寒假作业13 短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空

限时练习：40min完成时间：____月____日天气：寒假作业13短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空短文填空得解题方法：1.选词填空第一步:解读方框中所给单词的__________；第二步:分析句子结构中所缺的成份，缩小选择范围；第三步:从上下文来判断词义，从语法方面考虑___________；第四步:通过代入法、翻译法检查所选单词是否符合语境。2.语境/汉语提示填空(1)快速浏览，了解大意（简单的空直接填出）；(2)上下求索，填出答案（填出正确形式）；(3)通读全文，检查确认（无提示词的空格填入_______）。3.具体变化规律(1)名词四变：◆变形容词◆变复数◆变所有格◆变名词(2)代词三变：人称代词主格和宾格互变、形物代和名物代互变、人称代词和反身代词互变(3)数词四变：●变序数词●变次数词●变数词单位●变整十复数(4)形容词四变：◆变副词◆变比较级和最高级◆变名词◆变动词(5)动词六变：●原形●变第三人称单数●过去式●现在分词●过去分词●不定式(6)并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。(7)若是主从句，需填入从属连词what,which,who,how,when等。(8)名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。基础过关练一、短文选词填空。(A)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，每空一词。方框中有两个词为多余选项。includes,in,scientists,invention,among,watched,inventors,further,encouragingA15-year-oldstudentwhoinventedaflashlightgettingpowerfromtheholder’sbodyheatisgoinghometodayfromCaliforniawithabigprizeandachancetodo____1____research.AnnwastheonlyCanadian____2_____thefourwinnersatGoogle’sinternationalsciencecompetition.Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.Thecompetitionattractedthousandsofstudentsin120countries.Thousandsofyoung____3_____fromaroundtheworldtookpartinthecompetition.Winningthescienceandtechnologycompetitionwasa“surprise”.Annsaid,“Ithinkitwillhaveagreatinfluenceonmyfuture.”Annthankedherfamilyfor____4____herinterestinscienceandsaidthatherfirsttoywasaboxoftransistors(晶体管).Ann’sprize____5____$25,000anda“once-a-lifetimeexperience”fromGoogleforherHollowFlashlight,whichhasnomovingpartsorbatteries(电池).Theideaforthe____6____camefromseeingunwantedbatteriesandherfriend’sexperience.WhenAnnvisitedafriendinthePhilippines,shesawthefriendcouldn’tstudy,whenitbecamedarkbecausetherewasnoelectricityorlight.Shesawtheneedforaflashlightthathasnobatteries—HollowFlashlight.Inherproject,Annwrote,“Imadetwoflashlightsthatdonotuseanybatteriesorharmfulmaterials.Theydonotcreateanynoiseandwillalwayswork.Theflashlightneedsatleasta5℃temperaturedifferencebetweentheholder’sbodyandtheenvironmentaroundtoproducelight.”AvideoofAnnexplaininghowsheinventedtheflashlighthasbeen____7____morethan1.4milliontimesontheInternet.ThoughAnnwassuccessful,shehasnotmadeadecisionabouthercareerpath.Annhopesthatshecanfindawaytojoinherloveoffilmandsciencetogether.（B）请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。they

