2022-2023学年上海中学高一（上）期末英语试题及答案

上海中学2022学年第一学期高一年级期末练习英语学科II.GrammarandSectionMultiplechoicesDirections:Beneathofthefollowingsentences,fourchoicesmarkedB,CandChoosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Self-drivinganarea________Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthestartingline.A.thatwhereD.whenwhich2.beenmuchfinger-pointinganddebateoverwho________fortheextremeweatherconditions.A.blameshasbeblamedD.3.Ourancestorshadnoirontoolsandwheeledvehicles,theymanagedmovestonesthat________thanahundredtonsthesite.A.weighedwereweighedwereweighingD.4.Theritualsofcoming-of-ageceremoniesarediverse.Butonething________allcoming-of-ageceremonieshavecommon________theyprepareayoungpersononresponsibilitiesasanadult.A.what;thatthat;thatwhat;whetherD.that;what5.HoldenCaulfieldexperienceslittlethenovelTheCatcherthemaintaininghisdisrespectforrules,________Ithinkwhyyoungerreaderssostronglythebook.A.whatwherethatD.which6.InKorea,thethirdMondayofthedaycelebrate________turn19yearsold,knownas‘Coming-of-Age’A.hewhowhoeverthosewhoD.who7.Theopenuniversityaimsprovideuniversityeducationforanyone,________backgroundorpreviouseducationqualificationsheorshehas.A.what8.________glittersnotgold;notallthose________wanderarelost.A.What;whothatWhat;that9.—yourplanfortheholidays?whetherwhateverD.howeverD.that;who—whileareenjoyingyourselfonthebeach,I________onmycouch,watchingSheldon.第1共页A.amsittingbesittinghavesatD.wouldsit10.________ordersitforthecollegeentranceexam?A.WhatshesuggestedhereadWhatdidshesuggesthereadD.shesuggestwhatheshouldreadshesuggestforhimreadCommonsensedemands_______bothsidesoftheproblem.A.heexaminehimexaminehimexamining12.IreadaboutthestoriesbookorDoesmatter________was?A.wherewhathowD.heexaminesD.which13.Thebookhashelpedgreatlymydailycommunication,especiallyatwork________agoodimpressionamust.A.whichwhenasD.where14.Theincrediblescientificdiscoverieswhichwereduringthe19thand20thcenturies________theboom(激增)ofsciencepopculture.A.possiblemadepossiblemadepossiblyD.madepossibly15.thereanypossibility______couldpickmeupattheairport?problem.AwhenthatwhetherD.what16.Thecity________high-risepublichousingtowersandreplacedthemgarden-styleapartments.A.toreawaytoreaparttoredownD.toreat17.Hestrategicabouthis________whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast.A.transition18.Asanadult,returnedhishome_______hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.A.reminisceaboutenrollcenteraroundD.ondeliveryrelevanceD.facility19.InastudypublishedtodaythejournalNature,aUSteamshowedthattheapproachwas________andsafe,butwassuccessfulonlyahandfulofpatients.A.feasiblecasualengagingD.carefree20.research,provedbyfurtherexperiments,could________ofthebiggestmysteriesthe第2共页universe.A.findfaultsetfootonroomforD.castlightonSectionB:GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagestheblanksthepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.theblanksagivenword,eachblanktheproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbesteachblank.‘Coco’Pixartodeepintoareal-world—diversityPixarStudios,forallfameforcreatinghighlydetailedworlds,hasrarelyhadworrytooaboutculturalauthenticity(文化真实性).Evenafterallfamousresearchformovies___21___BraveandRatatouille,thefilmmakershavebeenfreeusetheirimaginations,withoutrealfearofoffendingtoymakersandautomakers.TheBayAreastudiothatcentering“Coco,”whichopened22,onDayoftheDeadholidaywouldenteranentirelydifferentarea,___22___wouldincludenotonlydescriptionsoftraditions,butalsoasignificantincreasecastingknewfromtheearlystagesthatcreatingthisfilm,”co-directorAdrianMolinasaid,“accompanyingwasthishugeresponsibilityrepresent”TheDayoftheDead___23___(celebrate)widelyMexicoeachautumnmemoryofdepartedlovedonesandsupportoftheirjourneytheafterlife.