新高考英语｜语法专题之主谓一致讲解课件-2025届高中英语专项复习

英语语法专题之主谓一致概念

01主谓一致，是主谓语一致的简称，指主语和谓语必须在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致遵循的原则010203语法一致原则：主语的语法性质决定其谓语动词的单、复数形式。主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。意义一致原则：根据主语的内涵决定其谓语动词的单、复数形式。主语是单数形式，但却表达复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语是复数形式，但却表达单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。

就近原则：谓语动词根据其前面最临近的名/代词的数的形式来决定谓语动词的形式。语法一致原则：主语的语法性质决定其谓语动词的单、复数形式。主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。Theirteam

areplayingwonderfully.Theirteam

isbiggerthanours.意义一致原则：根据主语的内涵决定其谓语动词的单、复数形式。主语是单数形式，但却表达复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语是复数形式，但却表达单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。

Allpossiblemeans

havebeenadopted.Everymeans

hasbeentried.Theworks

wasbuiltin1970.TranslatedworksbyPremierLi'swifesellwell.就近原则：谓语动词根据其前面最临近的名/代词的数的形式来决定谓语动词的形式。EitherheorI

amright.NritherInorhe

isright.Notonlyallthestudentsbutalsotheteacher

likeshim.NotIbuthe

isgoingtotravelthere.一、谓语动词为单数的情况Theball_____(is/are)underthedesk.Thewater_______(is/are)veryhot.Morethanoneshopwasstolenlastnight.1.单数可数名词做主语、不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。2.morethanone+单数可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。注意：More+复数名词thanone做主语，谓语动词用复数。Moreshopsthanonewerestolenlastnight.Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.Oneortwostudentshavefailedtheexam.Manyastudentwaslateforschoolyesterday.3.a+单数可数ortwo做主语，谓语动词用单数。注意：oneortwo+复数名词做主语，谓语动词用复数。4.manya+单数可数做主语，谓语动词用单数。Physicsiskindofhardtolearn.TheUnitedStatesisthemostpowerfulcountryintheworld.TheNewYorkTimesisawell-knownnewspaper.5.以-S结尾的名词，表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,谓语动词用单数。news，works,physics,maths,gymnastics...noeacheverymanyaand+单数可数名词+noeacheverymanya单数可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。+6.Manyaboyandmanyagirlisinvitedtotheparty.7.akindofasortofatypeofaseriesofAnewseriesofbooksforchildrenhasbeenpublished.修饰名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。Everybodylikesthefilm.8.复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数。something,anything,nothing,someone,anyone,none,somebody,anybody,nobody等9.each,either,neither,another,little，alittle,much做主语或者修饰主语，谓语动词用单数。Muchofthewaterwaswasted.Neitherofthemisofuse.FouryearshaspassedsinceBidenwaselectedastheAmericanpresident.Threemileswastoolongadistanceformetowalk.Tendollarsisnotenoughtobuythisbook.10.时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数数量概念做主语，被看做是一个单位值时，谓语动词用单数。warandpeaceironandsteeltruthandhonestyawatchandchainneedleandthread11.两个单数名词用and并列，表示一个事无不可分割的两部分，这种结构做主语，谓语动词用单数。12.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.Thepoetandwriterhascome.Ahammerandasawareusefultools.13.用and并列形容词修饰名词做主语，如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.The

red

and

white

shirt

looks

nice.The

red

and

thewhite

shirt

look

nice.Jim's

and

Tom's

father

areall

drivers.Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.TodrinkcleanwaterisnoteasyforpeopleinAfrica.Playingbasketballisveryinteresting.14.主语从句、动词不定式和动名词结构作主语，谓语动词用单数。二、谓语动词为复数的情况1.集合名词做主语，比如：people,police,cattle,crew,clothes,public等，谓语动词用复数。Thepolicehavecaughtthethiefyesterday.Peopleliketravelling.2.由两部分构成的事物的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。glasses眼镜trousers裤子clothes衣服pants裤子jeans牛仔裤gloves手套socks袜子stocks长筒袜shoes鞋scissors剪刀tweezers镊子sleeves袖boots靴子Yourshoesareunderthebed.Histrousersareofgoodquality.3.两个单数名词用and或both...and并列作主语，谓语动词用复数。Thewriterandthepoetcomefromthesamecountry.Bothriceandwheataregrowninthisarea.Thewriterandpoetcomesfromthatcountry.4.the+形容词/过去分词/动词ing分词作主语，表示一类人或者一类物，谓语动词用复数。Thewoundedhavebeentakentothehospital.Thepooraretobehelped.4.两个形容词共同修饰一个名词，若两个名词前面都有冠词，作主语，谓语动词用复数；若两个形容词前面只有一个冠词，作主语，谓语动词用单数。Theredandthewhitecoataremine.Theblackandwhitecoatismine.三、谓语动词视主语情况而定的特例1.集合名词做主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意义的单复数，来决定谓语动词的单复数。people,public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group...Hisfamilyisrich.Hisfamilyareallmusiclovers.Ourclassisonthefourthfloor.Ourclassstudyharderthantheirs.2.不定代词all,more,most,some,any,none作主语，谓语动词的单复数要取决于主语的意义。Alloftheapplesarerotten.Allofthefruitisrotten.Noneofthemoneyisleft.Noneofthestudentsarethere.3.therestofhalfofpartofmajorityofpercentofonethirdof+名词作主语，谓语动词要跟名词的数一致。Halfofthestudents

