2024北京九年级一模英语汇编：阅读单选CD篇

第1页/共1页2024北京初三一模英语汇编阅读单选CD篇一、阅读理解（2024北京东城二中初三一模）Howgoodareyouatrememberingnames,dates,andtelephonenumbers?Itisnoteasyforall.Rememberingthingsisoneofthemostinterestingfunctions(功能)ofthehumanbrain(大脑).That’swhyscientistsspendsomuchtimestudyinghowitworks.Studiesshowthatwhenwelearnsomethingnew,itstaysinourmemory(记忆)for20-30seconds.Thisisourshort-termmemory.Rememberingaphonenumberlongenoughtofindapieceofpaperisanexample.Theoppositeofshort-termmemoryislong-termmemory,whichiswherethingsarestoredinthebrainforalongtime.Thebraincanturnshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemory.Forexample,whenstudyingforanexam,insteadofjustreadingtheinformationonceortwice,youmightgooveryournotesagainandagainuntilyoucanremembertheimportantinformation.DaveFarrowisknownforhisexcellentmemory.HehasbeenlistedtwiceinGuinness(吉尼斯)WorldRecordsforGreatestMemory.Asastudent,Davehadgreatdifficultiesinlearning.Hefoundsomewaystoimprovehismemoryinordertodowellinschool.Herearesomeyoucantry.Onewayistolookatthefirstletterofeachwordyouwanttoremember.Then,makeyourownwordorsentenceusingallofthoseletters.Forexample,ifyouwanttorememberallthecoloursinarainbow,tryrememberingthenameRoyG.Biv.Eachletterinthisnamematchesthefirstletterofacolour：red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigoandviolet.Anotherwayistorememberinformationingroups.Forexample,whenyourememberatelephonenumber,rememberthreenumbersasagroup,thenextfournumbersasagroupandthefinalfournumbersasagroup.Thisway,yourbrainonlyhastorememberthreethingsinsteadof11.Ifyouareinterestedinimprovingyourmemory,apartfromusingsomewaystorememberthings,therearelotsofsimplethingsyoucando,likeeatinghealthily,sleepingwellandexercisingdaily.Challenging(挑战)yourbrainalsohelpsyoukeepithealthyandactive.So,whynotstartplayingmindgames,learningamusicalinstrumentorstudyinganewlanguage?1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Short-termmemoryislessimportantthanlong-termmemory.B．Theinformationneededforanexamstaysinshort-termmemory.C．Peoplestorenewinformationinlong-termmemorybygoingoverit.D．Ourshort-termmemorycanholdinformationformorethanhalfaminute.2．ThewritertalksaboutDaveFarrowto________.A．describehowpeoplerememberthingsB．showtheimportanceofagreatmemoryC．tellpeopletousesomewaystoimprovememoryD．giveareasonwhypeopleneedtoimprovememory3．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Someadvicetoimprovememory.B．Someactivitiestochallengethebrain.C．Someadvantagesofplayingmindgames.D．Somereasonsforkeepingthebrainactive.（2024北京东城二中初三一模）SomeparentsandsomestudentsfeelthatthestudyofEnglishliteratureismisguidedanddisadvantageoustostudents,particularlyiftheyaresecondlanguagelearnersofEnglish.However,therearestillgoodreasonsforthestudyofEnglishliterature.StudentsofEnglishlanguagesometimesfailtoseethepointofstudyingEnglishliterature,especiallyiftheyhavenoplanstostudyEnglishortranslationatuniversity.ButEnglishliteraturecanintroducestudentstomanyaspects(方面),notonlytheEnglishlanguagebutalsothecultureofEnglish-speakingcountries.ThereareaspectsofEnglishculturethatsummarizedbyEnglishliterature.Ofcourse,thisisquiteevident(明显的)whenwearestudyingtheworksofShakespeareorofwriters,poetsandplaywrightsoftheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.Itis,however,alsotruewhenwearestudyingotherworksofEnglishliterature.StudentscanlearnaboutgoodstoriesandreferencestodifferentaspectsofEnglishculture.Theycanalsolearnthecontext(背景)andmeaningsoffamousquotesandphrases.StudyingliteraturedoesnotconfinethestudentstothetraditionsofEnglandbutincludesthepossibilityofintroducingthemtotraditionswhichinfluenceEnglishliterature,suchasthestudyofAncientGreekdrama,andtoliteratureinothercontexts,suchasAmericanliterature.Theenjoymentandappreciationofliteraturewillgivestudentstheabilitytodevelopthisintoaninterestinbooksandreadingastheymoveawayfromtheirstudiesandintotheadultlives.Theywillhavetheconfidencetoapproachanddealwithnewformsofbooksandwriting.Whenstudyingliterature,studentscanlearnnotonlylanguageaspectssuchasvocabularybutalsothelanguageaspectswhichcanbeusedforspecificpurposes.Forexample,ifthestudentsarefamiliarwiththeconceptsofthebeatandrhythmofEnglishpoems,theycanimprovetheirownwritingastheyareabletoappreciateandapplytheseideas.Finally,thestudyofliteraturecanprovidestudentswithafreshandcreativeangle,fromwhichthestudentscandealwiththeirstudiesinparticularandtheirlivesingeneral.Sothenexttimeyouarereadinganewspaperarticlecomplainingofthelackofcreativityandinitiative(主动性)inthelocalworkforce,rememberthatinasmallwaythestudyofEnglishliteraturecanhelptoaddarefreshingandfurtherdimensiontoaperson’slife.4．Theword“confine”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto________.A．advise B．warn C．limit D．require5．ThewriterprobablyagreesthatthestudyofEnglishliterature________.A．hasalong-lastinginfluenceonstudentsB．ismisguidedandhasmoredisadvantagesC．isnotnecessaryforsecondlanguagelearnersD．onlyallowsthestudentstolearntraditionsofEngland6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Schoolsfailtocareaboutstudents’need.B．EnglishcultureiscloselyrelatedtoEnglishliterature.C．LearningEnglishliteraturecanmakestudentssmarter.D．Themoreyoureadliteratureworks,themoreyoucomplain.7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhyWeLearnEnglishLiteratureB．TheNeedsofStudentsandParentsC．WhatWeKnowaboutEnglishCultureD．EnglishCultureandEnglishLiterature（2024北京海淀初三一模）Meditationisonekindofexerciseincontrollingattention.Meditatorsusesomepractices,likekeepingfocusonbreathing,tostrengthentheabilitytotakecontroloverwhattheirmindsaredoing.Whilemeditatorshavelongexperienceditsbenefits,scienceonlyrecentlydiscoveredthatthementaleffortofmeditationisgoodexerciseforthebrain.Meditationhasmuchtodowithcognition,atermtodescribethethoughtprocessesinsideourheads(likefocusing,makingdecisions,andremembering)thatallowustounderstandtheworld.Meditatorsarereallygoodatusingseveralcognitiveabilitiestostayfocused.Whentheylearnthattheirmindswander(走神),theyquicklybringtheirattentionback,whichislikedoingamentalpush-up.Allthesementalpush-upsendupstrengtheningtheirabilitytochangetheirthoughtsbasedonwhattheyaredoingrightnow,likechangingfromdoingmathtoreadingwhentheygotodifferentclasses.push-upGroupsofbrainareasthatcommunicatearecalledbrainnetworks,andthehealthofthebraindependsontheabilityofbrainnetworkstocommunicatewell.Sciencehasshownthatmeditationcanimprovesustainedattention,whichishowwellapersoncankeeptheirattentiononsomethinghardforalongtime.Scientistscanmeasureimprovementsinsustainedattentionbylookingforincreasesincertainbrainwaves,usingEEG(脑电图).Itprovesthatmeditationcanmakethebrainareasinvolvedinattentioncommunicatewitheachothermoreeasily.Meditationcanevenchangethewaythatmeditators’brainnetworkscommunicate,bybringingnew,helpfulbrainareasintotheconversationorgettingridofabrainareathatistooloudanddistracting(分心的).Asaresult,meditatorsgetbetteratfocusingtheirattentionawayfromnegativethoughtsandfeelingsandputtingthemselvesintoagoodmood.Thesechangestakealongtimeandalotofwork.Peopleneedtomakemeditationahabitandguidancefromateachercanbehelpful.Yet,noteveryonecanaffordapersonalteacher.That’swheretechnologystepsin.Scientistshavemadeappsthatprovidetipsandhelppeoplemeditateattheirownlevels.Whilesomedigitalmeditationappshavebeencarefullystudiedbyscientists,someneedtobetested.So,itisimportanttobecarefulatfirstaboutwhetheranappreallyworks.8．Accordingtothepassage,whenpeoplemeditate,they________.A．trytocontroltheirfocus B．focusonwhatgoesaroundC．makeimportantdecisions D．developtheabilitytocommunicate9．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Meditatorsendtheirpracticewhentheirmindswander.B．Meditationmakesitpossibleforpeopletohavehappiermoods.C．Certainbrainwavesdecreasewhensustainedattentionimproves.D．Digitalmeditationappsworkbetterthanpersonalmeditationteachers.10．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Howdoesmeditationbenefitthebrain?B．Howdopeoplemakemeditationahabit?C．Howdoestechnologyimprovemeditation?D．Howdomeditalorsbettertheirmentalhealth?（2024北京海淀初三一模）EverytimeIlookatthemanyrecentordersonmyonlineshoppingaccount,orIreceiveanewpackageonmydoorstep,Igetafeelingofhappinessthatishardtogiveup.AlthoughIknowthatmyshoppinghabitsarebadfortheplanet,Ijustcan’tstop.ButAnn-ChristineDuhaime’snewbook,MindingtheClimate:HowNeuroscienceCanHelpSolveOurEnvironmentalCrisis,hashelpedmeunderstandthatmydesire(渴望)tokeepbuyingthingsisn’tnecessarilyapersonalweakness—it’sthewayourbrainshavedeveloped.AccordingtoDuhaime,wemanagedtostayaliveevenwhenthingswerehardbecauseourbrainslearnedtorepeatdecisionslikemovingtowardsatastytreatorbackingawayfromdanger.Today,wehavesome86billionneurons(神经元)inthebraincontinuouslyworkingtostrengthenrewardingbehavior—akindofactionthatresultsinapositiveoutcome,whichmakesapersonwanttodoitagain.Astheneuronswork,theyproducedopamine(多巴胺),whichmakesourrewardingbehaviorfeelevenbetterthanusual.Weactivelylookformoredopamine,andatthesametime,learntorepeattheactionsthatleadtoit.However,Duhaimestressesthatourbrainsarenotprogrammedtokeepbuyingmoreandmore.Allhumansaredifferent,andourbrainsworkdifferentlydependingonourgenetics(遗传性)andourlifeexperiences.Thechallengeisthatourbrainsystemsaredesignedforshort-termdecision-making.Whenwebuysomethingnew,wegetrewardedimmediately.Butthelong-termworseningoftheplanetisharderfortherewardcentersofourbrainstounderstand,evenifweknowaboutit.Andtheremaybesomewaystobreakthecycle.Thebestisnottostopbuyingthingscompletely;abettersolutionmaybetosubstitutetheoldrewardsthatweknowaren’tgoodinthelongrunwithnewones.Forexample,youcanhaveaglassofmilk,whichgivesyoufewercalories,insteadofeatingchocolatejustbeforebedforcomfort.Onceyoustartlosingweight,therewardofbeingabletofitintoyouroldclothesfeelsasgoodaswhatthechocolatewoulddo.Weneedthatsamesubstitutionforshopping.Buyingusedthingscouldalsohelpsatisfyourdesiretogetmorethingswithoutusingmorenaturalresources.Additionally,creatingsocialrewards,likeencouragementandsupportfromacommunitywithsimilargoals,caninspirepositivechanges.Humansnaturallyliketoconnectwithothers,andthissocialsupportcanleadtomoreeco-friendlychoices.11．Whatdoyouknowabouthumanbrainsfromthepassage?A．Thewaybrainsworkwon’tbeinfluencedbylifeexperiences.B．Neuronsplayaroleinpeople’srepeatingrewardingbehavior.C．Lessdopamineisproducedwhenpeoplegetpositiveoutcomes.D．Brainsdon’tcareabouttheshort-termeffectsofpeople’sactions.12．Theword“substitute”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A．taketheplaceof B．lookforward

