广东省深圳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含答案）4

广东省深圳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、第一部分，基础知识，单项选择，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）1．Studentscanimprovethebalancebetweenstudiesandafter-schoolactivitiesbycreatinga____.A．forum B．custom C．journal D．schedule2．Matt____tohisgirlfriendforhisthoughtlesswordsandhandedherabagofcandies.A．reacted B．referred C．apologized D．subscribed3．Nowadaysmapapplicationscanshowourlocation____inrealtime.A．types B．updates C．labels D．systems4．Unliketoday'spractice,theOlympicGameswere____heldtohonorgods.A．typically B．currently C．originally D．eventually5．Netflix____JaneAustin'snovelPrideandPrejudiceforaTVseriesbyresettingitinmodernLondon.A．selected B．adapted C．described D．published6．____aboutahistoricalfigureinhistextbook,MengHaosearchedonlineformoreinformation.A．Curious B．Positive C．Confident D．Anxious7．Recentyears____asignificantincreaseintheuseofAIacrossdifferentaspectsofhumanlife.A．saw B．see C．areseeing D．haveseen8．ShenzhenBayPark,____migratorybirdstakearesteveryyear,attractsalotofbirdwatchers.A．where B．which C．when D．that9．Socialmediaplatformsmakedifferentvoicesheard,butthey____alsospreadfalseinformation.A．must B．can C．should D．need10．—Jackenjoysheavymetalmusic,butthat'snotforLucy.—____,youknow.A．Whenthecat'saway,themicewillplayB．ThereisnotenoughroomtoswingacatC．Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoisonD．Don'tthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater二、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解Everyoneknowsapowernapfeelsgood,butdoyouknowthatpowernapsfitrightintoyournormalsleeporwakecycle?And,ifdoneright,theycanreallyhelpyougetthroughtheday.WearebuilttonapOurbodieshaveaninsidetimekeepercalledthecircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Theterm"circadian"comesfromtheLatinwordsmeaning"about(circa)aday(diem)".Itisbasedon24-hourlight/darkcycleandallowsyourbodytokeepwiththelight/darkenvironment.Thecircadianrhythmhelpsyoufallasleepandwakeup.Itchangesduringtheday,asshowninthepicture.KeystopowernappingYourbody'scircadianrhythmfallsandrisesthroughouttheday.Withthelargestfallintheafternoon,yourbodybecomesmoretiredduringthistime.Thatistosay,intheafternoon,youaredesignedfornapping.Instudies,anaplastingaquartercandothemosthelpinschoolperformanceandthinkingability.Ithelpsyoutoconcentrateonyourclassandreducestresswithoutaffectingyourabilitytofallasleepatnight.Asforwhentostart,thebestanswerwillbearound2:00pmaccordingtothevariationofcircadianrhythm.Inadditiontothelengthandthetiming,thereareotherwaysyoucanmakethemostofyourpowernaps:Trydeep-breathingoranotherrelaxationtechniqueasyoustart.Chooseaquiet,darkenedlocation.Asleepmaskmayhelp.Liedownorsitinacomfortablechair.Listentosoftmusicorwhitenoise.Tryabitofstretchingandwalkingaroundtorefreshafteryournap.11．Atwhichtimedoesthecircadianrhythmdecrease?A．From7:00amto10:00am.B．From10:00amto12:00pm.C．From12:00pmto2:00pm.D．From2:00pmto10:00pm.12．Whichofthefollowingnaplengthbesthelpsyourstudy?A．20minutes. B．15minutes. C．10minutes. D．5minutes.13．Howcanwerecoverafteranapaccordingtothetext?A．Stayinaquietplace. B．Playcountrymusic.C．Stretchourbodies. D．Removetheeyemask.