02+专题三+动词+第2讲+非谓语动词+课件 高三英语一轮复习

第2讲

非谓语动词第二部分语法专项复习词法篇专题三动词1.

（2023·全国甲卷）For

thousands

of

years,

people

have

told

fables

（寓言）

_________

（teach）

a

lesson

or

to

pass

on

wisdom.to

teach[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。根据句意可知，此处作目的状语，应使用动词不定式，故填to

teach。真题演练2.

（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Shanghai

may

be

the___________（recognize）

home

of

the

soup

dumpling,

but

food

historians

will

actually

point

you

to

the

neighboring

ancient

canal

town

of

Nanxiang

as

xiao

long

bao's

birthplace.[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的汤包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河古镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。分析句子成分可知，空格处修饰名词home作定语，recognize与home构成被动关系，应使用过去分词，故填recognized。recognized3.

（2022·全国甲卷）A

visually-challenged

man

from

Beijing

recently

hiked

（徒步）

40

days

to

Xi'an,

as

a

first

step___________（journey）

the

Belt

and

Road

route（路线）

by

foot.to

journey[解析]

考查非谓语动词。此处journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式作后置定语。4.

（2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷）But

that's

how

nature

is—always

leaving

us___________（astonish）.astonished[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：但是大自然就是这样——总是让我们感到吃惊。此处说明us的状态，意为“感到吃惊的”，故填astonished。5.

（2021·全国甲卷）It

is

possible_________（walk）

or

bike

the

entire

14

kilometers.to

walk[解析]

考查非谓语动词。此处为句型“It

is+adj.+动词不定式”，表示“做某事是……的”。6.

（2021·全国甲卷）After_________（spend）

some

time

looking

at

all

the

defensive

equipment

at

the

wall,

we

decided

it

was

time

for

some

action

and

what

better

than

to

ride

on

a

piece

of

history!spending[解析]

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，

After在此处是介词，后面需接动名词作宾语，故填spending。必备知识

非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、不定式和动名词。语法填空题主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语、宾语、补足语、主语和表语。其形式及意义如下：非谓语动词主动形式被动形式意义不定式一般式to

doto

be

done不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式to

be

doing—不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式to

have

doneto

have

been

done不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生非谓语动词主动形式被动形式意义现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing

done现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；动名词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生续表非谓语动词主动形式被动形式意义现在分词/动名词完成式having

donehaving

been

done现在分词/动名词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生过去分词—done过去分词与主语、宾语或被修饰的词构成被动关系，表完成续表

非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语保持一致。一、不定式作状语1.作目的状语，可用so

as

to/in

order

to替换，意为“为了；以便”，但

so

as

to一般不可置于句首。（外研必修二Unit

6）But

it's

worth

checking

common

ideas

and

opinions

to

see（=so

as

to

see/in

order

to

see）

what's

really

green.但我们仍需仔细辨别我们已经习以为常的理念和观点中哪些才是真正“绿色环保”的。考点1非谓语动词作状语To

enjoy（=In

order

to

enjoy）

the

convenience

of

digital

payment,

many

seniors

started

to

use

smart

phones.为了享受数字支付的便利,很多老年人开始使用智能手机。2.作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：only

to

do（表示意想不到的结果）、enough

to

do...（足够做……）、too...to

do...（太……而不能做……）、so/such...as

to...（如此……以至于……）等。（人教必修一Unit

4）

Chickens

and

even

pigs

were

too

nervous

to

eat,

and

dogs

refused

to

go

inside

buildings.鸡甚至猪都焦虑不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。Tom

took

a

taxi

to

the

airport,only

to

find

his

plane

high

up

in

the

sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。3.作原因状语，常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中。这类形容词有easy、difficult、hard、comfortable、good、important、impossible、dangerous、surprised、astonished、delighted、disappointed等。（外研必修一Unit

1）When

my

English

teacher

stepped

into

the

classroom,

I

was

surprised

to

see

the

same

man

I

had

met

earlier.当我的英语老师走进教室时，我惊讶地发现，他就是我之前遇到的那位老人。易错提示在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构中，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。在该结构中，不定式中的动词通常是及物动词；若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词。The

person

is

hard

to

deal

with.这个人很难打交道。二、分词作状语

分词作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，而过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。分词有时还可与while、when、once、if、unless等词连用，相当于状语从句，但此时状语从句的主语一般与主句的主语保持一致。A

city

is

the

product

of

the

human

hand

and

mind,reflecting

man's

intelligence

and

creativity.一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物,这反映出了人类的智慧与创造性。The

couple

can

take

good

care

of

the

baby

while

occupied（=while

the

couple

are

occupied）

with

their

work.这对夫妇忙于工作时可以很好地照顾婴儿。易错提示部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态。常见的词和短语有：located

