2024年护理专业英语考试题库

1.Anursehasbeenworkingwithabatteredwomanwhoisbeingdischargedbyherhusband.Thenursesays,“Allthisworkwithherhasbeenuseless.She'sjustgoingbacktohimasusual.”whichofthefollowingstatementsbyanursingcolleaguewouldbemosthelpfultothisnurse?A."Herreasonsforstayingarecomplex.Shecanleaveonlywhensheisreadyandcanbesafe."B.“Iknowitisfrustratingtoworkwithclientswhodon'tfollowouradvice."C."Youdidyourbest.Youwillseeheragainandhaveanotherchance."D.“Thesewomenalmostneverleaveforgoodbecauseoftheiremotionalandfinancialdependency."正确答案:A解析：1.一名护士一直在和一名被丈夫出院的受虐妇女一起工作。护士说：“所有这些和她的工作都毫无用处。她只是像往常一样回到他身边。”以下护理同事的哪些陈述对这个护士最有帮助？A.“她留下来的理由很复杂。她只有在准备好并且能够安全后才能离开。”B.“我知道，与那些不听从我们建议的客户合作是令人沮丧的。”C."你已经尽力了。你会再见到她，还有一次机会。”D."这些女性，因为她们的情感和经济依赖，几乎从不永远离开。”答：A

2.Thenurseinacommunityhospitalhasbeennotifiedthata6-month-oldinfantisbeingadmittedfromtheemergencydepartmentwithdehydrationsecondarytoviralgastroenteritis.Whichofthefollowingroomassignmentsisthemostappropriateforthisinfant?A.Asemiprivateroomwithan8-year-oldchildwhohashadanappendectomy.B.Asemiprivateroomwithal0-year-oldchildwithaclosedheadinjury.C.Aprivateroom.D.Asemiprivateroomwitha4-year-oldchildwithleukemia.正确答案:C解析：2.一家社区医院的护士已得到通知，一名6个月大的婴儿因病毒性胃肠炎所致的脱水而从急诊科入院。以下哪一种房间作业最适合这个婴儿？A.一间8岁阑尾切除术的半私人房间。B.一间半私人房间，有一个10岁的孩子头部闭合受伤。C.私人房间。D.一间带有一名4岁白血病患儿的半私人房间。答案：C

3.Forwhichofthefollowingwouldthenursebeespeciallyalertwhencaringforatermneonatewhoweighed10poundsatbirth,1hourafteravaginaldelivery?A.Hyperglycemia.B.Hypercalcemia.C.Hypermagnesemia.D.Hyperbilirubinemia.正确答案:D解析：3.在照顾阴道分娩1小时后体重10磅的足月新生儿时，护士会特别警惕？A.高血糖。B.高钙血症。C.高镁血症。D.高胆红素血症。答案：D

4.Afemaleclientwithinfertilityrelatedtoanovulatorycyclesisprescribedmenotropins(Pergonal).Whichofthefollowing,ifstatedbytheclientasapossibleadverseeffectofthismedicationindicatessuccessfulteaching?A.Pulmonaryedema.B.Ovarianenlargement.C.Visualdisturbances.D.Breasttenderness.正确答案:B解析：4.与无排卵周期相关的女性不孕患者使用膜蛋白（妊娠）。如果客户声明该药物可能产生的副作用，以下哪一种表明教学成功？A.肺水肿。B.卵巢肿大。C.视觉干扰。D.乳房压痛。答：B

5.Afamilyhasbeennotifiedthattheirsonisbraindead,andthephysicianhasdiscussedthepossilbilityofdonatingorgans.ThenurseisawarethatthereferralsourcesresponsiblefororganrecoveryintheUnitedStatesaretheA.OrganandTissueProcurementOrganizations.B.AmericanTransplantAssociation.C.AmericanHospiceFoundation.D.AmericanAssociationofCriticalCareNurses.正确答案:A解析：一个家庭被告知他们的儿子已经脑死亡，医生也讨论了捐献器官的可能性。护士知道，在美国，负责器官恢复的转诊来源是A.器官和组织采购组织。B.美国移植协会。C.美国临终关怀基金会。D.美国重症监护护士协会。答：A

6.Thenurseisinvolvedinpreoperativeteachingwithaclientwhowillbeundergoingalungresection,Theclientistoldthattwochesttubeswillbeplacedduringsurgery.ThenurseexplainsthatthepurposeofthelowerchesttubeistoA.preventclots.B.removeair.C.removefluid.D.facilitatemilkingofthetubes.正确答案:C解析：6.护士参与术前教学，病人将接受肺切除术，客户被告知手术期间将放置两根胸管。护士解释说，下胸管的目的是为了A.防止凝块。B.清除空气。C.清除液体。D.便于管子的挤奶。答案：C

7.DepressioninanolderadultdiffersfromdepressioninayoungerpersonbecauseA.sadnessofmoodisusuallypresentbutitismaskedbyothersymptoms.B.impairmentofcognitionusuallyisnotpresent.C.psychosomatictendenciesdonottendtodominate.D.traditionalantidepressanttherapiesarelesseffective.正确答案:A解析：7.老年人的抑郁症不同于年轻人的抑郁症是因为A.情绪的悲伤通常存在的，但它被其他症状所掩盖。B.认知功能障碍通常不存在。C.心身倾向并不占主导地位。D.传统的抗抑郁疗法的效果较差。答：A