阅读理解DearAlexa,TheIrishpoetYeatssaid,"Theintellect(才智出众者)ofmanisforcedtochoose:perfectionofthelife,orofthework."Hewaswrong.Youcouldhaveboth.You'renoticingthattimespentonacademiclearningistimenotspentwithfriends.Thattimecostwillgetworseasyougetolder,roundedwithworking,achievement-huntingorfamilyresponsibilities.Manyachievershavewokenupatage50or70,onlytowonderwherealloftheirfriendsandsoftmemorieswere.Itistooeasytoforgetwhywearetryingtogainmoneyandknowledge.Itisforalifewell-livedinsteadofmoneyandknowledgethemselves.Smartpeoplemakethisstupidmistakeallthetime,insearchforthemeanstoanendsomuchthattheyforgettheendaltogether.Thetrickistoseeyourday,notyourlife,astheplacewhereyoucarryoutyourpriorities.Everydaytherewillbeonemoretaskyoucoulddo.Teachyourselftostopeventhoughthere'smoretodo.Thinkofthingsyouhavemissedoutinyourlifeandpromiseyourselfyouwon'tdothemagain:"Iwon'tcancelonafriend'sbirthday"or"Iwon'tspeaktomyfamilyasthoughI'mthelead."Givingslightlylesstimetoworkdoesn'tmeanachievingless.IhavebeenluckytoknowsomeseriouslyachievingpeopleinmylifefromRhodesscholarstoNobelPrizeandPulitzerPrizewinners.Noneofthemareintheirofficeat11p.m.flappingpapers.Iftheywere,theywouldnothavesuchenergyfortheirgreatness.Youdon'thavetochoosebetweenlifeandworksincemakingtimeforonehelpstheother.Butyouhavetomakethetimesincehowyouplanyourdayishowyouplanyourlife.EleanorGordon-Smith14．WhatproblemistroublingAlexa?A．Howtoadapttoherschoollife.B．Howtobalanceherstudiesandsociallife.C．Howtoimprovehertestgrades.D．Howtogetalongwellwithherclassmates.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A．Itistoolatetomakefriendsat50or70.B．Manypeoplelosetheirmemoryat50or70.C．Theelderlyarefondofthinkingbacktheolddays.D．Regretonthetimespendingmaybeexpressedbyoldachievers.16．WhydoesMr.Smithsharetheexamplesofaward-winningpeople?A．Toencouragenecessaryrestamongtasks.B．Tosummarizeusefulmethodsinlearning.C．Topraisetheirachievementsintheirfields.D．Tolistcommonqualitiesofsuccessfulpeople.17．Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A．Hardworkisthekeytosuccess.B．Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.C．Therearemoreimportantthingsthanprizes.D．Itissignificanttomakethemostoftimeinaday.阅读理解OneofTwitter'smaincharactersrecentlywasamanwhochosetokeephismiddleseatbetweenacoupleonaflightinsteadofmovingtotheside.Thesituationraisedsomequestions:Whoarethesemiddle-seatlovers?Whatdotheywant?Manyofthethousandsofrepliessuggestedthatthemajorityoftheflyingpubliccannotunderstandwhysomeonewouldeverchoosethemiddleoverawindoworanaisle(走廊).Butamongthemajorityappearedafewpeoplewhoendorsemiddleseats."InthemiddleseatIdon'tfeelIshouldleanonewayoranotherandgenerallysitprettycomfortably,"onepersonwrote.Anotheradded:"I'mnotgettinghitbysomeonewalkingdowntheaisleorluggageeither."KyleBurke,inFlorida,saidonTwitterthatheusuallyexchangedseatswhenasked."Ididn'twanttositbetweenacouplethatwereupsetwithme,"hetoldTheWashingtonPost.At6-foot-7,Burke,41,saidhedidn'tfitwellinplaneseats,anyway.So,hepreferredthemiddle,whichgiveshimdoublechanceofhavingachattyneighbor.FrederickresidentSamanthaJonestoldThePostbyemailthatsheusuallychosethemiddleseatwhentravelingalone.Asamotherofthree,"Havingpersonalspaceisafar-offmemory."shesaid."Middleseatshavetheleastamountofresponsibility,"shewrote."Idon'tcontrolthewindowshadeandonlyhavetogetbyonepersontogetoutortogotothebathroom."Despitethefewfans,middleseatsarestillnotlikelytogetmuchrespect."There'snothinggoodinthemiddleseat,"ScottMcCartney,thewriterofthejournalMiddleSeatsaid."Theposition'sinfamy(臭名昭著)waspartofthereasonforthejournal'sname."Headded:"Peoplereallycareaboutthe‘middleseat',sotheyaremorelikelytopickupthismagazineonseeingit."18．Howdoestheauthorstartthetext?A．Bychallengingacommonbelief.B．Byraisingacouple'squestions.C．Bycomparingtravelers'preferences.D．Bypresentinganunusualseatchoice.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"endorse"inparagraph2probablymean?A．Exchange. B．Resist. C．Support. D．Indicate.20．WhydoesSamanthapreferthemiddleseat?A．Itprovideslargerspace.B．Itreducesunnecessarytrouble.C．Itavoidsfamilyresponsibilities.D．Itoffersnetworkingopportunities.21．WhydidScottchoose"MiddleSeat"asthenameofhisjournal?A．