“Coco”centersaroundseveralgenerationsofrelatives,bothlivinganddead,___24___havelessonslearnandlong-buriedfamilysecrets“Somefilmmakerssimply(加入)customsandritualsontoanexistingThatnotatall___25___Pixarworks,”saidMolina,whoofMexicandescent(出身).decidedprettywhenthewasapproved—evenbefore—___26___wewantedtheresearchdone”MolinaupCalif,seeingaspectsofthebutnotothers.wantedexperiencetheholiday:visitthepeople,visitthefamilies,askquestions,photos,”MolinasaidofthePixarresearchfieldtripsMexico.wantedreallyimmerse(沉浸在)ourselves___27___thecelebrationoftheDayoftheDeadwas.Thenwewouldbereadystartdiscussing”ThatanimatedstorycentersaroundaboyMiguel,wholongssingandplaytheguitarpublic,despitehis,grandmother’sbanonmakingmusic.Coco,greatgrandmother,thelastlivinglinkthatlong-agomisunderstandinginvolvingher___28___travelingmusician.acertainlanguageandacertainlanguageacrossgenerations—___29___aliterallanguage,orjusttheactsofanddutyandresponsibilitythatbeingaMolinasaid.“Thoseseemedliketheinterestingthingsfromexperiencethatcouldcompletelyapplythiskid(Miguel)who第3共页feelsoutofplacehis”Molinaalsoapplaudscreativemoveintospecificcultures.“Ifyou’renotwillingaconnectionthestoriesofotherpeopleandletthembetheir____30____(talented)selvesasartists,asperformers,asfilmmakers,”hesaid.“you’remissingoutonwhattheaudiencewants.”“EveryonewantsholdthememoriesoftheonesthathavepassedonMolinasaidof“Coco,”“andsharethosememories,andkeepthemalive.”SectionCompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereonewordthanneed.A.maintainingovercomeG.flexibilityH.establishedThetravelmixingworkdevelopedD.wonderspositionedexploringJ.remotelyrespectively“AfterworkingfromhomeforoveraIneededachangeatmosphere,”Bhaia,aKolkata-basedmarketingentrepreneurandcontentLastsheandafriendwentona15-daythroughParvati____31____thenaturalenvironmentwhilebalancingafullworkloadonalaptop.Thoughshewasusedworking____32____,Bhaiathe‘work-from-anywhere’mentality(思维模式)createdbythepandemicpushedherathatcombinedworkandleisure.“Iknewtravellingwoulddo____33____formentalhealth.Itwouldhelpme____34____thecreativeblockIwashavingaswell,”shesays.Thepopularityofworkcationsseemconflictthefirmly____35____ideathatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart–afterall,betterawarenessofwork-relatedmentalhealthstressorshasleftusconsciousthaneveroftheimportanceof____36____boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.expertsthattheadaptabilitydevelopedduringthepandemichas____37____uswellenjoyabreakthatcombinesworkandAndgiventhebenefitsworkersseethem–likemorechancesexplorenewplaceswhilefulfillingourday-to-dayresponsibilities–workcationsarelikelyapracticelastingwellbeyondthepandemic.Ofcourse,theremaywellbepeoplewhoprefercommitfullyeitherworkorratherthancombinetheactivities.Rachelprofessoroftourism,thatwhetherpeopleenjoytheworkcationexperiencedependonvarietyofindividualpersonalitiesandbehaviouralchoices”;mayfeeltheyareonlyonholidaytheyaretotallyfreefromforexample.Butsuspectsthatmanywhite-collarworkers第4共页have____38____theskillsneededpullworkcationsduringthepandemic.behaviourshavebeenforcedchange,”shesays.school,homewherehaveallbeentrainedswitch:‘OK,nowhaveaZoommeeting’.Ithinkafterthepastyears,canswitchfromonethingthenext____39____.”Giventhelevelofinterestfromworkersnowaccustomedstayingproductivemultipleenvironments,workcationslooklikeapracticeherelongascompaniescarewhereyou’reworkingfrom,”Accommodatingworkersbecompanies’interests;alreadyclearthat____40____bekeepingworkers,especiallyasthenewgenerationofworkers,valuetheabilityworkfromanywhere.