8.AprimaryconcernofthehospitaladolescentwouldbeA.respectfortheneedforprivacy.B.allowingfriendstovisitafterhours.C.wearingahospitalgown.D.thefearoflossofcontrolwheninpain.正确答案:D解析：8.医院青少年的一个主要关注点将是A.尊重对隐私的需要。B.允许朋友在下班后去拜访。C.穿着一件住在医院的礼服。D.对在疼痛时失去控制的恐惧。答案：D

9.A20-year-oldsingleparentbringsher3-year-oldsonintotheemergencydepartmentbecausehefell.Thechildhasbruisesonhisface,armsandlegs.Hismothersaysthatshedidnotwitnessthefall.Thenursesuspectschildabuse.Whileexaminingthechild,themothersays,“SometimesIguessIamprettyroughwithhim.IamaloneandIjustdon’tknowhowtomanagehim.”Thenursewouldanticipatereferringthemothertowhichofthefollowingtypesofprograms?A.Aprogramforsingleparents.B.Aparentingeducationprogram.C.Awoman'ssupportgroup.D.Asupportgroupforabusiveparents.正确答案:B解析：9.一位20岁的单亲妈妈把她3岁的儿子带进了急诊科。这孩子的脸上、胳膊和腿上都有瘀伤。他的母亲说她没有目睹这次坠落。护士怀疑是虐待儿童。在检查孩子时，母亲说：“有时候我想我对他很粗暴。我一个人，我只是不知道如何管理他。”护士会期待把母亲转介到以下哪一种类型的项目中？A.一个针对单亲父母的计划。B.一个育儿教育计划。C.一个妇女的支持小组。D.一个支持虐待性父母的支持小组。答：B

10.Themotherof2-year-oldchildwhohasbeenbittenbythefamilydogasksthenursewhattodoaboutthebite.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriaterecommendationtothismother?A.Youneedtotakethechildtothelocalurgentcarecenterimmediately.B.Washthebiteareawithlotsofrunningwaterandthenchecktheinjury..C.Determinewhenthechild'slatesttetanusvaccinewasadministered.D.Makeanappointmenttoseethechild'sphysiciannowtostartrabiesshots.正确答案:B解析：10.被家庭狗咬伤的两岁孩子的母亲问护士该如何处理。以下哪一个将是对这位母亲最合适的建议？A.你需要立即把孩子送到当地的急救中心。B.用大量的自来水清洗咬合区，然后检查受伤情况。C.确定何时接种该儿童最新的破伤风疫苗。D.现在预约看孩子的医生开始注射狂犬病。答：B

11.Patientwhohasdiabetesexperiencesweaknessandtremors.Whichofthefollowingactionswouldanursetakefirst?A.Obtainingaurinespecimenfromtheclient.B.Givingtheclientaconcentratedsourceofglucose.C.Checkingtheclient'smostrecentbloodglucoselevel.D.Administeringtheclient'sprndoseofinsulin.正确答案:C解析：糖尿病患者会出现虚弱和震颤。护士会先采取以下哪些行动？A.从病人那里获取尿液标本。B给客户提供一个浓缩的葡萄糖来源。C.检查客户最近的血糖水平。D.给予客户的prn剂量的胰岛素。

12.Anurseisgivinginstructionsabouttheuseofinhalantmedicationstoaclientwhohasasthma.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebytheclient,indicatesthattheclientunderstandstheinstructions?A."IwillusethesteroidinhaleronehourbeforeIusethebronchodilator."B.“IwillusethebronchodilatorbeforeIusethesteroidinhaler.”C.“Ineedtotakethesemedicationsonehouraftereachmeal.”D.“Ineedtoalternatethesequenceofinhaleradministrations.”正确答案:B解析：2.一名护士正在给患有哮喘的病人说明吸入剂药物的使用。以下哪项陈述，表明客户理解指令？A.“我会在使用支气管扩张剂前一小时使用类固醇吸入器。”B.“在我使用类固醇吸入器之前，我会使用支气管扩张器。”C."每饭一小时后我需要服用这些药物。”D."我需要交替使用吸入器的顺序。”答：B

13.Whichofthefollowinginstructionsshouldanurseincludeinthedischargeteachingforaclient,whohasbeendiagnosedwithhepatitisB?A."Avoidalcoholicbeverages."B."Consumeadietlowinfat."C."Stayinadarkenedroom"D."Takeacetaminophen(Tylenol)forheadache."正确答案:A解析：3.一名被诊断为乙型肝炎的病人在出院教学中应包括以下哪些说明？A.“避免酒精饮料。”B.“吃低脂肪的饮食。”C."呆在一个黑暗的房间里。”D."服用对热息痛氨基酚（泰诺）来治疗头痛。”答：A

