2024-2025学年高中英语Unit2WorkingthelandLearningaboutLanguage练习含解析新人教版必修4

PAGEUnit2WorkingthelandLearningaboutLanguage语法精讲·探究学习动词-ing形式作主语和宾语①Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.②Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.③YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.④However,hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.⑤Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.⑥Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.⑦Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.⑧Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.视察上面句子,思索黑体部分所作的成分:以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦;作动词宾语的是⑤;作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。概念:动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式。动词-ing形式的时态和语态:语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。一、动词-ing形式作主语1.动词-ing形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语时,多表示常常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词多用单数形式。*Usingcocaineincreasestheuser’sheartrateandbloodpressure.运用可卡因会加快运用者的心率并使血压上升。*Wastingaperson’stimeisthesameaskillinghimforhisproperty.奢侈一个人的时间无异于谋财害命。意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时,谓语动词需用复数形式。*ListeningtotheEnglishtapesandwatchingEnglishfilmsaregoodwaystolearnEnglish.听英文磁带和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语*Itisnousetalkingtohim—hewon’tlisten.跟他谈没有用,他不会听的。*Itisawasteoftimetalkingaboutsuchuselessthings.谈论这些没用的事情是在奢侈时间。【学问延长】(1)Itis+adj.+doingsth.Itis/feelsfunnydoingsth.做某事(感觉)很好玩Itisuselessdoingsth. 做某事无用Itisworthwhiledoingsth. 做某事是值得的(2)Itisawasteof+n.+doingsth.Itisawasteoftimedoingsth. 做某事是奢侈时间(3)Itisno+n.+doingsth.Itisnogood/nouse/nofundoingsth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思用所给动词的适当形式填空。(1)(2024·天津高考)Learning(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday’schildrenwillneedforthefuture.(2)Itisawasteoftimetrying(try)topersuadehimtogiveupplayingcomputergames.(3)Itisworthwhilereading(read)suchawonderfulnovel.(4)It’snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.二、动词-ing形式作宾语1.作动词的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:避开错过少延期(avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest,finish,practise)喜爱想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,can’thelp)承认否定与嫉妒(admit,deny,envy)躲避冒险莫宽恕(escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand,keep,mind)*Hesuggestedgoingtovisitourgrandparents.他建议去探望我们的(外)祖父母。*Shedoesn’tmindbeinglaughedat.她不介意被人讪笑。2.作动词短语的宾语常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有:insiston,objectto,begoodat,befondof,leadto,putoff,giveup,lookforwardto,feellike,devote...to,get/beusedto,payattentionto,beworth等。*Youshouldgiveupplayingcomputergames.你应当放弃玩电脑嬉戏。3.在有些动词的后面,如:start,begin,continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语,两者意义区分不大。*Ifyoucontinuedoing/todowhatyouaredoing,youareindeeptrouble.假如你接着像现在这样做,你的麻烦就大了。4.在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指常常性的动作,用不定式作宾语指详细的动作。*Helikesswimmingbuthedoesn’tliketoswimthisafternoon.他喜爱游泳,但是今日下午他不想游泳。5.有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可,但含义不同。常见的有:动词宾语的形式意义forgettodo遗忘去做……doing遗忘做过……remembertodo记着要去做……doing记得做过……regrettodo缺憾/愧疚要做……doing懊悔做了……trytodo尽力做……doing尝试做……meantodo准备做……doing意味着……goontodo接着做(另外一件事)doing接着做(同一件事)*Don’tforgettosay“Thankyou”whensomeonehashelpedyou.当有人帮助了你时不要遗忘说“感谢”。*IforgotclosingthewindowswhenIreturnedhome.我回到家的时候,遗忘已经关了窗户。6.下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deservedoing=need/want/require/deservetobedone*Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning/tobecleaned.窗户须要擦了。(1)用所给词的适当形式填空。①Wedon’tallowdiving(dive)inthepool.②Ioftenpractiselistening(listen)andspeaking(speak).③Theboywasluckytoescapebeingpunished(punish).

(2)这个问题值得探讨。→Thequestiondeserveddiscussing.

→Thequestiondeservedtobediscussed.

三、动词-ing形式的否定形式动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前面加not,带有逻辑主语时,not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。*Notknowinghowtouseacomputermakesitmoredifficultforhimtodohisacademicresearch.不知道如何运用电脑使他更难进行学术探讨。(1)Hewaspunishedfornothavingdonehishomework(未完成作业).