Tocatchreaders'eyes. B．Tovoicehisowntaste.C．Tomakepeoplethink. D．Tourgeairlinestochange.阅读理解Inthecontinuingfeverforoutdoorsportsandactivities,China'syounggenerationnowfindthemselvesdrawntoanewactivity—lurefishing(假饵钓鱼).Traditionalfishingmethodsuserealbait(饵)andoftenrequirehoursofpatientwaiting.However,lurefishingtakesadifferentapproach.Here,fishermenuseman-madebaittocopythemovementsofafish'snaturalprey(捕食)suchasswimming,strugglingandescaping.Inthisway,fishwillmistakethebaitfortherealpreyandmakeattack.Becausefishermenneedtofrequentlythrowandtakebackthelinetoseekforfish,thesportlookselegantandiscalled"watergolf"."Thefishshakesandstrugglessharply.Thefeelingisjustlikeputtingyourhandoutofthewindowwhiledrivingatfiftymilesperhour,"afishingloversays,recallinghisexperienceofcatchingabigfishusingalurefishingtechnique.Inrecentmonths,manyyoungChinesehavetakentosocialmediatosharetheirexperiences.Thetopic"lurefishing"hasover140,000postsonthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,andvideoswiththesametaghavebillionsofviewsontheshortvideoplatformDouyin.Anotherfeaturethatattractstheyounggenerationislurefishing'senvironmentally-responsibleapproach.Byusinggreenman-madebait,theactivitydoesnotbringtroubletothenaturalenvironmentofthewater.Also,thegeneralagreementinthelurefishingcommunityisto"catchandrelease",whichistoletthelittlefishgoandgrow,inordertoprotectfish.Moreover,lurefishingisbeginner-friendlyandrequireslessequipmentcomparedwithtraditionalfishing.Abasicsetcostsbetween500and2,000yuan.Butcostscanrisesignificantlyifyouseektotakeamoreprofessionalapproach."Eachfishingscenehasitsfishingrod(竿),andeachfishingtechniquealsohasitsfishingrod,"anotherlurefishingloversays.Headdshehasseventoeightsetsoffishingrods,whichshouldcometothousandsofyuanincost.22．Howislurefishingdifferentfromtraditionalmethods?A．Itisamoreactiveway.B．Itusesrealsmallfishasbait.C．Itisamoretime-consumingway.D．Itsavesfishinglovers'energy.23．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefeelingofthelurefishingloverinparagraph3?A．Tired. B．Relaxed. C．Surprised. D．Touched.24．Whyislurefishingthoughtasenvironmentally-friendly?A．Itusesmorenaturalbait.B．Itrequiresfewerresources.C．Itimprovesthequalityofwater.D．Itmaintainsfish'slivingcondition.25．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutlurefishing?A．Itsexpenses. B．Itsskills.C．Itsbenefits. D．Itsaudiences.三、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtolearnalanguageonyourown?Areyouthinkingoflearningalanguageonyourownbutdon'tknowwheretostart?Areyouwonderinghowtokeeponlearningwhenmeetingdifficulties?26．Tostartwith,beindependent.You'regoingtolearnthislanguage,soitisyourresponsibility.Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryou'reataschoolorentirelyonyourown.Ifyou'reinterestedinacertaintense,youcanlookitupaftertheclassroom.27．Itjustmeansthatyouaredetermined.Next,coverthesamematerialindifferentbooks.You'recomingacrossthesamematerialagainandagainthroughlotsofrepetition.28．You'renotworriedaboutansweringquestionsorwritingexams.Don'ttrytomasterorrememberanything.Justkeeplettingthelanguagewashoveryou.29．Findmaterialsthatareinteresting,real,butnottoodifficultwhenyoustartlearningthelanguage.Materialsofaconversationalnatureorpodcastsareeasierthanformalmaterials.Butasyoubecomemoreskilledinthelanguage,youneedtomovefromeasymaterialstorealones.Thismaysoundchallenging,butithelpsalotinimprovingyouunderstandingofthelanguage.Learningalanguageisachallengingactivity.Youmaydoubtyourselfduringthisprocess.Sometimesithelpstotakeabreakfromit.30．Thesegoalstellyouthatyouaremovingbecauseyoumakenomistakeaslongasyoucontinuetospendtimewiththelanguage.Keepitupandoneday,youwillfindcertainthingscometogetherforyou.