14.Anurseteachespursed-lipbreathingtoaclientwhohaschronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD).Whichofthefollowingstatementindicatestheclientunderstandstheinstructions?A."Iwillmaintainasupinepositionduringtheexercises."B."Iwillalternatepositionsduringtheexercises."C."IwillexhalefortwiceaslongasIinhale."D."Iwillinhaleandexhalethroughmynose."正确答案:C解析：4.一名护士向患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的病人教授噘嘴呼吸。以下哪一项陈述表明客户理解这些指令？A.“我会在练习过程中保持仰卧位。”B.“我将在演习中交替位置。”C."我呼气的时间是我吸气的时间的两倍。”D."我会通过鼻子吸气和呼气。”答案：C

15.Whenaclienthasanepisodeofepistaxis,whichofthefollowingactionswouldanursetakefirst?A.Applyingicetothebackoftheclient'sneckB.Tippingtheclientbackwardandencourageswallowing.C.Determiningiftheclienthasahistoryofhypertension.D.Havingtheclientleanforwardandpinchthenose正确答案:D解析：当病人出现鼻出血时，护士会先采取以下哪些措施？A.在客户的脖子后面敷上冰B.向客户倒倒，鼓励吞咽。C.确定患者是否有高血压病史。D.让客户向前倾，捏捏鼻子答案：D

16.Whena12-year-oldchildhasadiagnosisofappendicitis,whichofthefollowingmanifestationswouldbemostimportantforthenursetofollow?A.Tympanictemperatureof101.2F(38.4℃)B.Absenceofstoolfor24hours.C.Nauseawhenexposedtofoododors.D.Cessationofabdominalpain.正确答案:D解析：当一个12岁的孩子被诊断为阑尾炎时，以下哪一种表现将是护士最重要的随访？A.鼓室温度为101.2华氏度（38.4℃）B.24小时无大便。C.暴露在食物的气味下会感到恶心。D.停止腹痛。答案：D

17.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebyaclientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaindicatestoanursethattheclientneedsadditionalinstructionregardinghaloperidol(Haldol)?A."IcanstopmymedicinewhenIdon'thearthevoicesanymore."B."I'lltakemycogentinifmyneckfeelsstiff."C."I'mgoingtoeatbrancerealeverymorning"D."IhavetowearahatwhenIgotothebeach."正确答案:A解析：如果诊断为精神分裂症的客户表明客户需要关于氟哌啶醇（氟哌啶醇）的额外指导？A.“当我再也没有听到这些声音时，我就可以停药了。”B.“如果我的脖子僵硬，我就拿我的认知。”C."我要每天早上都吃麦麸麦片。”D."我去海滩时必须戴上帽子。”答：A

18.Aclientwhohadallacutemyocardialinfarctioncomplainsofseveresub-sternalpain.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionswouldbemostappropriate?A.Administeringtheprescribedmorphine.B.Obtaininganelectrocardiogram.C.Encouragingslow,deepbreathing.D.Eliminatingenvironmentalstressors.正确答案:A解析：所有有急性心肌梗死的病人主诉严重的胸骨下疼痛。以下哪种护理干预措施最合适？A.使用规定的吗啡。B.获得一个心电图。C.鼓励缓慢、深的呼吸。D.消除环境压力源。答：A

19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsifmadebyaclientwhohasgastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD),wouldsupportanursingdiagnosisofknowledgedeficit?A.'I’llliedownfor30minutesaftermeals."B.'I’llrestrictspicyfoodsinmydiet."C."Ishouldsleepwiththeheadofthebedelevated."D."Ishoulddecreasemyintakeofcaffeine."正确答案:A解析：如果是由患有胃食管反流病（GERD）的患者提出的，以下哪些陈述将支持知识缺陷的护理诊断？A.“饭后我将躺下30分钟。”B.“我会限制我的饮食中的辛辣食物。”C."我应该抬起床头睡觉。”D."我应该减少咖啡因的摄入量。”答：A

20.Toreducetheriskoffetalneuraltubedefects,anursewouldaddwhichofthefollowingnutrientsupplementstothechild-bearingwoman'sdiet?A.Ferroussulfate(Feosol).B.Calciumcarbonate(Tums).C.Folicacid(Folvite).D.Ascorbicacid(VitaminC).正确答案:C解析：为了减少胎儿神经管缺陷的风险，护士会在育龄妇女的饮食中添加以下哪些营养补充剂？A.硫酸亚铁（Feosol）。B.碳酸钙（Tums）。C.叶酸（叶酸）。D.抗坏血酸（维生素C）。答案：C

21.Topromoteoptionalfunctioninapatientwhohasrheumatoidarthritis,whichofthefollowinginstructionsshouldanurseincludeintheclient'srehabilitationplan?A.Applyicetoaffectedjoints.B.Massagejointswheninflamed.C.Performdailyweight-bearingexercisesD.immobilizepainfuljoints.正确答案:C解析：1.为了促进类风湿性关节炎患者的可选功能，护士应该在客户的康复计划中包括以下哪些说明？A.在受影响的关节上敷上冰。B.当关节发炎时，可以按摩关节。C.进行日常的负重练习D.固定疼痛的关节。答案：C

