统考版2025届高考英语一轮复习限时提分练三十八选修⑧Unit3Inventorsandinventions含解析

PAGE限时提分练(三十八)选修⑧Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.阅读理解A[2024·惠州市高三第一次调研]China'sdomesticallydevelopedBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystemhasbeenwidelyusedinmanypublicsectorsandbusinessfieldsathomeandabroad.BeidouhasbeenusedindozensofbusinessandpublicsectorfieldsinChina,includingtransportation,electricpowertransmission,fisheries,miningandagriculture.TensofmillionsofBeidou­basedterminal(终端)deviceshavebeensoldandareinuse.Bytheendof2024，morethan100millionBeidou­basednavigationchips,modulesandotherproductshadbeensold.Thesystemhadbythenbeenfixedinnearly6.6milliontaxis,busesandtrucksaroundChinaaswellasmorethan70,000fishingshipsacrossthecountry.Beidou­enabledfunctionsarealsousedinatleast50,000agriculturalmachinesandhaveimprovedtheiroperationalefficiency.Morethan70percentofmobilephonesregisteredinChinaarecapableofutilizingBeidousignals.Inthepublicsecurityfield,morethan400,000portableterminalsusedbythepoliceacrossthecountryhaveBeidou­enabledpositioningfunctions.Beidouhasalsoplayedimportantrolesinsecurityworkforhigh­levelevents.Globally,bytheendof2024,ChineseproductsbasedonBeidouhadbeensoldtomorethan120foreigncountriesandregions,playingahelpfulroleinanumberofpublicsectorfields.Forinstance,BeidouhashelpedRussiaimproveitselectricgridinspections(电网检测),madeoperationsmoreconvenientforunmannedaircraftusersinCambodia,andpromotedmanagementefficiencyofmanywarehousesinThailand.1．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“utilizing”inParagraph2?A．Transforming. B．Using.C．Passing. D．Strengthening.2．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．BeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem'snavigationisaccessible.B．BeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem'spositioningservicesvaryinquality.C．BeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem'sapplicationsspreadaroundtheglobe.D．BeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem'soperationalefficiencyimprovesrapidly.3．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A．Technology. B．Education.C．Travel. D．Society.B[2024·日照市高三第一次校际联合考试]SinceNovemberlastyear,cyclistsinthenorthernDutchtown,Krommenie,havebeenpartofarevolutionaryexperiment—alengthof70metersofthetown'smainbikewayhasbeenresurfacedwithalayerofglasstiles(地砖)treatedwithanon­slipcoating.Thepanels,_whicharelaidonabedofconcrete,areonlyonecentimeterthickbutit'swhat'sinsidetheglassthatmakesthemtrulyimpressive—eachindividualsectioncontainsasolarcellandtogethertheyformonelongenergyproductionnetwork.Therewereanumberofreasonstostartwithabikepath.Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.Inabikepath,theloadsarenottooheavyandtherequirementsarenottoosevere.TheKrommenieexperimenthasthreegoals.Oneistoseehowitperformstechnicallyandwhattheenergyproductionis.Thesecondgoalistoknowwhatthesatisfactionoftheusersis:dotheyhaveanykindofdiscomfortornegativeperception(看法)?Andthelastthingistoseeiftheroadmanagersarecomfortablewiththistypeofroadwhichiscompletelynew.Morethan150,000cyclistshaveusedthebikepathinthefirstsixmonthsofitsoperationandthetrialhasmetwithnoseriousproblems,evenduringrecenttestingusingheavyweightvehicles.Somewearandtearonthenon­slipcoatingwasexpectedandhasbeenrepaired.Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panels”inthefirstParagraphreferto?A．Bikeways. B．Glasstiles.C．Solarcells. D．Non­slipcoatings.5．Whywastheexperimentstartedwithabikepath?A．Itisveryeasytobuild.B．Itischeapandlight.C．Itisfrequentlyused.D．Itisworkableandsafe.6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofsolarpanelroads?A．Promising. B．ChangeableC．Uncertain. D．Impractical.7．Whatcanweinferaboutthesolarpanelroad?A．Itstrialwasagreatsuccesswithnoproblems.B．Ithasnolimittotheweightofheavyvehicles.C．Itcannotbeputintoregularuseatthemoment.D．Itsmanagementwillbedifficultandexpensive.Ⅱ.