A.Furthermore,seekoutmaterialsthatarouseyourinterest.B.Italsohelpstosetspecificgoalslikethenumberofwords.C.Slowlyyourbraingetsusedtothematerialandthelanguage.D.Inaddition,usedifferentmaterialsatdifferentstagesoflearning.E.Herearesometipsthathelpyoubecomeasuccessfullanguagelearner.F.Ifyou'reconfusedabouttheformationofacertainword,searchitbyyourself.G.Therefore,beinganindependentlearnerdoesn'tmeanthatyouarenotinaclass.四、第三部分，语言运用，第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IntheearlyhoursofthemorningonApril17,KevinRecord,43,wassleepinginhisapartmentontheIsleofSheppeyinKent,England.Hisdog,Shogun,jumpedontothebedand31．himup.Record'se-scooter(电动摩托车)wassparking.Inasudden,thescooter'sbattery32．andthebedroomwasquicklysetonfire.Thoughsufferingseriouslife-changing33．ontheright-handsideofhisbody,Recordmanagedto34．fromtheflatandsurvivefromthefire.35．,Shogunlosthislife."Losingmyherodogespeciallymademe36．."Recordsaid."Hewaseverythingtome.I'llnever37．whathedidforme."Recordadded:"Ican'texplainthe38．ofthefire.Ihadneverseenanythinglikethat.Withinseconds,itwaslikeafireballthat39．toeverythinginsight.Itwassoquickand40．.KentFireandRescueService(KFRS)41．totheapartmentfire.Theyputoutthefirebutcouldnot42．anyofRecord'sbelongings.Fireinvestigatorsbelievedthatthe43．inRecord'se-scooterhadbeenoverheatedwhilepoweringup,causingthescootertocatchfire.Speakingfromhishospitalbed,Kevinpromisedhewouldroutinelycheckhise-scooterandmakesureitisingoodworking44．.AfterKevinrecoveredfromhisinjuries,the43-year-oldwashopinghisexperiencewouldserveasa(n)45．foranyonestoringorcharginge-scooters.31．A．pushed B．picked C．drew D．woke32．A．felloff B．blewupC．turnedover D．ranout33．A．knocks B．cuts C．ruins D．burns34．A．escape B．keep C．hear D．suffer35．A．Finally B．TypicallyC．Unfortunately D．Undoubtedly36．A．scared B．nervous C．puzzled D．heartbroken37．A．forget B．realize C．express D．regret38．A．result B．shape C．speed D．color39．A．spread B．awoke C．pointed D．jumped40．A．exciting B．frightening C．amazing D．confusing41．A．backed B．responded C．turned D．connected42．A．save B．collect C．move D．deliver43．A．fuel B．seat C．engine D．battery44．A．mind B．order C．practice D．platform45．A．aim B．model C．warning D．example五、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，完成句子，根据首字母或所给中文提示以适当的形式完成句子。每空一词，每题两空。（共15小题；每小题1分，每空0.5分，满分15分）46．Sherushedasfastasshecouldtocrossthe(终点线)intherace.47．Humanbeings(属于)nature,nottheotherwayaround.48．Themotherrockedhercryingbabygentlytohim(使……平静).49．(不管)hisbusywork,Bobalwaysmakestimeforhisfamily.50．Astheyearcametoanend,Maya(反思)herprogressandsetgoalsforthefuture.51．You(最好)wearsunscreenatthebeachtoavoidgettingasunburn.52．Sarah's(园艺手艺)havethemagicalpowertobringlifeandbeautytoanygarden.53．Let'smeetforcoffeetomorrowsowecan(聊近况)oneachother'slives.54．