2024-2025学年广东省莞佛高三大联考（一模）英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省莞佛2024-2025学年高三大联考（一模）英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHowmuchwillitcosttoliveinOxford,ifyoustudyinthisworld-renowneduniversity?Thelowerandupperrangeoflikelylivingcostsfor2024-25isprovidedbelow.Thesecostsarebasedonasingle,full-timestudentwithnodependents,livinginOxford.Weprovidethecostspermonthandyoucanmultiplyupbythenumberofmonthsyouexpecttolivehere,sothatyouarefullyawareofandconsiderverycarefullythelikelylivingcostsassociatedwithyourchosencoursesofstudyatOxford.LikelylivingcostsFor1monthFor9monthsLowerrangeUpperrangeLowerrangeUpperrangeFood£300£470£2,700£4,230Accommodation£700£860£5,040£6,192Personalitems£180£305£1,620£2,745Socialactivities£40£90£360£810Studycosts£35£80£315£720Other£20£35£180£315Total£1,275£1,840£10,215£15,012Inordertoprovidetheselikelylivingcosts,theUniversityandtheOxfordStudentUnionhaveconductedarelevantsurveyamongexistingstudentsabouttheexpendituredata.Food:Threeordinarymealsoncampuseachday,diningoutnotcounted.Accommodation:Thefiguresaboveshowa20%discount,whichiscommonlyacceptedinOxford,ifthesameapartmentisrentedbythesamestudentfor9monthsandmoreinarow.Theyalsoincluderelatedbills(forexample,utilitiessuchaselectricityandheating).Studycosts:Thesearelikelycostsdirectlyrelatedtoyourstudies,suchastextbooks,stationery,printingandphotocopying,course-relatedequipmentandmaterials.Other:Thesearesmall,mixedcostswhichdonotfallundertheothercategoriesabove.Youmayneedtomakeadditionalbudgetforcostssuchastraveltoandfromfieldworkoutofthecity,orforinternationalstudentsthevisaandhealthcarecosts(seestudentvisawebpages),Thesecostsarenotincludedinthefiguresabove.1.Howdothedatacomeout?A.They’reestimatedbytheauthority.B.They’reprovidedbythegraduates.C.They’rebasedonthecostsoflastterm.D.They’recollectedfromcurrentstudents.2.HowmuchdoesanOxfordstudentspendatleastonaccommodationforayear?A.£6,192 B.£7,140 C.£6,720 D.£8,4003.Whatisthepurposeofthesurveymentioned?A.TodeterminetheaveragelivingexpensesinOxford.B.Tocollectexpendituredatafromexistingstudents.C.Toestablishthelikelylivingcostsfortheyear.D.Tocomparethelivingcostsinotheruniversities【答案】1.D2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在牛津大学学习的生活成本，包括食物、住宿、个人物品、社交活动、学习成本和其他费用，并提供了一些可能的额外费用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据表格下文第一段“Inordertoprovidetheselikelylivingcosts,theUniversityandtheOxfordStudentUnionhaveconductedarelevantsurveyamongexistingstudentsabouttheexpendituredata.(为了提供这些可能的生活成本，牛津大学和牛津大学学生会在现有学生中进行了一项有关支出数据的相关调查。)”可知，这些数据是从当前在校生那里收集的。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章表格中的“Accommodation”一行以及“For1month”中的“Lowerrange”一列所呈现的费用数字可知，一个月中最少得住宿费用是£700；根据文章倒数第四段“Accommodation:Thefiguresaboveshowa20%discount,whichiscommonlyacceptedinOxford,ifthesameapartmentisrentedbythesamestudentfor9monthsandmoreinarow.Theyalsoincluderelatedbills(forexample,utilitiessuchaselectricityandheating).).(住宿：上面的数字显示了20%的折扣，这在牛津是普遍接受的，如果同一套公寓被同一个学生连续租用9个月或更长时间。