计schematicplan

方案图schematicdrawing

防爆explosionprotection,explosion-proofing

防潮层damp-proofcourse

防冻freezingprevention,frostprotection

防冻剂antifreezecompound

防腐preservation

防腐剂preservative,preservativeagent

防滑slip-resistance

防滑处理deslickingtreatment防滑条non-slipinsert

防火fireprevention,fireproofing

防火材料fireproofmaterial

防火分区firecompartment

防水waterproofing

防水材料waterproofmaterial

防水砂浆waterproofmortar

防酸acidproofing

方形square

防锈rustprevention

防锈剂anti-rustagent

防振vibrationprotection

分配系数distributioncoefficient

风化weathering,efflorescence

风向winddirection

附图attacheddrawing

附注note,annotation

高层建筑high-risebuilding

高差differenceinelevation

高跨比ratioofrisetospan

高宽比depth-widthratio

高耸结构high-risestructure

隔断partition,divider

工程project,engineering

工程量quantities

工程量表billofquantities

工业厂房industrialfactorybuilding

工业建筑industrialarchitecture

公称直径nominaldiameter

公式formula

公司company,corporation

拱arch

共振resonance,sympatheticvibration

管架piperack

规范regulation,code

规格specifications,standards

规模scale,scope

国家规范nationalregulation

国家标准nationalstandards

合同contract

横向变形transversedeformation

横向刚度lateralrigidity

化工厂chemicalplant

货梯freightelevator,goodslift

极限承载能力ultimatebearingcapacity

纪要summary

计算书calculationsheet

技术资料technicaldata

剪刀撑,交叉撑X-brace,crossbrace

简图sketch,diagram

简支梁simplebeam

交叉intersection,crossing

交点intersectionpoint

铰接hingedconnection,hingejoint,pinconnection

结构变形structuraldeformation

结构图structuraldrawing

结构形式structuralstyle

结构稳定性structuralstability

结论conclusion,verdict

截面section

界限limits,bounds,demarcationline

紧急出口emergencyexit

精确度accuracy,precision,excatitude,

局部破坏localfailure,partialfailure

矩形rectangular

抗冻frostresisting

抗风柱windresistancecolumn

立面elevation,facade

粒径particlediameter

连续梁continuousbeam

两铰拱two-hingedarch

裂缝rift,crack,crevice

楼梯stair

楼梯间staircase

楼梯扶手stairrail

楼梯净空stairheadroom

楼梯平台,休息平台landing,pace,stairlanding

楼梯坡度pitchofstair,slopeofstair

楼梯踏步stairstep

铝合金aluminumalloy

铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow

民用建筑civilarchitecture

摩擦friction

耐火等级fireresistancerating耐久性durability,endurance

爬梯catladder

疲劳破坏fatiguefailure

频率frequency

平面布置planlayout

平台terrace,platform,deck

平台栏杆platformrailing

剖面section

剖面图sectionaldrawing

侵蚀corrosion,erosion

倾覆overturning,toppling

人孔manhole

容许误差allowableerror,permissibleerror

容许值permissiblevalue,allowablevalue

晒图blueprinting

上部结构superstructure

设计要求designrequirements

设计资料designdata

伸缩缝expansionjoint

室外楼梯exteriorstair,outsidestairway

双向板two-wayslab

水平撑horizontalbrace

踏步step

踏步板tread

弹簧spring

填充材料fillingmaterial

填充墙fillerwall

挑板cantileverslab

挑檐projectingeaves,overhangeaves

停车场carpark,parkinglot

通用构件standardmember

通用图standarddrawing

通用详图standarddetail

统一标准unifiedstandards

统一构件unifiedstructureelement

投标bid,tender

招标bidding

图集collectivedrawings,collectionofdrawings

图签titleblock

温差temperaturedifference

稳定性stability,steadiness

污水处理sewagedisposal,sewagetreatment

先张法预应力pretensionedprestressing

现行标准currentlyeffectivestandards

详图,大样detaildrawing,detail

橡胶止水带rubberwaterstop

消防firefighting,fireprotection

斜率slope

卸荷unloading

卸货平台dischargingplatform,unloadingplatform

悬臂cantilever

悬臂板c