2024高考英语一轮复习练习8单句语法填空+七选五+完形填空含解析新人教版

PAGE1-练习8单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅱ)1．________(follow)ourexample,theymaystarteatingvegetablesthemselves.2．Peoplewithdisabilitiesarenowdoingmanythings________(improve)thequalityoftheirlives.3．________(raise)inthepoorestarea,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.4．Theheavymetalpollutantscanalsoberecycled,________(make)theprocessevenmoreefficient.5．Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras________(return)toourshopforqualityproblems.6．Everyyear,thousandsofvisitorscometovisittheoldtemple7．EverysingleAmericanwillhavetheopportunity________(realize)hisorherfullestpotential.8．________(sign)upforadigitalTVserviceprovidesyouwithaccesstoover200channelsfromallovertheglobe.9．Itishard________(live)withthesetwowolvesinsideme,forbothofthemtry________(control)myspiritatthesametime.10．Thehealthserviceis________(locate)inthemainbuilding.Ⅱ.七选五2024·浙江探讨联盟期中说明文215词★★☆☆☆Doyoueverfeelunwillingtosubmityourworkunlessit'sabsolutelyperfect?__1__Or,doyouseeeverymistakeasahugefailureinsteadofanimportantlifelesson?Ifanyofthissoundsfamiliar,youmightbeaperfectionist.Perfectionismislikeanobsession.__2__Itcanalsonegativelyaffectyourhealth,creativityandworkingrelationships.Therearetwotypesofperfectionism:adaptiveperfectionismandmaladaptiveperfectionism.Adaptiveperfectionistsarealwaystryingtobuildtheirskillsandimprovethequalityoftheirwork.__3__Theyhitdeadlinesandtheyconstantlyimprovetheworktheydo.Maladaptiveperfectionists,ontheotherhand,areneverreallysatisfiedwiththeirachievements.__4__Becauseofthisandbecausetheydosomuchreworking,theycanspendaverylongtimedeliveringanyworkatall,meaningtheymissdeadlinesanddisappointthepeoplewhodependonthem.__5__Ifyouapproachyourworkthisway,thereareseveralthingsthatyoucandotochallengethesebehaviors,andcreateahealthieroutlook.Startbywritingdowneverythingyoudothatyouthinkneedstobeperfect.Next,thinkabouteachoftheseareascarefully.Onceyou'vedonethis,comeupwithonespecificwayyoucanchallengeeachbehavior.Ittakestimetoovercomemaladaptiveperfectionism,butitissurelyworthtrying.A．Doyourworkclotheshavetobeperfectlypressed?B．However,theyknowwhenthey'vedoneagoodjob.C．It'seasytoseethatmaladaptiveperfectionismisunproductiveandunhealthy.D．Doyousetgoalsforyourselfthataresohighthatyoucan'tpossiblymeetthem?E．Theyfeellikethey'relackinginsomewaysandthatmistakesareunacceptable.F．Itcanleadtostress,unhappiness,lowself­esteemanddecreasedperformance.G．Anditoccurswhenyouhaveself­defeatingthoughtsthatpushyoutoachieveunrealisticgoals.Ⅲ.