它们还包括相关的账单，例如，电费和暖气等公用事业费用)。”可知，如果同一学生连续9个月或更长时间租用同一公寓可以获得20%的折扣；由此可知，牛津大学学生一年的住宿费至少要花6,720英镑(£700*12-£700*12*20%=£6720)。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“HowmuchwillitcosttoliveinOxford,ifyoustudyinthisworld-renowneduniversity?Thelowerandupperrangeoflikelylivingcostsfor2024-25isprovidedbelow.Thesecostsarebasedonasingle,full-timestudentwithnodependents,livinginOxford.Weprovidethecostspermonthandyoucanmultiplyupbythenumberofmonthsyouexpecttolivehere,sothatyouarefullyawareofandconsiderverycarefullythelikelylivingcostsassociatedwithyourchosencoursesofstudyatOxford.(如果你在牛津这所世界著名的大学学习，住在这里要花多少钱？下面列出了2024-2025年可能生活费用的上下限。这些费用是根据住在牛津的单身全日制学生计算的，没有家属。我们提供每月的费用，你可以乘以你预计在这里生活的月数，这样你就能充分了解并仔细考虑你在牛津大学选择的课程可能带来的生活费用。)”可知，调查的目的是确定这一年可能的生活费用。故选C。BThereisanembroidered(刺绣的)sayingthathashungonthewallinmyparents’house,declaring“Ihopemychildrenlookbackontodayandseeaparentwhohadtimetoplay.Therewillbeyearsforcleaningandcooking,butchildrengrowupwhenwe’renotlooking.”Thesayingmademeuneasyasaparent,particularlyduringtheyearIturned38withmyownthreedaughters,sinceIcouldbebothawareofthefuture—whenmychildrenwillleave-andyetunabletoappreciateeverysinglemoment.Parentsadmitthattheyarenotalwayslooking.Yetthemotherintheembroideryisfullypresentwithherchildren.Shehasleftthehouseworkathomeandcomeoutheretobewithherthreechildren,whoarethrowingredandgoldleavesather,likethephotomyfathertookforusonaweekendouting.Allofusarelaughingheartily.Mymothersaidshesewedtheembroiderybecausesheembracedthephilosophyandspenttimeplayingwithherchildren.YetIremembermymotherdrivingmetothemall,themovies,thefriends’housesbutIstruggletorememberherplayingwithme.Ioncetookmyyoungchildrentothelibrarystorytimes,tothechildren’smuseumandIdutifullyfollowedthemaround.However,theyrecallnoneofit.AllthoseyearsIinvestedinmakingmychildrenfeellovedandnoneofthememorieshavestayedwiththem.Thenthereareyearsforcleaningandcooking,andIdonotalwayshavetimetoplay.Cleaningandcookingispartofbeingaparent,partofcaretaking,partofhowIshowlove.Iremembermymothercleaningandcooking.WhenIthinkofallthemealsshemadeforusandourclothesshewashed,Iknowthat’samother’slovelanguage.Isupposethatiswhytheembroideryexists.Theembroideredsayingisamother’sloveforherchildren,whichisalwayslooking.4.Whydidthesayingonthewalldisturbtheauthor?A.Herchildrenwerereadytoleaveher.B.Shewasremindedofherchildhood.C.Hermotherwasn’tsatisfiedwithher.D.Shewasn’talwayswithherchildren.5.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Hermother’sfalsememory. B.Thetimewastedonthechildren.C.Herregretsaboutherlife. D.Amother’sunremembereddevotion.6.Howdoestheauthorviewcleaningandcookingasamother?A.Awaytoexpressherloveandcareforherfamily.B.Necessarytasksthatshewishesshecouldavoid.C.Burdensthattakeawayfromtimewithherchildren.D.Asourceofhappymemoriesfromherchildhood.