（坐落于）、lost（迷路的）、seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着的）、lost/absorbed/buried

in（沉溺于）、dressed

in（穿着）、tired

of（对……厌烦）、faced

with（面对）。Faced

with

the

great

challenge,

I

didn't

lose

heart.面对巨大的挑战，我没有灰心。1.

（2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷）__________

（cover）

an

area

about

three

times

the

size

of

Yellowstone

National

Park,

the

GPNP

will

be

one

of

the

first

national

parks

in

the

country.Covering2.

（2022·全国甲卷）He

flew

4,700

kilometers

from

Xi'an

to

Kashgar

on

Sept.20,_________

（plan）

to

hike

back

to

Xi'an

in

five

months.planning3.

（2022·全国乙卷）______________

（strengthen）

the

connection

with

young

people,

the

event

included

a

number

of

public

promotional

activities

on

social

media,

________

（invite）twenty-nine

tea

professionals

from

around

the

world

to

have

thirty-six

hours

of

uninterrupted

live

broadcasts.To

strengtheninviting针对训练4.

______（see）

from

the

train

window,

the

mountains

and

forests

of

Canada

looked

massive.5.

If

you

keep

your

eyes

open,

you

will

be

surprised________（find）

that

you

can

see

both

its

past

and

its

present.Seento

find6.

_____________（see）

quite

a

few

productions

of

Hamlet

and

read

the

play

many

times,

I

was

full

of

confidence—until

Peking

Opera

came

to

town!Having

seen7.

I

asked

Mum

to

put

up

the

tent

excitedly,

only

___________（tell）

the

tent

had

been

left

behind.to

be

told一、不定式作定语1.不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词之后，一般表示的动作在“某个时间”前尚未实现。若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。I

was

watching

the

clock

all

through

the

meeting,

as

I

had

a

train

to

catch.整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要赶火车。考点2非谓语动词作定语2.序数词、形容词最高级、the

last、the

only

等词后或被这些词修饰的名词后,常用不定式作定语。注意:该名词通常是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者。（人教必修三Unit

4）...on

12

April

1961,

Yuri

Gagarin

became

the

first

person

in

the

world

to

go

into

space.……1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。3.被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见的这类名词有ability、chance、wish、excuse、promise、attempt、way等。The

best

way

to

strengthen

willpower

is

to

make

it

a

habit.增强意志力最好的方法就是让它成为一种习惯。及物动词doing被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系There

were

millions

of

people

watching

the

opening

ceremony

live

on

TV.有数百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。二、分词作定语及物动词beingdone被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行The

question

being

discussed

now

is

very

important.现在正在被讨论的问题很重要。done被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示完成I'd

like

you

to

look

at

a

study

conducted

in

Australia

in

2012.我想让你们看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。续表不及物动词doing表示动作正在进行When

I

saw

the

falling

leaves,

I

felt

sad.当看到正落下的叶子时，我感到伤心。done表示动作已完成The

road

was

covered

with

fallen

leaves.路上盖满了落叶。续表1.

（2022·全国乙卷）“...It

can

help

to

build

a

community

with

a_______

（share）

future

for

mankind,”

he

said.shared2.

（2022·全国甲卷）Inspired

by

the

Belt

and

Road

Forum

for

International

Cooperation_____

（hold）

in

Beijing,

Cao

decided

to

cover

the

route

by

hiking

as

a

tribute（致敬）

to

the

ancient

Silk

Road.held针对训练3.

In

less

than

18

months,

there

were

over

200,000

people

________（read）

my

blog!4.

When

we

got

a

call_______（say）

she

was

shortlisted,

we

thought

it

was

a

joke.readingsaying5.