to C．getreadyfor D．makeupfor13．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．over-shoppingharmsthedevelopmentofthehumanbrainB．keepingbuyinggetsinthewayofpeoplefindinghappinessC．theplanetisfreefromtheinfluenceofpeople’sbuyingbehaviorD．creatingsocialrewardscanhelppeoplereducethedesiretoover-shop14．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainwhyover-shoppingisnotapersonalweakness.B．Toshowhowdopaminemakespeoplecrazyaboutshopping.C．Toguidepeopletomakeeco-friendlychoiceswhenshopping.D．Toencouragepeopletobuyusedthingstoprotecttheenvironment.（2024北京大兴初三一模）Cleanelectricityisthepowerofthefuture,butengineersarefacingabigchallenge.Howcanwestoreelectricitytobeusedattimeswhenthewindisnotblowingandthesunisnotshining?Insomecases,theanswerwillbebatteries;butinothercases,itcouldcomefromavarietyofdifferentsolutions—startingwithgravity.GravityisthemostabundantsourceofpoweronEarth.It’salwaysbeeneverywheresincethebeginningoftime.Nobodyknewaboutituntilaround1700,whenIsaacNewtonsawanapplefallfromatreeinhisgarden.Newtonaskedhimselfthequestion:“Whydidthatapplefalltotheground?”Andhesoonworkedouttheanswer.Everythingwillfalltothegroundifitcandoso,becausethereisamassiveforcethatpullsthingstowardsthecenteroftheearth.Newtondecidedtocallthisforce“gravity”,awordthatthenjustmeant“weight”.Engineershaveusedgravityasasourceofpowerforcenturies,longbeforeNewtonfirstexplainedit.Inparticular,theyusedgravitytomovewaterfromoneplacetoanothertoirrigate(灌溉)fieldsandbringwatertocities.Theyknewthatwaterwouldflowdownhill,butneveruphill,sotheybuiltstructurestousetheforceofgravitymosteffectively.In1907,engineersinSwitzerlandfirstusedgravityforanewpurpose:tostoreenergy.Theypumped(用泵抽送)waterupahill,wheretheystoreditinalake.Thenwhentheyneededmoreelectricity,theyletthewatercomebackdownthehill,drivingelectricturbines(涡轮机)asitfell.Theideawasjustsosimple,anditisnowusedinmanypartsoftheworld.However,theproblemisthat“pumpedstorage”hydroschemes(抽水蓄能水电方案)can’tbebuiltjustanywhere,astheyneedlotsofwaterandbighillsormountains.Someexpertsbelievethatgravitysystemsarethecheapestwaytostoreelectricity.Gravity-storedelectricityismaybehalfthepriceofbattery-storedelectricity,butevensoitisnotcheap.Inordertomakegravitymoreeffective,wewouldneedtoincreaseitsforce—andthat,ofcourse,isquiteimpossible.Yetgravityisnottheonlywayofstoringenergy,andengineersareworkingonsystemsthatstoreitusingwaterpressureorcompressedair...andevensand!Storageisoneofthebigscientificchallengesofourtime,asstorageistheessentialpartnerofwindpowerandsolarpower.Weneedcleanelectricity24hoursaday,notjustwhenthesunisshiningorthewindisblowing.15．Theword“abundant”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．expensive B．environmental C．famous D．plentiful16．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat________.A．gravitysystemsarethecheapestwaytostoreelectricityB．