although

three

discover

fail

direct

strange

complete

polite

where

thank

onThiswasmyfirstvisittotheairport.IknewIshouldgotothecheck-incounter（柜台）firstbutIdidn’tknow8_____itwas.Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp,but____9_____tomakemyselfunderstood.Hejustwalkedawayquickly.Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths,butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor10____.Howterrible!Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.Icouldfollow11_____totherightplace.Iwouldn’thavetosayaword.Ifinallyreachedtheelevator（电梯）.Oh,no!Therewasnotenoughspaceforme.Igot____12_____theelevatorwhenitreturnedandlookedatallthebuttons（按钮）.Whichonecoulditbe?IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe____13____floorandstopped.TearsfilledmyeyesasIsawtheempty（空的）hall.Justthenoneofthestaffmembersappeared.Hesaidhewasaguardthereandasked____14____ifIneededanyhelp.Thenheledmedownalonghallway.Wewalkedupsomestairs,turnedacorn,andfinallygottothecheck-incounter.WhenIturned___15____him,themanwasgone.____16_____Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname,Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp.IonlyhopethatonedayIcandothesameforanother_____17_____whohasthesameexperienceasme.二、短文汉语提示填空。Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonly__18___（令人惊奇的）butalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdangeraswellas___19___（成功）.Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation(辐射)isthegreatestdangertospacemen.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyarein___20__(危险)oftheradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.The___21____（伤害）oftheradiationwon’tbefounduntiltheirchildrenevengrandchildrenareborn.Some___22___（特别的）medicinemayworkalittle,butnoreallyeffectivemedicinehasbeenfoundsofar.Space___23____（垃圾）isalsothoughttobeagreatdangertospacemen.It’sreportedthattherewere9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%ofthesearesatellites,10%are___24____（太空飞船）,andtherestarespacerubbish.Anexplosion(爆炸)inspacein1999madeacloudof300,000fragments(碎片),eachatleast4mminsize.Asmallpieceoftheseevenknockedaspaceshipwindowand___25____（引起）somedamage（损坏）.Scientistsarewatchingandreportinganypossibledangerallthetime.Theyareworkingtodealwithspacerubbish.____26____（尽管）spaceisreallydangerous,itinterestsmanypeopleontheEarth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomepossibleforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceinafewyears.Soweshoulddosomethingtohelp___27___（提高）thespaceenvironment.三、短文语境提示填空。根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Twentyyearsago,LarryDayboughtakiteforhimselfjustforfun.Fromthenon,heandhiswifeKayhavelovedkite-flying.Theyhavemanykitesandtravelaroundtoflythem.“I’matpeacewhenI’mflying.”saidLarry.Kite-flyinghasalong___28___.Thecustomofflyingapieceofclothhighintheskybeganmorethan2,000yearsagoinChina.Sincethen,kiteshavebeenusedtodoscientificexperiments,takepicturesfromtheairandsoon.Peoplecanflykites___29____orwithfriendsandfamily.Kitesattractpeoplewholiketocreateandthosewhoalwaystrytomakeimprovementstothings.NowLarrylikesmakinghisownkites.Hemakeskitesof___30____shapesandsizes.Healsolikestakinghisworkstopublicactivitiesandsharingthem___31____others.Flyingkitesneedsskills.Experiencemakesadifference,sodoestheweather.Sometimesthebestflyingconditionshappeninwinter.LarryandKayholdakitefestival—ColortheWind.____32___takesplaceeveryFebruaryonClearLakeinIowa.Thefestivaladds___33____tothewinterskyandgivespeopleareasontogooutside.Their13-year-oldsonalsolovestoflykiteswithpeopleofallages.Helikesthehappyfeelingsheexperiences___34____hiskiteflieshighinthesky.“ThereasonwhyIlovekite-flyingisthatyouhavetotrybutnotalways____35___.Thebestwaytolearnistogoout,andletyourkitefly.”saysLarry.能力提升练一、短文选词填空。 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。carechancechangeeithereverybodygoodliveshakesmoothunlessuntilworthManypeoplehavetoldmetheyarenothappy.Theywantsomuch,buttheygettoolittle.Forfriendswhohavethisproblem,Ihavesomethingtoshare.Oneofmypatients,asuccessfulbusinessman,tellsmethatbeforehiscancer(癌症)hewouldbecomeupset____1____thingswentacertainway.Happinesswas“havingthecookie”.Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.Ifyoudidn’thavethecookie,lifewas____2____nothing.Unfortunately,thecookiekept____3____.Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.Ayearafterheknewhegotcancer,hesat____4____hisheadregretfully.“ItseemsthatIstoppedlearninghowtoliveafterIwasakid.WhenIgivemysonacookie,heishappy.IfItakethecookieawayoritbreaks,heisunhappy.ButheistwoandIamforty-three.Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.Forthispart,Idono____5____thanmyson.Youknow,youhavetogiveupalotofthingstotakecareofthecookie,tokeepitandbesurethat____6____takesitawayfromyou.Youmaynotevenget____7____toeatitbecauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit.Itseemsthatgettingthecookiesitselfstopsyou____8____bythegoddessoffortune,sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout.”Mypatientlaughsandsayscancerhaschangedhim.Forthefirsttimeheishappy.Nomatterifhisbusinessgoes____9____ornot.“Twoyearsago,canceraskedme,‘Whatisreallyimportant?’Well,lifeisimportant.Lifeanywayyoucanhaveit,lifewiththecookie,lifewithoutthecookie.Happinessdoesnothaveanythingtodowiththecookie.Ithastodowithbeing____10____.Oh,Iguesslifeisthecookie.”Friends,holdyourlifetight.Liveahappylife.二、短文汉语提示填空。根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成下列短文。Ladiesandgentlemen,Thankyouforcomingtoattendthegraduationceremony.Firstofall,I’dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoarehere___11___（今天）.WhenyouwerejuststartingGrade7atthisschool,youwereallsoenergeticandthirstyforknowledge.ButnowIseearoom___12___（满的)oftalentedyoungadultswhohavegreathopeforthefuture.You

