2025版高考英语一轮复习必修4Unit2Workingtheland学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit2Workingtheland————[单元主题语境]———人与自然之人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系(2024·高考浙江卷)话题：农业的发展词数：204难度：★★★Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived56.，throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson57.couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson58.huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood59.(need)．Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology60.(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people61.(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe62.(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,63.(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(浇灌)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with64.riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods65.(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.[语篇解读]本文主要介绍了农业的发展。56．解析：考查介词。theylivedin是定语从句修饰theworld。定语从句中省略了指代theworld的关系代词that/which，live是不及物动词，表示“生活在这个世界上”，用liveintheworld。答案：in57．解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。whatcouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild是what引导的宾语从句，作dependon的宾语。what是连接代词，表示“……东西”，在宾语从句中作主语。答案：what58．解析：考查介词。前文的more是提示词，结合句意可知填than。答案：than59．解析：考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一样。依据时间状语从句asmorechildrenwereborn可知此处用一般过去时；主语morefood和need之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态；且food在此处为不行数名词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填wasneeded。答案：wasneeded60．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式作定语修饰technology。句意：农业让人们第一次体会到科技变更生活的力气。答案：tochange61．解析：考查时态。依据byabout6000BC可知，此处用过去完成时。答案：haddiscovered62．解析：考查名词复数。此处指人们知道了随着季节的变更进行工作。一年有四个季节，所以用season的复数。答案：seasons63．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处making和前面的planting是并列关系，作方式状语。答案：making64．解析：考查冠词。此处定冠词特指科学的振兴。答案：the65．解析：考查时态。依据that引导的宾语从句中的时态可知此处用一般过去时。答案：meant一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．attemptn．企图；试图；尝试2．raisevt.饲养3．lastv．持续；接着；持续4．artificialadj.人工的；人造的二、思维品质1．语法填空技巧——考查谓语动词的解题技巧若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态，还要留意主谓一样和虚拟语气。第59题，food和need之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态；由上文的wereborn可知此处用一般过去时；且food在此处为不行数名词，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。因此填wasneeded。类似的还有61和65题。2．分析长难句并翻译句子NewpowermachineryandartificialfertilizershavenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.[分析]此句中thatstartedintheStoneAge是定语从句，修饰awayoflife。[翻译]现在新的电动机械和人造化肥完全变更了石器时代起先的生活方式。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇介绍农业发展的文章，你对农业有何新的相识？农业是人类的衣食之源、生存之本。农业的发展状况干脆影响着、左右着国民经济全局的发展。农业是国民经济中最基本的物质生产部门。农业是人类社会的衣食之源，生存之本。我们培育劳动意识，树立奋斗和探究精神。授课提示：对应学生用书第107页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．thereforethedifficultiesincrease因此增加了困难2．regrettoinformyou缺憾地通知你3．expandabusiness扩展业务4．struggleagainst/withdifficulties与困难作斗争5．ridahouseofmice清除室内的老鼠6．reducethespeed降低速度7．commentonanarticle对文章作出评论8．confusedexpression迷惑的表情9．battleagainsttheillness与疾病作斗争10．thefocusofworld'sattention世界关注的中心11．fordecadesonend数十年如一日12．beengagedinimportandexport做进出口贸易13．changetheirnationality变更他们的国籍14．astrongpersonality坚毅的特性15．tobefullyequipped装备齐全[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Womenhavegainedthefreedomtodecidewhethertomarryornot，andtheyarefreetochoosetheirjobsatpresent.(free)2．Owingtothegreathunger，agreatnumberofhungrychildrendied.(hungry)3．Hewasreallyconfusedbytheconfusingproblemwhichalsoconfusedotherpeopleforalongtime.(confuse)4．ThediscovererofelectricitywasFranklin；likemanydiscoveries，itbenefitsusgreatly.(discover)5．Disturbingnewscamethatthevirusspreadquickly，whichmadeusratherdisturbed.(disturb)6．Ourschooloffersgoodequipmentandyouwillbewellequippedwithknowledgeandskillsforyourfuturejob.