22.Whichofthefollowingsafetymeasuresshouldanurseteachtoaclientwhoisreceivingtreatmentwithsodiumiodide1131(Iodotope)?A.Flushthetoilettwiceafterurinating.B.Weargloveswhilepreparingfood.C.Limitexposuretodirectsunlight.D.Disinfecteatingutensilsafteruse.正确答案:A解析：2.护士应该向正在接受碘化钠1131（碘多波图）治疗的客户传授以下哪些安全措施？A.小便后冲进马桶两次。B在准备食物时要戴上手套。C.限制暴露在阳光直射下。D.使用后消毒。答：A

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsifmadebyaclient,indicatesthattheclientunderstandstheprimarycauseofpepticulcerdisease?A."Aspicydietcontributestoulcerdevelopment."B."Seasonalchangesareassociatedwithulcerdisease."C.”Exeutivejobpositionspredisposepeopletoulcerformation.”D."Infectionwithhelicobacterpyloricausesulcers:'正确答案:D解析：3.以下客户所做的哪些陈述表明客户了解消化性溃疡疾病的主要原因？A.“辛辣的饮食会导致溃疡的发展。”B.“季节性的变化与溃疡疾病有关。”C."连续的工作岗位使人们更容易形成溃疡。”D."幽门螺杆菌感染会导致溃疡：”答案：D

24.Whichofthefollowingfoods,ifchosenbyaclientwhoistakingamonoamineoxidaseinhibitor(MAOl),indicatesthattheclientisfollowingtheprescribeddiet?A.Prunes.B.Agedcheese.C.Freshvegetables.D.Sausage.正确答案:C解析：4.如果一个正在服用单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOl）的客户选择了以下哪一种食物，则表明该客户正在遵循规定的饮食？A.修剪。B陈酿奶酪。C.新鲜蔬菜。D.香肠。答案：C

25.Aclientsaystothenurse,"Iwanttotellyousomething,butyoumustnottellanyoneelse."WhichofthefollowingresponsebythenurseisthemostappropriateA."I'mgladyoucantrustme."B."Ihavetorevealanythingthatwouldbeessentialtoyourtreatment."C."Thenurseandclienthaveaspecialrelationship."D."Iambondtokeepsecretbecauseofconfidentiality."正确答案:B解析：5.一位客户对护士说：“我想告诉你一些事，但你不能告诉其他人。”护士的下列哪一种反应是最合适的A.“我很高兴你能相信我。”B.“我必须透露任何对你的治疗至关重要的事情。”C."护士和病人有一种特殊的关系。”D."由于保密的原因，我必须保密。”答：B

26.Threehoursafterreceivingallinsulininjection(RegularInsulin),aclientisdiaphoretic.Whichofthefollowingactionsshouldthenursetakefirst?A.HelptheclienttoputonadrynightgownB.Asktheclientforaurinespecimen.C.Givetheclientaglassofjuicedrink.D.Instructtheclienttostayinbeduntilseenbythephysician.正确答案:C解析：6.在接受所有胰岛素注射（常规胰岛素）3小时后，病人出现透析。护士应该先采取以下哪些措施？A.帮客户穿上干睡衣B.向病人索要尿液样本。C.给客户一杯果汁饮料。D.指示病人躺在床上，直到由医生诊治。答案：C

27.Aclienthasjustbeenhospitalizedfortreatmentofnursecompulsivehandwashing.Thenurseshouldinterveneifstaffwhichmembersareseenbehavinginofthefollowingways?A.Talkingtooneanotherwithintheclient'sview.B.Changingtheclient'sroutine.C.Turingawayfromtheclient.D.Touchingtheclient.正确答案:B解析：7.一名病人刚刚住院治疗护士强迫性洗手。如果工作人员看到哪些成员有以下行为，护士应该进行干预？A.在客户的视野内相互交谈。B.更改客户端的例程。C.图灵远离客户。D.触摸客户端。答：B

28.AclientwhohasKaposi'ssarcomahasallofthefollowingnursingdiagnosis.Towhichoneshouldthenursegivepriority?A.Alteredthoughtprocessesrelatedtolesions.B.Alteredhealthmaintenancerelatedtononcompliance.C.Alterednutritionrelatedtoanorexialessthanbodyrequirements.D.Hopelessnessrelatedtoinabilitytocontroldiseaseprocess正确答案:D解析：8.一个患有卡波西肉瘤的病人有所有以下的护理诊断。护士应该优先考虑哪一个问题吗？A.与病变相关的思维过程的改变。B.与不合规相关的健康维护的改变。C.与厌食症相关的营养改变低于身体需求。D.绝望与无法控制疾病的过程有关答案：D

29.Aclientwhohaslowbackpainsaystoanurse,"Ifeelthepaindowntomyankle."Whichofthefollowingactionswouldthenursetakefirst?A.Teachmuscle'srelaxingexercises.B.Encouragefrequentrestperiods.C.Assesssensationofthelowerextremities.D.Administertheprescribedpainmedication正确答案:C解析：9.一位患有腰痛的病人对护士说：“我感到疼痛到脚踝。”护士会先采取以下哪些行动？A.教肌肉的放松练习。B.鼓励频繁的休息时间。C.评估对下肢的感觉。D.管理处方的止痛药答案：C