“pumpedstorage”hydroschemescanbebuiltonsmallhillsC．engineersinSwitzerlandfirststoredenergybyusinggravitycreativelyD．expertshavealreadymadegravitymoreeffectivebyincreasingitsforce17．Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A．Totellthestoryoffindinggravity.B．Toshowtheimportanceofgravity.C．Tocallonpeopletousecleanelectricity.D．Tointroduceagoodwaytostoreelectricity.（2024北京大兴初三一模）Itissoeasytodescribepeopleasbeingtalented.Justlookatanyheadlinepraisingapieceofartwork,music,orothergreatfeat,andyouarelikelytoseetheword“talented”or“gifted”.However,isbeingtalentedatruemarkerofsuccess?Somepeoplebelievethattalentplaysakeyroleinachievingsuccessfast.Thosewithnaturalabilityinaparticularfieldcanoftengainsuccessrapidlywithlesseffort.Forexample,apersonwithanaturalearformusicmayfinditeasiertolearntoplayaninstrument.TakealookatWolfgangMozart.Hecomposedhisfirstmusicalmasterpiece(杰作)attheageof5.Andattheageof7,hewentonhisfirsttourstoperformhisabilitiesfortheworld.Intheprocessofhighlightingthe“natural”giftsofachievers,hardworkcangetlostinthemix.Theresultisthatmany“talents”believetheyonlyneedtodependontheirinnate(内在的)abilitiesinordertoproducegreatworks.Inevitably,thiscanleadtodisappointment,frustration,andevenmentalhealthproblems,becausetherealityisthattalentaloneisnotenough.Oneisoftenledtobelievethatbeingnaturallygiftedistheultimateprerequisite(最终的先决条件)forsuccessinanyfield.Butalmosteveryexampleofabigachievementinvolvessomedegreeofputtinginsomeamountofwork.Inathletics,forexample,standoutathletessuchasMichaelJordan,UsainBolt,andSerenaWilliamsareoftenpraisedfortheirnaturalabilities.However,closeranalysisoftheircareersshowsthattheseathletesspenthugechunksoftheirlivespracticing.Asidefromworkinghard,talentcanonlybecomeusefuliftheownerofthattalentdoeswhatisnecessarytoexpand(拓展)it.Ifyourtalentisjustbeinggoodatplayingtheguitar,forinstance,thatabilitycanonlygetyousofarbecausetherearemanyotherpeoplewhoalsoknowtheirwayaroundtheinstrument.Howwillyousetyourselfapartfromthecrowd?Youwoulddosobyfindingwaystoexpandyourguitar-playingcapabilities,whetherthatmeanslearningnewfingertricksormasteringdifferenttypesofguitars.Thenyouwillbemoresuccessfulthanothers.Nothingiswrongwithhavingnaturalabilities.Afterall,everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething.However,findingsuccessatanylevel,andinanyfield,requiresmorethantalent.Therelationshipsyoucreatewithpeopleandhabitsyoudevelopalsoplayaroleinyourabilitytogrowyourcareer.But,ultimately,workinghardisthemainfactorastohowfaryoucango.18．ThewriterusestheexampleofMozarttotellusthat________.A．naturalabilitycanhelpspeedupsuccessB．beingfamousshouldbeasearlyaspossibleC．talentcantaketheplaceofeffortcompletelyD．everyoneisborntobegoodatsomething19．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theresultofanartcompetition.B．Theachievementsoffamoustalents.C．Theproblemsofovervaluinginnateabilities.D．Theprocessofproducinggreatworksbytalents.20．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Hardworkhelpspeoplefindouttheirnaturalabilitieseasily.B．Almosteverygreatachievementrequiresacertainamountofeffort.C．Relationshipswithpeopleandhabitsaremoreimportantthantalent.D．Talentedpeoplearemorelikelytosucceedthanhardworkingpeople.21．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．hardworkbringspeoplemoresuccessthantalentdoesB．talentgivespeopleaheadstartinachievementsinanyfieldC．