Yancypackedherbagsand(留下)anotesayinggoodbye.55．Thebeautifulsceneryalongthewaymadetheroadtrip(值得的).56．Thoughinaforeigncountry,thekindnessofthelocalsmadeWangLifeel(感到自在).57．Sophiaalwaysp(谨慎行事)bycarryinganumbrellaincaseofunexpectedrain.58．The(数字时代)hasgreatlychangedthewaywecommunicatewitheachother.59．Wewereworriedabouttheweather,butthesunfinallyt(出现)andmadeitaperfectday.60．Taketimetorelax,tobealone,andtospendqualitytimewithyourselfdoingnothing(特别地).六、第三部分，语言运用，第三节，语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyweekend,YangJiespendsatleastamorningatabookhousebythe6,300km-longYangtzeRiver,readingwhileenjoyingacupofcoffee.ThebookhousethatYangJieoftenvisits61．(call)PipaPavilion,inspiredbyafamouspoemPipaXing.Shapedlike62．pipafromabird'seyeview,PipaPavilion63．(stand)asaculturallandmarkintheJiujiangsectionoftheYangtzeRiverNationalCulturalPark.PipaPavilionoffersmorethan5,000booksfree64．reading,aswellasacoffeeshopandatearoom.These65．(facility)arepartoftheYangtzeRiverNationalCulturalPark,whichaimstopassontheculturalhistoryofYangtzeRiver,the66．(long)andmosticonicriverinChina.Similarly,ChinaisbuildingculturalparkscenteredaroundtheGreatWall,theGrandCanal,theLongMarchandtheYellowRiver,allof67．aredefiningsymbolsofChineseculture.By68．(set)uptheseparks,Chinaproudlydisplays69．(it)diverseculture.Moreimportantly,itshowshowculturaland70．(environment)protectioncoexistinharmony,offeringasustainablelegacy(遗产)forgenerationstocome.七、第四部分，写作71．应用文写作，假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Max最近发来邮件，谈到他学业压力大、饮食不规律的问题。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1．表示关心；2．提出建议；3．给予鼓励。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearMax,I'msorrytohearthatyouareexperiencingacademicstressandirregulareatinghabits.……Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分1．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：学生可以通过制定时间表来平衡学习和课外活动。A.forum"论坛"；B.custom"习俗"；C.journal"日志"；D.schedule"计划表"。根据"improvethebalancebetweenstudiesandafter-schoolactivities"可知，应是通过制定时间表来平衡，故选D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分forum；custom；journal和schedule地含义。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：马特为他轻率的话向他的女朋友道歉，并递给她一袋糖果。A.reacted"反应"；B.referred"提到"；C.apologized"道歉"；D.subscribed"订阅"。根据"forhisthoughtlesswords"可知，马特为他轻率的话而道歉。apoligizetosb.forsth.固定短语，"因某事向某人道歉"，故选C。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分react；refer；apologize和subscribe地含义以及固定短语apoligizetosb.forsth.。3．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：如今，地图应用程序可以实时显示我们的位置更新。A.types"类型"；B.updates"更新的信息"；C.labels"标签"；D.systems"系统"。根据句意及"inrealtime"可知，此处指"地图应用程序可以实时显示我们的位置更新"，故选B。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分type；update；label和system地含义。4．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：与今天的做法不同，奥运会最初是为了纪念上帝而举行的。A.typically"典型地，通常"；B.currently"目前"；C.originally"原来，起初"；D.eventually"最后"。根据"Unliketoday'spractice"可知，此处指"奥运会最初是为了纪念上帝而举行的"，故选C。

