新高考英语｜完形填空专项指导 课件-2025届高考英语一轮复习之阅读理解专题

完形填空一、理论篇命题特点与启发1.记叙文、夹叙夹议文的选材2.首句不设空3.在语境中考察动词、名词、形容词及副词的运用4.四个选项语法形式一致宏观把握主旨词汇知识语境推理思考方向做题指导把握主旨记叙(1)首段、首句定中心(2)抓时间、事件发展顺序+全文情感基调(3)明说理逻辑顺序+尾段哲理夹叙夹议语境推理(mostimportant)(1)断句明义(2)前后信息提示、词汇复现(3)生活经验与常识词汇知识(1)一词多义、熟词生义(2)习惯搭配常见停断类型细节探讨1——断句明义1.主句、从句停断2.主谓宾(或SVP)、其他成分停断3.固定短语、其他成分停断4.介词短语、另一介词短语停断Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher______whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.A.race B.school C.town D.training常见复现类型细节探讨2——词汇复现1.原词复现2.同源词复现（词形变化）3.近义词复现4.反义词复现5.同义复现（互为印证、互为解释）6.上下义词复现（包含、被包含关系）二、实践篇例：TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividualall-roundevent,GabbyDoughlashadtoleaveeverythingshe__1__best.Shehadto__2__herbedroominVinginia.Shehadtosay__3__tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto__4__wavesonherboard.1.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew前方tobecome表目的，因此考察前后因果逻辑，即“为了成为全能项目奥运冠军，她不得不离开她熟知的一切。”选D更合理。例：TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividualall-roundevent,GabbyDoughlashadtoleaveeverythingshe__1__best.Shehadto__2__herbedroominVinginia.Shehadtosay__3__tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto__4__wavesonherboard.2.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup3.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no考察词汇复现——同义复现。前文leave和后文“收拾房间(离开)”、“道别狗与沙滩”互为印证，因此可知2选B，3选A。例：TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividualall-roundevent,GabbyDoughlashadtoleaveeverythingshe__1__best.Shehadto__2__herbedroominVinginia.Shehadtosay__3__tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto__4__wavesonherboard.4.A.cause B.oberserve C.ride D.strike考察生活常识，去海滩做的事是冲浪，选ride“乘浪而行、冲浪”更合理。例：Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的).Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven__1__,soitwassurprisingI’d__2__toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice—towriteafiveessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!1.A.freer B.shyer C.calmer D.happier考察前文提示、近义词复现，“我”性格羞怯，去新学校会更害羞。例：Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的).Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven__1__,soitwassurprisingI’d__2__toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice—towriteafiveessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!1.A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat考察后文提示、近义词复现，我付出的代价是写“为什么我不讲话”的文章，因此“我和人讲话会令人惊讶”。例：Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda__1__—atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearntyourlesson”.__2__,mumlaughedagainandagainassheread.1.A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution考察后文提示、同义复现、一词多义(熟词生义)，引号部分“希望你学到了教训”是妈妈的训诫，故选lecture“训斥、教训”。例：Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda__1__—atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearntyourlesson”.__2__,mumlaughedagainandagainassheread.2.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead考察前后逻辑，前文的期待和后文妈妈的反应形成对比转折，故选D。例：Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thefive-year-oldtaughtmepowerfullessoni