havingtalentisnotenoughtoensuresuccessunlesstalentisimprovedD．hardworkisnomorenecessaryunlessitisdonebypeoplesuccessfully（2024北京通州初三一模）Sharingyouropinionsisfunwheneveryoneelseagreeswithyou.Butwhataboutwhentheydon’t?Noonelikesfeelinglikethestrangeoneout,andthesedaysitseemslikepeoplewithunpopularopinionsaremorelikelytogetshunned(回避).Doesthatmeanyoushouldchangeyouropinionstoconform(符合)tothemajority’sbeliefs?Ofcoursenot.Here’swhatyoushoulddo.Sayit,butdon’tpushitWeallhaveideasthatwewanttoshare.Butdon’ttrytoconvince(说服)otherpeoplethatyouropinionisthebestideaortheonlyideatheyshouldhave.Standyourground,butdon’tbecondescending(居高临下的).Berespectfulofotherpeople’sopinions,tooIt’snotonlyyouwhoneedtoexpressanopinion.Everyoneshouldhavethechance,andyoushouldgivethemthatchance.Whenpeoplesharetheirthoughts,beopentothemanddon’tbringthemdownforunpopularopinions.AgreetodisagreeSometimes,wehavetoacceptthefactthatwewon’tagreeoneverything.Whenyouropinionsclash(冲突),makesurethatitendsthere.Don’thaveanyargumentsornegativefeelings.Agreetodisagreewhenthere’snootherwayforyou.Unpopularopinionscanrocktheboatwhenitcomestoconversations.Buttheycanbethebestconversationtopics.Havinganunpopularopinionishard,butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourrelationshipsoryourself-esteem(自尊).Withtherightway,youcanstandfirm(坚定地)inyourbeliefs,evenwhenyoufeellikeothersdon’tsharethem.Youcanshareadifferentideaonthetopic.Besurenottobesosurprisedwhensomeonedoesn’tagreewithyou.Itisanunpopularopinion,afterall.Learninghowtohandlehavinganunpopularopinionisimportantifyouwanttobeabletoshareyouropinionrespectfullyandeffectively,andyoudon’twanttofeelemotionallyisolated(孤立的)becauseofyouropinion.22．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Weshoulduseouropinionstochallengeothers’opinions.B．Weshouldtryourbesttomakeourfriendsacceptourideas.C．Whenweshareouropinions,weshouldstopothersfromtalking.D．Whenit’shardtoacceptdifferentopinions,weshouldsetthemaside.23．Thewords“rocktheboat”inParagraph5probablymean“______”.A．bringbenefits B．drawawayattention C．maketrouble D．winsupport24．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thecollectionofunpopularopinions. B．Waystodealwithunpopularopinions.C．Theimportanceofunpopularopinions. D．Benefitsofhavingunpopularopinions.（2024北京通州初三一模）Weallexperiencedifferentlevelsofstress,andwecanmanageacertainamountofitwhilestillfeelingcomfortableandfulfilled.Buteverywhereyoulooktoday,somepeoplearestressedout.Whydopeopleseemtohavemorestress?Manyresearchersagreethatstresscomesdowntothelargernumberoftasksandourhigherexpectations.Butwebelievethereismoretoconsider.Theattitudestowardsthetaskscanalsoinfluencethelevelofstress.Anattitudeisthewaythatyouthinkandfeelaboutthings.Badattitudestowardsthetaskscanslowdownthemanagementofthetasks.Somepeoplemaybeoverwhelmed(压倒)bytheirgrowinglistofto-doitems.Thiscanleadtoanxiety.Formany,anxietycanbepainful.Forsome,anxietycanbesopainfulthattheymayavoidtasksbigandsmall.Avoidancecanleadtoanexpandinglistofunfinishedtasks.Whensomeoneremindsustofacewhatwehavenotcompletedorwhenanewpressurehasbeenadded,theburden(负担)becomestoomuch.Forexample,ifsomeonetellsustomorrowisthedeadlineofourprojectsoranewoneisgiventous,wearefacingtheaccumulation(积累)ofstress.Oneoftheelementsthatinfluenceattitudesisemotions.Emotionsarepowerfulinternal(内部的)experiencesthatinfluenceattitudesandbehaviorsbyshapingideas,evaluations,anddecision-makingprocesses.Pleasantemotionstendtopromotepositiveattitudes,whileunpleasantemotionscanleadtonegativeattitudes.Furthermore,negativeemotionswillreducethethinkingprocessthatisnecessarytohandlestress.Forexample,shameoverunfinishedprojectsorunmetexpectationscanpushusdown,andnegativejudgmentcancreatealackofself-belief,whichcanaffectperformanceandtheoverallmanagementofstress.Whenyou’restressedoutandhaveabadattitudeontopofthatstress,youwillfeelthateventhesimplesttasksareboringandimpossibletodo,whichcanincreaseyourstresslevel.Butifwewanttohavelessstressonourtasks,it’stimetohaveproperattitudes.25．Youwillmostprobablyexperiencetheaccumulationofstresswhenyou______.A．leaveyourtaskstothelastminuteB．havecomfortablefeelingsatschoolC．havepositiveattitudestowardsyourworkD．areabletofinishyourhomeworkcorrectlyeveryday26．WhydoesthewritertalkaboutanxietyinParagraph3?A．Toprovideexamplesofthegrowinglist.B．Toshowanewwaytofacethestress.C．Tohelpusknowtheimportanceofthetasks.D．Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenattitudesandstress.27．Whatdoyouknowabouttheattitudesandemotionsfromthepassage?A．Emotionsareakindofbehaviorsguidedbyattitudes.B．Pleasantemotionscanleadtonegativeattitudes.C．Emotionsareeasiertochangethanattitudes.D．Attitudesareaffectedbyemotions.28．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.A．positiveattitudescanhelppeoplefeellessstressedB．peoplecanchangeattitudesbyobservingpeoplearoundthemC．highexpectationisakeypartofeffectivestressmanagementD．peoplehavepleasantemotionswhentheyfallbehindontasks（2024北京西城初三一模）Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouaregoodatnoticingthingsinyourenvironmentthatarepossiblydangerous?Defensivecircuits,oneofourbrainsystems,detect(察觉)signsthatmightsuggestthreats(威胁)andpreparethebodytotakequickaction,thereforeincreasingourchancesofstayingalive.Ourdefensivecircuitsarealwaysonthelookoutforthingsthatmightbethreats.Theylookforcertainfeaturesofobjects(物体)thatmakethoseobjectsstandoutfromtheotherthingsaroundthem.Objectswiththesefeaturesaregivenpriorityinourbrains;thatis,wepayattentiontothembeforeotherthings.So,howexactlydoesourthreatdetectionwork?First,thepresenceofafeaturethatcouldsuggestathreatgrabs,orcatches,ourattentionveryquickly—itisanautomatic(自动的)process.Threatdetectionhappenssoquicklybecausethethreatinformationdoesnothavetogoallthewayaroundthecortex(大脑皮层).Youcanthinkofthisasashortcutthroughthebrain,whichgivesusmoretimetoavoidpossiblethreats.Oncewelookatsomethingthatmightbeathreat,weoftenfindlookingawaytobeverydifficult—thethreateningobjectholdsourattention.Thisprocessisalsoautomatic,anditsadvantageisthatitgivesusmoretimetocollectadditionaldetailsaboutthepossiblethreat.Thosedetailsareimportantforunderstandingwhetherwearefacingarealthreatanddecidinghowtobestdealwiththesituation.Afterwehaverecognizedthepossiblethreat,ourbrainsmustoftenmakeupforthetimewe’vespentexaminingit-weneedtoavoidpayingattentiontothethreat,andthenwecanlookaroundandprocesstherestoftheenvironment.Thiscanhelpusfindadditionalthreats,orfindawayout.Oncewedetectathreat,thedefensivecircuitsprepareourbodytotakeaction.Wemakechangestoouremotions(forexample,feelingfear)andbodyfunctions(suchasspeedingupourheartbeat).Together,thesechangesallowustoactproperlyinthreateni