30.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebyaclientwhobadatotalhipreplacement,wouldindicatetoanursethatthedischargeteachinghasbeeneffective?A."Iwillneedtobuyanexercisebike."B."Icanbendtotiemyshoelaces."C."Icansitwithmylegscrossedattheknee."D."Iwillneedtomakemytoiletseathigher."正确答案:D解析：10.如果是一个做了全髋关节置换术的病人，以下哪些陈述会向护士表明出院教学是有效的？A.“我需要买一辆健身自行车。”B.“我可以弯下腰去系鞋带。”C."我可以双腿交叉着膝盖。”D."我需要让我的马桶座圈更高。”答案：D

31.AnadolescentwithBulimianervosawasadmittedtothepsychiatricunit.Whichactionisfocusedonclient'snutritionalneeds?A.Encouragetheadolescenttoexpressofhisfeelingabouthospitalization.B.Encouragetheadolescenttotakefavoritefoodtothehospital.C.staywiththeadolescentatmealtimeandonehourafter.D.Weightheadolescenteverymorning.正确答案:C解析：1.一名患有神经性贪食症的青少年进入了精神病院。哪些行动主要集中于客户的营养需求？A.鼓励青少年表达他对住院治疗的感受。B.鼓励青少年带着他们最喜欢的食物去医院。C.在用餐时间和一小时后和青少年呆在一起。D.每天早上称重这个青少年。答案：C

32.Anurseisreadingaphysician'sprogressnotesintheclient'srecordandreadsthatthephysicianhasdocumented"insensiblefluidlossofapproximately800mldaily".ThenurseunderstandsthatthistypeoffluidlosscanoccurthroughA.thegastrointestinal(GI)tract.B.urinaryoutputC.wounddrainage.D.theskin正确答案:D解析：2.一名护士正在阅读病人记录中的医生的进展记录，并看到医生记录了“每天大约800毫升的麻木的液体流失”。护士知道这种类型的液体流失可以通过A.胃肠道（GI）。B.尿排出量C.伤口引流。D.皮肤答案：D

33.Aclientwithahistoryofaseizuredisorderwhohasbeencompliantwithmedicationtherapyisadmittedtothehospitalwithseizureactivity.Phenytoin(Dilantin)isadministeredtotheclientbytheIVpushroute,andsubsequentlyaserumphenytoinlevelisdrawn.AnurseevaluatesthatthemedicationtherapyhasbeenmosteffectiveifthelaboratoryresultisA.3μg/ml.B.8μg/ml.C.16μg/ml.D.24g/ml正确答案:C解析：3.有癫痫病史的病人已接受药物治疗，因癫痫活动入院。苯妥英（苯妥英）通过静脉注射给药，随后绘制血清苯妥英水平。如果实验室结果是，护士评估药物治疗是最有效的A.3μg/ml.B.8μg/ml.C.16μg/ml.D.24g/ml答案：C

34.Aclientwithatrialfibrillationwhoisreceivingmaintenancetherapyofwarfarinsodium(Coumadin)hasaprothrombintime(PT)of30seconds.OnthebasisofthePTlevel,anurseanticipateswhichofthefollowingorders?A.Holdingthenextdoseofwarfarinsodium.B.AdministeringthenextdoseofwarfarinsodiumC.IncreasingthenextdoseofwarfarinsodiumD.Addingadoseofheparin.正确答案:A解析：4.房颤患者接受华法林钠（香豆素）维持治疗的患者，凝血酶原时间（PT）为30秒。根据PT水平，护士会预测以下哪一种命令？A服用下一剂华法林钠。B.给药下一剂华法林钠C.增加下一个剂量的华法林钠D加入一定剂量的肝素。答：A

35.Anadultclientwithahistoryofgastrointestinal(GI)bleedinghasaplateletcountof300000cells/μL.Whichactionbyanurseismostappropriateuponreadingthisreport?A.Reporttheabnormallylowcount.B.Reporttheabnormallyhighcount.C.Placetheclientonbleedingprecautions.D.Placethenormalreportintheclient'smedicalrecord.正确答案:D解析：5.有胃肠道（GI）出血病史的成年患者的血小板计数为30万细胞/μL。在阅读这份报告后，护士的哪种行动最合适？A.报告异常低的计数。B.报告异常高的计数。C.让病人采取防止出血的预防措施。D.将正常的报告放入客户的病历中。答案：D

36.Anurseispreparingtocareforaclientwhohashadasupratentorialcraniotomy.Thenurseplanstoplacetheclientinwhichposition?A.Prone.B.Supine.C.Semi-Fowler's.D.Dorsalrecumbent.正确答案:C解析：6.一名护士正在准备照顾一名做过幕上开颅手术的病人。护士计划把病人安排在哪个位置上？A.易感。B.抑制。C.半福勒的。D.背卧。答案：C

