Unit2 Learning About Language and Using Language 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：选择性必修一

Unit2

(LearningAboutLanguage—AssessingYourProgress)词汇课堂1.combinecom-(together一起)+bine(twobytwo二)；基本义是“使两者合在一起”2.artificial词块：artificialintelligence(AI)3.predict&predictionpredict：pre-(before前、先)+dict(tosay说)→事先说→预言近义词：forecast派生词：prediction(makeaprediction)4.occupation近义词：job5.opposeop-(对面)

+pos(放置)

+-e→置于相反位置或立场→反对、抵制词块：opposedoingsth派生词：opposed,opposing6.cease正式用语(对应stop)7.absenceabsent—absence；反义词：presence词块：absencefromschool,in/duringsb’sabsence,absenceofmind本单元词汇梳理8.rural反义词：urban词块：ruralvillages9.advocate词源：英语单词advocate原本是一个罗马法律中的专业术语，指在法庭上为人辩护的人，即现在所谓的“律师”。它是拉丁语advocare的名词形式，advocare由ad(to)+vocare(call呼吁)构成，本义是指“(为某人)在法庭上呼吁”。愿意为某人在法庭上呼吁，就是支持某人。词块：advocate(sb)doingsth,advocatethat…(should)dosth10.emphasis派生词：emphasize/emphasise11.prospectpro-

(forward向前)+spect

(lookat看)→向前看到的事物(基本义)12.resist&resistancere-(against反对)+sist(tostand站)→站在反方向上→抵抗词块：resistdoingsth派生词：resistance13.paragraph词源：同古汉语一样，古代西方语言也没有标点，不分段落，没有间隔。古希腊人为了便于阅读，就在每一个新内容开始的一行前面画一条横线，表示在这一行中有新的段落，有时还会在行间留出一小段空白作为提示。英语单词paragraph就来自于希腊人的这个习惯，词根para表示“在旁边”，词根graph表示“描绘、划线”，字面意思就是“在旁边画条线”。14.signpost合成词sign+post15.accurateac-(=ad-,表示强调)+cur(注意、关心)+-ate(形容词后缀)→再三注意的→精确的反义词：inaccurate派生词：accurately,accuracy16.librarianlibrary(图书馆)+-ian(从事……的人)重难点词精讲occupation辨析义emphasis搭配义absence搭配义resist&resistancepredict&prediction搭配义combine一词多义一词多义正式用语与非正式用语nov词根prospect一词多义combinev

vi&vt（使）结合；（使）组合：Theorymustbecombinedwith

practice.Theideaofgardencitywastocombinethebestoftownandcountryinanewkindofsettlement.2011江西改combine词源解读com-(together一起)+bine(twobytwo二)基本义是“使两者合在一起”。【词汇拓展】combinationn[C]结合（体）；联合（体）；混合

vt兼备；兼顾：Thehotel

combines

comfort

and

convenience.LikehermotherMarieCurie,Irenecombined

family

and

career.

vi&vt（使）化合；（使）混合：Steelisproducedbycombiningironwithcarbon.combine既可以指物理属性发生变化的化合又可指物理属性未发生变化的混合。combine语义网络图combine合在一起（基本义）（使）化合；（使）混合（使）结合；（使）组合（使）抽象的事物“合在一起”（使）具体的物质“合在一起”兼备把两件或以上的事“合在一起”把两个或多个特点“合在一起”兼顾predictpre-（before前、先）+dict（tosay说）→事先说→预言同根词：indicate:in-（towards对）+dic（tosay说）+-ate（动词后缀）→针对某事说清楚→指示；指出dictionary:dict（tosay说）+-ion（名词后缀：表示行为）

+-ary（名词后缀：……之物）→说话或措辞用书→词典predictvt&预言；预计(forecast)：predicttomorrow’sweather①predict+(that)/wh-从句:Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeoplewillliveincitiesinthenearfuture.2008上海春It’shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.2018北京

②itispredicted+that从句:Itwaspredictedthatinflationwouldcontinuetoincrease.predictable

adj

可预见的；可预料的predictionn[C]&[U]预言；预测：It’sdifficulttomakeaccuratepredictionsabouttheeffectsontheenvironment.人教新选必①–2occupation提到职业，你能想到哪些单词？job,work,career,occupation

…都有什么区别？occupationn

[U]占领；居住：acountryunderoccupationthewildlifeinoccupationoftheisland

[C]工作；职业：Whatdoyouimaginewillbeyourfutureoccupation?occupation指某人通常从事的“工作”“职业”，是正式用语，常用于正式文体或表格中。Theapplicant

isrequiredtostatehisname,age,andoccupationontheform.work尤指目的是挣钱的工作、职业。ThoughIhadalotofexperience,Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork.career指生涯、职业。Shefullyintendstocontinuehersportingcareeronceshehasrecoveredfromherinjuries.析辨profession指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hewantedtoenterthemedicalprofession.trade指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。Askilledtradecanoffersecure（稳定的）employment,evenintheworsteconomictimes.job指工作、职位，是可数名词。Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.析辨absence缺课absenceofschool看图猜词心不在焉absenceofmindabsencen反

presence

[C]&[U]缺席；不在：Hewaseagertobebackaftermorethanaweek’sabsencefromschool.

[U]缺乏：Herabsenceofmindduringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.in/duringsb’sabsence在某人不在时：InhisabsenceIlookedtoseewhatwasonhisdesk.intheabsenceof在缺乏……的情况下：Intheabsenceofgraywolves,thedeerpopulationgrewquickly.2017全国改emphasisn[C]&[U](plemphases)(stress)

强调；重视：Theyputemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.

重读；重音；加重语气：Theemphasisshouldbeonthefirstsyllable.Shesaidwithemphasisthathewasinnocent.emphasize/emphasisevt强调；着重；重读(stress)：I’djustliketoemphasizehowimportantitisforpeopletolearnforeignlanguages.emphasizethethirdwordprospectn

[U]可能性；预期；设想：ShewasoverjoyedattheprospectofvisitingParis.

[C]［用复数］前景；前途：job/careerprospects

[C]［正式用语］视野；景色：adelightfulprospectofthelakepro-(forward向前)+spect(lookat看)→向前看到的事物（基本义）词源解读向前看到的事物（基本义）prospect可能性；预期；设想前景；前途向前看到的未来成就向前看到的某事发生的可能性prospect语义网络图视野；景色向前看到的景色spect词根记词汇expect

v预料；期望ex-

向外

+

(s)pect

→向外看→预料；期望respect

v

尊重；尊敬re-回+spect

→回头再看→尊重；尊敬suspect

v

怀疑sus-由下往上

+spect

→由下往上看→怀疑inspect

v仔细检查；视察；检阅in-入

+spect

→进入仔细看→仔细检查；视察；检阅prospect

n

可能性；前景；景色pro-向前

+spect

→向前看到的事物→可能性；前景；景色aspect

n

方面；外观a-去+spect

→去看（到的事物）→方面；外观spect看(lookat)resistvt&vi

抵抗：resistanenemyattack

抗拒(oppose)：Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.人教新选必①–2resistdoingsth:Thebankstronglyresistedcuttinginterestrates.re-(against反对)+sist(tostand站)→站在反方向上→抵抗“抵抗”人“抵抗”物

［常用于否定句］忍住；抵制：Ican’tresistthetemptation.Ifinishedthecake.Icouldn’tresistit.resistdoingsth:Hefoundithardtoresistbuyingthesebooks.词汇拓展resistancen[U]反抗；抵制：Therehasbeenalotofresistancetotaxincreases.“抵抗”诱惑等正式用语与非正式用语Informal/Neutral（中性的）Formal/Written获得学位getadegree_________adegree承认错误admit/acceptmistakes_________errors许多女性manywomen_________females停止生产stopproduction_________production因此forthisreason/thus_________然而however_________支持……的使用supporttheuseof

_________theuseof作为……的结果asaresultof_________根据所给提示完成表格。obtainacknowledgenumerousceasetherefore/henceneverthelessadvocateasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceof词根前缀/后缀单词派生词

nov

in-（向里）;-ate（使成为）innovatevinnovativeadjinnovationninnovatorn-elnovelnnovelist（小说家）nnoveladjnoveltynre-;

-aterenovatevrenovationn词根nov词根nov意为“新的”，由该词根构成的词大多含有此义。1.Theorymustbecombinedwith

practice.2.Theyputemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.3.Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.本单元金句汇总随堂检测combine一、在空白处填入combine的正确形式。1.—Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.—Ican’tagreemore.It’sgreattohavethetwo__________.（2010福建）2.InrecentyearsanEnglishword“infosphere”hasappeared,____________thesenseof“information”and“atmosphere”.（2015福建）3.The____________weightoftheearth’sbacteriais400billiontons.4.IknowhowIachievedmysuccess.Itcamefromgoodplanningandbetterdoing___________.（2016浙江）5.The_____________ofFoxandDisneywillleadtobillionsofdollarsin“synergies”（合并）.combinedcombinedcombined

combining

combination二、根据所给提示，用combine翻译下列句子。1.把工作和娱乐结合起来对你来说是件好事。（it作形式主语,business）________________________________________________________________________________________________2.我们仍在寻找兼具所有必要品质的人选。（定语从句）________________________________________________________________________________________________Wearestilllookingforsomeonewhocombinesallthenecessaryqualities.Itwillbeagoodthingforyoutocombinebusinessand/withpleasure.一、根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。1.________________（据预测）financialconditionsinthecountrywillreturntonormal.2.It’sdifficultto_______________________（准确预测）abouttheeffectsontheenvironment.(prediction)二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。专家预测，在不久的将来人类的工作将被人工智能取代。(predictthat…)________________________________________________predict&predictionIt’spredictedthatmakeaccuratepredictionsExpertspredictthatthehumanworkwillbereplacedbyartificialintelligence/AIinthenearfuture.occupation写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Youwillbeaskedtofillinaformwithdetailsofyourbirthandoccupation. ___________2.Parachuting（跳伞）isadangerousoccupation. ___________3.Thatfarmhasbeenintheoccupationofthesamefamilyforoverahundredyears. ___________4.TheofficeswillbereadyforoccupationinJune. ___________5.Whenthefirstscientistcametotheregiontheyfoundlittleevidenceofhumanoccupation. ___________职业消遣活动占有/占领使用居住根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。1.Mymotherwasupsetwithmeaboutmy___________________（缺课）.2.Anewmanagerwasappointed___________________（在她不在时）.3.Hefailedintheexambecauseofhis_______________（心不在焉）.4.__________________________（没有任何证据）,thepolicehadtolethimgo.absencefromschoolduring/inherabsenceabsenceabsenceofmindIntheabsenceofanyevidenceemphasis一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.InJapanthereisalotofemphasis

onpoliteness.___________2.Theemphasis

isonthefirstsyllable（音节）ofthelastword.___________3.“Icanassureyou,”sheaddedwithemphasis,“thefiguresarecorrect.”___________二、根据所给提示，将句子译成英语。他们重视质量而不是数量。(emphasis)________________________________________________________强调/重视重音加重语气补充道Theyput/place/layemphasisonqualityratherthanonquantity.写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thereiseveryprospect

oftheweatherreamainingdrythisweek.