备战2025年高考二轮复习 英语 题组限时满分练1 　阅读理解 七选五阅读（含解析）

满分练(一)阅读理解+七选五阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024山东泰安二模)LiveandlearnlikeacollegestudentthissummeratCarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI).BeginningonMarch15,SLAIisanimmersive(沉浸式的)summerlearningexperienceforcurrent10thand11thgraderstoexploreliberalartsthroughrigorousandexperientialcurriculum.Ifyouareacademicallycurious,excitedaboutlearning,andthriveincooperativeworkenvironments,SLAIistheprogramforyou!AtSLAI,youwillconnectwithlike-mindedpeersfromalloverthenationandworld,allwhileearningcollegecreditandlearningfromtop-rankedCarletonfaculty,whoareexpertsintheirfield.Choosefrom6programs,withtopicsin:History&Literature,Storytelling,Sociology,STEM,ComputerScienceandNeuroscience.StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6withimprovedcollege-levelreading,writing,andresearchskills,anincreasedknowledgeoftopicsandmajorstheymaywanttostudyinthefuture,andageneralsenseofpreparednessforcollege.Duringtheprogram,studentsspendtheirmorningsandafternoonsinclass,conductingresearch,andinhands-onlabs.Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday,fromfrisbeetobeadingtomakings’mores.Weekendfieldtripstoattractionsinsurroundingcitiesarealsoincludedintheprogram.Pastdestinationshaveincludedamusementparks,museums,orevenadayatthelake!Visitourwebsitetoapplytoday!Wehavetworoundsofapplicationreview.ThefirstdeadlineisonFebruary5,andthesecondandfinaldeadlineisonMarch11.Need-basedscholarshipsareavailable.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了CarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI)的课程内容、活动安排以及申请方式等信息。1.HowlongwillSLAIlast?A.About1week.B.About2weeks.C.About3weeks.D.About4weeks.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“BeginningonMarch15...rigorousandexperientialcurriculum.”和文章第三段中“StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6”可知,SLAI将持续大约三周。2.WhatsetsSLAIapartfromotherlearningexperiences?A.Participantscanhaveaccesstohands-onlabs.B.Participantscanapplyforitonlineorinperson.C.Itenablesparticipantstoengageinsocialactivities.D.Itensuresparticipantstolearnwithcollegestudents.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday”可知,SLAI与其他学习经历的不同之处在于它使参与者能够参与社会活动。3.HowcanSLATbenefitparticipants?A.Itenhancesawarenessofpreparednessforcollege.B.Itcanimprovetheircollege-levellistening.C.Ithelpsparticipantsgetcollegescholarships.D.Itoffersthetopictheyarefondoffreely.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知,SLAI提高了为大学做准备的意识。B(2024湖北武汉二模)Bythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(画布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.WithAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron”,runningthroughJune2024,drewattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyofferedsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscouldwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings—averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(从头开始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了抽象画家哈罗德·科恩利用计算机程序Aaron创作艺术的先驱性工作,及其在纽约惠特尼美术馆的展览回顾。4.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity.B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination.D.Theuniversity’ssupport.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Maybetherearemoreinteresting...thathenamedAaron.”可知,Aaron的诞生源于哈罗德的好奇心。5.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Aaronusesthisknowledge...relyondatabasesofimages.”可知,Aaron的不同之处在于它不依赖现有的数据库,而是能够自己做出决策和创作。6.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheWhitneyofferedsomething...thesoftwareproduceart.”可知,参观者在“HaroldCohen:Aaron”展览上能做的是观察Aaron现场创作艺术。7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.Ashowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.答案B解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了艺术家HaroldCohen创造的世界上第一个用于精细艺术领域的人工智能软件Aaron,以及纽约惠特尼美国艺术博物馆举办的展示Aaron及其作品的展览。因此,文章主要讲述的是艺术界首个人工智能的展览。C(2024湖北武汉二模)Peruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersthataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listedinthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”Peru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Themassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍秘鲁准备通过新的法律,以便更容易地调查和惩罚进行学术作弊的研究人员并解释作弊的原因和现象等。8.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientists...andsalarybonuses.”可知,秘鲁最近从国家注册中心取消2名科学家的资格来解决学术作弊问题。9.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.答案C解析词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“becausetheyenableresearchers...individualsareoperatingacademiccheating”可推断,上文意思是国会议员EdwardMálagaTrillo说,不诚实的出版行为“超越了单纯的道德不端行为”,所以transcend意为“超越”,和“Gobeyond”同义。