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthistext?A.SheIsAlwaysLooking B.AnInspiringSayingC.WeArePlayingTogether D.AnUnforgettableOuting【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.A【语篇解读】文章是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者从自己的母亲身上和自己作为一名母亲的角度感受到了母亲的爱的语言。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thereisanembroidered(刺绣的)sayingthathashungonthewallinmyparents’house,declaring“Ihopemychildrenlookbackontodayandseeaparentwhohadtimetoplay”.(在我父母家的墙上挂着一句刺绣的谚语，“我希望我的孩子回顾今天，看到一个有时间玩耍的父母。”)”以及文章第二段“Thesayingmademeuneasyasaparent,particularlyduringtheyearIturned38withmyownthreedaughters,sinceIcouldbebothawareofthefuture—whenmychildrenwillleave-andyetunabletoappreciateeverysinglemoment.(这句话让身为父母的我感到不安，尤其是在我满38岁、有三个女儿的那一年，因为我既能意识到未来——我的孩子们什么时候会离开——又不能珍惜每一刻)”可知，因为作者能意识到自己的孩子们会离开却又不能珍惜每一刻，即作者并不总是和孩子们在一起。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“YetIremembermymotherdrivingmetothemall,themovies,thefriends’housesbutIstruggletorememberherplayingwithme.Ioncetookmyyoungchildrentothelibrarystorytimes,tothechildren’smuseumandIdutifullyfollowedthemaround.However,theyrecallnoneofit.AllthoseyearsIinvestedinmakingmychildrenfeellovedandnoneofthememorieshavestayedwiththem.(我记得妈妈开车带我去购物中心、看电影、朋友家，但我很难记得她和我一起玩。我曾经带着年幼的孩子去图书馆看故事，去儿童博物馆，我尽职尽责地跟着他们。然而，他们什么也记不起来。这么多年来，我一直在努力让我的孩子感受到被爱，但这些记忆没有一个留在他们身边)”可知，母亲的奉献都被孩子们遗忘了。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Cleaningandcookingispartofbeingaparent,partofcaretaking,partofhowIshowlove.Iremembermymothercleaningandcooking.WhenIthinkofallthemealsshemadeforusandourclothesshewashed,Iknowthat’samother’slovelanguage.(打扫卫生和做饭是为人父母的一部分，是照顾孩子的一部分，是我表达爱的一部分。我记得我妈妈打扫和做饭。当我想到她为我们做饭，为我们洗衣服时，我知道这是母亲爱的语言)”可知，作者认为清洁和做饭是母亲表达对家庭的爱和关心的一种方式。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Thereisanembroidered(刺绣的)sayingthathashungonthewallinmyparents’house,declaringIhopemychildrenlookbackontodayandseeaparentwhohadtimetoplay.(在我父母家的墙上挂着一句刺绣的谚语，“我希望我的孩子回顾今天，看到一个有时间玩耍的父母。”)”和文章最后一段“Isupposethatiswhytheembroideryexists.Theembroideredsayingisamother’sloveforherchildren,whichisalwayslooking.(我想这就是刺绣存在的原因。绣着的这句话是母亲对孩子的爱，永远在看)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者对妈妈的爱的领悟，A项：SheIsAlwaysLooking(她一直在关注)合乎题意。故选A。CEverlookedatthedirtysmogcausedbyairpollutionandthought,“Hey,thiscouldbeart?”Soundssilly,right?ButwithAir-Ink,thesillyisbecomingareality,inaprocessthatturnsairpollutionintoink.AnirudhSharma,thenagraduatestudentofMIT,noticedawallblackenedbycarexhaustduringhisstudiesonatriptoIndiain2012.Hesawpotentialinthepollution.SohebeganworkingontheideawithhiscolleaguesandsetupGravikyLabs.“Ourgoalistocollectandtransformthetinyparticulatematter,knownasPM2.5whichresultsfromburningfuels,intohighgradeinksthateveryonecanuseandexpressthemselveswiththroughartorwriting.”ThetrialanderrorofattachingequipmenttocarsforcollectingPM2.5ledtotheinventionofKAALINK,asmalldevicethatcanbefixedtoexhaustpipes(排气管).Thisdevicecancollect95percentofPM2.5intheexhaustwithoutanynegativeeffectonengineperformance.Thentheparticulatematterispurified,groundtoastandardsize,andliquefied(液化)inaGravikyLabsprocess.Theresultisaheavilycolored,free-flowing“Air-Ink,”whichcanbeloadedintoourdailyusedpensandprinters.TheAir-Inkideahasbeenattractingincreasingpublicattention.AnumberofIndiancompanieshavecontactedGravikyLabstodealwithPM2.5thatotherwisecouldendupinariverorreachourlungs.Singapore-basedTigerBeerpartneredwithGravikyLabsforanartcampaign,makingAir-InkavailabletoartistsinmorecitiessuchasHongKong,BerlinandLondon.Since2016,GravikyLabshascleaned1.6trillionlitersofairandproducedmorethan1,200litersofAir-Ink.Withmoredoubtstobeatandsupporttowin,andmoreAir-Inkavailableinmarket,Sharmaandhiscolleaguewouldbeabletobreathealittleeasier.Andsowouldwe.8.WhatdidAnirudhSharmaintendtodo?A.Toentertheartfield. B.Tobeagreatinventor.C.Toapplypollutedair. D.Tostopburningfuels.9.WhatisthefunctionofKAALINK?A.ItliquefiesPM2.5intheair. B.Itprovidescarswithpower.C.ItarrestsPM2.5inexhaust. D.Itprotectsthecarengine.10.WhydoestheauthormentionTigerBeerinparagraph4?A.Topresentanexample. B.Tobeatadoubt.C.Tostresstheopinion. D.Toeasethetone.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.SmarterCarbonFootprints,EasierBreathCareB.MoreAir-InkonPages,LessPollutionintheAirC.BraverTrialsinInk,StrongerExpressionsinArtD.MoreHigh-techSupport,FewerPrintingBarriers【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了AnirudhSharma利用污染空气发明了一种空气墨水，可以将空气污染转化为墨水。文章介绍了开发的经过以及公众对此的反应。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ButwithAir-Ink,thesillyisbecomingareality,inaprocessthatturnsairpollutionintoink.(但有了“空气墨水”，这一愚蠢的想法正在成为现实，它将空气污染转化为墨水)”以及第二段““Ourgoalistocollectandtransformthetinyparticulatematter,knownasPM2.5whichresultsfromburningfuels,intohighgradeinksthateveryonecanuseandexpressthemselveswiththroughartorwriting.(我们的目标是收集和转化燃料燃烧产生的微小颗粒物PM2.5，将其转化为高级墨水，每个人都可以使用，并通过艺术或写作来表达自己)”可知，AnirudhSharma打算使用污染空气。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThetrialanderrorofattachingequipmenttocarsforcollectingPM2.5ledtotheinventionofKAALINK,asmalldevicethatcanbefixedtoexhaustpipes(排气管).Thisdevicecancollect95percentofPM2.5intheexhaustwithoutanynegativeeffectonengineperformance.(将收集PM2.5的设备安装在汽车上的试验和错误导致了KAALINK的发明，这是一种可以固定在排气管上的小型设备。该装置可以收集排气中95%的PM2.5，而不会对发动机性能产生任何负面影响)”可知，KAALINK的功能是收集尾气中的PM2.5。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“TheAir-Inkideahasbeenattractingincreasingpublicattention.AnumberofIndiancompanieshavecontactedGravikyLabstodealwithPM2.5thatotherwisecouldendupinariverorreachourlungs.Singapore-basedTigerBeerpartneredwithGravikyLabsforanartcampaign,makingAir-InkavailabletoartistsinmorecitiessuchasHongKong,BerlinandLondon.(“空气墨水”的想法吸引了越来越多的公众关注。许多印度公司已经联系了重力实验室来处理PM2.5，否则它们可能会进入河流或进入我们的肺部。总部位于新加坡的TigerBeer与gravityLabs合作开展了一项艺术活动，让香港、柏林和伦敦等更多城市的艺术家可以使用Air-Ink)”可推知，作者在第4段提到了TigerBeer是为了举个例子。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ButwithAir-Ink,thesillyisbecomingareality,inaprocessthatturnsairpollutionintoink.(但有了“空气墨水”，这一愚蠢的想法正在成为现实，它将空气污染转化为墨水)”结合文章主要说明了AnirudhSharma利用污染空气发明了一种空气墨水，可以将空气污染转化为墨水。文章介绍了开发的经过以及公众对此的反应。