Picking

up

her

“Lifetime

Achievement”

award,

proud

Irene

declared

that

she

had

no

plans_________（retire）

from

her

36-year-old

business.to

retire一、不定式作宾语1.通常接不定式作宾语的动词有：intend（打算），plan（计划），expect（预计），pretend（假装），wish（希望），decide（决定），agree（同意），manage（设法做成），refuse（拒绝），promise（答应），attempt（企图），choose（选择），ask（要求），learn（学习），fail（失败），afford（买得起）等。（人教选必三

Unit

2）I

decided

to

take

control

of

my

life

and

find

other

ways

to

relax.我决定掌控自己的生活，找到其他放松的方法。考点3非谓语动词作宾语2.在某些动词，如find、think、consider、feel、make、believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语（不定式）后置。He

feels/thinks

it

important

to

learn

English

well，but

finds

it

difficult

to

remember

the

words.他认为学好英语很重要，但是觉得记单词很难。二、动名词作宾语1.通常接动名词作宾语的动词有：mind（介意），miss（错过），mention（提到），enjoy（喜欢），escape（避开），practise（练习），postpone（推迟），suggest（建议），stand/tolerate（忍受），consider（考虑），keep（继续），avoid（避免），admit（承认），advise（建议），allow/permit（允许），appreciate（感激），risk（冒险），resist（抵制），recommend（建议），finish（完成），imagine（想象），dislike（不喜欢），delay（延迟），quit（停止），deny（否认），include（包括）等。He

can't

stand

being

laughed

at.他无法忍受被人嘲笑。易错提示allow、permit、advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补，即“allow/permit/advise

sb.

to

do

sth.”。I

advise

holding

a

meeting

to

discuss

the

matter.我建议开个会讨论这个事。（外研必修一Unit

3）But

in

the

end,

you

just

advised

me

to

think

carefully.但最后您只是建议我认真考虑。2.动名词作介词的宾语（人教选必三

Unit

4）

Our

optimism

and

faith

in

Shackleton

had

helped

us

persevere

in

staying

alive.我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持活了下来。易错提示（1）以下短语中to

都是介词adapt/adjust

to适应；be

used/accustomed

to习惯于；be

addicted

to对……上瘾；be

attracted

to喜欢；contribute

to有助于；devote

oneself

to致力于；get

down

to开始做；look

forward

to期盼；object

to反对；owe...to把……归因于；pay

attention

to注意；reduce

sb./sth.

to使沦为；stick

to坚持；in

addition

to除了I

have

been

used

to

living

in

the

city.我已经习惯住在城里了。（2）介词but/except后接不定式时，若前面有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式要省略to。We

can

do

nothing

but

wait.我们只能等待。forget

to

do

sth.忘记去做某事forget

doing

sth.忘记做过某事regret

to

do

sth.遗憾地要做某事regret

doing

sth.后悔做过某事三、接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词remember

to

do

sth.记得去做某事remember

doing

sth.记得做过某事stop

to

do

sth.停下来去做某事（另一件事）stop

doing

sth.停止做某事try

to

do

sth.尽力做某事try

doing

sth.尝试做某事go

on

to

do

sth.继续做某事（另一件事）go

on

doing

sth.继续做某事（原来做的事）mean

to

do

sth.打算做某事mean

doing

sth.意味着做某事can't

help

to

do

sth.不能帮助做某事can't

help

doing

sth.情不自禁地做某事I

remembered

locking

the

door

before

I

left

the

office,

but

forgot

to

turn

off

the

lights.我离开办公室之前记得锁门了，但却忘记关灯了。特殊用法（1）动词want、need、require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve（值得）。The

window

needs

cleaning/to

be

cleaned.（window与clean之间存在被动关系）那扇窗户需要清洗。（2）“疑问词+不定式”结构常作learn、decide、know、wonder、show、tell、understand、explain、teach、advise、find

out

等的宾语。We

will

have

a

meeting

to

decide

what

to

do.我们将开会决定该做什么。1.

Some

of

their

great

achievements

included

_________（build）towns

and

roads.2.

Although

scientists

try_________（make）

sure

nothing

goes

wrong,

accidents

can

still

happen.3.

They

also

really

wish____________（discover）

other

planets

that

are

suitable

enough

to

support

life.buildingto

maketo

discover针对训练4.

In

the

end,

I

turned

on

my

phone

to

check,

but

couldn't

resist________（have）

a

quick

look

at

my

social

media

accounts.having5.