【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分typically；currently；originally和eventually的含义。5．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：美国奈飞公司将简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》改编成电视剧，并将其背景重新设置在现代伦敦。A.selected"选择，挑选"；B.adapted"（使）适合，改编"；C.described"描述"；D.published"发表"。根据"JaneAustin'snovelPrideandPrejudiceforaTVseries"可知，这里指将简·奥斯汀的小说改编成电视剧。adaptsth.forsth.固定短语，"将……改编成……"。故选B。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分select；adapt；describe和publish的含义以及固定短语adaptsth.forsth.。6．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：对课本上的一个历史人物感到好奇的孟浩在网上搜索了更多的信息。A.Curious"好奇的"；B.Positive"积极的"；C.Confident"自信的"；D.Anxious"焦虑的"。根据"searchedonlineformoreinformation"可知搜索信息是因为好奇。故选A。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分curious；positive；confident和anxious的含义。7．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：近年来，人工智能在人类生活的不同方面的应用显著增加。此处是谓语动词，结合主语"Recentyears"可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语是名词复数，助动词使用have。故选D。

【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。8．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：深圳湾公园是候鸟每年休息的地方，吸引了很多观鸟者。____migratorybirdstakearesteveryyear是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ShenzhenBayPark，在从句作地点状语应用关系副词where，故选A。

【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。9．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：社交媒体平台使不同的声音被听见，但它们也能传播虚假信息。A.must"必须"；B.can"可以，能，可能"；C.should"应该"；D.need"需要"。根据"Socialmediaplatformsmakedifferentvoicesheard"可知，此处指社交媒体平台能传达不同的声音，也可能传播虚假信息，can符合题意，故选B。

【点评】考查情态动词词义辨析，区分must；can；should和need的含义和应用。10．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——Jack喜欢重金属音乐，但Lucy不喜欢。——一个人的佳肴常为另一人的毒药，你知道的。A.Whenthecat'saway,themicewillplay."猫儿不在，老鼠成精"；B.Thereisnotenoughroomtoswingacat."（地方或空间）小得无法转身"；C.Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison."一个人的佳肴常为另一人的毒药"；D.Don'tthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater."不分良莠一起抛弃"。根据"Jackenjoysheavymetalmusic,butthat'snotforLucy."可知，"一个人的佳肴常为另一人的毒药"符合题意，故选C。

【点评】考查情景交际，区分Whenthecat'saway,themicewillplay；Thereisnotenoughroomtoswingacat；Oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison和Don'tthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater的含义和应用环境。【答案】11．C12．B13．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是昼夜节律以及打盹的一些注意事项。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇科普类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。11．可曾细节理解。根据图中"12:00PMto2:00PMWefeelsleepyastherhythmdips."中午12点到下午2点随着节律的下降我们感到困倦。可知，生理节律从中午12点到下午2点减弱。故选C。12．考查细节理解。