2023-2024学年小升初英语精美讲义练习第7讲否定句一般疑问句（牛津上海版试用本）（学生版）

授课主题第7讲否定句&一般疑问句教学目标复习掌握陈述句改为否定句；复习掌握陈述句改为一般疑问句；教学重难点重点：掌握句型转换的做题技巧难点：遇到三单时助动词的选择教学内容★必备知识点：be动词：am、is、are、was、were；be动词后接名词，形容词或动词的ing形式。助动词：do、does、did、have、had；助动词后的动词用原形。情态动词can、must、will、may、need等；情态动词+动词原形★★动词的分类：Be动词：is,am,are,was,were动词助动词：do,does,did,has,have,had动词情态动词：can,must,may,should,等实义动词：run,eat,play,like,等等。【知识梳理1】陈述句变为否定句一、含义：句子当中有not或者有表示否定含义的词，就叫做否定句。二、方法：就是在句子当中加上not就变成了否定句。三、步骤如下：1.看肯定句中有没有be动词（am、is、are、was、were）或情态动词（can），如果有，直接在其后加not，其余照抄就可以。1)在be动词后加not。如：isnot，arenot，amnot，wasnot，werenot；2)在can，等后加not。如：cannot(缩写can’t)例：Iamastudent.→Iamnotaboy.MissLicandance.→MissLican’tdance.2.如果句中没有be动词或情态动词，变否定要找助动词do的相应形式（do、does、did）帮忙，且原句的谓语动词要变回原形。例：JennyhassomeChinesefriends.→Jennydoesn’thaveanyChinesefriends.Theygotoschoolbybike.→Theydon’tgotoschoolbybike.Peterdidhishomeworkyesterday.→Peterdidn’tdohishomeworkyesterday.【注】①借哪一个助动词由原来的谓语动词决定.②句中出现的do,does,did一般都不是助动词，需要去借助动词，并把上面三个单词变为原形do.③句中如果有some，把some改为any;句末如果有too,把too改为either.3.★特殊情况：祈使句（以动词原形开头的句子）的否定：在句子开头Don’t即可。例：Lookatthewindow,please!→Don’tlookatthewindow,please!【巩固练习1】1.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus..__________________________________________2.Thesecatsarecrying.__________________________________________3.Theycanswim.__________________________________________4.HisfatherwasanEnglishteacher.__________________________________________5.HedoeswellinMaths.__________________________________________【知识梳理2】陈述句变为一般疑问句含义：用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。一般疑问句还有下列特点：以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头。2.往往读升调。译成汉语，都可以带上“吗”。陈述句变成一般疑问句的方法：解题步骤：看句中有没有be动词（am、is、are、was、were）、助动词（do、does、did、have、had）或情态动词（can、must、will、may等），如果有，将其提到句首，句末打上问号即可。例：Itwasrainyyesterday.→Wasitrainyyesterday?Tom'sfathercanplaythepiano.→CanTom'sfatherplaythepiano?如果句中没有be动词或情态动词，则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是：①如果谓语动词是原形，则借do；②如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，则借does；③如果谓语动词是过去式，则借did;需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的谓语动词要变回原形。例：Theygotoschoolbybike.→Dotheygotoschoolbybike?Billgetsupat6:30everyday.→DoesBillgetupat6:30everyday?Thestudentssawafilmyesterday.→Didthestudentsseeafilmyesterday?应注意的事项:如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时要变为第二人称。Iusuallyhavelunchatschool.→________________________________________Wewerestudentstwoyearsago.→________________________________________如果陈述句中有some,则变问句时往往要变成any。Thereissomewaterontheplayground.→________________________________________借助助动词does的一般疑问句需将实意动词的三单形式变为原型。Billgetsupat6:30everyday.→________________________________________3.一般疑问句的回答:一般疑问句往往采用简短回答，共由三部分（三个单词）组成，对这三部分（三个单词）的确定可以概括例下：第一个词：不是Yes就是No。（注意：有时根据语气的不同，Yes可由Sure,Certainly,Ofcourse等代替.No可由sorry代替.）第二个词：问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致（但必须用主格代词）。例：Doesshecleanherroomeveryday?Yes,shedoes.IsAnna′sfatheradoctor?No，heisn’t.注意：如果主语是thisthat,回答时用it代替，如果问句中主语是these,those,回答时用they代替。3)第三个词：用什么问，用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。例：CanJimplaysoccer?Yes,hecan.DoesMrBeanspeakEnglish?Yes,hedoes.4)用No开头作否定回答时,结尾要加上not。因为回答必须是三部分，所以否定回答必须缩写，而肯定回答不能缩写。例:DidThomasehereyesterday?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.【巩固练习2】1.HisfatherwasanEnglishteacher._________________________________________2.Theycanswim._______________________________________________3.Iwenttoschoolonfoot._______________________________________________4.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus._______________________________________________5.Ihavesomegoodfriends._______________________________________一、将下列句子改为否定句。1.Thereisaputeronthedesk.There______aputeronthedesk.2.Therearesomepicturesonthewall.