完形填空[2024·成都市中学毕业班第三次诊断]ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8：15inthemorningwassoloudthatheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouse.Ashegotupto__1__，heheardanothersound,thisonecomingmostdefinitelyfromthe__2__.Throughhisbedroomwindow,hespiedatreesurroundedby__3__about500yardsaway.A__4__wrappedthetree'sbasewithitsengineonfire.__5__，Languellgrabbedbucketsofwaterandrantothecrashsite.Thecarwas__6__nearlyintotwo.Nooneshouldhave__7__thiscrash,andyettherewas16­year­oldQuintinThompson,hisfacepressed__8__thedriver'ssidewindow,invisible__9__.Languelltried__10__thefirewithhisbucketsofwater,butwithno__11__.“Thatwasreallyawful.Whentheflamegotintothefrontseats,I__12__Ihadtogethimoutofthere，”hetoldWAGM­TV.Inanactthatapolicereportdescribedasshowing“__13__disregardforhisownsafety”，Languellopenedthebackdoorofthecarand__14__in.“That'swhenInoticedhow__15__hislegswere.”Usingapocketknifehe'dhadwithhim,he__16__Thompson'sseatbelt.Then,he__17__theteenoutofabackwindowanddraggedhimto__18__“beforetheentirecarexploded”，thepolicestated.Languellthinksaboutthatdayoften.Displayingthesortofempathy(同感)that__19__himtohelptheteen,hetoldWAGM­TV,“My__20__goesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofinjury,youfeelitsodirectly.”1．A.work B．exerciseC．check D．discover2．A.downside B．outsideC．inside D．upside3．A.people B．fogC．leaves D．smoke4．A.car B．ropeC．bus D．cloth5．A.Constantly B．ObviouslyC．Hesitantly D．Immediately6．A.burned B．splitC．pressed D．stuck7．A.survived B．witnessedC．suffered D．reported8．A.with B．againstC．by D．on9．A.peace B．silenceC．pain D．excitement10．A.covering B．catchingC．pouring D．stopping11．A.success B．harmC．effort D．luck12．A.expected B．realizedC．concluded D．assumed13．A.little B．limitedC．complete D．some14．A.crawled B．jumpedC．ran D．stepped15．A.long B．coldC．bad D．ugly16．A.toreapart B．gaveupC．putaway D．cutoff17．A.pulled B．threwC．held D．hugged18．A.house B．groundC．safety D．distance19．A.forced B．droveC．advised D．shocked20．A.feet B．choiceC．hope D．heart限时提分练(三十八)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——北斗卫星导航系统的广泛运用【语篇解读】我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统已广泛应用于国内外很多公共部门和商业领域，如国内的交通、电力传输、渔业、采矿和农业等商业和公共部门；此外，基于北斗的产品已销往多个国家和国外地区。1．答案与解析：B考查词义揣测。通读其次段可知，该段主要讲了北斗卫星导航系统在中国的应用。再分析画线词所在句可知，其表示在中国注册的70%以上的手机能运用北斗信号。故B项正确。2．答案与解析：C考查细微环节理解。通读全文可知，本文的主题句为“China'sdomesticallydevelopedBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystemhasbeenwidelyusedinmanypublicsectorsandbusinessfieldsathomeandabroad”，文章主要介绍了北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛运用，故C项正确。3．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了我国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统在国内外的广泛运用，据此可以推断，本文最可能摘自报纸的“科技”栏目，故A项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——技术创新——太阳能电池板道路【语篇解读】该文介绍了自去年11月以来，位于荷兰北部小镇Krommenie的一条70米长的城镇主自行车道被一层用防滑涂层处理的玻璃地砖重铺了路面。尽管其造价昂扬，但探讨者预料当该技术进入大规模生产时，其成本会下降。4．答案与解析：B考查词义揣测。依据panels后面的修饰它的非限制性定语从句的意思“铺设在混凝土基座上”和本句后半部分提到的“每个单独的部分都包含一个太阳能电池”可知，panels指的应当是前面讲到的“glasstiles”，故选B。5．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据其次段中的“Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers”可知，选择自行车道起先试验的缘由在于这样做既可行又平安，故D项正确。6．答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据最终一段中的“Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction”可以推断，作者认为太阳能电池板道路前景好，故选A。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；changeable“可能改变的，易变的”；impractical“不现实的”。7．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。依据最终一段中的“Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing”可以推断，当前太阳能电池板道路还不适合投入正常运用，故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经验——从着火的车中救人【语篇解读】本文讲解并描述了DamianLanguell不顾个人安危，从着火的车中救出一位少年的故事。1．答案与解析：C'上一句说Languell被巨大的声音吵醒，所以他应是起床去检查(check)。2．答案与解析：B'依据空后的“Throughhisbedroomwindow...500yardsaway”可知，声音来自外面。downside“缺点，不利方面”；upside“好的一面，正面”。3．答案与解析：D'由第一段最终的“withitsengineonfire”可知，树的四周都是烟。4．答案与解析：A'依据下文中的“Thecar”可知，一辆汽车围围着树的底部。5．答案与解析：D'依据语境并结合所给选项可推知，Languell马上(Immediately)