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Onecause,someresearcherssay...paymentsandcareerpromotion.”可知,研究人员会想办法提高论文的发表量,这样就会导致虚假作者的数量增加。11.Whatmightthemostsuspicionbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith?A.Careerpromotion.B.Consistentresearchfocus.C.FewcitationsbyPuntoFinal.D.Co-authorsfromvariouscountries.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Manyofthepapers...Monteblancosays.”可知,最值得怀疑的可能是拥有来自不同国家的合著者。D(2024湖南岳阳二模)Richvarietyexistsinprimates(灵长目动物).MonkeysrollonsnowyJapanesemountains,gorillaschewfruitonSumatra,lemursjumpbetweentreesinMadagascar,andthenakedapes—humans—walkproudlyontwolegsworldwide.ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomes(基因组)from233species.Tounderstandthegoodandbadofhumanevolution—bothourextraordinaryadaptationsanddisease-causingchanges—scientistsmustcomparethegenomesofHomosapiens(智人)toourclosestevolutionaryrelatives,theprimates.Butresearchersinvestigatingdiversetopics,fromcontemporarygeneticdiseasestohumanorigins,havelongfacedaroadblockwhenpursuingthisapproach:Whilegenomicdataexistsfrommillionsofpeople,mostofthe500-plusprimatespeciesneverhadtheirgenomesread.So,in2019,TomàsMarquès-BonetattheInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,inBarcelona,Spain,andotherbiologiststeamedupwithdiseaseresearchersatthecompanyIllumina,determinedtoobtainasmanyprimategenomesaspossible.Navigatingwildernessandlocalpermittinglaws,theinternationalresearchersobtainedhundredsofbloodsamplesfromwildandcagedanimalsinSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia.ArrangingDNAfromthesesamplesandaddingdatafrompreviousstudies,theteambuiltabankof809genomesfromindividualbaboons,gorillas,gibbons,andmore,representingnearlyhalftheknownprimatespecies.Thedatarevealedinsightsabouthumanoriginsandhealth,aswellasprimateconservation,publishedbymorethan100scientistsacross10papersinScienceandScienceAdvancesinJune2023.OnestudytrainedartificialintelligencetosearchhumangenomesforDNAdifferenceslikelytocausedisease,basedonwhethernonhumanprimatescanlivewiththosevariants.AccordingtoMarquès-Bonet,“Wenowhaveareallygoodlistofthefoundationsofourspecies”anda“goodideaofthekindofvariationsthataretoleratedinanyprimate”—includinghumans.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们通过灵长类动物基因组数据库来研究DNA的差异。12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Primatesvarymainlyinhabitats.B.Scientistsfocusonthediversityofprimates.C.Thereare233speciesofprimatesintheworld.D.PrimategenomesareimportantforstudyingtheDNAdifferences.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomesfrom233species.”可知,灵长类动物的基因组对于研究DNA的差异非常重要。13.Whydidthescientistsbuildthedatabankofgenomes?A.Tocurehuman’svariousgeneticdiseases.B.Tohelphumanadapttotheenvironment.C.Toinvestigatetheprocessofhumanevolution.D.Tounderstandthestrengthanddrawbackofhumanevolution.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知,科学家们建立基因组数据库的目的是了解人类进化的优点与不足之处。14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforbuildingthedatabank.B.Theprocessofbuildingthedatabank.C.Theimpactsofbuildingthedatabank.D.Thedifficultiesinbuildingthedatabank.答案B解析主旨大意题。通读第三段内容可知,这段介绍的是建立数据库的过程。15.WhatdoesMarquès-Bonetthinkofthedatabank?A.Itstillneedstobeimproved.B.Itisofgreatvaluetofutureresearch.C.Itisoflittlehelptofutureresearch.D.Itisunclearwhetherit’sofhelptofutureresearch.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wenowhaveareallygoodlistofthefoundationsofourspecies”可推断出这项研究对今后的研究具有重要的价值。Ⅱ.七选五(2024山东潍坊二模)Itwasdinnertime,yetIhadn’tfinishedmyworkfortheday.Cheerypeoplewhowereenjoyingtheirholidaytimebuzzedaroundme.Butwithmyheaddownandheadphonesin,Ihadinteractedwithveryfewofthem.Thedaypassedmorelikeafast-forwardedvideothansomethingthatIactuallyfullyexperienced.16

Thiswasmyfirstweeklivingthedigitalnomadlifestyle.Ihadleftmycorporateroleandfoundfreelance(自由职业的)writingworkonlinetoaffordmethefreedomtotravel.17Withenthusiasm,Iexpectedmyattitudewouldalsochange.Instead,thefirstsurprisingrealizationofmytraveljourneyhadhit:despitechangingmyformalsuitstocasuals,IwastheexactsamepersonIhadbeenathome.

Ihadpreparedexcitedly,surfingonlineaboutdigitalnomadism.18Whileyoumightexpectfinancestobethebiggestkillerofthislifestyle,unrealisticexpectationsarethedeathblowthatIhearaboutmostoften.Aftersixyearsabroad,realismisnowtheprimarymessageIshare.

19Insteadofanofficeroom,you’llworkfromabalconyoverlookingtheMediterraneanorasunnyrooftopintheheartofMarrakesh.Insteadofwaitingatthecoffeemachinenexttocomplainingcolleagues,yourdailycoffeerunwillleadyoudowndustycobblestonestreetsintotinycafes.Thesedreamsexistandarewaitingforyouonceyouclearcustoms.

Butthat’snotall