There____________picturesonthewall.3.Sheissevenyearsold.She______sevenyearsold.Alicedidherhomeworkearly.

Alice______________herhomeworkearly.Shehasasoccerball.

She____________asoccerball.Mymotherwantstogotoamovie.Mymother____________togotoamovie.二、把下列的句子改成一般疑问句：MikerunsasfastasBen.__________________________________________________________________________Shewantsacupofcoffee.__________________________________________________________________________Idomyhomeworkafterschool.__________________________________________________________________________Weneedsomemasks.__________________________________________________________________________Aliceputherbookonthetable__________________________________________________________________________Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.__________________________________________________________________________阅读强化阅读强化Readandanswerquestions（阅读短文并回答问题）(一)TodayisthesecondofMay.It’sSaturday.Wehavenolessons.Thesunisshining.MyfriendsandIcangototheparkandhaveapicnic.WemeetattheHuaihaiRoadUndergroundStationataboutteno’clockinthemorning.Andthenwegettotheparkbytrainatabouthalfpastten.Weflythekiteandrowtheboat.It’stimeforlunch.Wehavethepicniconthegrass.Wehavegotsandwiches,hamburgersandcakes.BenandMayhavesomesandwichesandmilk.We’rehavingagoodtime.TomorrowisBen’sbirthday.WewillgotoKFCtohaveaparty.Howhappy!1.What’stheweatherliketoday?2.Howdotheygotothepark?3.Wheredotheyhavethepicnic?4.Aretheyhappy?5.WhenisBen’sbirthday?(二)ItisSaturdaymorning.Thereisnoschooltoday.Eddie,TomandDannyaregoingtothepark.Itisveryfarfromtheirschool.Theyaregoingtherebybus.Theyaregoingtohaveapicnicinthepark.Theyhavegotsomebreadandcakes.Theyhavegotsomefruitanddrinks,too.Nowabusising.TomandDannyaregettingonthebusandEddieishelpinganoldgrannygetonthebus.Ayoungmanandayoungladyseethat.Theybothstandupandsaytotheoldlady,“Takemyseat,please.”Hownicetheyare!ThenEddie,TomandDannybegintotalkandsing.Theyarehavingagoodtime.Whatdayisittoday?_____________________________________________Wherearetheboysgoing?______________________________________Whataretheboysgoingtodointhepark?_______________________________________WhoisEddiehelpingnow?__________________________________Aretheyoungmanandtheyoungladyverykindtothegranny?____________________________1.掌握改否定句和一般疑问句的具体方法2.注意do,does,did的使用阅读提升判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符，相符的用相符的用“√”表示，不相符的用“×”表示。TodayisSaturday.It'saniceday.Somestudentsareinthenaturepark.Annisdrawingpictures.LilyisplayingwithLucy.Pleaseworkquietly.Mikeislisteningtomusic.DannyandJohnareflyingkites.AmyandJillareeatingcakes.Oh,pleasekeepthegroundclean.PeterandRobinarespeakingEnglish.They'retalkingquietly.Someboysareplayingthetoys.MissWhitetellsthemtotaketurns.They'rehavingagoodtime.()1.Annisdrawingpictures.()2.LilyisplayingwithMike.()3.AmyandJillshouldkeepthegroundclean.()4.PeterandRobinaretalkingquietly.()5.Someboysshouldtaketurnstoplaythetoys.阅读短文，选择最佳答案：PeterandhissisterAlicelikeSaturdays.Becausetheycandomanythings.Sometimes（有时）theygoshoppingwiththeirmother,andsometimestheirfathertakesthemtotheparkorthezoo.LastSaturdaytheirteacherstookthemtoaparktodosomegoodforthepeople.Theywentthereatnineo’clockinthemorning.Aliceandherclassmateshelpedtheworkerstoplantyoungtrees.Peterwasbusypickinguplitter（垃圾）andcleanedthechairswithhisclassmates.Intheafternoon,theywantedtomakesomerulesforthepark.Athalfpastone,PeterwrotetherulesandAlicedrewsomesigns.Nowwecanseemanysignsinthepark.Theparkiscleanandnice.()1.Peter’smothertakesthem_____onSaturdays.A.totheshop B.tothezoo C.tothepark()2.Theywenttotheparkwith_____lastSaturday.A.theirfather B.theirmother C.theirteachers()3.“dosomegoodforthepeople”means:_____buythingsforthepeople B.helppeopledosomethings C.givethingstothepeople()4.Peterandhissisterarein_____.A.oneclassB.thesameclassC.differentclasses()5.Peterdid_____thingsintheparkl