In

addition

to

_______（see）

spectacular

mountain

peaks

and

forests,

one

highlight

of

their

trip

was

being

able

to

see

many

different

creatures.seeing一、不定式作补足语（宾补或主补）

不定式作补足语时，不定式与宾语或主语在逻辑上是主动关系。常用不定式作补足语的动词（短语）有advise、allow、ask、beg、cause、enable、encourage、expect、forbid、force、intend、invite、order、persuade、require、remind、tell、want、warn、depend

on等。He

is

not

allowed

to

stay

out

late.他不被允许在外待到很晚。考点4非谓语动词作补足语易错提示1.在sb.

be

believed/said/known/reported/considered/thought+to

do/to

have

done结构中，用不定式作主语补足语。The

president

was

reported

to

have

visited

China.据报道，那位总统已经访问了中国。2.不定式作宾补时省略to的情况：“吾（五）看三室（使）两厅（听）一感觉”。但变为被动语态时，

to不可省略。He

made

me

cry.=I

was

made

to

cry

by

him.他把我弄哭了。二、现在分词作补足语

现在分词作补足语时，补足语与宾语或主语在逻辑上是主动关系，并强调正在进行的动作。可以用于此结构的动词（短语）有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”（feel，catch，find，listen

to/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/look

at/observe/notice）。Listen!

Do

you

hear

someone

calling

for

help？听！你听到有人正在呼救吗？He

was

found

smoking

in

the

kitchen

just

now.刚才有人发现他在厨房里抽烟。

过去分词作补足语时，补足语与宾语或主语在逻辑上是被动关系。可以用于此结构的动词有：感官动词：see、watch、hear、feel、find、notice等。使役动词：have、make、keep、leave、get等。表示“想要、希望、好恶”的动词：want、wish、expect、like等。三、过去分词作补足语This

song

is

often

heard

sung

everywhere

in

China.这首歌在中国的大街小巷都能听见有人唱。（外研选必二

Unit

2）An

hour's

sport

each

day

left

me

tired

out

and

wanting

to

go

to

bed

early.每天一小时的运动让我筋疲力尽，想早早上床睡觉。I

expect

this

plan

carried

out

successfully.我期望这个计划成功实施。易错提示使役动词have和get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：1.have

sth.

done=get

sth.

done让别人做某事2.have

sb./sth.

doing

sth.让……一直做某事；get

sb./sth.

doing

sth.使……开始做某事3.have

sb.

do

sth.=get

sb.

to

do

sth.让某人做某事doing（表示主动,说明动作正在进行）

done（表示被动或完成）

to

do（表示将要发生的动作）The

old

couple

often

take

a

walk

in

the

park

after

supper

with

their

pet

dog

following

them.这老两口常常晚饭后在公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。with+宾语+四、with的复合结构With

such

a

short

time

left

before

the

deadline,

it

doesn't

seem

likely

that

John

will

finish

the

job.离截止日期还有这么短的时间，约翰似乎不可能完成工作。With

a

lot

of

work

to

do,

she

isn't

allowed

to

leave

the

office.由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。针对训练1.

They

had

castles

______（build）

all

around

England,

and

made

changes

to

the

legal

system.built2.

The

peaceful

landscape

of

the

Emerald

Isle

and

its

many

green

counties

is

a

real

feast

for

the

visitors,

with

its

rolling

green

hills

_______（dot）

with

sheep

and

cattle.dotted3.

Standing

in

the

distance,

they

were

astonished

to

see

misty

clouds

_______（rise）

from

the

great

Niagara

Falls.rising4.

The

new

technology

could

enable

more

people

__________

（access）

the

cultural

relics

despite

the

distance.to

access5.

Millions

of

pupils

have

been

forced

__________（switch）

to

remote

learning,

according

to

Qustodio

software,

which

tracks

usage

of

devices

by

children

aged

4

to

15

in

the

UK,

the

US

and

Spain.to

switch一、不定式作主语和表语1.不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的、某一次的动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置。It's

our

duty

to

take

good

care

of

the

old.照顾好老人是我们的责任。考点5非谓语动词作主语和表语2.当主语是aim、purpose、idea、plan、wish等词时，常用不定式作表语；what引导的从句作主语时，表语多用不定式。His

