Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and Usage 课件高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册

Unit1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusageNon-restrictiverelativeclausesLearningobjectives:1.Identifytheuseofnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;2.Workouttherulesofnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;3.Usenon-restrictiverelativeclausestofinishthetasksofrewritingsentencesandtranslatingsentences.一、非限制性定语从句构成及定义：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(who

areworkinginthecity).+其他部分构成：先行词+，+关系词+其他部分IliveinNanjing,

（whichisabigcity.）IlikemyEnglishteacher,

（who

speaksgoodEnglish.）Ivisitmygrandparentsattheweekend,(when

Idonotgotoschool.)定义：非限制性定语从句对先行项进行补充说明,通常用逗号与主句隔开。Rule1:

Weoftenuseanon-restrictiverelativeclausetoadd_______(额外的）informationto

anoun,pronounornounphraseinthemainclauseorthemainclause.A_________（逗号）isusuallyusedtoseparatetheaddingclauseandthemainclause.extracomma非限制性定语从句与主句用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词或主句Workouttherulesonpage6.ExploringtherulesFindthesentenceswithnon-restrictiverelativeclausesinthearticle.ExploringtherulesTheseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whosewelfaredependsontourism.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Morenature-centredtouristattractions,wheremanandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,

whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.Readandcomparethesentenceswithwhich.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,

whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,

whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.非限制性定语从句中，可用which指代整个或部分主句Rule3:Wecanuse_________(which/who/where)inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawhole.which非限制性定语从句中，可用which指代整个或部分主句Workouttherulesonpage6.Exploringtherules关系词所指所作成分二、非限制性定语从句的关系词关系代词关系副词（充当成分）（不充当成分）whowhomwhichwhoseaswhenwhere指人主语指人宾语指代整个主句或主句的一部分主语/宾语指人或指物的定语＋名词指代整个主句或主句的一部分主语/宾语时间名词时间状语地点名词地点状语介词+which

(=at/in/···which)(=at/on/in/during/···which)Thisisthefarm

where

weworkedwhenwewereyoung.=onwhich

Ioftenthinkofthemoment

whenIfirstmether.=atwhich

Rule2:

Weusuallyintroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclausewitharelativepronounlikewho,whom,whichandwhoseorarelativeadverblikewhenandwhere.Therelativepronounandadverb________(can/cannot)beleftoutinanon-restrictiverelativeclause.cannot非限制性定语从句中不用that不用why,关系词不可省略Workouttherulesonpage6.ExploringtherulesThereareseveralreasons

why

theboysshouldbepunished.=forwhich

1.在非限制性定语从句中，whom、which前面可以加some/several/afew/many/more/most/allof等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。(指物：which;指人：whom)Ihavemanyfriends,_________________areexperts.我有许多朋友，其中一些是专家。Ihavebeentomanybigcities,__________haveleftadeepimpressiononme.我去过很多大城市，所有的都给我留下来深刻的印象。someofwhomallofwhich三、补充用法2.as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是整个主句或主句的一部分。as引导的从句可以置于主句前、主句中或主句后。as是关系词中唯一可以置于句首的关系词。

1.AsisknowntotheUnitedStates,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.美国人都知道，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。2.Heisabsorbedinwork,asheoftenwas.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。3.Taiwanis,

asyouknow,

aninseparablepartofChina.你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。as有以下常见的固定表达：asweallknow(asiswellknown)众所周知asoftenhappens正如经常发生的那样asweexpect(aswasexpected)正如我们预料的那样ascanbeseen看得出来ashasbeensaidabove如上所述asisoftenthecase像常规那样asis/wasreported正如报道的那样

(3)StPetersburg,_______isaverybeautifulcity,wasoncecalledLeningrad.(4)YesterdayImetLiPing,_____seemedtobeverybusy.(5)HecametotheUnitedStatesin1914,_____WorldWarⅠbrokeout.(6)Singapore,______Ihavelivedfortenyears,isadynamiccountrywithmanyaskyscraper.

whichwhowhenwhere(1)Beijing,______isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.(2)Hewaslateagain,______madetheteacherveryunhappy.whichwhichExercisesPracticemakesPerfect三部曲：1.划分主从句2.圈先行词

3.先行词带入从句e.g.MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people.Someofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.→MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.ApplyingtherulesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.P7B1

MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.

MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai,wheremygrandmawasborn.DrLuo,whoisanexpertinChinese