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionClozeForblankinthefollowingpassagefourwordsorphrasesmarkedB,CandFillinblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.alreadybefamiliarrecentfindingsthatsuggestchildrenasyoungassixmonthswhoreadbookstheirparentsseveraltimesaweekshowstrongerliteracyskillsfouryearsscorehigheronintelligencetests,andlandbetterjobsthannonreaders.Butrecentresearchthatreadingmaybejustasimportant____41____.Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(习得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioningbigput:____42____powerincreasesbrain____43____whyandwhateachofuscandotheoutofourwords,startbyaskingthequestiontheteamdid:Whataboutreadingbooksparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage“deepreading.”skimmingapageofheadlines,readingabookforcesyourbrainthinkcriticallyand____44____fromonechapterandtheoutsideworld.Whenassociations,sodoesyourbrain,literallybuildingnewpathwaysbetweenregionsallfourlobes(脑叶)andbothhemispheres.time,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____45____againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay(认知衰退).____46____,readingbooks,especiallyfiction,hasbeenshownincreaseempathy(共鸣)andemotionalintelligence.One2013studyfoundthatparticipantswhoreadjustthefirstpartorchapterofastoryshowedanoticeableincreaseempathyoneweekwhile____47____readersshowedadecrease.Thesefindingssound____48____,butthey’renot;developingsocialtoolssuchasempathyandemotionalintelligencecanleadmore(andpositive)humaninteraction,which____49____canlowerstresslevels—bothofwhichareproved第5共页helplivelongerandnotsaythatmagazines,newspapers,andarticlesarewithout_____50_____.Readinganythingthatyourmindandexposesnewwords,phrases,andfactsseemscarry_____51_____benefits.Newresearchindicatesthata_____52_____leadamoreflexiblemindbyfuelingwhatscientistscallcognitivereserve(认知储备).Onewaythinkaboutthisreserveasyourabilityadapt_____53_____.Justasyourbloodcellshelpcoveracutonyourknee,cognitivereservehelpsyourbraincellsfindnewmentalpathwaysaroundareasdamagedbystroke,dementia,andotherformsofThiscouldexplainafterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnoutharboradvancedofAlzheimer’sdiseasetheirbrainsdespiteshowingfew_____54_____.theircognitivereserve,researcherssuspect,thatallowseniors_____55_____hiddenbraindamage.41.A.childhood42.A.MemoryadulthoodFluencybelieveeducationLiteraturequestionequivalentsdefenseD.occupationD.43.A.understand44.A.explorations45.A.appealD.confessconnectionsstruggleHoweverregularD.judgmentsD.warningD.Instead46.A.Consequently47.A.newsBesidesmindD.occasionalD.insignificantD.thefullD.opportunitiesD.social48.A.inevitable49.A.themeantime50.A.advantages51.A.physicalunofficialdateundeniableturnweaknessesmentalthreatseconomicvocabularyincreaseasusualused52.A.proportion53.A.decreasebrainD.rangechangeD.D.54.A.asbefore55.A.lookdownontotalupforD.outofSectionB:ReadingcomprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForofthemfourchoicesmarkedB,CandChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejusthaveDante,ShakespeareandDu(712—770).Thesepoetscreatethevaluesbywhichpoetry第6共页judged,”saidHarvardprofessorStephenOwenFu,Poet,aDespitethefactthatDuusuallymentionedthebreathasDanteandShakespeare,hehasremainedunknowntheworldforlong.thescreeningofthefirstEnglish-languagedocumentaryfeatureaboutthepoet,daysofDuasbest-keptliteraryseemtoItwrittenandpresentedbyMichaelaskilledtelevisionhistorianwhoalsodirectedotherChina-relateddocumentariessuchasStoryofChina(2016)andStoryofReformandOpeningUp(2018).FromtheRivertheanddowntheforestedhillsofHunanprovince,visitedanumberofplacessuchasthebirthplaceHenanprovinceandDynastycapitalChang’an,Xi’an.Alongthehemetandordinarypeople,dancersandmusicians,whohelpedtellthefantasticstoryofthepoet.InterviewsfamousscholarsspecializingChineseliteraturealsohelpedpresentaclearerpictureoftheexperiences,literarysignificanceandhisfriendshipBai,anothergreatChinesepoet.Born712Dulivedtheamarkedbyextraordinaryculturalachievements.,afteraunrest,Dutheformercivilservantatthecourt,wasforcedbeaandsufferedfromstarvation.Throughupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedpouringouthisconcernforhis-countryandpeopleaswellascelebratingthesimpleoflife.poetryreflectsthehistoricaleventsmirroredhisownspiritualsohebecomesapartoftheemotionalvocabularyofChineseculture,saidStephenOwen,who2016completedtheeight-year-longprojecttranslate1,400poemsintoEnglish.56.Theunderlinedpartparagraph2impliesthatthedocumentaryhelp________.A.createthevaluesofpoetrytheknowmoreaboutDukeepthesecretsDupoemsD.Dubecomeoneofthetop3poets57.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Ducolorfulexperiences.LocaladmirationforDu第7共页Famousscholars’researchfindingsonDuD.Michaeleffortmakingthe58.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDuA.Inspiringandhelpful.andresponsible.Easy-goingandcareful.D.Generousandhardworking.59.Whatprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.DupoetrywinsrecognitionDupoemsaretranslatedintoEnglishdocumentaryreflectsChinesecultureD.documentarypresentsShakespeare(B)Polo(1254—1324)OnSeptember15,Marcowasbornwealthyfatheranduncle,NicoloandMaffeoPolo,setsailfromConstantinopletheCrimeaona12541260trading126212691271NicoloandMaffeoreceivedaninvitationChinatheKublai(忽必烈).NicoloandreturnedMarcoaccompaniedhisfatheranduncleonajourneythroughtheHolyLand,PersiaandandtheEmpireofChina.1274ThetravellersreachedChinaafterathree-yearMarcofatherandunclerenewedtheirfriendlyacquaintancetheKublaiKhanandpresentedhimpapal(教皇的)letters.Theyweregivenimportantpositionsathiscourtreturn.MarcolearnedspeaktheChineselanguage.1275Marcowasappointedasanenvoy(使节)fortheKublaiandtraveledthroughChinaonhismissions.MarcotraveledthroughAsiaworkingfortheKublaiKhanandwaseventuallyappointedasagovernorofoneofhiscities.1292AmarriagewasarrangedforthedaughterofKublaiKhan,thePrincessCocachin,andthePolosaccompaniedtheweddingconsistingofafleetoffourteenships,Persia.1293ThePolosstayedPersiacelebratetheweddingandthenheadedtowardstheBlacktheirwayback第8共页1295Marcoarrivedthefinestcollectionofjewelseverseen.wasatwarMarcowasmadea“gentlemancommander”ofashipjoinedthebattleofGenoa.1298KurzolaandhewastakenasaprisonerofwarbytheGenoese.WhenhewasprisonhemetawritercalledRustichellodaanddictated(口述)himanaccountofhistravelsandexperiencesChina,Japan,andotherEasterncountries.129960.WhendidthePolosstarttheirjourneytowardstheEmpireofChina?A.1262.1269.1271.MarcowasreleasedasaprisonerofwarGenoa.D.1274.61.MarcofatheranduncleweregivenimportantpositionsthecourtoftheKublaiKhan.Itwasprobablybecause________.A.theywerewealthytraderstheyweresuccessfuladventurerstheybroughtChinapapallettersD.theylearntspeaktheChineselanguage62.Accordingthetimeline,whatwasthelastthingthatMarcodidbeforereturningA.HemarriedthedaughteroftheKublaiKhan.HeaccompaniedPrincessCocachinPersia.Hewasthecommanderofafleet.D.HedictatedanaccountofhistravelstheEast.cantellalotaboutgeneralstateofmindbasedontheirsocialmediafeeds.Aretheyalwaystweetingabouttheirbiggestannoyancesorpostingpicturesofparticularlycutekitties?Inasimilarfashion,researchersareturningforcluesabouttheoverallhappinessofentiregeographiccommunities.Whatthey’refindingthatregionalvariationtheuseofcommonphrasesproducespredictionsthatalwaysreflectthelocalstateofwell-being.Butremovingfromtheiranalysesjustthreespecificterms—good,and—greatlyimprovestheaccuracyofthemethods.livingacrazyCOVID-19era.Andnowmorethanwe’reusingsocialmediaadaptanewnormalandreachoutthefriendsandfamilythatwemeetface-to-face.JaidkastudiescomputationallinguisticsattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.“Butourwordsusefuljustunderstandwhatwe,asindividuals,thinkandfeel.They’realsousefulcluesaboutthecommunitywelivein.”Oneofthesimplermethodsthatscientistsuseanalyzethedatainvolvescorrelatingwords第9共页positiveornegativeemotions.Butwhenthoserecordsarecomparedphonethatassessregionalwell-being,Jaidkasays,theypaintanaccuratepictureofthelocalZeitgeist(时代精神).Beingableanaccuratereadonthemoodofthepopulationnolaughingparticularlyimportanttheofwherewe’reexpectingamentalhealthcrisisandwe’realreadyseeingsurveydatathedecreasesubjectivewell-being10yearsatleast,not”findoutJaidkaandherteamanalyzedbillionsoftweetsfromaroundtheUnitedStates.Andtheyfoundthatamongthemostfrequentlyusedtermsonareandgood.AndtheyactuallythrowtheanalysisWhythedisconnect?“Internetlanguagereallyadifferentbeastthanregularspokenlanguage.adaptedwordsfromtheEnglishvocabularydifferentthingsdifferentsituations.”Jaidka.forexample,tweetedthewordexpressannoyanceandsometimesjustpuresurprise.Whenthemethodsformeasuringasamarkerofhappinesswerecreatedthe1990s,meantlaughingoutloud.”“Thereareplentyoftermsthatarelessmisleading,”Jaidka.“Ourmodelstellusthatwordsexcited,fun,great,interesting,fantasticandthosearebetterwordsformeasuringsubjectivewell-being.”63.Theresearchersturnsocialmediafeeds_______.A.helptheanalysisofsubjectivewell-beinglocatethemostfrequentlyusedwordsprovethedisconnectbetweenlanguageandemotionsD.thepredictionmethod64.Inregularspokenlanguage,whichofthefollowingmostlikelytheblank“Fantastic!_______”A.Howhecanaffordsuchaluxurycar?leftthebookonthebusagain.Agoodmovie,definitelyworthseeing!D.WhydoIhavedothechoresagain?65.HowdidJaidkaknowtheanalysisaccurate?A.reflectthemoodoftheentiregeographicIttheassessmentresultofthephonesurveys.ItconsiderthefeaturesofInternetlanguage.D.theregionalvariationsintoaccount.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsJaidkamostprobablyagreewith?A.Face-to-facecommunicationneededensurehappiness.Internetuseforthedecreasesubjectivewell-being.Internetlanguageshouldbeabandonedasasourceofscientificanalysis.D.Lessmisleadingwordsshouldbeusedassessingsubjectivewell-being.Areapersonwhenspeakaforeignlanguage?justoneofthequestionsNewwriterandnativeNorthCarolinianLaurenCollinsexploresherengagingabouthertoughmasterFrenchaftermarryingaFrenchmanwhose—Olivier—shecouldn’tevenpronounceWhenrangesfromthehumorouslypersonaladeeperlookatvarioustheoriesoflanguageacquisitionandlinguistics.ThecoupleLondon“onorlessneutralground:hiscontinent,mylanguage.”ButthebalanceshiftedwhentheymovedGenevaforThenormallyvolubleCollinsfoundherselfataloss—“nearlyspeechless