(2)Notpassingtheexam(未能通过考试)madehimdisturbed.

(3)I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise(没有遵守我的承诺).

四、动词-ing形式的复合结构动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词全部格或一般格加动词-ing,即“sb./sb.’s+doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构事实上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing②名词’s全部格+动词-ing③代词宾格+动词-ing④名词+动词-ing*Wouldyoumindme/myopeningthewindow?你介意我打开窗户吗?*WearelookingforwardtoProfessorSmith’s/ProfessorSmithcomingtogiveusaspeechnextweek.我们盼望着史密斯教授下周来给我们做一次演讲。动词-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时,不能用代词的宾格和名词的一般格形式。(1)Excusemeformynotcomingontime.

愧疚,我没能按时来。(2)Hisfather’sbeingillmadehimworried.

他父亲病了,使他很担忧。(3)Ican’timagineMary’s/Marymarryingsuchaman.

我无法想象玛丽竟然嫁给了这么一个人。课时检测·素养达标Ⅰ.选词填空1.Itisnogoodsayingsuchuglywordstohim.(saying/tosay)2.Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradio?(turning/turned)3.Idon’trememberevermeetingyousomewhere.(meeting/tomeet)4.Thereisnousekeepingsilentaboutsuchamatter.(keeping/tokeep)5.Plantingmanytreesisverygoodforourenvironment.(is/are)6.Thewindowshaven’tbeencleanedforalongtime.Theyneedcleaning.(cleaning/cleaned)7.Wecan’timaginehersucceedingintheentranceexamination,forshehasneverbeentoschool.(succeed/succeeding)8.Seeingthefunnyscene,Ican’thelplaughing.(laughing/tolaugh)9.Doyoufeellikegoingoutorwouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?(going/togo)10.Hisnotgettingtothestationontimemadeeveryoneworriedlastweek.(notget/notgetting)

Ⅱ.完成句子1.Thebookisworthreadingasecondtime.

这本书值得再读一次。2.WearelookingforwardtohearingfromMrLi.

我们期盼着李先生的来信。3.It’sfunspendingtheholidayatthebeach.

在海边度假很好玩。4.Tom’sbeingsocarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.

汤姆这么马虎,造成了不少麻烦。5.Thebabywasmadeawakebythedoorsuddenlyshutting.

这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。6.Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.

劝告这样一个人加入我们是奢侈时间。7.Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.

这辆自行车须要修一下。8.Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。9.Idon’tlikewatchingtelevisionbutIenjoylisteningtotheradio.

我不喜爱看电视,但是喜爱听收音机。10.Iregrettotellyouthatyourmotherisbadlyill,butyouneedn’tregretleavingheralone.

很缺憾地告知你你母亲病得很重,但你不须要为留下她独自一人而懊悔。运用本单元所学语法类型结合主题语境翻译下面语段。中国是一个有十三亿人口的大国。在过去的二十多年间,中国发生了巨大的改变,尤其在农业方面。中国仅有世界7%的土地,却胜利地养活了世界22%的人口。其耕地(farmingland)的浇灌面积是世界上最大的,种植了世界三分之一的大米。渔业也特别重要,淡水鱼随处可见。废弃的蔬菜(vegetablewaste)被用来养猪、养鸡;人和动物的粪便(waste)产生的气体被用来供热和做饭。假如世界上其他地方也像中国一样重视并发展农业,就不会再有饥饿。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】TheDevelopmentofAgricultureinChinaChinaisalargecountrywithapopulationof1.3billion.Inthepasttwentyyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,especiallyinagriculturewheremodernbiotechnologyplaysanimportantpart.Chinaonlyhasoccupiedtheworld7%land,whichhassupported22%populationintheworld.Theirrigationareaoffarminglandisthelargestintheworld,whichactuallyhasplantedtheworld’s1/3rice.Besides,fishingisalsoimportant.Freshwaterfishcanbeseeneverywhere.Vegetablewasteisusedtofeedpigsandchickens.Gasproducedfromhumanandanimalwasteisusedforheatingandcooking.IftherestoftheworldalsofullyemphasizedanddevelopedagriculturelikeChina,therewouldbenostarvation.课时素养评价五Unit2LearningaboutLanguageⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Hesucceededinpersuading(persuade)hertodothejob.