完形填空名师原创题记叙文267词★★☆☆☆Bend,asmalltowninOregon,iscalled“mooncountry”.Beforetheastronautsever__1__ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend.WhenJimIrwincametoBendfor__2__，hemadefriendswithFloydWatson,a(n)__3__resident,whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity.Fiveyearslater,Irwinwas__4__fortheApollo15moonlanding—thefirstofthreelunarmissionsthat__5__puttingacaronthemoonanddrivingitaroundtherough__6__.WhenthenewsthathisoldfriendwouldgotothemooncametoWatson's__7__，hechoseapieceoflavarock(火山岩)nearDevil'sLake,and__8__itinpaper.ThenhepostedittoIrwinwithaletterwherehe__9__himandmadearequest.“Iamsendingyoua__10__pieceofCentralOregonlava,whichIhopeyouwillbeableto__11__tothemoonforme，”attheendofhisletterhe__12__.Offwenttheletter,andWatsonthought__13__ofit.Afewmonthslater,onJuly26,1971,Irwin__14__tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden.Afterlanding,Irwinspentthreedays__15__thesurfaceofthemoontogetherwithScottwhileWordenorbited__16__them.Andafewweeksaftertheir__17__，WatsongotanunexpectedletterfromIrwin.“Ididcarryyourpieceoflavatothemoonandleftitthere，”Irwinwrote—andenclosed(附上)a__18__ofit,withthesmallpieceofOregonlava__19__withanarrowandthewords“Oregonlavaonthemoon！”ForWatsontheletterandthepicturewere__20__.And,ofcourse,heneverlookedatthemoonthesamewayagain.1．A.didB．madeC．tookD．grasped2．A.adventureB．researchC．amusementD．practice3．A.localB．aggressiveC．giftedD．academic4．A.carriedoutB．pickedoutC．ruledoutD．checkedout5．A.involvedB．admittedC．riskedD．advocated6．A.streetB．rockC．roadD．surface7．A.senseB．rescueC．knowledgeD．assistance8．A.envelopedB．measuredC．designedD．transformed9．A.thankedB．welcomedC．congratulatedD．followed10．A.hugeB．valuableC．uniqueD．tiny11．A.flyB．deliverC．orbitD．float12．A.addedB．advisedC．remindedD．concluded13．A.muchB．highlyC．littleD．low14．A.escapedB．rushedC．wanderedD．journeyed15．A.spottingB．discoveringC．exploringD．touching16．A.aboveB．belowC．beyondD．under17．A.arrivalB．returnC．applicationD．campaign18．A.postcardB．drawingC．photoD．note19．A.equippedB．decoratedC．coveredD．marked20．A.reliableB．preciousC．permanentD．realistic黄金考点语法填空——副词、形容词考点14副词修饰谓语动词考例Atasteformeatis________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.[2024·全国卷Ⅱ]点拨修饰作谓语的系表结构，要用副词形式，故填actually。考点15副词修饰谓语动词、形容词考例Asthesmallboatmoved________(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.[2024·全国卷Ⅲ]点拨句意：当小船顺着江轻轻的移动时，群山在水中的缄默的倒影使他说不出话来。这里空处单词修饰as引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词moved。故填gently。考点16形容词作定语、表语考例AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal________(globe)fertilizerconsumption.[2024·全国卷Ⅱ]点拨中国占全球肥料消费总量的大约30%。作名词consumption的定语，应用其形容词形式global“全球的，全世界的”。练习8单句语法填空＋七选五＋完形填空Ⅰ.单句语法填空(非谓语动词Ⅱ)1．答案与解析：Following效仿我们的示例，他们自己可能起先吃蔬菜。分析句子结构可知，设空处前面无连词，所以逗号前的内容要作状语，设空处须要填非谓语动词。又因为设空处的动作与主句的主语they之间是主动关系，故用其动词­ing形式作状语。2．答案与解析：toimprove为了提高生活质量，残疾人现在做很多事情。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语aredoing，所以设空处只能是非谓语动词，又依据句子语境“做很多事情是为了提高生活质量”可知，设空处应当填动词不定式作目的状语。3．答案与解析：Raised因在最贫困的地区长大，他的球星之路漫长而艰辛。分词短语代替状语从句时，前后主语一样，而句子主语he与动词raise是逻辑上的被动关系，故用raise的过去分词形式。4．