.”Thelanguageandherdependenceonherhusbandforsimplethingslikebuyingthecutofmeatworsenedhermixedfeelingsaboutbutnotridiculous”Geneva.comments,“Language,asmuchasland,aplace.becutfrombe,asense,homeless.”Hersenseofalienation(疏离感)leadsanexaminationofmiserablerecordwhencomesforeignlanguages:“LinguistscallAmerica‘thegraveyardoflanguages’becauseofsingularabilitymillionsofimmigrantsandtheirnativelanguagesdieoutafewgenerations,”Collinswrites.EducatedN.C.,andatPrinceton,shecould—likethemajorityofAmericans—onlyspeaktheirmothertongue.EightmonthsaftershemovedSwitzerland,CollinsgaveuponthenaturalacquisitionoflanguageandfinallyenrollsaFrenchcourse.AsshestrugglesgrammarandCollinsnotessmartlythatvert(green),(glass),ver(worm),vers(toward),andvair(squirrel)composeaquintuplehomonym(同形异义).“AlthoughFrenchcanbetried,”shesays.FrenchactuallyconsideredamongtheeasiestlanguagesforanEnglishspeakerlearn,especiallycomparedArabicorMandarinChinese.Collins,whosenotablyrichEnglishvocabularyincludesglossolalia(nonsensespeech)andshibboleth(catchwordorslogan),findsplentyofterrificFrenchwordslove.writes,“Englishatrustfund,anunearnedinheritance,butI’veworkedforeverybitofFrenchbanked.”UnlikeJhumpaLahiri,whobecamesohookedonItalianandusedInOther,Collins’goalsforlearningFrenchweremoremodest:wantedspeakFrenchandsoundlikeNorthCarolina.”also第共页wantedbeabledealchimneysweepsandbutchers,communicateherin-laws,and“totouchOlivierhisownlanguage.”SheadmitsthatshefeelsspeakingFrench:“Itsausterity(朴素)feelmoreconfused.”67.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtheunderlinedword“voluble”Paragraph2?A.Graceful.Dependent.D.68.WhydolinguistscallAmerica“thegraveyardoflanguages”?A.BecauseotherlanguagesareprohibitedAmerica.BecauseonlyEnglish-speakingpeoplecanimmigrateintoAmerica.Becauseimmigrants’nativelanguagescontradictEnglishAmerica.D.BecauseAmericancultureswallowsupimmigrants’nativelanguages69.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4andParagraph5?A.Collins’EnglishvocabularyknowledgecontributeslittleherFrenchlearning.CollinshasfoundoutofmasteringFrenchwords.ArabicorMandarinChineseeasierlearnthanFrenchforEnglishspeakers.D.terrifyingforCollinshaveFrenchwordsstoreforpracticaluse.70.TheexampleofJhumpaLahirithepassagegivenshowthat________.A.CollinsaimsatusingFrenchforherdailylife.CollinswantsapplyFrenchserveherwriting.inappropriateforJhumpaLahirianotherlanguage.D.foreignlanguagealwaysmakeslearnersfeelcomplicatedaboutlife.thefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.71.我们不应对期待过高，因为他的表现远不尽如人意。(expect)(汉译英)72.这位旅行者有着坚定的决心，难怪能克服重重阻碍。(wonder)(汉译英)73.罗马文明源远流长，杰作比比皆是，这对后世影响深远。(which)(汉译英)答案解析II.GrammarandSectionMultiplechoicesDirections:Beneathofthefollowingsentences,fourchoicesmarkedB,CandChoosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Self-drivinganarea________Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthestartingline.A.thatwhereD.whenwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。此处是限定areawherewhich选。2.beenfinger-pointinganddebateoverwho________fortheextremeweatherconditions.A.blames【答案】D【解析】hasbeblamedD.【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：对于谁应该为极端天气状况负责，人们有很多的指责和争论。根据句意可知，此处表示“某人应受责备”，应用固定搭配beblame，表主动表示被动，故选D。3.Ourancestorshadnoirontoolsandwheeledvehiclestheymanagedmovestonesthat________,thanahundredtonsthesite.A.weighedwereweighedwereweighingD.【答案】A【解析】100多吨的石头运到了现场。分析句子可知，句子为“that”引导的限制性定语从句，“that”代指先行词“stonesmanagedweigh”意为“有……重”，“stones”和“weigh”为主动关系，“weigh”的过去式为“weighed”，故空格处应填“weighed”。