___13___

（长大）upalreadyandI’msoproudofyou.Althoughyou’veallworkedveryhardoverthelastthreeyears,noneofyoucouldhavesucceededby___14___（你们自己）.Alongtheway,I’msuremanypeoplehavehelpedandsupportedyou.I’dlikeyou___15___（记得，想起）tothankalloftheseimportantpeopleinyourlives.Neverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.Lastly,theendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofanewlife.Idon’tneedtotellyouthatlifeinseniorhighschoolwillbe___16___（困难的，辛苦的）andthatyouhavemoretroubleaheadofyou.You’llmake___17___（错误）alongtheway,butthekeyistolearnfromthemandnevergiveup.Butalongwithtrouble,therewillalsobemanyexcitingthingswaitingforyou.___18___（在……后面）eachdooryouopenarechancestolearnnewthings,andyouhavethe___19___（能力，才能）tomakeyourownchoices.Choosewiselyandberesponsibleforyourdecisionsandactions.Althoughyouhavetogoyourseparatewaysnow,___20___（无论何时）youwant,youcancomeback.Asyousetoutonyournewjourney,youshouldn’tforgetwhereyoucamefrom.Thefutureisyours.Goodluckandhopetoseeyouagainsoonsometime!三、短文语境提示填空。根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Onebrightmorning,IwasoutformyusualrunwhenImetanelderlyladywhowaswavingherphoneandtalkingtomeinalanguageIcouldn’tunderstand.Itsoundedlikeshewasinahurrytogetsomewhere.Iquicklyrealizedthatshewas___21___andcouldn’tspeakanyEnglish.Sheshowedmeamapapponherphone,butIhadnoideas___22___toreadit.So,Iquicklygotatranslationapponlineandweusedtheapptocommunicate.ShespokeintothemicrophoneinherlanguageandittranslatedherwordsintoEnglishformetounderstand.Iputinsomewords___23___myreplytoherandwewereabletocommunicate!Isoonknewthatsheneededtogethome,whichwasalongwalkaway.Shedidn’twanttouseanypublictransportationbutIofferedtowalkhertoabusstopwhereshecouldcallherdaughterfora___24___.Thenherdaughtercoulddriveherhome.Aswewalked,welaughedandjoked,___25___wecouldn’tunderstandeachother’slanguage.Itwasaprettyfunexperience!Alongtheway,theelderlyladykept___26___meformytime.Ihadtokeepremindingherthatitwasnotroubleatallandsayingthatitwasmypleasuretohelpher.Finally,wereachedthebusstopandshemadehercall.Wesaidourgoodbyesandshegavemeaheart-warmingmessagethatmademehappythewholeday.Eventoday,I___27___holdthatwarmfeelinginmyheart.Nowadays,astechnologyhasprogressedandchangedourworlddaybyday,there’salways___28___thatneverchanges.Ifyouhelpastrangerfindhisorherway,maybeyouwillalsogethelpfromanotherstrangersometimeinthefuturewhenyougetlostinastrangecity.Wemightloseourwaybutthereisalwaysawaytohelp.知识小结短文填空是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种题型。本专题内容的训练主要帮助同学们巩固积累词形变化考查热点，掌握短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空的解题方法，提高解题能力。如动词六变：●原形●变第三人称单数●过去式●现在分词●过去分词●不定式。

寒假作业13短文选词填空、短文汉语提示填空、短文语境提示填空短文填空得解题方法：1.选词填空第一步:解读方框中所给单词的词义和词性；第二步:分析句子结构中所缺的成份，缩小选择范围；第三步:从上下文来判断词义，从语法方面考虑词性和词形；第四步:通过代入法、翻译法检查所选单词是否符合语境。2.语境/汉语提示填空(1)快速浏览，了解大意（简单的空直接填出）；(2)上下求索，填出答案（填出正确形式）；(3)通读全文，检查确认（无提示词的空格填入虚词）。3.具体变化规律(1)名词四变：◆变形容词◆变复数◆变所有格◆变名词(2)代词三变：人称代词主格和宾格互变、形物代和名物代互变、人称代词和反身代词互变(3)数词四变：●变序数词●变次数词●变数词单位●变整十复数(4)形容词四变：◆变副词◆变比较级和最高级◆变名词◆变动词(5)动词六变：●原形●变第三人称单数●过去式●现在分词●过去分词●不定式(6)并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。(7)若是主从句，需填入从属连词what,which,who,how,when等。(8)名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。基础过关练一、短文选词填空。(A)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，每空一词。方框中有两个词为多余选项。includes,in,scientists,invention,among,watched,inventors,further,encouragingA15-year-oldstudentwhoinventedaflashlightgettingpowerfromtheholder’sbodyheatisgoinghometodayfromCaliforniawithabigprizeandachancetodo____1____research.AnnwastheonlyCanadian____2_____thefourwinnersatGoogle’sinternationalsciencecompetition.Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.Thecompetitionattractedthousandsofstudentsin120countries.Thousandsofyoung____3_____fromaroundtheworldtookpartinthecompetition.Winningthescienceandtechnologycompetitionwasa“surprise”.Annsaid,“Ithinkitwillhaveagreatinfluenceonmyfuture.”Annthankedherfamilyfor____4____herinterestinscienceandsaidthatherfirsttoywasaboxoftransistors(晶体管).Ann’sprize____5____$25,000anda“once-a-lifetimeexperience”fromGoogleforherHollowFlashlight,whichhasnomovingpartsorbatteries(电池).Theideaforthe____6____camefromseeingunwantedbatteriesandherfriend’sexperience.WhenAnnvisitedafriendinthePhilippines,shesawthefriendcouldn’tstudy,whenitbecamedarkbecausetherewasnoelectricityorlight.Shesawtheneedforaflashlightthathasnobatteries—HollowFlashlight.Inherproject,Annwrote,“Imadetwoflashlightsthatdonotuseanybatteriesorharmfulmaterials.Theydonotcreateanynoiseandwillalwayswork.Theflashlightneedsatleasta5℃temperaturedifferencebetweentheholder’sbodyandtheenvironmentaroundtoproducelight.”AvideoofAnnexplaininghowsheinventedtheflashlighthasbeen____7____morethan1.4milliontimesontheInternet.ThoughAnnwassuccessful,shehasnotmadeadecisionabouthercareerpath.Annhopesthatshecanfindawaytojoinherloveoffilmandsciencetogether.【答案】1．further2．among3．scientists4．encouraging5．includes6．invention7．watched【主旨】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一名15岁的加拿大学生发明了利用持有者的身体热量作为电源的手电筒。【详解】1．句意：一名15岁的学生发明了一种手电筒，可以从持有者的体温中获取能量，今天她将从加利福尼亚州带着一个大奖回家，并有机会做进一步的研究。根据research“调查”，可知此处需填一个形容词，结合选项可知，further“进一步的”符合题意。故填further。2．句意：安是谷歌国际科学竞赛四名获胜者中唯一的加拿大人。根据下文“Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.”可知一共选出四位获胜者，安是其中之一，among“在……中”符合题意。故填among。3．句意：来自世界各地的数千名年轻科学家参加了比赛。根据“Thousandsofyoung”可知此处需填一个名词的复数形式，结合选项可知只有scientists“科学家”和inventors“发明家”符合题意，再结合“Google’sinternationalsciencecompetition”可知，scientists更佳。故填scientists。4．句意：安感谢家人鼓励她对科学感兴趣，并说她的第一个玩具是一盒晶体管。thanksb.fordoingsth.“因为做某事感谢某人”，结合选项可知是encouraging“鼓励”。故填encouraging。5．句意：安的奖品包括25,000美元以及谷歌为她没有活动部件或电池的空心手电筒提供的“一生一次的体验”。分析语境可知句子缺少谓语动词，根据“$25,000anda‘once-a-lifetimeexperience’”可知是包括，结合选项可知，includes符合题意。故填includes。6．句意：这项发明的创意来自于看到不需要的电池和她朋友的经历。根据下文“WhenAnnvisitedafriend…HollowFlashlight.”详细讲述了安是如何想到发明这种手电筒的，可知这里说的是这项发明的创意。故填invention。7．句意：安解释她如何发明手电筒的视频在互联网上被观看了140多万次。根据“video”和“morethan1.4milliontimes”可知，视频已经被观看了140多万次。故填watched。（B）请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。they

although

three

discover

fail

direct

strange

complete

polite

where

thank

onThiswasmyfirstvisittotheairport.IknewIshouldgotothecheck-incounter（柜台）firstbutIdidn’tknow8_____itwas.Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp,but____9_____tomakemyselfunderstood.Hejustwalkedawayquickly.Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths,butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor10____.Howterrible!Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.Icouldfollow11_____totherightplace.Iwouldn’thavetosayaword.Ifinallyreachedtheelevator（电梯）.Oh,no!Therewasnotenoughspaceforme.Igot____12_____theelevatorwhenitreturnedandlookedatallthebuttons（按钮）.Whichonecoulditbe?IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe____13____floorandstopped.TearsfilledmyeyesasIsawtheempty（空的）hall.Justthenoneofthestaffmembersappeared.Hesaidhewasaguardthereandasked____14____ifIneededanyhelp.Thenheledmedownalonghallway.Wewalkedupsomestairs,turnedacorn,andfinallygottothecheck-incounter.WhenIturned___15____him,themanwasgone.____16_____Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname,Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp.IonlyhopethatonedayIcandothesameforanother_____17_____whohasthesameexperienceasme.【答案】8．where9．failed10．directions11．them12．on13．third14．politely15．tothank16．Although17．stranger【主旨】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场迷路，一位好心的工作人员帮助他找到了正确的地点。【详解】8．句意：我知道我应该先去办理登机手续的柜台，但我不知道它在哪里。根据“butIdidn’tknow”和“itwas”可知，此处为不知道它在哪里，表地点。where“哪里”符合语境。故填where。9．句意：我试着向一位路过的生意人寻求帮助，但是却无法清楚表达自己的意思。根据“Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp”，“but…”可知，我试着向一位路过的生意人寻求帮助，但是没有成功，fail“失败”符合语境，根据“tried”可知，句子为一般过去时，故空格处要用fail的过去式failed。故填failed。10．句意：我在这个国家已经好几个月了，但我甚至不记得怎么问路。根据“Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths”和“butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor…”可推测出，此处为问路，direct“径直的，直接的”可知，direct的名词为direction“方向”，“问路”的英文表达为askfordirections。故填directions。11．句意：可以跟着他们去正确的地方。根据“Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.”和“follow”可知，我想跟着他们走，“他们”此处应用人称代词宾格形式，they“他们”，其宾格形式为them。故填them。12．句意：电梯回来的时候，我上了电梯，看了看所有的按钮。根据“got”和“theelevator”可知，我上了电梯，“上电梯”要用geton，故填on。13．句意：电梯慢慢地爬上三楼，停了下来。根据“IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe…”和“floorandstop”可知，电梯到了三楼，空格处应用序数词“第三”，应用其序数词形式third。故填third。14．句意：他说他是这里的保安，然后礼貌地问我是否需要帮助。根据“Hesaidhewasaguardthereandask”可知，他说他是这里的保安，可推测出是礼貌地询问我，空格处要用副词“礼貌地”修饰动作“询问”，polite“礼貌的”，其副词形式为politely。故填politely。15．句意：当我转身感谢他时，他已经走了。根据“WhenIturned”和“themanwasgone”可推测出，转身是想感谢他，空格处应用动词不定式表目的，thank“谢谢”符合语境，故应用其不定式tothank。故填tothank。16．句意：虽然我将永远不会知道那个好心人的名字，但是我将会记得他的帮助。根据“Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname”和“Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp”可知，空格处为让步状语从句，结合备选词although“虽然”符合语境，此时其首字母a要大写。故填Although。17．句意：我只希望有一天能够为和我有同样经历的陌生人做同样的事。根据“Icandothesameforanother”和“whohasthesameexperienceasme”可知，空格处应用名词单数，且表示人，strange“陌生的”可知，其名词为stranger“陌生人”符合语境。故填stranger。二、短文汉语提示填空。Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonly__18___（令人惊奇的）butalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdangeraswellas___19___（成功）.Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation(辐射)isthegreatestdangertospacemen.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyarein___20__(危险)oftheradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.The___21____（伤害）oftheradiationwon’tbefounduntiltheirchildrenevengrandchildrenareborn.Some___22___（特别的）medicinemayworkalittle,butnoreallyeffectivemedicinehasbeenfoundsofar.Space___23____（垃圾）isalsothoughttobeagreatdangertospacemen.It’sreportedthattherewere9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%ofthesearesatellites,10%are___24____（太空飞船）,andtherestarespacerubbish.Anexplosion(爆炸)inspacein1999madeacloudof300,000fragments(碎片),eachatleast4mminsize.Asmallpieceoftheseevenknockedaspaceshipwindowand___25____（引起）somedamage（损坏）.Scientistsarewatchingandreportinganypossibledangerallthetime.Theyareworkingtodealwithspacerubbish.____26____（尽管）spaceisreallydangerous,itinterestsmanypeopleontheEarth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomepossibleforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceinafewyears.Soweshoulddosomethingtohelp___27___（提高）thespaceenvironment.【答案】18．amazing19．success20．danger21．harm22．special23．rubbish24．spaceships25．caused26．Although27．improve【主旨】本篇文章主要讲述了太空既令人向往又充满了危险，并在最后呼吁我们改善太空环境。【详解】18．句意：太空不仅令人惊喜，还充满危险。amazing令人惊奇的。根据句意，故填amazing。19．句意：然而在太空上工作，宇航员面临危险和成功。success成功。根据句意，故填success。20．句意：当宇航员在太空工作时，他们处于来自太阳和其他星球的辐射危险中。indangerof处于危险中。根据句意，故填danger。21．句意：辐射的伤害直到他们的孩子甚至孙子出生后才会发现。harm伤害，根据the+n.+of可知，故填harm。22．句意：一些特别的药物可能会起一点作用，但目前为止没有真正有效的药物。special特别的。根据句意，故填special。23．句意：太空垃圾也被认为对宇航员有重大的危险。rubbish垃圾，根据句意，故填rubbish。24．句意：他们中大约30%是卫星，10%是太空飞船，剩下的是太空垃圾。spaceship宇宙飞船，根据句意，故填spaceship。25．句意：甚至一小块就会敲打太空船的窗户并造成损失。cause造成。空前有and，与knocked并列，用过去时，故填caused。26．句意：虽然太空很危险，但它仍使地球上的人感兴趣。although尽管，根据句意，故填although。27．句意：所以我们应该做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境。improve改善。helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事。根据句意，故填improve。三、短文语境提示填空。根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Twentyyearsago,LarryDayboughtakiteforhimselfjustforfun.Fromthenon,heandhiswifeKayhavelovedkite-flying.Theyhavemanykitesandtravelaroundtoflythem.“I’matpeacewhenI’mflying.”saidLarry.Kite-flyinghasalong___28___.Thecustomofflyingapieceofclothhighintheskybeganmorethan2,000yearsagoinChina.Sincethen,kiteshavebeenusedtodoscientificexperiments,takepicturesfromtheairandsoon.Peoplecanflykites___29____orwithfriendsandfamily.Kitesattractpeoplewholiketocreateandthosewhoalwaystrytomakeimprovementstothings.NowLarrylikesmakinghisownkites.Hemakeskitesof___30____shapesandsizes.Healsolikestakinghisworkstopublicactivitiesandsharingthem___31____others.Flyingkitesneedsskills.Experiencemakesadifference,sodoestheweather.Sometimesthebestflyingconditionshappeninwinter.LarryandKayholdakitefestival—ColortheWind.____32___takesplaceeveryFebruaryonClearLakeinIowa.Thefestivaladds___33____tothewinterskyandgivespeopleareasontogooutside.Their13-year-oldsonalsolovestoflykiteswithpeopleofallages.Helikesthehappyfeelingsheexperiences___34____hiskiteflieshighinthesky.“ThereasonwhyIlovekite-flyingisthatyouhavetotrybutnotalways____35___.Thebestwaytolearnistogoout,andletyourkitefly.”saysLarry.【答案】28．history29．alone30．different31．with32．It33．something34．when35．succeed【主旨】本文是记叙文。短文描述了爱好放风筝的拉里·戴制作风筝、举办风筝节的故事。【详解】28．句意：放风筝有悠久的历史。根据后一句2,000年前，在中国，人们有把布放飞到空中的习俗，可知是有悠久的历史，故填history。29．句意：人们可以独自放风筝或者跟朋友及家人一起放。