37.Aclientreceivingtotalparentalnutrition(TPN)complainsofaheadache.Anursenotesthattheclienthasanincreasedbloodpressure,boundingpulse,jugularveindistention,andcracklesbilaterally.ThenurseinterpretsthattheclientisexperiencingwhichcomplicationofTPNtherapy?A.Hyperglycemia.B.Airembolism.C.Sepsis.D.Fluidoverload.正确答案:D解析：7.一个接受父母完全营养（TPN）的客户抱怨头痛。一名护士注意到病人血压升高，脉搏跳动，颈静脉扩张，两侧有裂纹。护士解释说，病人正在经历TPN治疗的哪些并发症？A.高血糖。B.空气栓塞。C.脓毒症。D流体过载。答案：D

38.Anurseischangingthecentrallinedressingofaclientreceivingtotalparenteralnutrition(TPN).Thenursenotesthatthecatheterinsertionsiteappearsreddened.Thenursenextassesseswhichofthefollowingitems?A.Tightnessoftubingconnections.B.Client'stemperature.C.Expirationdateonthebag.D.Timeoflastdressingchange.正确答案:B解析：8.一名护士正在更换一名接受全肠外营养（TPN）的病人的中心线敷料。护士注意到导管插入部位呈红色。护士接下来会评估以下哪一个项目？A.管道连接件的紧密性。B.客户的温度。C.包上的有效期。D.最后一次换衣的时间。答：B

39.At8:00am,anursecheckstheamountofsolutionleftinatotalparenteralnutrition(TPN)infusionbagforanassignedclient.Itisa3000mLbagwithl000mLremaining.Thesolutionisrunningatarateof100mL/hr.Thebagwashungthepreviousdayat12:00noon.ThenurseplanstochangetheinfusionbagandtubingtodayatA.12:00noon.B.2:00PMC.4:00P.M.D.8:00P.M.正确答案:A解析：9.上午8点，一名护士为指定的客户检查全肠外营养（TPN）输注袋中剩余的溶液量。这是一个3000mL的袋子，只剩下1000毫升。该解决方案以100毫升/小时的速度运行。这个袋子是在前一天中午12点挂起来的。护士计划今天就去换输液袋和输液管A.中午12点。B.2:00PMC.4:00P.M.D.8:00P.M.答：A

40.AnursereviewsthebloodgasresultsofaclientwithGuillain-Barresyndrome.Thenurseanalyzestheresultsanddeterminesthattheclientisexperiencingrespiratoryacidosis.Whichofthefollowingvalidatesthenurse'sfindings?A.pH7.50,PaCO252mmHg.B.pH7.35,PaCO240mmHg.C.pH7.25,PaCO250mmHg.D.pH7.50,PaCO230mmHg.正确答案:C解析：10.一名护士检查了一名患有格林-巴雷综合征的病人的血气结果。护士分析结果，并确定病人正在经历呼吸性酸中毒。以下哪一项证实了护士的发现？A.pH7.50，PaCO252mm汞柱。B.pH7.35，PaCO240mm汞柱。C.pH7.25，PaCO250mm汞柱。D.pH7.50，PaCO230mm汞柱。答案：C

41.Whichofthefollowingnursingdiagnoseshouldthenurseusetobestaddressthesuicidalpatient'sfeelingsofdespair?A.Anxiety.B.Spiritualdistress.C.Ineffectivecoping.D.Dysfunctionalgrieving.正确答案:B解析：护士应该使用以下哪一种护理诊断来最好地解决有自杀倾向的病人的绝望感？A.焦虑。B.精神苦恼C.无效竞争D.功能障碍性悲痛答：B

42.Adepressedandwithdrawnclientapproachesthenurse,whoisbusyworkingwithasocialworkerintheconferenceroom.Whichwouldbethebestresponsebythenurse?A.Telltheclientthatthenursewillseeherin10minutesB.Telltheclientshe'llhavetowaitisurgent.C.Asktheclientifwhatshewantsisurgent.D.Asktheclienthowthenursecanhelpher.正确答案:D解析：2.一个抑郁和孤僻的病人走近护士，护士正忙着和会议室里的一名社会工作者一起工作。护士的最佳反应是什么？A.告诉病人护士10分钟后会见她B.告诉客户她必须等待。C.问客户，她想要什么是否紧急。D.问病人护士能如何帮助她。答案：D

43.Theclientwithdualdiagnosesofmajordepressionandalcoholabusestates,"IonlydrinkwhenIcan'tsleep."Anexpectedoutcomeforthisclientisthattheclientwill.A.describeadaptivemethodsofcopingtoinducesleep.B.verbalizenegativeeffectsofalcoholonthebody.C.describedangerouseffectswhencombiningalcoholandantidepressantmedication.D.verbalizethedesiretostopdrinkingalcohol.正确答案:A解析：3.这位有重度抑郁症和酗酒双重诊断的客户说：“我只在睡不着的时候喝酒。”这个客户的预期结果是客户会。A.描述应对诱导睡眠的自适应方法。B.从口头上表达酒精对身体的负面影响。C.描述当酒精和抗抑郁药物联合使用时的危险影响。D.从口头上表达停止饮酒的愿望。答：A