2.Theflowersneedwatering/tobewatered(water)ortheywilldie.

3.Yourbeingrightdoesn’tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.(be)4.Making(make)friendsplaysanimportantpartinourlife.5.Thebirdwasluckyanditjustmissedbeingcaught(catch).

6.Itisnousewaiting(wait)forotherpeopletomakedecisionsforyou.7.Alltheboysarelookingforwardtogoing(go)forwardtotheNationalPark.8.Thereisnodenying(deny)thattheenvironmentisfrombadtoworse.Ⅱ.完成句子1.Wearebusy(in)preparingforthecomingexam.

我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。2.Itisnousetellinghimnottoworry.

告知他不要担忧是没有用的。3.Hisgettinguplateinthemorningmadehimlatefortheclass.

他早上起晚了,导致他上课迟到了。4.It’sawasteoftimeplayingcomputergamesforsuchalongtime.玩这么长时间的电脑嬉戏是奢侈时间。

5.IftheTVneedsrepairing/toberepaired,pleaseletmeknowassoonaspossible.

假如这台电视须要修理的话,请尽快通知我。6.Doyouhearthesoundofthedoorbeingopened?

你听见开门声了吗?7.Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime.

我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。8.Themanagermeanttotelltheworkersthatbeing5minuteslatemeantleavingthecompany.

经理准备告知工人们迟到5分钟意味着离开公司。9.Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened.

他们接着工作,好像什么也没发生过。10.Moreandmoreoldpeoplegototheuniversitiesfortheagedinordertoavoidbeingcutofffromtheoutsideworld.

为了避开与外界隔绝,越来越多的老年人上老年高校。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·临川高一检测)Thethird-generationhybridrice(杂交水稻)whichwasdevelopedbyYuanLongping,the“fatherofhybridrice”,andhisteamranitsfirstpublicoutputmonitoringfromMondaytoTuesdayandachievedhighoutput.Thefinalyieldofthetestedvariety,G3-1S/P19,cameto1046.3kgpermu(about667squaremeters),basedontwopiecesoflandinQingzhuVillageunderthecityofHengyangincentralChina’sHunan“Someprevioushigh-yieldinghybridricevarietiesinChinatook160toeven180daysfromsowingtoharvesting,whilethefigurewasshortenedtoaround125daysforthenewvariety.Thisisoneofthemostimportantfeatures(特征)ofthethird-generationhybridricethatcanreducetheuseofpesticides(杀虫剂)andfertilizers(化肥),thusreducingcostandimprovingproductionefficiency.”saidQianQian,thedeputydirectoroftheChinaNationalRiceResearchInstitute.Unliketheprevioustwogenerationsthatrequiredalargeamountofwaterandfertilizersaswellasdemandinggrowingconditionsandtechnologicalsupport,thethird-generationhybridriceiseasiertobecultivated(种植)byordinaryfarmers.Sothesoil,altitudeandclimateofthetestsitewerenot“idealconditions”carefullyselectedbeforehandbutwereclosetothepaddies(稻田)ofordinaryfarmers.Nowadays,China’saverageyieldofriceisabout500kgpermu.Ordinaryfarmerscanproduce600kgto700kgofricepermubygrowingsomeexcellentsecond-generationhybridricevarieties.However,underthesameplantingconditionsandenvironment,theoutputofthethird-generationhybridricecouldreach800kgpermu.Chinanowfeedsaround20percentoftheworld’spopulationwithlessthan9percentoftheworld’sarable(可耕种的)land.Atpresent,Yuan’steamhasninethird-generationhybridricecombinationsundertrial,whichareexpectedtoachievecommercialseedproductioninthefollowingthreetofouryearsandhopetoapplythetechnologyintotheresearchofsearice.Thethird-generationhybridricehasthecomprehensivestrengthtopromoteagreenerandmoresustainabledevelopmentofChina’sriceproductionwithhigherqualityandyield.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,讲解并描述了由“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平和他的团队开发的第三代杂交水稻进行了第一次公共产量监测,并取得了高产。第三代杂交水稻具备以更高的品质和产量推动我国水稻生产更绿色、更可持续发展的综合实力。1.WhatfeatureofthenewhybridricedoesQianQianmainlytalkabout?A.Itsavesalotmorewater.B.Itachievesahigheryield.C.Itsavesmuchmorefarmland.D.Ithasashortergrowingperiod.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Someprevioushigh-yieldinghybridricevarietiesinChinatook160toeven180daysfromsowingtoharvesting,whilethefigurewasshortenedtoaround125daysforthenewvariety.”可知,第三代杂交水稻的特点是种植周期短。故选D。2.Whyisthenewhybridricenottestedinidealareas?A.Theordinaryfarmersmasterplantingtechnology.B.Theresearcherswanttoreducetheexperimentcost.C.Thegrowingconditionsthenewhybridriceneedsaresimple.D.Thepreviousricefarmingprovidesresearcherswithexperience.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第三段内容“Unliketheprevioustwogenerationsthatrequiredalargeamountofwaterandfertilizersaswellas...carefullyselectedbeforehandbutwereclosetothepaddiesofordinaryfarmers.”可知,第三代杂交水稻所须要的种植条件特别简洁。故选C。3.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thehighoutputofthethird-generationhybridrice.B.Thefutureofthenewhybridricevariety.C.Theadvancedtechnologyoftheresearchonhybridrice.D.Thedifferencesbetweenthethreehybridricevarieties.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。依据第四段内容“Nowadays,China’saverageyieldofrice...Chinanowfeedsaround20percentoftheworld’spopulationwithlessthan9percentoftheworld’sarableland.”可知,第四段主要讲解并描述了第三代杂交水稻的高产特点。故选A。4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport.C.Anadvertisement. D.Afashionmagazine.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据第一段内容“Thethird-generationhybridrice...basedontwopiecesoflandinQingzhuVillageunderthecityofHengyangincentralChina’sHunanProvince.”可知,文章主要讲解并描述了第三代杂交水稻的胜利监测并取得了高产。所以本文最有可能取自于新闻报道。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空Hello,MrWi-Fi.Lifewithoutyouisnexttoimpossiblenow.We’rehappytosingyournamefrommorningtillevening,sometimestilldawn.1Iknowyouhelpme,sometimesyou’remakingmedothingswith2attention.ManytimesIpromisemyselfthatI’ll3myfeelingstowardsyou,butyou’re4mecloserandcloser.You’veenteredbothmyhomeandmy5.You’rejustawindowforour6andinformation.Butwepeoplearen’t7onlywiththewindow.Soweopenallour8foryou.Isthisa(n)9orsomekindofattachment?Ifthisisanillness,isitcurable?Andifthisisanattachment,willyou10methelifelongtogetherness?