可知，B选项“纸上的空气墨水越多，空气中的污染就越少”最符合文章标题。故选B。DNilecrocodilesareuniquelysensitivetothecriesofpainfulprimate(灵长类)babies,accordingtoanewstudy—andthemoreanxiousthecry,themoreinterestedtheybecome.Tomakethefind,NicolasGrimault,ascientistattheUniversityofLyon,andhiscolleaguesvisitedazooinMorocco,whichhousesmorethan300Nilecrocodiles.Theresearcherssetuploudspeakersalongsidefourpondswhere,ateach,asmanyas25crocodilessunbathedonredrocks.Thespeakersplayedaseriesofcriesexpressingvaryinglevelsofpainfromprimatebabies.Thecrieswererecordedindifferentsituationstofindoutwhichaspectsofthevoicesinterestthecrocsmost.Manyofthecrocs,maleandfemale,respondedtothecriesbysuddenlyturningtheirheads,seekingoutthesourceofthesound,rapidlyapproachingtheloudspeakerandsometimesevenbitingit.Oneindividualevenshowedprotectivebehaviorbypositioninginfrontofthespeakerasiftodefenditfromothers.Interestingly,theirresponsedependedonthecharacteristicsofthecriestheyheard:crocsweremorelikelytoreacttorecordingswithacoustic(声音的)featurescloselyrelatedtoveryupsetbabies,suchassuddenchangesanddisharmonyinfrequency,smoothnessandtones.Whentheresearchersaskedhumanvolunteers,allofwhomhadexperiencewithhumanbabies,tolistentothesamerecordedcriesandestimatethelevelofpain,theparticipantsuseddifferentfeaturesthanthecrocsdidtoevaluatethesounds,basingtheirdecisionslargelyonthepitchofthecries—howhighorlowasoundis.Butitvariesamongindividualsandacrossspecies.Thatmakesitlessreliableandaccuratethanthealternativeacousticcluespickeduponbycrocodiles.Thefindingsofthestudyraisethepossibilitythatemotionmaybecommunicatedacrossspecieslinesinmorewaysthanscientiststhought.AsGrimaultputsit,“Ifcrocscandoit,probablymanyotheranimalscandoit,too.”12.Whyarethecriescollectedfromdifferentsituationsplayed?A.Todiscoverwhichcrocodilesaresmart. B.Toidentifywhatappealstocrocodiles.C.Todevelophowtoprotectcrocodiles. D.Torecordwhencrocodilesinteract.13.Howdomostofthecrocodilesrespondtobaby’cries?A.Guardingthespeakers. B.Sunbathingontherocks.C.Attackingothercrocodiles. D.Movingtowardsthesound.14.Whichofthefollowingbelongsto“alternativeacousticclues”inparagraph3?A.Thevolumeofsound. B.Thesourceofthecries.C.Theevennessoftone. D.Thepitchofthevoice.15.WhichstatementwouldGrimaultprobablyagreewith?A.Humansaresensitivetovoicesofotherspecies.B.Emotionsmaybesharedbeyondspeciesborders.C.Crocstendtobefriendlytobabiesofanyspecies.D.Cross-speciescommunicationisanunfadingskill.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现尼罗鳄对灵长类动物幼崽痛苦的哭声特别敏感——哭声越焦虑，它们就越感兴趣。介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究的发现提出了一种可能性，即情感可能以比科学家想象的更多的方式跨物种交流。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thespeakersplayedaseriesofcriesexpressingvaryinglevelsofpainfromprimatebabies.Thecrieswererecordedindifferentsituationstofindoutwhichaspectsofthevoicesinterestthecrocsmost.(演讲者播放了一系列灵长类动物婴儿的哭声，表达了不同程度的疼痛。研究人员记录了不同情况下的叫声，以找出鳄鱼最感兴趣的声音的哪个方面)”可知，播放不同情况下的哭声是为了确定什么会吸引鳄鱼。