故选A4.Theritualsofcoming-of-ageceremoniesarediverse.Butonething________allcoming-of-ageceremonieshavecommon________theyprepareayoungpersononresponsibilitiesasanadult.A.what;that【答案】B【解析】that;thatwhat;whetherD.that;what【详解】考查定语从句的关系代词、表语从句的连接词。句意：成人礼的仪式是多种多样的。但所有的成人礼都有的一个共同点是它们让年轻人做好成年后承担责任的准备。第一空考查限制性定语从句，先行词为onethinghave4that后，后接陈述句，为表语从句，应用连接词that，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。故选B5.HoldenCaulfieldexperienceslittlegrowththenovelTheCatcherthemaintaininghisdisrespectforrules,________Ithinkwhyyoungerreaderssostronglythebook.A.whatwherethatD.which【答案】D【解析】着对规则的不尊重，我认为这就是为什么年轻读者如此强烈地喜欢这本书的原因。分析句子可知，空格后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“霍尔顿·考尔菲德在小说《麦田里的守望者》中经历了很少的成长，保持着对规则的不尊重”这件事，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故选D6.InKorea,thethirdMondayofthedaycelebrate________turn19yearsold,knownas‘Coming-of-Age’A.hewho【答案】B【解析】whoeverthosewhoD.who5月的第三个星期一是庆祝人们19日”。分析句式结构可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，在分析句意，此处用whoever表示“无Cwhothose祝那些成为19岁的孩子”，搭配不正确，celebrate后面宾语一般接事情，而不是人。故选B7.Theopenuniversityaimsprovideuniversityeducationforanyone,________backgroundorpreviouseducationqualificationsheorshehas.A.whatwhetherwhateverD.however【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：开放大学旨在给任何人提供大学教育，无论他或她之前有什么教育背景和A.whatwhetherwhateverD.howeverAwhatC项带入表示“无论他或她之前有什么教育背景和资质”逻辑通顺。故选C8.________glittersnotgold;notallthose________wanderarelost.A.What;who【答案】D【解析】thatWhat;thatD.that;who【详解】考查定语从句先行词和关系词。句意：不是所有的金子都会发光；浪迹天涯，未必迷失本性。“_____isnotgoldall_____glitters”glittersallthat来引导定语从句。所以第一空是that。“notallthose________wanderarelost”中those是先行词，指人，“________wander”是定语从句，从句缺少主语，应用who来引导，故用。故选D9.—yourplanfortheholidays?—whileareenjoyingyourselfonthebeach,I________onmycouch,watchingSheldon.A.amsittingbesittinghavesatD.wouldsit【答案】B【解析】——你假期有什么计划?——A.amsitting现在进行时；besitting将来进行时havesat将来完成时；D.wouldsitB10.________ordersitforthecollegeentranceexam?A.Whatshesuggestedhereadshesuggestforhimread【答案】BWhatdidshesuggesthereadD.shesuggestwhatheshouldread【解析】?本句的插入语为“didshesuggest”后接句子用虚拟语气“he(should)read”,特殊疑问词“what”置于句首。故选ACommonsensedemands_______bothsidesoftheproblem.A.heexamine【答案】A【解析】himexaminehimexaminingD.heexamines【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：常识要求他审视问题的两面。demand意为“要求”，表示“要求、建议和命令”等相关的从句谓语用虚拟语气，即主格+should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A12.IreadaboutthestoriesbookorDoesmatter________was?A.wherewhathowD.which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我在某本书上读到过这两个故事，哪一本书重要吗？分析句子可知，为bookorother”，可知此处应指“哪一本书”，故选D。13.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlydailycommunication,especiallyatwork________agoodimpressionamust.A.whichwhenasD.where【答案】D【解析】必须的。句中的先行词为work，在从句agoodimpressionmust中作地点状语，故用关系副词whereD正确。14.Theincrediblescientificdiscoverieswhichweremadeduringthe19thand20thcenturies________theboom(激增)ofsciencepopculture.A.madepossible【答案】BpossiblemadepossiblyD.possibly【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：19世纪和20世纪取得的令人难以置信的科学发现使流行文化中科学的繁荣make+宾语+过长时，形容词作宾补可以在宾语之前，即为“make+宾补（形容词）宾语（名词短语）”且句意合理。B15.thereanypossibility______couldpickupattheairport?—Noproblem.A.whenthatwhether【答案】BD.what【解析】【分析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：--你有可能来飞机场接我们吗?--没问题。when什么时间；that在宾语从句中没有意义；whether是否；whatpossibility，从句句意完整，成分齐全，故用连接词that，故选。16.Thecity________high-risepublichousingtowersandreplacedthemgarden-styleapartments.A.toreaway【答案】C【解析】toreaparttoredownD.toreatA.toreawaytoreaparttoredownD