havefinishedtheirhomework.Halfofthefood

isbad.About60percentofthefarmersinthisvillageareold.About60percentofthework

isdone.4.alotoflotsofplentyofalargequantityof+名词作主语，谓语动词要跟名词的数一致。Alotofthefilmstars

wereatthemeeting.Alotofmoney

hasbeensaved.Plentyofthewater

ispollutedbythefactory.Plentyofthevisitors

arefromthesouth.5.agreatdealofagooddealfoalargeamountof+不可数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。Agreatdealofwaterispolluted.Onlyasmallamountoffoodisleft.6.anumberofagroupofavarietyof+名词作主语，谓语动词要用复数。Anumberofbooksarelentoutfromthelibraryeveryday.Avarietyoffruitsareonthetablenow.注意：theunmberof的意思是“......的数量”，其作主语，谓语动词用单数：Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis30.7.有些名词单复数同形，其谓语动词的单复数取决于名词在句子中所表达的单复数意义（意义一致原则）。means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese......Noteverymeans

isuseful.Notallmeans

areuseful.Thereisachemicalworksnearourschool.Luxun'sworks

areverypopularinChina.8.none,neither作主语，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。Noneofushas/haveeverbeentoBeijing.Neitherofthebooksis/areofanyusetohim.9.名词作主语，后面带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like(象),but(除了),except,besides,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan(而不是),including,inadditionto引导的短语,谓语动词取决于做主语的名词，与名词后面携带的插入部分没有关系。Air

aswellaswater

ismatter.Noone

excepttwoservants

waslateforthedinner.主谓一致语法专练一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother_______(have)gonetotheSummerPalace.They’llbebacknextweek.2.Theprofessorwasverydisappointedbecausemanyastudent_________(be)notinterestedinhisclass.3.Thewriterandtranslator______(be)deliveringaspeechinourschoolnow.4.Theyoungoften__________(think)oftheoldconservativewhiletheoldalways__________(consider)theyounginexperienced.5.Myfamily_____(be)notlarge,butmyfamily_______(be)allmusiclovers.haswasisthinkconsiderisare6.Thenumberofpeopleinvited__________(be)60,butanumberofthem__________(be)absentfordifferentreasons.7.Ancientandmodernhistory__________(be)thesubjectswearestudying.8.Jimistheonlyoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_____(be)neverlateforschool.9.Toeveryone'ssurprise,nobookandnopen__________(find)inhisschoolbag.10.Twohours_______(be)enoughforustofinishthiswork.waswereareiswasfoundis11.Arm,aswellasherbrothers,__________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtotheinstitutelastweek.12.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho__________(wear)ordinaryeveningdress.13.Thefactoryused65percentoftheclean-burningmaterials,therestofwhich__________(be)savedforotherpurposes.14.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow____(be)oftenacceptableandflexible.15.Whatweneed______(be)abalanceddiet.wasgivenwearswereisis二、从括号内选择正确的形式完成句子。1.Decoratingthegreetingcardswithbeautifulflowers__________(is/are)unique.2.Tea,apopulardrinkinChina,__________(is/are)carefullypreparedaccordingtothelocalcustoms.3.Tomisoneoftheboyswho__________(is/are)alwaysreadytohelpothers.4.Cyclingalongwithjoggingandwimming__________(are/is)regardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.isisareis5.Thelittlegirlopenedtheboxcarefullyandletoutanexcitingcry.Insideit__________(was/were)twocutepuppies.6.Everypossiblemeans__________(have/has)beenusedtopreventthevirusspreading,butinvain.7.Allweneed__________(is/are)asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsofvegetables.8.AccordingtoWHO.listeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumes__________(cause/causes)hearingproblems.werehasiscauses三、根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。1._________________________________(有一场足球比赛)betweenClass8andClassl2yesterdayafternoon.2.There'snodoubtthatemailaswellastelephones____________________(起着重要作用)indailycommunication.3.Inmyopinion,itisyouratherthanhethat________________(理应被责备)fortheterribleaccident.4.ThepopulationofJiangsuProvince________________(已经增加到)morethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Therewasafootballgameplaysanimportantrolearetoblamehasgrownto5.Everyboyandeverygirl__________(都很高兴)whentheysawthatShenzhouXIIflewintospace.6.

(不止一个学生反对这个建议)whenthemonitorputforwardit.7.InourclassTomisoneofthestudentswho__________________(有音乐天赋).8.Allthefurniture

(已经被搬到另一个房间里)。waspleasedMorethanonestudentisagainsttheproposalhaveagiftformusichasbeenmovedtoanotherroom四、下面每题中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.EitherheorIplaysfootballonSundays.2.Alotofworkweredonetoprepareforthe2022WinterOlympics.3.OnehundredyuanareenoughtobuythenovelTheThree-bodyProblem4.Whatcausedtheaccidentsremainunknown.playwasisremains5.Doingexperimentsareagoodwaytofindoutanswerstoquestions.6.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmateswereinvitedtotheparty.7.Ithinkitisoneofthebestfilmsthathaseverbeenshownherethisyear.8.Thewindowswhichfacessouthareallbrokenintheexplosion.iswashaveface9.Betweenthetwobuildingsstandamonument.10.Manyastudenthavemadethesamemistakesnotlongbefore.11.Twothirdsofthelandinthisareaarecoveredwithtreesandgrass.12.MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmithsarealsotrueoftheJohnsons.standshasisis五、根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

SavingPrivateRyan1.______(be)afilmdirectedbyStevenSpielberg.Thetwomaincharacters2._________(be)CaptainJohnMiler,playedbyTomHanks,