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Manyofthecrocs,maleandfemale,respondedtothecriesbysuddenlyturningtheirheads,seekingoutthesourceofthesound,rapidlyapproachingtheloudspeakerandsometimesevenbitingit.(许多鳄鱼，无论雄性还是雌性，都会突然转过头来寻找声音的来源，迅速靠近扬声器，有时甚至会咬它)”可知，大多数鳄鱼对婴儿的哭声的反应是向声音移动。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Interestingly,theirresponsedependedonthecharacteristicsofthecriestheyheard:crocsweremorelikelytoreacttorecordingswithacoustic(声音的)featurescloselyrelatedtoveryupsetbabies,suchassuddenchangesanddisharmonyinfrequency,smoothnessandtones.(有趣的是，它们的反应取决于它们听到的哭声的特征：鳄鱼更有可能对与非常不安的婴儿密切相关的声学特征的录音做出反应，比如频率、平滑度和音调的突然变化和不和谐)”以及第三段“Whentheresearchersaskedhumanvolunteers,allofwhomhadexperiencewithhumanbabies,tolistentothesamerecordedcriesandestimatethelevelofpain,theparticipantsuseddifferentfeaturesthanthecrocsdidtoevaluatethesounds,basingtheirdecisionslargelyonthepitchofthecries—howhighorlowasoundis.(当研究人员要求人类志愿者（他们都有过照顾人类婴儿的经验）听同样的哭声录音并估计疼痛程度时，参与者使用了与鳄鱼不同的特征来评估声音，他们的决定主要基于哭声的音高——声音的高低)”以及“Thatmakesitlessreliableandaccuratethanthealternativeacousticcluespickeduponbycrocodiles.(这使得它的可靠性和准确性不如鳄鱼捕捉到的其他声音线索)”可推知，鳄鱼捕捉到的线索属于其他声音线索，因此推断语调的均匀属于“其他声音线索”。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thefindingsofthestudyraisethepossibilitythatemotionmaybecommunicatedacrossspecieslinesinmorewaysthanscientiststhought.AsGrimaultputsit,“Ifcrocscandoit,probablymanyotheranimalscandoit,too.”(这项研究的发现提出了一种可能性，即情感可能以比科学家想象的更多的方式跨物种交流。正如格里诺所说，“如果鳄鱼能做到这一点，可能许多其他动物也能做到。”)”可知，Grimault认为情感可以跨越物种边界。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Olympicmedalsareamongthemostrespectedhonorsinthesportingworld,symbolizingnotonlyathleticvictory,butalsotherichhistory,finecraftsmanship,andlongstandingtraditionsoftheGames.____16____Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?Originally,Olympicwinnersin776BCEwerehonoredwitholivewreaths(橄榄花环)ratherthanmedals.Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.____17____Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.____18____Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver,andbronzemedalsconsistof95%copperand5%zinc(锌).Thismixtureensuresthemedals’longevityandmakesthemcheaper.AnOlympicgoldmedalmaybeworthover£500,butitsvaluetoathletesgoesbeyonditsfinancialworth.____19____Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.FortheParis2024Olympics,themedalsareparticularlydistinctive.Eachfeaturesahexagon(六边形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother.____20____AsThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,stated,“ThesemedalsofferathletesaphysicalpieceofParistotakehome.”A.Puregoldissoftandeasilydamaged.B.Whenwerethesemedalsfirstintroduced?C.Whoisresponsiblefordesigningthemedals?D.Silvermedals,bycontrast,liveuptotheirnames.E.Withthesesymbols,theyhonorthehistoryoftheOlympics.F.Uniquetothisyear,themedalsusemetalfromtheEiffelTower.G.Thedesignofmedalsreflectsthehostcity’sdistinctstyleandvalues.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了奥运会奖牌的历史、材质以及2024届伦敦奥运会奖牌的特点。