wish

is

to

be

a

doctor

in

the

future.他的愿望是将来当一名医生。What

is

the

most

important

is

to

have

a

clear

objective.最重要的是有一个明确的目标。二、动名词作主语和表语1.动名词作主语时，通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。也可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后移。常用动名词作真正主语的句型有：It's

a

waste

of

time

doing...；It's

no

use/good

doing...；It

is

useless

doing...；It

is

worth

doing。Traveling

along

the

old

Silk

Road

is

an

interesting

and

rewarding

experience.沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。It's

no

use

just

complaining

without

taking

action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。2.动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。My

job

is

cleaning

the

house

three

times

a

week.（=Cleaning

the

house

three

times

a

week

is

my

job.）我的工作是每星期打扫三次房子。三、分词作表语1.现在分词作表语如果是和情绪相关的动词的现在分词形式，则形容词意义较强，表示“令人……的”。如amazing、boring、confusing、disappointing、exciting、encouraging、frightening等。The

result

of

the

experiment

is

encouraging.实验结果是鼓舞人心的。2.过去分词作表语如果是和情绪相关的动词的过去分词形式，则形容词意义较强，表示“感到……的”。如amazed、bored、confused、disappointed、excited、frightened

等。（人教选必一

Unit

4）When

I

talk

about

something

difficult,

they

look

confused.当我谈论到难点时，他们看起来很困惑。针对训练1.

As

you

can

imagine,

________（get）

burnt

can

lead

to

very

serious

injuries.2.

The

Maya's

understanding

of

mathematics

and

astronomy

was

also

quite_________（amaze）.3.

You

can

imagine

how__________（surprise）

and________（excite）

I

was

at

that

moment!4.

It

is

different

from

traditional

tourism

because

it

allows

the

traveler

to

become_________（educate）

about

the

areas.gettingamazingsurprisedexcitededucated5.

The

report

says

it

will

be

difficult

___________

（increase）

people's

leisure

time

in

the

future

due

to

the

large

amount

of

time

they

spend

working

and

looking

after

children.6.

He

built

up

the

organization,

whose

aim

is

_________（raise）

people's

environmental

awareness.7.

It's

a

waste

of

time___________（convince）

him—he'll

never

change

his

mind.to

raiseconvincingtoincrease技巧点拨典例1

（2023·全国乙卷）From

Buddhist

temples

to

museums,

narrow

hutong

to

royal

palaces,

it

is

home

to

more

than

3,000

years

of

glorious

history

even

down

to

its

layout,

with

the

city

keeping

its

carefully______

（build）

system

of

ring

roads.built思路点拨

本句的主语是it，is是连系动词，home...its

layout为表语。在with的复合结构中，宾语是the

city，宾补是keeping

its

carefully...ring

roads。空格处修饰名词system作定语，并与之构成被动关系，应使用过去分词，故填built。典例2

（2023·全国乙卷）_______________

（visit）

several

times

over

the

last

10

years,

I

was

amazed

by

the

co-existence

of

old

and

new,

and

how

a

city

was

able

to

keep

such

a

rich

heritage

（遗产）

while

constantly

growing.思路点拨

本句的主干为I

was

amazed

by...，by后面是宾语，设空处为非谓语动词作状语。动词visit和主句主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。根据时间状语over

the

last

10

years可知，设空处动作先于was

amazed发生，应使用现在分词的完成式。设空处置于句首，首字母大写，故填Having

visited。Havingvisited典例3

（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Nanxiang

aside,

the

best

xiao

long

bao

have

a

fine

skin,

allowing

them

____________

（lift）

out

of

the

steamer

basket

without

tearing

or

spilling

any

of

their

contents.思路点拨

本句的主语是the

best

xiao

long

bao，谓语是have，设空处为非谓语动词。根据allow

sb.

to

do

sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，lift与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用不定式的被动形式，故填to

be

lifted。tobelifted分层特训Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.

（2023·全国甲卷）Behind

the

simple

style,

however,

is

a

serious

message

_________（intend）

for

everyone.intended[解析]

句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是为每个人传达的重要信息。此处在句中作定语，intend与message是被动关系，再结合短语be

intended

for可知应用过去分词，故填intended。2.

（2023·重庆高考模拟调研三）He

thinks

that

China

is

more

willing

______________

（experiment）

with

new

technologies.[解析]

句意：他认为中国更愿意尝试新技术。固定搭配be

willing

to

do

sth.意为“愿意做某事”，experiment在此处为动词。3.