Wewantyouallthetime.Can’tyoutakeafewdaysoffsothatbothyouandIcan11?You’reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper12poisonwhichholdsourmindandmakesusdance13itstune.Nowadaysyou’reso14thatanyonecanbuyandmakeyouour15.You’llneverworryaboutourhealthbutwe’ll16beconcernedaboutyour“health”.Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbealone.

Ifyouwerea17personmadeoffleshandblood(血肉之躯),wouldweloveyouthesame?You18uswithyourgreattalentsandweevencan’tgetridofyou.We’reallyour19.SometimesIwonderhowpeopleinthepreviousgenerations20,butiftheydidwhycan’twe?

【文章大意】作者用诙谐的语气质问Wi-Fi,因为对无线网络的依靠是现代人的一种通病。1.A.Nowthat B.Onlyif C.Though D.When【解析】选C。考查连词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己,但是正是Wi-Fi的特别作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。nowthat既然;onlyif只有;though虽然;when当……时。2.A.praised B.increasedC.focused D.divided【解析】选D。考查动词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己,但是正是Wi-Fi的特别作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。praise表扬;increase增加;focus关注;divide分开。3.A.keepin B.bringbackC.approveof D.giveup【解析】选A。考查动词短语。依据语境可知,作者许多次都对自己承诺说要抑制自己对Wi-Fi的情感。keepin抑制;bringback使回忆起,使想起;approveof同意,赞成;giveup放弃。4.A.drawing B.pushingC.forcing D.observing【解析】选A。考查动词。依据语境可知,此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒Wi-Fi对自己的吸引。draw吸引;push推;force迫使;observe视察。5.A.space B.soul C.society D.course【解析】选B。考查名词。依据其次段You’reapoison—notaslowonebutasuper_______poisonwhichholdsourmindandmakesusdance_______itstune.中的“holdsourmind”可知Wi-Fi进入了作者的灵魂。space太空;soul灵魂;society社会;course课程。