(equip)7．Paperproducedeveryyearisthreetimestheweightoftheworld'sproductionofvehicles.(produce)8．Aslongasnationaltypesarenottakentooseriously，it'sfuntryingtoguessaperson'snationalityfromtheirpersonality.(nation)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□statistic□fertilizer□bacteria□nutrition□mineral□sorghum□skim□underline□circulate□occupation□output□fertile□organic□strainNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．inaddition另外2．thankstoyourhelp由于你的帮助3．leadtogoodresults导致好的结果4．focusontheexams集中精力备考5．berichingold盛产黄金6．buildupsometrust建立些许信任7．besatisfiedwiththeresult对这个结果满足8．wouldratherstayathome宁可待在家里9．ridhimofanylaziness使他摆脱懒散10．keepusfreefrom/ofthedisease使我们摆脱疾病[词汇积累]1．“因此”家族①thereforeadv.因此；所以②soconj.因此；所以③thusadv.因此；于是④consequentlyadv.所以；因此⑤asaresult结果；因此2．“扩展”动词知多少①expand使变大；伸展②extend延长；扩展③spread绽开，传播④enlarge扩大；扩展⑤broaden使变宽3．“集中留意力”聚焦①focuson集中留意力于②beabsorbedin聚精会神于③payattentionto留意④concentrateon集中精力于⑤fixone'sattentionon用心于NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．ifso“假如是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式你情愿加入我们校乒乓球队吗？假如情愿，请尽快给我发邮件。Wouldyouliketojoinourschooltabletennisteam?Ifso，pleaseemailmeassoonaspossible.2．thefirst/last/best/right/only/very...＋n.＋todosth.“第一个/最终一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物”至于我，我父亲是我唯一最敬重的人。Asforme,myfatheristheonlypersonIrespectmost.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)3．“makeit＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构你的微笑是使得你结识新人最强大的工具之一。Yoursmileisoneofthestrongesttoolsthatmakeitpossibleforyoutomeetnewpeople.4．wouldrather(not)dosth.“宁愿(不)做……”现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplewouldrathernotliveinbigcities.授课提示：对应学生用书第9页1．strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎[写作佳句]Intheshortfilm，youcanlearnthatmyschoolhasbeenstrugglingforabetterfuture.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)在短片中，你可以了解到我校始终在为更美妙的将来而努力。[归纳拓展]strugglefor为……而斗争strugglewith与……斗争；与……并肩作战struggleagainst为反对……而斗争；与……斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来[实战演练]基础练透——完成语段①Unluckily，thefarmershavesufferedaheavydroughtthisyear.Theyhavetostruggleforaliving.Theyarestrugglingwith/againstthebadweatherforabetterharvest.Anyway，theymuststruggletoincreasetheirincome(努力增加收入)．实力提升——句式升级②Maryhadstruggledformonthstofindajob，andfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.→Havingstruggledformonthstofindajob，Maryfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.(分词短语作状语)2．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备[写作佳句]Ifyouwanttoliveinthisworld，equipyourselfwithaheartthatcanenduresuffering.想生活在这世上，就要让自己的心能忍受一切苦痛。[归纳拓展](1)equip...with...用……装备……beequippedwith配备着……equipsb./sth.for为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物(2)equipmentn．装备；设备(不行数名词)apieceofequipment一件装备[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Wewantoursontohaveagoodeducationthatwillequiphimforfuturelife.②Ifitwerenotthemodernequipment(equip)，suchexperimentswouldnotbeperformed.实力提升——句式升级Heisequippedwithmuchexperienceinteaching，soheiswellrespectedbyallhisstudents.→③Equippedwithmuchexperienceinteaching，heiswellrespectedbyallhisstudents.(过去分词作状语)→④Equippinghimselfwithmuchexperienceinteaching，heiswellrespectedbyallhisstudents.(现在分词作状语)[实战贴士](1)短语beequippedwith常用过去分词作状语。(2)牢记equipment是不行数名词，没有复数形式。3．confusevt.使迷惑；使犯难；使混乱；混淆[写作佳句]AtfirstIthoughtIunderstoodwhatmyteachersaid，butthemoreheexplained，themoreconfusedIbecame.起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越说明我就越迷惑。[归纳拓展](1)confuse...with/and...混淆；辨别不清beconfusedby被……弄混；糊涂(2)confusedadj.困惑的；苦恼的confusingadj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(3)confusionn．困惑[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①IalwaysconfuseJohnwith/andhisbrother；theyaresomuchalike.