44.Thenursehasbeenworkingwithadepressedmaleclientforoneweek.Thismorning,theclientcomestothediningroomwithhairuncombedandshirtunbuttoned.Whichoftheseactionsshouldthenursetakefirst?A.Approachtheclientandoffertohelphimfinishgettingdressed.B.Ignoretheclient'sappearanceandhelphimfindhisplaceatthetable.C.Sitwiththeclientandhelphimeatthefood.D.Walkwiththeclientuntilhenoticesthathisshirtisunbuttoned.正确答案:A解析：4.护士已经为一个抑郁的男性病人工作了一个星期。今天早上，客户来到餐厅，头发没有梳干净，衬衫没有扣上扣子。护士应该先采取哪些行动？A.接近客户，并主动提出帮他穿好衣服。B.忽略客户的外表，帮助他在桌子上的位置。C.和客户坐在一起，帮他吃食物。D.和客户一起散步，直到他注意到他的衬衫被解开了。答：A

45.Apatientwhohasautismdemonstratesahighlevelofanxietyfollowingtherearrangementoffurnitureintheroom.Anurseshouldunderstandthattheclient'sbehavioristheresultofaneedforA.trustB.privacyC.constancy

D.independence正确答案:C解析：5.自闭症患者在房间里家具重新布置后表现出高度的焦虑。护士应该明白，病人的行为是由于需要A.信任B.隐私C.不屈不挠D独立性答案：C

46.Themostcommonadverseeffectelectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)forwhichthenursemustplaninterventionsisA.arrhythmia.B.physicalinjury.C.severehypertension.D.memoryloss.正确答案:D解析：6.护士必须计划采取干预措施的最常见的副作用是电休克疗法（ECT）是A.心律失常B.物理伤C.严重的高血压。D.内存丢失。答案：D

47.Theclientwithdepressiontellsthenursethatlifejustdoesn'tseemtobeworthlivingandhisfamilywouldbebetteroffwithouthim.Whichofthefollowinginterventionsshouldthenurseinitiallyutilize?A.Telltheclientthatthesearenormalfeelingswithdepression.B.Lettheclientknowthatthesefeelingwillpass.C.Asktheclientifheisfeelingsuicidal.D.Ignorethestatementandcontinuewiththeinterview.正确答案:C解析：7.患有抑郁症的病人告诉护士，生活似乎不值得过下去，如果没有他，他的家人会更好。护士最初应使用以下哪些干预措施？A.告诉病人，这些都是抑郁的正常感觉。B.让客户知道，这些感觉将会过去。C.问客户他是否有自杀倾向。D.忽略这个陈述，继续进行采访。答案：C

48.Anurseisapproachedbyaclientwhoisexperiencingpersecutorydelusionsandrequestsassistancetoescapefromthepsychiatricunit.Whichofthefollowingnursingactionswouldbemostappropriate?A.Attempttolearnthemeaningofthedelusiontotheclients.B.Encouragetheclienttoverbalizethedelusions.C.Logicallyexplainthenatureofdelusionstotheclient.D.Pointoutthefalsebeliefspresentintheclient’sdelusion.正确答案:A解析：8.一名正在经历迫害妄想的客户找到了一名护士，并请求帮助逃离精神病院。以下哪种护理措施最合适？A.试图了解错觉对客户的含义。B.鼓励客户用语言表达这些错觉。C.从逻辑上向客户解释错觉的本质。D.指出在客户的错觉中存在的错误信念。答：A

49.Adepressedclientparticipatesinunitactivitiesandmeetsregularlywithanurse.Onemorningtheclientasksthenursetogetthecombfromthebedsidetable.Nexttothecomb,thenursefinds10secobarbitalcapsules.Afterconfiscatingthecapsules,whatshouldthenursedonext?A.Reportthefindingtotheotherteammembers.B.Telltheclientaboutfindingthecapsulesandaskiftheclientwasplanningtocommitsuicide.C.Sitwiththeclientfortherestofthedayandincreasesuicideprecautions.D.Givetheclientthecomb,thensuggestthattheclientandnursegoforawalk.正确答案:B解析：9.一个抑郁的病人参加单位活动，并定期与一名护士见面。一天早上，病人让护士从床头柜上拿出梳子。在梳子旁边，护士发现了10个塞巴比妥胶囊。在没收了胶囊后，护士下一步应该做什么？A.向其他团队成员报告调查结果。B.告诉客户如何寻找胶囊，并询问客户是否打算自杀。C.在今天剩下的时间里和客户坐在一起，增加自杀预防措施。D.给客户一把梳子，然后建议客户和护士去散散步。答：B

50.Adepressedclientissittingintheactivitiesroom,staringatthewall.Whichnursinginterventionwouldbethemostappropriate?A.Givetheclientfreeaccesstotheactivitiesmaterials,andaskwhatshewantstodo.B.Givetheclienttimetoselectanactivity,andsitwithheruntilshegetsbusy.C.Givetheclientequipmentformakingacollage,andshowherhowtodoit.

