语法专题02可数名词和不可数名词-2023年小升初英语无忧衔接（原卷版）

语法专题02可数名词和不可数名词名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可以计算事物数目的名词，叫可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，单数名词变复数名词时，有一定的规律可循(见下表)，但也有一些不规则变化，需要逐一记忆。凡是不能直接用数计算，而需要用量计算的名词，多为不可数名词，不可数名词没有复数形式。1.可数名词(1)单数可数名词前常用冠词a/an或my,your,his等物主代词或指示代词this,that来修饰。(2)若表示一类事物可用a/an加单数名词表示，也可用复数名词表示。可数名词变复数规则：类别构成方法例词一般情况词尾加scup→cups,friend→friends,banana→bananas以s,x,ch,sh等结尾的词词尾加esclass→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,wish→wishes以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i，再加esdictionary→dictionaries,family→families以f或fe结尾的词把f/fe变为v，再加esknife→knives词尾加sroof→roofs以o结尾的词词尾加estomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes词尾加sradio→radiosphoto→photos2.不可数名词(1)一般没有复数形式。(2)不能用不定冠词a/an或指示代词this,that,these,those或数词one,two,three等修饰，但可用定冠词the或some或lotsof/alotof(许多)来修饰。(3)不可数名词的数量要借助＂基数词+表示量的名词+of＂短语表达，如threepiecesofbread(三块面包)，twoglassesofmilk(两杯牛奶)等。(4)作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。(5)用代词指代不可数名词时，用单数it，不用复数they或them。【口诀】金木水火土，米面茶肉布，油盐糖酒醋，全部不可数。对应的单词为：gold(金子)，wood(木材)，water(水)，fire(火)，mud(泥土)，rice(米)，flour(面粉)，tea(茶)，meat(肉)，cloth(布)，oil(油)，salt(盐)，sugar(糖)，wine(酒)，beer(啤酒)，vinegar(醋)。【典例】1．Weseesome________risingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones2．—CanIhelpyou,Madam?—Yes.______please.A．Twopairofsocks B．TwopairsofsocksC．Twopairsofsock D．Twopairofsock【拓展】修饰可数名词的词many,afew,few修饰不可数名词的词much,alittle,little既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词的词alotof/lotsof,some►somechicken/students一些鸡肉/学生►manyapples许多苹果►alotofmoney/bananas许多钱/香蕉►muchorange许多橙汁一、单项选择1．—Hi,Jenny!What________dowehavetoday?—Chinese,math,art,musicandEnglish.Andour________haveapartyafter________.A．class,class,class B．classes,class,classC．classes,classes,classes D．classes,classes,class2．—Whatcoloristhehat?—It’s________.A．anorange B．someoranges C．orange D．oranges3．—Alice,whoisthat?—Oh,it’s________father.A．TinaandLinda’s B．Tina’sandLinda’s C．TinaandLinda D．Tina’sandLinda4．—What’sonthetable?—Thereisalotof________onit.Ilikeeatingitverymuch.A．milk B．oranges C．bread D．pears5．Couldyoupleasegetmesome________?I’mhungry.A．meats B．eggs C．breads6．Howmuch________doyouwant?A．tomato B．chicken C．pears7．—WhatcanIdoforyou?—Iwantaglassofmilk,somebreadand________.A．somechickens B．somechicken C．anychicken8．Pleasegiveme________.A．twopiecepaper B．twopiecespaperC．twopieceofpaper D．twopiecesofpaper9．Canyougiveme________paper?A．two B．twopiece C．twopieces D．twopiecesof10．—Theroomissoclean.Whoseroomisit?—Itmaybe________.A．Lucy’sandLily’s B．Lucy’sandLilyC．LucyandLily’s D．LucyandLily11．Todayis_________.TomorrowisSaturday.A．Wednesday B．Tuesday C．Friday D．Sunday12．Thisismysisterandthosearemy________.A．parent B．grandparents C．aunt D．uncle13．—________cameraisthis?—It’s________.A．Whose,Tina B．Who’s,Tina’s C．Whose,Tina’s D．Whose,Tina14．I’dlike_______,please.A．akiloofbean B．twokilosofbeanC．akiloofbeans D．twokiloofbeans15．Changshaisoneofthemostvisited________inChina.________visitorsspendtheirholidaythereeveryyear.A．city;Tenmillion B．cities;MillionsofC．cities;Tenmillions D．city;Millionof16．—Howmuchisthedress?—_______A．80yuans. B．80dollars.C．80pound. D．80euro.17．Ilikeeating________.Whataboutyou?A．fishes B．fishing C．fish D．fishs18．—Whatwouldyoulike?