（2023·山东济南3月高三模拟）Although

there

has

been

back

and

forth

in

the

village

development,

the

villagers'

craftsmanship

has

managed

to

survive

the

test

of

time

and

get

________

（carry）

forward.carried[解析]

句意：……但村民的手艺经受住了时间的考验，得以发扬光大。此处为“get

sth.

done”结构，故填carried。toexperiment4.

（2023·重庆高考模拟调研一）In

her

later

years

Qin

spent

much

of

her

time

_______

（take）

care

of

her

son

Jin

Jie,

who

suffered

from

schizophrenia

and

died

at

the

age

of

59

in

2007,

while

carrying

on

with

her

acting

career.[解析]

句意：在秦的晚年，她在继续演艺事业的同时，把大量的时间都花在了照顾患有精神分裂症的儿子金捷身上，金捷于2007年去世，享年59岁。固定搭配spend

time

doing

sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，故填taking。taking5.

（2023·江苏四校高三联考）With

its

sails_______

（fly）

in

the

wind,

a

wooden

Chinese

sailing

ship

stands

still

among

teaching

buildings.flying[解析]

此处为with的复合结构，its

sails与fly为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补，故填flying。6.

Diets

are

useless

in

the

long

term,

yet

approximately

20%

of

teenagers

say

they

have

tried

to

control

their

weight

by

going

on

a

diet

and_________（skip）

meals.skipping[解析]

此处与going

on

a

diet并列，作by的宾语，故使用动名词。7.

People

would

worship

the

sea,________（pray）for

a

good

harvest

and

a

safe

voyage

for

their

loved

ones.praying[解析]

句中已有谓语would

worship，空格处应用非谓语动词作状语。People和pray之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故填praying。8.

In

this

way,

we

had

energy_______（store）

for

when

there

was

no

food.stored[解析]

句意：这样，我们就储存了能量，以备没有食物时使用。此处为“have

sth.

done”结构，动词store和energy之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。9.

In

many

people's

opinion，that

company，though

relatively

small，is

pleasant

________（deal）

with.to

deal[解析]

在“主语+be+形容词+动词不定式”结构中，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，用主动表示被动。10.

Nervously_______（face）

challenges,

I

know

I

will

whisper

to

myself

the

two

simple

words

“Be

yourself”.facing[解析]

设空处作状语，与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填facing。A（2023·山东青岛平度高三二模改编）

Hangzhou

will

build

a

world-class

ecological

and

cultural

tourism

corridor

in

connection

with

Anhui

Province's

Huangshan

City.Five

towns

in

Hangzhou's

Chun'an

County

and

five

towns

in

Huangshan's

Shexian

1._____________

（include）

according

to

the

prepared

plan.

In

ancient

times,

they

were

part

of

Huizhou

region

where

the

Xin'an

River

runs

through.

2.________（date）back

to

the

Tang

Dynasty,

a

trail

3.________（link）

Hangzhou's

Tianmu

Mountain

and

are

includedDatinglinkingⅡ.语法填空Huangshan's

Mount

Huangshan

was

formed

to

exchange

goods

between

the

two

regions.

Over

the

years,

Hangzhou

and

Huangshan

4.___________________________________（preserve）

their

unique

architecture

and

local

ways

of

life

in

old

villages,

5.________（make）

this

area

popular

with

tourists.

The

villages

have

resisted

the

winds

of

change

that

swept

across

many

other

parts

of

China.In

addition

to

architecture,

also,

the

natural

environment

is

being

protected,

with

sewage（污水）6._____________（treat）

and

new

infrastructure

being

built.have

preserved/have

been

preservingmakingbeing

treated

These

7.___________（recognize）

improvements

are

attracting

more

tourists

and

creating

an

engine

for

the

local

economy.

Moreover,

for

those

who

love

hiking,

jogging

or

cycling,

Qiandao

Lake

in

Chun'an

County

is

an

ideal

destination

8._______________

it

boasts（拥有）

winding

roads,

charming

villages,

and

1,078

islands.

In

addition,

Hangzhou

will

also

increase

forest

coverage

along

the

river

in

partnership

with

Huangshan,

which

is

considered

9.__________（match）

perfectly

the

concept

of

“Lucid

waters

and

lush

mountains

are

invaluable

assets”10.____________（highlight）

a

harmonious

relationship

between

ecological

protection

and

economic

development.as/because/sinceto

matchto

highlightrecognizedare

included[解析]

考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：根据事先准备好的规划，杭州淳安县的五个镇和黄山歙县的五个镇被包括在内。分析句子子结构可知，此处应为谓语；句子主语“Five

towns...Shexian”表示复数意义，与include构成被动关系；此处介绍客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are

included。1._____________Dating[解析]

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词date与句子主语a

trail为逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填Dating。3.

________linking[解析]

考查非谓语动词。根据句中谓语“was

formed”可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词“trail”，并与其构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填linking。2.________4.

___________________________________have

preserved/have

been

preserving[解析]

考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，杭州和黄山的老村落一直保存着它们独特的建筑和当地的生活方式，使这一地区受到游客的欢迎。分析句子结构可知，主语为“Hangzhou

and

Huangshan”，表示复数意义，与preserve构成主动关系。根据句中时间状语“Over

the

years”可知，可用现在完成时；结合句意，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作持续进行，故填have

preserved或have

been

preserving。making[解析]

考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作状语。表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填making。6.

_____________being

treated[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：除了建筑，自然环境也得到了保护，污水在处理中，新的基础设施正在建设中。根据介词“with”可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，修饰名词“sewage”，并且treat与其构成被动关系；根据“and...being

built”可知此处应用being

treated，表示“正在被处理”。故填being

treated。5.________recognized[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：这些公认的进步正吸引着更多的游客，并创造着发展当地经济的引擎。分析句子成分可知，设空处作定语修饰名词improvements，与之构成被动关系，应使用过去分词，故填recognized。7.___________as/because/since[解析]

考查连词。句意：此外，对于那些喜欢徒步旅行、慢跑或骑自行车的人来说，淳安县的千岛湖是一个理想的目的地，因为它拥有蜿蜒的道路、迷人的村庄和1，078个岛屿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词；根据句意可知，此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故填as、because或since。8._______________to

match[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，杭州还将与黄山合作，增加沿江森林覆盖率，这被认为完美符合了“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念，以突出生态保护与经济发展的和谐关系。

此处为固定搭配be

considered

to

do

sth.,意为“被认为做某事”。10.

____________to

highlight[解析]

考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处作目的状语，应使用不定式，故填to

highlight。9.__________B（2023·辽宁师大附中高三5月测试改编）

Beijing

Daxing

International

Airport

is

located

46

kilometers

directly

south

of

Tian'anmen

Square

in

Beijing.1._________（look）

like

a

phoenix

（凤凰）,

it

is

in

the

list

of

Seven

Wonders

of

the

Modern

World

by

The

Guardian

（《卫报》）.

From

2015

to

2019,

it

took

only

four

years

for

this

great

project

2.________________（complete）,

which

demonstrates

the

3._________（amaze）

“Chinese

speed”.Lookingto

be

completedamazing

The

airport

covers

an

area

of

about

150

square

kilometers,

with

the

terminal

building

（航站楼）

alone

4._________（cover）

780,000

square

meters,

equivalent

to

100

standard

football

fields.

It

is

worth

5.___________（mention）

that

the

clever

design

takes

passengers

less

than

eight

minutes

to

walk

to

any

gate

6.______the

center

of

the

terminal.coveringmentioningfrom

7.________（know）

as

an

“intelligent

airport”,

the

airport

is

equipped

with

thousands

of

intelligent

devices

and

tens

of

thousands

of

sensors.The

airport

information

center

is

run

with

cutting-edge

technologies

including

cloud

computing

and

5G,

8.____________（contribute）

to

passengers'

comfort

and

convenience.

With

the

help

of

face

check-in,

self-service

check-in,

mobile

phone

query

luggage

location

in

Beijing

Daxing

International

Airport,

you

can

feel

the

new

travel

experience

9._________（bring）

by

high

technology.

More

Chinese

miracles

10.______________（happen）

on

this

land

now.Knowncontributingbroughtare

happeningLooking[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：它看起来像一只凤凰，被《卫报》列为现代世界七大奇迹之一。句中已有谓语，动词look与句子主语it构成主动关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填Looking。2.

________________to

be

completed[解析]

考查非谓语动词。句意：从2015年到2019年，这个伟大的工程只用了四年时间就完成了，展现了惊人的“中国速度”。I