D.Givetheclienta500-piecejigsawpuzzle,andtellhertodothebestshecan.正确答案:C解析：10.一个抑郁的客户正坐在活动室里，盯着墙壁。哪种护理干预措施最合适？A.让客户免费访问活动材料，并询问她想做什么。B.给客户时间来选择一个活动，并和她坐在一起，直到她忙起来。C.给客户提供制作拼贴画的设备，并教她如何去做。D给客户一个500块的拼图游戏，并告诉她尽她所能。答案：C

51.Whichofthefollowingnursingconsiderationsmustbetakenintoaccountforaclientwithtype1diabetesmellitusonthemorningofsurgery?A.Theclientshouldtakehalfofhisusualdailyinsulin.B.Theclientshouldreceiveanoralantidiabeticagent.C.TheclientshouldreceiveanI.V.insulininfusion.D.Theclientshouldtakehisfulldailyinsulindonewithnodextroseinfusion.正确答案:A解析：1.对于1型糖尿病患者，在手术当天早上必须考虑以下哪些护理因素？A.病人应服用他通常每日胰岛素的一半。B.患者应接受口服降糖药治疗。C.患者应接受I.V.insulin注射。D.患者应每天全部服用胰岛素，不注射葡萄糖。答：A

52.Whichofthefollowingtypesofdiabetesiscontrolledprimarilythroughdiet,exercise,andoralantidiabeticagents?A.Diabetesinsipidus.B.Diabetesketoacidosis.C.TypeIdiabetesmellitus.D.Type2diabetesmellitus.正确答案:D解析：2.以下哪一种糖尿病主要是通过饮食、运动和口服抗糖尿病药来控制的？A.尿崩症。B.糖尿病酮症酸中毒。C.I型糖尿病。D.2型糖尿病。答案：D

53.Whenteachinganewlydiagnoseddiabeticclientaboutdietandexercise,it’simportanttoincludewhichofthefollowingaspects?A.Useoffiberlaxativesandbulk-formingagents.B.Managementoffluid,proteinandelectrolytes.C.Reductionofcalorieintakebeforeexercising.D.Caloricgoals,foodconsistency,andphysicalactivity.正确答案:D解析：3.当教一个新诊断的糖尿病客户关于饮食和锻炼时，包括以下哪一个方面是很重要的？A.使用纤维泻药和成成型剂。B.液体、蛋白质和电解质的管理。C.在运动前减少卡路里的摄入量。D.热量的目标，食物的一致性，和身体活动。答案：D

54.Rotatinginjectionsiteswhenadministeringinsulinpreventswhichofthefollowingcomplications?A.Insulinedema.B.Insulinlipodystrophy.C.Insulinresistance.D.Systemicallergicreactions.正确答案:B解析：给胰岛素时旋转注射部位可预防以下哪些并发症？A.胰岛素水肿。B.胰岛素脂肪营养不良。C.胰岛素抵抗。D.全身过敏反应。答：B

55.HowlongdoesthepeakeffectlastforNovolinNPH,anintermediateactinginsulin?A.15minutesto1hour.B.2to6hours.C.6to16hours.D.14to26hours.正确答案:C解析：5.对一种中间作用的胰岛素诺伏林NPH的峰值效应会持续多久？A.15分钟到1小时。B.2到6个小时。C.6到16个小时。D.14到26个小时。答案：C

56.Aclientpresentwithdiaphoresis,palpitation,jitters,andtachycardiaapproximately1.5hoursaftertakinghisregularmorninginsulin.Whichofthefollowingtreatmentsisappropriateforthisclient?A.Checkbloodglucoselevelandadministercarbohydrates.B.Givenitroglycerinandperformanelectrocardiogram.C.CheckpulseoximetryandadministeroxygentherapyD.Restrictsalt,administerdiuretics,andperformaparacentesis.正确答案:A解析：6.患者在服用常规早晨胰岛素后约1.5小时出现出汗、心悸、紧张和心动过速。以下哪种治疗方法适合此客户？A.检查血糖水平并给予碳水化合物。B.服用硝酸甘油并做心电图检查。C.检查脉搏血氧仪并进行氧疗D.限制盐，使用利尿剂，并进行穿刺。答：A

57.Thenursetalkstoanadolescentabouthowshecantellherfriendsabouthernewdiagnosisofdiabetes.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsbytheadolescentindicatesthattheadolescenthasrespondedpositivelytothediscussion?A.Sheasksthenurseformaterialondiabetesforaschoolpaper.B.Sheintroducesthenursetoherfriendsas"theonewhotaughtmeallaboutmydiabetes"C.Shesays,“I’lltrytotellmefriends,butthey'llprobablyquithangingoutwithme."D.Sheasksherfriendswhattheythinkaboutsomeonewhohasalifelongillness.正确答案:B解析：7.护士和一个青少年谈论她如何告诉她的朋友她的新糖尿病诊断。该青少年的以下哪些行为表明，该青少年对该讨论有了积极的反应？A.她向护士为学校的论文提供关于糖尿病的材料。B.她向朋友介绍护士是“教我糖尿病的人”C.她说：“我会试着告诉我朋友