—I’dlikesome_________.A．boxofegg B．boxesofegg C．boxesofeggs D．boxofeggs19．Wemovedtoanewhouseandbought_________.A．alotoffurniture B．manyfurnitures C．anfurniture D．furnitures20．Drawingpictures________forme.A．areagreatfun B．aregreatfun C．isagreatfun D．isgreatfun21．—Therearealotof________onthetable.Wouldyouliketohaveone?—No,Iwouldliketodrinkalittle________.A．oranges;orange B．orange;oranges C．oranges;oranges D．orange;orange22．—Iamhungry,Mum.CanIgetsome________toeat?—Ofcourse.Andyoucanget________milktodrink,too.A．bread;alittle B．breads;afew C．breads;alittle23．Look!Thereare________onAnn’sdesk.A．twobottlesoforangejuice B．twobottleoforangesjuice C．twobottleoforangejuice24．—Scotthasaninteresting________.—Yes,he________ataTVstation.A．work;work B．job;works C．job;work25．Haveyougota______it?A．contentspageto B．contentspageforC．contentpageto D．contentpagefor26．Mumwithmebuyssome_________inthesupermarket.A．eggsorchickens B．eggsorchicken C．eggsandchicken D．eggorchickens27．—Whatisyourfavouritefood?—Ilike_________best.Ihadalargebowllastnight.A．potatonoodle B．potatoesnoodles C．potatonoodles D．potatoesnoodle28．Milliewantsthree________andsome________.A．apples;rices B．fish;orange C．cakes;chickens D．eggs;fish29．“Areyou________?”“Yes,weare________brothers.”A．twin;twin B．twins;twins C．twins;twin D．twin;twins30．—Howmany________arethereinyourschool?—Aboutonehundred.A．womanteacher B．womenteacher C．womanteachers D．womenteachers二、语法选择A请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter.Hewasalsoa31speaker(演说家).Manypeoplelikedtolistento32talkbecausehelikedtotellsomeinterestingstoriestomakepeoplelaughallthetime.OnedayMarkTwain33toasmalltownbecauseofhiswriting.Beforeheleft,oneofhis34saidtohimthattherewerealwaysalotofmosquitoes(蚊子)inthetown.MarkTwainsaid,“Itdoesn’tmatter.Idon’tthinkthemosquitoeswille35me.”Afterhegottothetown,MarkTwainstayedinasmallhotelnearthestation.Hewentintohisroom,36whenhewasjustabouttohavearest,quiteafewmosquitoesflewabouthim.Thewaiterfeltverysorry37that.“I’mverysorry,MrMarkTwain.Therearetoomanymosquitoesinourtown,”hesaid.MarkTwain,however,playedajokeandsaidto38waiter,“Themosquitoesarevery39.Theyknowmyroomnumber.Theydon’t40intothewrongroom.”31．A．successful B．success C．succeed32．A．he B．himself C．him33．A．isgoing B．goes C．went34．A．friend B．friends C．friends’35．A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit36．A．but B．so C．or37．A．of B．about C．with38．A．a B．an C．the39．A．clever B．cleverer C．cleverest40．A．e B．ing C．cameBMrsWhiteisahousewife.Shehasmuchtimelookingafterherfamily.Shelivesin41bigcity.She42shoppingeveryweekend.Sometimesshebuyssomefood43thefamily,andsometimesshebuyscoats,shoes,bagsandsoon.Sheenjoysbuyingcheap44.Shethinkssheshould45money.MrsWhite’sdaughterKatelikestogoshoppingverymuch.Shegoestosomeshopswhensheis46everySaturday.Shelikesgoingwith47classmateJudy.Theysometimesbuymanythings,48sometimestheydon’tbuyanything.Theyonlylookatthethingsintheshops.Thatmakesthemvery49.ThisSaturdayshebuysapairofsunglassesforherself.Sheisgoing50foraholidaywithherfamilythissummerholiday.41．A．an B．a C．the42．A．went B．isgoing C．goes43．A．in B．for C．at44．A．thing B．things C．things’45．A．save B．saves C．saving46．A．free B．freely C．freedom47．A．she B．her C．hers48．A．but B．so C．because49．A．happy B．happier C．thehappiest50．A．togo B．going C．togoing三、短文填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。HiMarco,It’sagreatpleasuretohearfromyou!IlivewithmyparentsinasmallhouseinGreenwich.It’sanicesmallhouse51threebedroomsandacutegarden.Mymumisagoodcook,andthefoodshecooksnotonlylooksgreatbutalso52(taste)delicious!Mydadworksinthepolicestation.Heisstrictwithus,53sometimesI’mafraidofhim.Iusuallyspendmyweekends54(read).It’smyhobby.Idon’tliketalkingmuchwithstrangers(陌生人).Butwithfriends,Ialwayshavemany55(story)toshare.Nextweek,I56(have)atriptoShanghai.Ican’twaittogotherebecauseit’sthe57(one)timeformetovisitChina.ButI’malsoalittlenervous.I’mafraidofstayingin58newplace.IhopeallthethingsarefineandIcanenjoy59(me)inShanghai.IfIhaveenoughtime,I’dlike60(meet)youthere.Sotellmemoreaboutyourcity,OK?Yours,Linda四、阅读理解ThereisalotofsaltontheEarth,anditmixesverywellwithwater.Thereissomesaltinallwater.Wateronthelandrunsintolakesandrivers.Thewaterfrommostlakesgoesintorivers.Thereriversrunintotheseasandoceans.Theycarryalittlesaltwiththem.Someoftheoceanwatermovesintotheairandclouds.Itevaporates.Saltcannotevaporate.Itstaysintheocean.Thewaterintheoceanshasmoresaltthanwaterinrivers.Oceanwaterhasabout3.5%salt.Someseashavemoresaltthanothers.Somelakesdonothavearivertocarrythewaterandsaltaway.Someo