【16题详解】根据空后“Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?(它们是用金、银和青铜制成的吗？是什么让2024年巴黎奥运会的奖牌与众不同？)”可知，后文提出了与奥运奖牌相关的问题，故此空应与后文排比，同样设问，且根据文章第二段内容“Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.(奖牌的概念首先出现在1896年雅典奥运会。)”可知，文章第二段在解释此空提出的问题，故B项“这些奖牌于什么时候首次引入的呢？”符合，故选B项。【17题详解】根据空前“However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.(然而，自1912年后，不再颁发纯金牌。)”和空后“Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.(结果，后来国际奥委会更新了关于金牌成分和设计的规则。)”可知，空前提到不再颁发纯金牌，空后又提出了关于金牌成分和设计规则的改变，故A项“纯金很软，容易损坏。”符合，承接前文不再颁发纯金牌的原因，又引出空后修改金牌的成分和设计的规则，故选A项。【18题详解】根据空前“Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.(现代金牌主要由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成。)”可知，空前解释了金牌的成分，且根据空后“Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver(它们含有至少92.5%的纯银。)”可知，空后提出了银的成分，故D项“相比之下，银牌是名副其实的。”符合，与前文构成对比，金牌由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成，相比之下，银牌是名副其实的，它们含有至少92.5%的纯银，且空后的They指代D项中的Silvermedals，故选D项。【19题详解】根据空后“Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.(例如，2012年伦敦奥运会奖牌以泰晤士河和伦敦天际线为特色。2016年里约热内卢奥运会通过使用剩余的镜子和X光片来关注可持续发展。2020年东京奥运会奖牌由回收电子产品制成，强调技术创新。)”可知，空后举例说明了每届奥运会奖牌的不同的设计，故G项“奖牌的设计反映了主办城市的风格和价值观”符合，位于本段句首，主题句，引出后文，故选G项。【20题详解】根据空前“Eachfeaturesahexagon(六边形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother.(每枚奖牌都是六边形的，一边印有巴黎2024的标志，另一边印有希腊胜利女神耐克站在埃菲尔铁塔前的形象。)”可知，空前提到了伦敦奥运会的奖牌，故此空F项“今年的独特之处在于，奖牌使用的金属来自埃菲尔铁塔”符合，进一步介绍巴黎2024年奥运会奖牌的特点，故选F项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasthrilledtocoveranewexpeditiontoQomolangmaasajournalist.However,asIgotoffthevehicleatthebasecamp,Iwasimmediately____21____bydizzinessandshortnessofbreath—____22____ofmountainsickness.Eventheactoftakingafewstepsdemandedanextraordinaryamountof____23____.Atthatmoment,aquestion____24____withinme:WhydopeoplekeepclimbingMountQomolangma?Whenaskedthisquestion,BritishmountaineerGeorgeMallorygavehisfamous____25____:“Becauseit’sthere.”Malloryremindedmeofcountlessclimberswhohaveputtheirlivesatriskto____26____themountain’stoweringheightwiththeirownfootsteps.Theyencounteranalmostvertical(垂直的)wallclosetothetop.Itissodifficulttofind____27____pointsforclimbingthattheearliestclimbersthoughtnoonecould____28____thewall.In1960,LiuLianman,aChineseclimber,lethisteammates____29____onhisshoulderstocrossthewall.Already____30____,hegatheredallhisstrengthtouplifthisteammates.Thoughhis____31____didnotappearonthelistofthosewhoreachedthetop,Liuisundoubtedlyatrue____32____.IrecalledtheinterviewwithDongHongjuan,thefirstwomantoconquer(征服)14mountainsabove8,000meters,who____33____understandshowsmallhumansarecomparedto____34____.Shetoldme:“IneverfeltIconqueredthosemountains;it’sjustthatthemountains____35____me.”21.A.drawn B.found C.taught D.struck22.A.signs B.types C.risks D.causes23.A.patience B.energy C.money D.practice24.A.ended B.arose C.response D.lay25.A.suggestion B.response C.conclusion D.guidance26.A.adjust B.cover C.confirm D.measure27.A.check B.view C.support D.rest28.A.getpast B.comeback C.takeback D.gothrough29.A.step B.fight C.cry