根据Keystopowernapping部分中"Instudies,anaplastingaquartercandothemosthelpinschoolperformanceandthinkingability."在研究中，持续一刻钟的午睡对学习成绩和思维能力有最大的帮助。可知，15分钟午睡时间对你的学习最有帮助。故选B。13．考查细节理解。根据最后一段"Tryabitofstretchingandwalkingaroundtorefreshafteryournap."试着在小睡后伸展一下身体，四处走走来恢复精神。可知，我们午睡后应该伸展我们的身体。故选C。【答案】14．B15．D16．A17．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，作者通过这封信向亚历克莎传达了关于如何平衡学习、工作和社交生活的建议。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一封信，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。14．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"You'renoticingthattimespentonacademiclearningistimenotspentwithfriends."你注意到，花在学习上的时间就没有花在与朋友相处上。可知，让亚历克莎感到困惑的是如何平衡社交和学习生活，故选B。15．考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的"Manyachievershavewokenupatage50or70,onlytowonderwherealloftheirfriendsandsoftmemorieswere"许多成功人士在50岁或70岁时才恍然大悟，疑惑自己所有的朋友和那些美好的回忆都去了哪里；以及第三段中的"Itistooeasytoforgetwhywearetryingtogainmoneyandknowledge.Itisforalifewell-livedinsteadofmoneyandknowledgethemselves"我们太容易忘记为何我们努力赚钱和获取知识。我们是为了过上充实的生活，而不仅仅是赚钱和获取知识本身。可推知，划线部分表达的是成功人士太容易忘记为何要努力赚钱和获取知识，然而到了50岁或70岁时，会对过去的日子感到后悔，故选D。16．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"IhavebeenluckytoknowsomeseriouslyachievingpeopleinmylifefromRhodesscholarstoNobelPrizeandPulitzerPrizewinners.Noneofthemareintheirofficeat11p.m.flappingpapers.Iftheywere,theywouldnothavesuchenergyfortheirgreatness"我很幸运地认识了一些非常成功的人，他们中有罗德奖学金获得者，也有诺贝尔奖和普利策奖得主。他们中没有一个会在晚上11点还在办公室里手忙脚乱地处理文件。如果他们这样做，他们就不会有如此多的精力去成就伟大事业。可知，史密斯先生分享获奖者的例子的目的是为了鼓励在任务之间必要的休息，故选A。17．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Everydaytherewillbeonemoretaskyoucoulddo.Teachyourselftostopeventhoughthere'smoretodo.Thinkofthingsyouhavemissedoutinyourlifeandpromiseyourselfyouwon'tdothemagain"每天都会有一项你可以完成的任务。学会适可而止，即使还有更多事情要做。想想你人生中错过的事情，并承诺自己不再重蹈覆辙；倒数第二段中的"IhavebeenluckytoknowsomeseriouslyachievingpeopleinmylifefromRhodesscholarstoNobelPrizeandPulitzerPrizewinners.Noneofthemareintheirofficeat11p.m.flappingpapers.Iftheywere,theywouldnothavesuchenergyfortheirgreatness"我很幸运地认识了一些非常成功的人，他们中有罗德奖学金获得者，也有诺贝尔奖和普利策奖得主。他们中没有一个会在晚上11点还在办公室里手忙脚乱地处理文件。如果他们这样做，他们就不会有如此多的精力去成就伟大事业；以及最后一段"Youdon'thavetochoosebetweenlifeandworksincemakingtimeforonehelpstheother.Butyouhavetomakethetimesincehowyouplanyourdayishowyouplanyourlife."你不需要在生活和工作之间做出选择，因为为其中一方腾出时间也会有助于另一方。但你必须腾出时间，因为你规划一天的方式就是你规划生活的方式。可知，作者认为成功的人生不需要在生活和工作之间做出选择，要学会做好规划，适可而止，因为人生中不只有工作，还有比工作中获得的奖励更重要的东西，故选C。【答案】18．D19．C20．B21．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，是关于飞机上中间座位的讨论，许多人表示，大多数乘坐飞机的人无法理解为什么有人会选择中间的座位，而不是靠窗或靠过道的座位。但在大多数人中，出现了一些支持中间席位的人。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。18．考查推理判断。根据第一段"OneofTwitter'smaincharactersrecentlywasamanwhochosetokeephismiddleseatbetweenacoupleonaflightinsteadofmovingtotheside.Thesituationraisedsomequestions:Whoarethesemiddle-seatlovers?Whatdotheywant?"