6.A.entertainment B.argumentC.expansion D.struggle【解析】选A。考查名词。Wi-Fi(原来)只是我们消遣和获得信息的窗口。entertainment消遣;argument争辩;expansion扩展;struggle挣扎。7.A.strict B.satisfied C.generous D.busy【解析】选B。考查形容词。依据上文的“You’rejustawindowforour_______andinformation.”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知,此处表示人们并不满足于Wi-Fi仅仅是个窗口。strict严格的;satisfied满足的;generous大方的;busy劳碌的。

8.A.thoughts B.eyes C.exits D.doors【解析】选D。考查名词。此处表示人们将Wi-Fi的作用扩大化,不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用,而是将全部的“门”打开迎接Wi-Fi。thought想法;eye眼睛;exit出口;door大门。某种程度上而言,door是window的“升级”。9.A.disease B.inspirationC.routine D.phenomenon【解析】选A。考查名词。依据下文Ifthisisanillness,isitcurable?可知作者怀疑的是自己和其他人对Wi-Fi如此依靠的现象是否是一种病。disease疾病;inspiration灵感;routine惯例;phenomenon现象。10.A.recommend B.instructC.promise D.adapt【解析】选C。考查动词。假如对Wi-Fi的情感是一种依靠的话,Wi-Fi能保证与作者一生都密切无间吗?recommend举荐;instruct指导;promise许诺;adapt适应。11.A.persist B.relax C.progress D.fight【解析】选B。考查动词。这里是诙谐地问:“Wi-Fi你能不能给自己放几天假以便你和我都能放松一下?”persist坚持;relax放松;progress进步;fight打架。12.A.raw B.comfortableC.strong D.fast【解析】选D。考查形容词。依据本句中的notaslowone可知,Wi-Fi并不是慢性毒药,而是快速起效的毒药。raw生的,不娴熟的;comfortable舒适的;strong强大的;fast快速的。13.A.to B.against C.from D.within【解析】选A。考查介词。Wi-Fi是一种能限制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。danceto随着……而舞。14.A.affordable B.valuableC.active D.attractive【解析】选A。考查形容词。依据下文的anyonecanbuy可知,如今Wi-Fi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到。affordable买得起的;valuable有价值的;active活跃的;attractive吸引人的。15.A.addition B.expertC.companion D.instrument【解析】选C。考查名词。依据下文中Becauseyouaccompanyuseverywhereandneverletusbealone可知,如今Wi-Fi成为人们的同伴。addition添加物;expert专家;companion同伴;instrument乐器。16.A.sometimes B.alwaysC.never D.seldom【解析】选B。考查副词。毫无生命的Wi-Fi是绝不会在意其用户健康的,但是用户们会始终担忧Wi-Fi的“健康”,此处always和前面的never形成对比。17.A.selfish B.dishonestC.responsible D.real【解析】选D。考查形容词。依据madeoffleshandblood可知,作者想知道假如Wi-Fi是拥有血肉之躯的真实的人,人们是否会一样喜爱它。selfish自私的;dishonest不诚恳的;responsible负责任的;real真实的。18.A.control B.scoldC.comfort D.challenge【解析】选A。考查动词。依据上文作者介绍人们对Wi-Fi的依靠以及下文的weevencan’tgetridofyou可知,Wi-Fi限制着人们。control限制;scold责怪;comfort劝慰;challenge挑战。19.A.friends B.slavesC.colleagues D.employers【解析】选B。考查名词。依据语境可知,Wi-Fi限制了人们,即人们成了被其掌控的奴隶。friend挚友;slave奴隶;colleague同事;employer雇主。20.A.suffered B.connectedC.survived D.surfed【解析】选C。考查动词。依据inthepreviousgenerations可知,作者特别怀疑的是在早期没有Wi-Fi的时候人们是如何存活下来的。suffer遭遇;connect联系;survive幸存,存活;surf冲浪。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·安庆高一检测)PeopleeatriceallovertheworldRiceisgrowninwarmclimates,mainlyinAsia1.___________thereisalotofrain,buti