答案与解析：making重金属的污染物也可以被回收利用，从而使这一过程更加有效。依据语境，“使得过程更加有效”是前面提到的“回收利用”的必定结果，故用动词­ing形式作结果状语。5．答案与解析：returned厂商定期来回收因质量问题而被退回我们店的相机。return在此处作定语修饰cameras，cameras是return这一动作的承受者，故用return的过去分词形式。6．答案与解析：dating每年，数以千计的游客都来参观这座始建于9世纪的寺庙。come为本句的谓语动词，且设空处前无连词，故date应用非谓语动词形式。datefrom意为“起源于”，无被动形式，在此处作定语，故用动词­ing形式的dating。datefrom无被动形式，考查其非谓语动词的用法时，只能用现在分词的形式datingfrom。7．答案与解析：torealize每一个美国人都有实现自己最大潜能的机会。havetheopportunitytodosth.为固定搭配，意为“有做某事的机会”，故填torealize。8．答案与解析：Signing申请开通一项数字电视服务可让您能收看到来自全球的200多个频道。本句谓语动词为provides，且本句陈述详细的事实，故用动词­ing短语作主语。9．答案与解析：tolive；tocontrol我很难与内心里的这两只狼共处，因为它们两个同时都要来限制我的精神。第一空所在的句子为It作形式主语的句式，“It＋be动词＋adj.＋todosth.”为固定句型，故不定式短语作句子真正的主语；其次空想要表达“它们同时都要来限制我的精神”的意思，故用不定式作动词的宾语。10．答案与解析：located医疗服务机构在主楼。分析句子结构可知，本句已有系动词is，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且设空处在句中作表语，表示主语的状态，故用过去分词located。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了完备主义的两种形式：适应性完备主义和非适应性完备主义，以及它们各自的表现行为。1．答案与解析：D空前提到“Doyoueverfeel...perfect？”，而同时空后又是“Or，doyouseeeverymistake...lesson？”，此处须要填入同一结构的句子，故从A项和D项中选。上下文都是表示“行为方式”，都是完备主义者的一些表现，故选D项。而A项则是表示“工作服”，与语境不符，故解除。2．答案与解析：F空前提到了“Perfectionism”，故空处应当是对完备主义的一些阐释。从空后的“Itcanalsonegativelyaffectyourhealth,creativityandworkingrelationships”可知，空处也应讲解并描述完备主义给人们带来的不好的影响，这与F项中的“stress,unhappiness,lowself­esteemanddecreasedperformance”一样，故选F项。3．答案与解析：B依据空后的“Theyhitdeadlinesandtheyconstantlyimprovetheworktheydo”可知，适应性完备主义者虽然也追求完备，但是他们的表现是比较主动正面的，这与B项“However,theyknowwhenthey'vedoneagoodjob”一样，故选B项。4．答案与解析：E依据上文中的“neverreallysatisfiedwiththeirachievements”和下文中的“spendaverylongtimedeliveringanyworkatall,meaningtheymissdeadlinesanddisappointthepeoplewhodependonthem”可知，非适应性完备主义者对自己的成果从来不会真正满足，他们错过了最终期限，让信任他们的人悲观，而这与E项“Theyfeellikethey'relackinginsomewaysandthatmistakesareunacceptable”(他们觉得自己在某些方面有所欠缺，而失误是不行接受的)一样，故选E项。5．答案与解析：C上一段讲解并描述了非适应性完备主义者总是自我否定，让信任他们的人悲观，故可推断非适应性完备主义是低效和不健康的，依据空后的“Ifyouapproachyourworkthisway...healthieroutlook”可知，文章接下来介绍如何应对这种状况，故C项放在此处符合上下文的关联。从选项中的unhealthy和段落中的healthier也可以看出关联性。Ⅲ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，主题语境是人与自然。宇航员JimIrwin在美国俄勒冈州Bend小镇接受登月训练时，结交了一位当地好友FloydWatson。当Watson听说Irwin被选为“阿波罗15号”登月宇航员时，他希望好友把一小块取自Bend小镇湖边的火山岩放到月球上。Irwin的确把这块火山岩送上了月球，并拍照留念。1．答案与解析：B在宇航员胜利登上月球之前，他们在Bend接受训练。makeit为固定短语，意为“获得胜利”，符合句意。2．答案与解析：D依据上文中的“Beforetheastronautsever__1__ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend”及下文中的“Irwinwas__4__fortheApollo15moonlanding”“Irwin__14__tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden”可知，JimIrwin是一名宇航员，来到Bend接受登月训练的。practice意为“练习，训练”，符合句意。3．答案与解析：A依据下文中的“whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity”可以推断FloydWatson是当地(local)居民。4．答案与解析：B五年后，Irwin被选中执行“阿波罗15号”登月安排。pickout意为“细心选择”，符合句意。carryout“执行，实施”；ruleout“解除”；checkout“结账离开，核实”。5．答案与解析：A这是三次登月使命中第一次涉及把车子放到月球上，并在月球凹凸不平的表面上行驶。involve意为“涉及”，符合句意。6．答案与解析：D参见上题解析。surface“表面”。7．答案与解析