最近推特上的一个主角是一名男子，他在飞机上选择坐在一对夫妇中间的座位，而不是挪到旁边。这种情况引发了一些问题：这些爱坐在中间的人是谁？他们想要什么？可推知，作者通过提供一个不寻常的座位选择开始这篇文章。故选D。19．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"‘InthemiddleseatIdon'tfeelIshouldleanonewayoranotherandgenerallysitprettycomfortably,'onepersonwrote.Anotheradded:‘I'mnotgettinghitbysomeonewalkingdowntheaisleorluggageeither.'""在中间的座位上，我觉得我不会朝这边或那边倾斜，通常坐得很舒服，"一个人写道。另一个人补充道："我不会被过道上走过的人或行李撞到。"可知，后文列举了两个支持中间座位的人，划线词endorse意思是"支持"。故选C。20．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Asamotherofthree,‘Havingpersonalspaceisafar-offmemory.'shesaid.‘Middleseatshavetheleastamountofresponsibility,'shewrote.‘Idon'tcontrolthewindowshadeandonlyhavetogetbyonepersontogetoutortogotothebathroom.'"(作为三个孩子的母亲，"拥有私人空间是一个遥远的记忆。她说。"中间座位的责任最少，"她写道。"我不能控制窗帘，出去或上厕所只需要经过一个人。"可知，萨曼莎喜欢中间的座位是为了减少不必要的麻烦。故选B。21．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"Headded:‘Peoplereallycareaboutthe‘middleseat',sotheyaremorelikelytopickupthismagazineonseeingit.'"他补充说："人们真的很在乎‘中间座位'，所以他们更有可能在拿起这本杂志时看到它。"可知，斯科特选择"中间座位"作为他日记的名字是为了吸引读者的眼球。故选A。【答案】22．A23．B24．D25．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了假饵钓鱼在中国的年轻人当中很受欢迎的现象。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。22．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Traditionalfishingmethodsuserealbait(饵)andoftenrequirehoursofpatientwaiting.However,lurefishingtakesadifferentapproach.Here,fishermenuseman-madebaittocopythemovementsofafish'snaturalprey(捕食)suchasswimming,strugglingandescaping.Inthisway,fishwillmistakethebaitfortherealpreyandmakeattack."传统的钓鱼方法使用真正的诱饵，通常需要数小时的耐心等待。然而，引诱捕鱼采用了不同的方法。在这里，渔民使用人造诱饵来模仿鱼的自然猎物的动作，如游泳、挣扎和逃跑。这样一来，鱼就会误以为诱饵是真正的猎物而发起攻击。可知，传统的钓鱼方法要用真正的诱饵并且花很久时间等待鱼去咬饵，而假饵钓鱼则是用人造诱饵模仿鱼的猎物的动作，让鱼去主动发起攻击。可推知，假饵钓鱼与传统钓鱼方法的不同之处在于，它是一种更加主动的方式。故选A。23．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Thefeelingisjustlikeputtingyourhandoutofthewindowwhiledrivingatfiftymilesperhour"这种感觉就像在以每小时50英里的速度行驶时把手伸出窗外。可知，这位钓鱼爱好者说这种感觉就像开车兜风时把手伸出窗外的感觉，可推知，他感觉很放松。故选B。24．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Anotherfeaturethatattractstheyounggenerationislurefishing'senvironmentally-responsibleapproach.Byusinggreenman-madebait,theactivitydoesnotbringtroubletothenaturalenvironmentofthewater."吸引年轻一代的另一个特点是假饵钓鱼对环境负责的方法。通过使用绿色人造诱饵，该活动不会给水域的自然环境带来麻烦。"可知，假饵钓鱼使用绿色人造诱饵，不会污染水域环境，所以它对环境有好，可推知，这种钓鱼方法可以保护鱼的生存环境。故选D。25．考查段落大意。根据倒数第二段中的"Butcostscanrisesignificantlyifyouseektotakeamoreprofessionalapproach."但是，如果你想采取更专业的方法，成本可能会大幅上升。指出，如果采取更专业的方法，成本会大幅上升；以及最后一段"‘Eachfishingscenehasitsfishingrod(竿),andeachfishingtechniquealsohasitsfishingrod,'anotherlurefishingloversays.Headdshehasseventoeightsetsoffishingrods,whichshouldcometothousandsofyuanincost.""每一个捕鱼场景都有它的钓竿，每一种捕鱼技术也有它的鱼竿，"另一位假饵钓鱼爱好者说。他补充说，他有七到八套鱼竿，这些鱼竿的成本应该高达数千元。可推出，本段主要