②Iwouldoftengetconfused(confuse)whenIcameacrossnewwordswithasimilarspelling.③Therewasaconfusedlookonhisfacewhenhemetwithaconfusingproblem.(confuse)实力提升——完成句子④Forexample，therearehugeamountsofreferencebookswhichIamoftenconfusedtochoosefrom.(2024·高考江苏卷)例如，有大量的参考书，我常常会对选择哪本感到困惑。4．regretvt.缺憾；惋惜；惋惜；懊悔n．缺憾；懊悔[写作佳句]ItiswithgreatregretthatIsaygoodbyetoyou，butIneverregrethavingspentsuchawonderfultimewithyou.与你分别令我感到特别缺憾，但我不懊悔与你共度了如此美妙的时间。[归纳拓展](1)regreteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(havingdonesth.,doingsth.))懊悔做了某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that...缺憾地说/告知/通知……(2)withgreatregret特别缺憾地(much)toone'sregret＝toone's(great)regret令某人(很)缺憾的是[实战演练]基础练透——完成语段①Iregrettedtotell(tell)himthathehadbeendismissed.Tomysurprise，hesaidtome，“Ihavenoregrets(regret)．Ionlyregrettaking/havingtaken(take)thewrongjob.”实力提升——一句多译特别缺憾地告知你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。②Muchtomyregret/Tomygreatregret，Ican'ttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.(regretn．)③ItiswithgreatregretthatItellyouthatIcan'ttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.(regretn．)④IregrettotellyouthatIcan'ttraveltoBeijingtogetherwithyouattheappointedtime.(regretvt.)5．focusn.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦[写作佳句]High­qualitypraiseshouldfocusonchildren'sefforts，ratherthanonresults.(2024·高考浙江卷)高质量的表扬应当关注儿童的努力，而不是结果。[归纳拓展](1)focuson/upon集中于……focusone'sattention/eyes/energyon/upon...集中留意力/目光/精力于……(2)thefocusof...……的焦点[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Theyfocusedon/uponfootball，basketballandbaseball.(2024·高考北京卷)②Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocused(focus)onthesafetyofdriverlesscars...(2024·高考北京卷)实力提升——完成句子③Itshowsacommonphenomenonnowadaysthatchildrenarethefocusoffamilies，shoulderingthehopeoftheirparents.这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。6．buildup渐渐增加；增加……的体质；建立；开发；积累；创办[文化金句]PreviousstudieshaveshownthatpracticingTaiChiregularlynotonlybuildupseniors'strengthbutalsohelpsreducefallsamongthem.从前的探讨表明，常常练习太极拳不仅有助于老年人强身健体而且还有助于削减老年人跌倒。[归纳拓展]pickup捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载takeup拿起；起先；从事；占据(时间或空间)makeup虚构；弥补；组成breakup分裂；打碎；结束；解体；分手；放假[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义/选用以上短语填空①Tolearnalanguagewellyoumustbuildupausefulvocabulary.积累②Hisconfidencebuiltupashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching.渐渐增加③Takinganactivepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesisreallyhelpfultobuildupourbodyandenrichourschoollife.增加……的体质④Therefore，let'staketheresponsibilitytobuildupalow­carboncitybyridingbicycles.建立；创办⑤Aneighbourdownstairsaskedforthemusictobeturneddownandthepartybrokeup.⑥Itdidn'ttakemelongtopickupthebasicknowledgeofthelanguage.⑦Therearemorethantwomillionfarmers，makinguptwothirdsofthetotalpopulationoftheprovince.实力提升——翻译句子⑧放学后你应当多参与体育运动，以增加你的体力。Yououghttotakemoresportsafterschooltobuildupyourstrength.7．leadto导致；造成(后果)；通向……[写作佳句]Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。[归纳拓展](1)leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事leadsb.to/into...带着某人去/走向……lead/livea(n)．..life过……样的生活leadtheway引路；带路(2)leadingadj.领先的leadn．[U](戏剧等)主角；领先地位；带头takethelead领先[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/完成语段①Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief'sbeingcaught(catch)．②Withhimleading(lead)theway，wegottherewithoutanydifficulty.Butforhim，wewouldhavebeenlost，whichwouldleadtoseriousconsequences.Hisactionledustobelieve(使我们信任)thathewasourtruefriend.实力提升——一句多译众所周知，胜利在于勤奋，而懒散导致失败。③Asweallknow，successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadstofailure.(lead)④Asweallknow，successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessresultsinfailure.(result)[实战贴士]leadto中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。表示导致的短语还有：resultin，contributeto，bringabout等。