D.work.30.A.disappointed B.terrified C.annoyed D.exhausted31.A.story B.act C.name D.failure32.A.champion B.hero C.talent D.friend33.A.hardly B.truly C.firstly D.slightly34.A.nature B.life C.time D.success35.A.protected B.discovered C.admired D.accepted【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.B25.B26.D27.C28.A29.A30.D31.C32.B33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己报道一次新的珠峰探险高原反应的经历引发了人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的探究。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我在大本营下车时，我立刻感到头晕和呼吸急促——这是高原反应的征兆。A.drawn画，吸引；B.found发现；C.taught教；D.struck（使）碰撞，被……所侵袭。根据上文“IwasthrilledtocoveranewexpeditiontoQomolangmaasajournalist.(作为一名记者，我很激动能报道一次新的珠峰探险。)”以及后文“bydizzinessandshortnessofbreath(感到头晕和呼吸急促)”可知，作者立刻被头晕和呼吸急促侵袭——这是高原反应的征兆。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.signs迹象；符号；B.types类型；C.risks风险；D.causes起因。根据上文“dizzinessandshortnessofbreath(头晕和呼吸急促)”可知，这是作者出现高原反应的迹象。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使只是走几步也需要耗费大量的精力。A.patience耐心；B.energy精力，能量；C.money金钱；D.practice练习。根据“mountainsickness”可知，高原反应时走路是需要耗费精力的。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我心中产生了一个问题：为什么人们一直在攀登珠穆朗玛峰？A.ended结束；B.arose出现，引发；C.response反应，响应；D.lay位于。根据本句“WhydopeoplekeepclimbingMountQomolangma?(为什么人们一直在攀登珠穆朗玛峰)”可知，这个是作者的脑海中出现的问题。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及这个问题时，英国登山家乔治·马洛里给出了他著名的回答：“因为它在那里。”A.suggestion建议；B.response回应；C.conclusion总结；D.guidance引导。根据上文“WhydopeoplekeepclimbingMountQomolangma?(为什么人们一直在攀登珠穆朗玛峰)”以及本句““Becauseit’sthere.”(因为它在那里)”可知，这是作者的问题的回应。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：马洛里让我想起了无数的登山者，他们冒着生命危险，用自己的脚步测量这座山的高度。A.adjust调整；B.cover覆盖；C.confirm证实；D.measure测量。根据本句“themountain’stoweringheightwiththeirownfootsteps.”可知，无数的登山者用自己的脚步测量这座山的高度。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，以至于最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。A.check核对；B.view视作；C.support支持；D.rest休息。根据上句“Theyencounteranalmostvertical(垂直的)wallclosetothetop.(他们在靠近顶部的地方遇到了一堵几乎垂直的墙)”可知，他们遇到了一堵几乎垂直的墙，要找到攀岩的支撑点是非常困难的。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.getpast绕过障碍物，超越阻碍；B.comeback返回；C.takeback收回；D.gothrough通过。根据上句“Itissodifficulttofind_______pointsforclimbingthattheearliestclimbers”可知，因为要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，所以最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在1960年，刘连满，一个中国登山者，让他的队友踩在他的肩膀上越过墙。A.step踏，踩；B.fight斗争；C.cry哭泣；D.work工作。根据本句“onhisshoulders”可知，刘连满让他的队友踩在他的肩膀上越过墙。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然已经筋疲力尽，但他还是鼓起了所有的力量去鼓舞他的队友。A.disappointed失望的；B.terrified非常害怕的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据本句“hegatheredallhisstrengthtouplifthisteammates.(但他还是鼓起了所有的力量去鼓舞他的队友)”可知，他应尽所有的力量去鼓舞他的队友，可推知，他已经筋疲力尽。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的名字没有出现在那些登顶的人的名单上，刘无疑是一个真正的英雄。A.story故事；B.act行为；C.name名字；D.failure失败。根据本句“onthelistofthosewhoreachedthetop(在那些登顶的人的名单上)”可知，刘的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上。故选