与跟他人一起放风筝相对的是独自放飞，故填alone。30．句意：他制作不同形状和大小的风筝。根据后面的可数名词shapes和sizes可知是不同的，故填different。31．句意：他还喜欢把作品带到公共活动场所和别人分享。短语sharesth.withsb.和某人分享，故填with。32．句意：风筝节在每年的二月在爱荷华州的克莱尔湖举办。这里指代上一句的ColortheWind节日，用代词It。故填It。33．句意：这个节日给冬天的天空增添了某种色彩气氛，给人们添加了外出的理由。在冬季放风筝，增添了某种彩色的东西，故填something。34．句意：他喜欢他的风筝在空中高高飞翔时的快乐感觉。结合句意可知要用when表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。35．句意：我喜欢风筝的原因是你不得不尝试，而不是一直成功。根据必须尝试，可知不是会一直成功，故填succeed。能力提升练一、短文选词填空。 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。carechancechangeeithereverybodygoodliveshakesmoothunlessuntilworthManypeoplehavetoldmetheyarenothappy.Theywantsomuch,buttheygettoolittle.Forfriendswhohavethisproblem,Ihavesomethingtoshare.Oneofmypatients,asuccessfulbusinessman,tellsmethatbeforehiscancer(癌症)hewouldbecomeupset____1____thingswentacertainway.Happinesswas“havingthecookie”.Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.Ifyoudidn’thavethecookie,lifewas____2____nothing.Unfortunately,thecookiekept____3____.Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.Ayearafterheknewhegotcancer,hesat____4____hisheadregretfully.“ItseemsthatIstoppedlearninghowtoliveafterIwasakid.WhenIgivemysonacookie,heishappy.IfItakethecookieawayoritbreaks,heisunhappy.ButheistwoandIamforty-three.Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.Forthispart,Idono____5____thanmyson.Youknow,youhavetogiveupalotofthingstotakecareofthecookie,tokeepitandbesurethat____6____takesitawayfromyou.Youmaynotevenget____7____toeatitbecauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit.Itseemsthatgettingthecookiesitselfstopsyou____8____bythegoddessoffortune,sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout.”Mypatientlaughsandsayscancerhaschangedhim.Forthefirsttimeheishappy.Nomatterifhisbusinessgoes____9____ornot.“Twoyearsago,canceraskedme,‘Whatisreallyimportant?’Well,lifeisimportant.Lifeanywayyoucanhaveit,lifewiththecookie,lifewithoutthecookie.Happinessdoesnothaveanythingtodowiththecookie.Ithastodowithbeing____10____.Oh,Iguesslifeisthecookie.”Friends,holdyourlifetight.Liveahappylife.【答案】1．unless2．worth3．changing4．shaking5．better6．nobody7．chances8．beingcared9．smoothly10．alive【主旨】本文通过一个癌症病人的例子告诉我们如何过上幸福的生活。【详解】1．句意：我的一位病人，一位成功的商人，告诉我，在他患癌症之前，如果事情没有确定下来，他会感到不安。根据“beforehiscancerhewouldbecomeupset”及备选词可知，是指如果事情没有确定下来他会感到不安，unless意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，故填unless。2．句意：如果你没有饼干，生命就没有任何价值。根据“Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.”及备选词可知，此处指没有饼干的生活一文不值，worth意为“值得的”，故填worth。3．句意：不幸的是，饼干一直在变。根据后文“Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.”及备选词可知，这里指饼干一直在变，change意为“改变”，keepdoingsth.意为“一直做某事”，故填changing。4．句意：知道自己得了癌症一年后，他坐在那里遗憾地摇着头。根据“…hisheadregretfully”及备选词可知，是指坐在那里遗憾地摇着头，shake意为“摇动”，此处是现在分词作状语，故填shaking。5．句意：在这方面，我做得并不比我儿子好。根据“Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.”及备选词可知，这里指我做得并不比我儿子好，nobetterthan意为“不比……好”，所以此处用good的比较级better，故填better。6．句意：你知道，你必须放弃很多东西来照顾饼干，保留它，并确保没有人从你身上拿走它。根据“…tokeepitandbesurethat…”及备选词可知，是指确保没有人从你身上拿走它，“没有人”为nobody，故填nobody。7．句意：你甚至可能没有机会吃它，因为你一直忙着尽量不失去它。根据“becauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit”及备选词可知，是指没有机会吃它，chance意为“机会”，结合语境应用复数形式chances，故填chances。8．句意：似乎得到饼干本身就阻止了你受到幸运女神的照顾，所以拥有饼干并不是生活的意义所在。根据“sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout”及备选词可知，这里指阻止了你受到幸运女神的照顾，car