8．if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式[教材原句]Ifso，whatdidyoudotogrowthem?假如这样的话，你做了些什么来种植它们(这些植物)?[归纳拓展](1)ifso是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示确定意义；假如表示否定意义，则用ifnot。(2)由if构成的此类省略形式还有：ifany假如有的话ifever假如曾经发生过的话ifnecessary假如有必要的话ifpossible假如可能的话[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/单句改错①Ifso，Iwonderifyoucouldtakethetroubletosendmemywallet.②Ifpossibly，trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday.possibly→possible实力提升——句式升级③Ifit'snotconvenient，letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.→Ifnotconvenient，letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.(省略句)9．wouldratherdosth.“宁愿做某事”[教材原句]Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。[归纳拓展](1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,prefertodo...ratherthando...))宁愿做……而不愿做……wouldratherhavedone...原来想做……而未实现(2)wouldrather＋从句eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(一般过去时：表示对现在或将来的虚拟,过去完成时：表示对过去的虚拟))[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Iwouldratherstay(stay)athomeattheweekend，readingsomeEnglishnovels.②Shewouldratheryoucame(come)tomorrowthantoday.③Istayedathomelastnight，butI'dratherIhadgone(go)tothetheatrewithmyfriends.实力提升——一句多译为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公交车也不愿开车去上班。④Tolivealow­carbonlife，somepeoplewouldrathertakethebusthandriveacartowork.(不定式作状语；wouldrather...than)⑤Inordertolivealow­carbonlife，somepeoplewouldtakethebusratherthandriveacartowork.(inorderto；would...ratherthan)⑥Somepeopleprefertotakethebusratherthandriveacartoworksothattheycanlivealow­carbonlife.(prefertodo...ratherthan；sothat)[实战贴士](1)运用wouldrather...than...句型时要留意平行结构，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。(2)牢记wouldrather后跟that从句要用虚拟语气。授课提示：对应学生用书第111页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismorefirmlyrooted.adj.根深蒂固的②(2024·高考天津卷)WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.n.一件困难的事情③(2024·高考江苏卷)It'svitalthatnewcompulsoryage­appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.vt.使……具备某种实力④(2024·高考江苏卷)AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.vi.种庄稼2．一词多义①(北京卷)Tohelpyoudothat，yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.BA．饥饿 B．渴望②Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmusclesshakingmyset.AA．增加B．建立C．开发D．创办Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductions(produce)filmedintheStates.②(2024·高考天津卷)Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet,soundcannowcreatesilence.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)However，Isoondiscoverthatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbing(disturb)reportsofcampsamongtonsofrubbish.④(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Thatfreedom(free)tochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.⑤(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Intryingtoconnecttohersister，Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscovers(discover)aworldofdiverse“nightpeople”whoarehidingsecrets.⑥(2024·高考浙江卷)However，whenshehungup，sheregretted(regret)thewayshehadhandledthecall.⑦(2024·高考江苏卷)Withinfiveminutes，weorderedtheoneweweresatisfied(satisfy)with.⑧(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequipped(equip)withreflectivevestsandsafetylights.2．完形填空①(2024·高考江苏卷)Wilsonreceivedseveralinternationalawardsforhisgreatcontributions.Helosthissightbutfoundavision.Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.A．distinguishes B．determinesC．claims D．limits解析：句意：他证明白并不是发生在我们身上的事情确定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。distinguish区分，辨别；determine确定；claim声称，要求；limit限制。故选B。答案：B②(2024·高考江苏卷)WildcampingisillegalinEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught，theWinnshadtogettheirtentuplateandpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalotharder