广东省深圳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含答案）2

广东省深圳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、第一部分，基础知识，单项选择从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Shehasastrongmindandisalwaysreadyto____challenges.A．represent B．assure C．indicate D．embrace2．—Iwantyoubothtobeonyourbest____atGrandad's.—OKwewill,Mum.A．opportunity B．struggle C．behavior D．purpose3．Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecanto____akeyuniversity.A．beattendedto B．beadmittedtoC．beaddressedto D．bealertto4．____herdisappointment,she____andmanagedabrightsmile.A．Though;movedon B．Inspiteof;tookoffC．As;settleddown D．Despite;cheeredup5．Itis____ofhimtobelate,whichmakesusveryangry.A．thoughtful B．average C．common D．typical6．Wemustdosomethingto____thefactoriessendingoutpoisonousgasessoastokeepthecity____.A．keep;beingpolluted B．keep;frombeingpollutedC．prevent;frombeingpolluted D．prevent;beingpolluted7．____,myboy.Youcan'texpecttofinishalltheworkinsuchashorttime.A．KilltwobirdswithonestoneB．RaincatsanddogsC．HoldyourhorsesD．Bravetheelements8．Theladiesspentsometime____oneachother'shealthandfamilies.A．sufferingfrom B．comingacrossC．bringingup D．catchingup9．Itwasinmyseniorhighschool____Imetthewell-respectedteachers____Imadegreatprogressinmanyaspects.A．that;that B．where;when C．that;when D．where;that10．Eversincetheconceptof"themetaverse(元宇宙)"becameanewfocus,MarkZuckerberg____thenameofhiscompanyFacebook.A．hasconsideredchanging B．hadconsideredtochangeC．consideredchanging D．wasconsideringtochange11．WhenIwasatcollegeI______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptforafewwordsofeach.A．spoke;hadforgotten B．spoke;haveforgottenC．hadspoken;hadforgotten D．hadspoken;haveforgotten12．Findinghercarstolen,____.A．apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB．shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelpC．theareawassearchedthoroughlyD．peoplearoundallcametohelpher13．Fortyyearslater,Mrs.Wyattstillremembersthegoldentimes____sheandherhusbandspentinthatsmallandplainhousebuiltbythemselves.A．when B．inthat C．inwhich D．that14．—What'syourplanforthismorning?—Totellyouthetruth,Ireallycan'tgoanywherebecauseI____animportantvisitorfromoutoftown.A．haveexpected B．willhaveexpectedC．expected D．amexpecting15．Notonly____myskillsofcommunicationbutalso____metoknowmoreaboutourtraditionalculture.A．theactivitytrained;itallowedB．didtheactivitytrain;diditallowC．didtheactivitytrain;itallowedD．theactivitytrained;diditallow16．—Howwasyourweekend,Mary?—Great.IlikeweekendsbecauseI____getupsoearly.A．can't B．shouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't17．Highspeedtrainsareseldomdelayedorcancelledduetoweatherconditions.____,theyhavebecomethefirstchoiceformanypassengers.A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise18．Americahasmorethanfiftystates,____,Kentucky,istheplace____AbrahamLincolnwasborn.A．oneofthem;where B．oneofthem;thatC．oneofwhich;that D．oneofwhich;where19．Salesdirectorisaposition____communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A．which B．where C．when D．whom20．ToeataXiaolongbao,youhavetodecidewhether____asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),or____thewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.A．biting;toput B．biting;puttingC．tobite;putting D．tobite;toput二、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteswerecreatedtocelebrateandsafeguardthemostuniqueplacesaroundtheworld.Belowaremy4favoriteUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.CinqueTerre,ItalyWithcarsbannedhere,you'llreallygettofeeltheuniquehistoryandcharacteroftheCinqueTerre'sfivecenturies-oldcoastalvillages.Thebreathtakingviewsofharborsfarbelowthewildcoastlinealongwiththerichcolorswilldefinitelymakeitamemorableholiday.AngkorWat,CambodiaAngkorWatistheworld'slargestreligious(宗教的)monumentanditcontainsimpressiveremainsfromtheKhmerEmpire(9thto15thcentury).ThesitehasdozensoficonictempleslikeTaProhm(amagnificenttempleruinhiddeninthejungle).Hostingmorethantwomillionvisitorsannually,thisartisticmasterpieceisamust-seesite.PetraJordanPetra'srock-cutarchitecturehascontributedtoitsnickname,theRoseCity,basedonthecolorofthestoneitwascarvedfrom.Thedelicateconstructionsoftemplesandtombsalongwiththeremainsofchurchesandtemplesareonlyacoupleofreasonswhythisworld-famoussiteisamust-visitdestination.YellowstoneNationalPark,USAYellowstone'svastwildernessincludesmountainranges,lakesandwaterfalls.OneofthemainreasonsfortouriststovisitYellowstoneistoobservetheamazingwildlifelikegrizzlybear,bison,bighornsheepwandertheplainsandvalleys.Foradailymomentoftravelinspiration,clickheretofollowme.21．Wherecantouristsenjoybeautifulharborviews?A．InCinqueTerre. B．InAngkorWat.C．InPetra. D．InYellowstoneNationalPark.22．WhatdoAngkorWatandPetrahaveincommon?A．Colorfulstones. B．Religiousrelics.C．Coastalvillages. D．Amazingwildlife.23．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Awildlifebrochure.C．Atravelblog. D．Aneconomicmagazine.阅读理解WhenIhandedmydaughteracopyofKingoftheWindbyMargueriteHenry,shelookedskeptical.ShereluctantlyagreedtoreaditwithmeafterItoldheritwasoneofmyfavoritestorieswhenIwasherage,andherskepticismquicklymorphedintoenthusiasmasshefellinlovewiththebook.Watchingherconnecttothestorybroughtbackafloodofmemoriesaboutmyfirsttimereadingthebook.Itwaslikeintroducingmydaughtertoamuchyoungerversionofmyself.Ihighlyrecommendotherparentssharetheirfavoritechildhoodbooks,asweetactivitywithlotsofbenefits.Everynight,Isitontheendofmydaughters'bedsandreadthemthestoriesI'vecherishedfordecades.Thisdistraction-freetimegivesmykidsthechancetoaskquestionsaboutthebookwe'rereading,the"oldendays"whenIwasakid,andwhateverelseisontheirminds.My9-year-oldespeciallyadoresthistimetogetherandthedeeperconnectionshefeelstoherfamilybecauseofit.Readingherabookthatholdssignificantmeaningformebringsustogetherinawholenewway.There'snothingbetterthanwatchingmykids'reactionstobooksI'velovedmyentirelife.TheychatteredwithexcitementwhenCharliefoundhisgoldenticketinRoaldDahl'sclassicandpulledthecoversovertheirblushingfaceswhenAlmanzoaskedLauraifhecouldwalkherhomeintheLittleHouseseries.Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeI'mreachingthroughtimeandconnectingmychildhoodwiththeirs.Everygenerationhasbooksthatdefinethem.Formykids,it'smostlyfantasyandrealisticfiction.Byreadingmychildhoodfavoritestothem,mykidsstepoutsidetheircomfortzonesandtrynewgenres,authors,andwritingstyles.My9-year-olddidn'tknowshelovedfolkloreuntilwereadmyfavoritecollectionofJapanesechildren'sstoriestogether.My11-year-oldbecameobsessedwithwildernesssurvivalstorieswhenIreadScottO'Dell'sIslandoftheBlueDolphinstoher.24．Whatcantheunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphbereplacedby?A．changed B．translated C．built D．burnt25．Howdoesreadingtogetherinfluencetheauthorandhisdaughters?A．Theydon'tunderstandeachother.B．Theyforgettheirunhappinessinthepast.C．Theybecomeclosertoeachother.D．Theygetboredwitheachother.26．Whatarethekids'responsestothebookstheauthorlovedinhischildhood?A．Theyareexcitedandpleased.B．Theyareboredbutcurious.C．Theyareastonishedandsad.D．Theyareuninterestedbutgrateful.27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A．Heburdenshischildrenbyreading.B．Hehelpshischildrenfindtheirinterests.C．Hefailstogethischildrenoutoffantasy.D．Hepreferstoreadchildren'sbooks.阅读理解Anyparentofgrowingteenagersknowstheirkids'appetite(食欲)canbeextremelylarge.Now,imaginehavingayoungdinosaurcheckingthefridge.Theoutsizeappetitesofgrowingdinosaursreshapedfoodchainsintheirenvironmentandcrowdedoutothercarnivores(食肉动物),accordingtoanewstudy.Mostgroupsofanimalshavemanysmall-sizedspecies,somewhatfewermedium-sizedspeciesandthefewestlarge-sizedspecies.However,theextinctdinosaurs—especiallycarnivoreshadplentyofspeciesnobiggerthanmodern-daychickensandalsomanyextremelybigspecies,butfewmedium-sizedones.Scientistswonderedwhetherteendinosaurscrowdedoutmedium-sizedadultsbytakingadvantageofthehabitatsandfoodsourcesthosespeciesmighthavetaken.Totesttheidea,KatlinSchroeder,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofNewMexico(UNM),combedaglobalcollectionofdatatodeterminethesizeofmorethan550dinosaurspeciesin43ancientecosystems."Inmostcommunities,plant-eatingdinosaurswereinmultifarioussizes.Butcarnivoreswerecompletelydifferent,"Schroedersays.Plant-eatingdinosaurscameinarangeofsizes,whilecarnivorousdinosaursbetween100and1,000kilogramswerequiterare."Thesizeofthecarnivorousdinosaurissurprising.It'sasifyouwenttothesavanna,alargeflatareaofgrassyland,andsawnothinginsizebetweenasmallfoxandalion,"Schroedersays."Patternsinallthedinosaurcommunitiesstudiedareverysimilar.Wesawthegapinspecies'sizesforyears,butnevermeasuredit."SchroederandpaleontologistsEelisaSmithofUNMandKathleenLyonsoftheUniversityofNebraska,Lincoln,modeledtherolethatyoungcarnivorousdinosaursmighthaveplayedinecosystems."Iftheteendinosaursarereallyusingupthisspace,howmanyofthemwouldyouexpect?"Smithsays.Theirstudyshowedthat"theteenagersfillthegap,"shesays."Ifyoufillthemin,thenyougetacommunitythatlookslikewhatyou'dexpect.""Theeffectmaybestrongerinmeateatersbecauseeachcarnivorousdinosaurspecieshatched(孵化)fromsmalleggs;thentheygrewveryquickly.Theyhadtochangedietsandhuntingmethodstoadapttotheirnewsizesandcompetewitharangeofotherspeciesalongtheway,"Erickson,anotherscientist,says."Thestudy'sstressonhowanimals'niches(生态位)canchangeastheygrowoffersfreshunderstandings,"saysMikeBenton,ascientistattheUniversityofBristol.28．Howdoestheauthorbringupthetopicofthetext?A．Byshowinganexample. B．Bymakingacomparison.C．Bystartingadiscussion. D．Byofferinganexplanation.29．Whatconfusesscientistsabouttheextinctdinosaurs?A．Whethertheylivedinlargecommunities.B．Whyyoungdinosaurshadoutsizeappetites.C．Whytherewerefewermedium-sizedspecies.D．Howtheyadaptedtotheenvironmentchange.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"multifarious"inParagraph4probablymean?A．Similar. B．Large. C．Reasonable. D．Various.31．WhatdoesEricksonwanttostressinthelastbutoneparagraph?A．Theimpactofcarnivorousdinosaurs'appetiteontheirsizes.B．Thecompetitivelivingenvironmentofcarnivorousdinosaurs.C．Therelationbetweenfoodvarietyanddinosaurs'survivalability.D．Theroleofeatinghabitsincarnivorousdinosaurs'huntingmethods.阅读理解Thecurbcut（路缘坡）isaconveniencethatmostofusrarely,ifever,notice.Yet,withoutit,dailylifemightbealotharder—inmorewaysthanone.Pushingababystrollerontothecurb,skateboardingontoasidewalkortakingafullgrocerycartfromthesidewalktoyourcar—allthesetasksareeasierbecauseofthecurbcut.Butitwascreatedwithadifferentpurposeinmind.It'shardtoimaginetoday,butbackinthe1970s,mostsidewalksintheUnitedStatesendedwithasharpdrop-off.Thatwasabigdealforpeopleinwheelchairsbecausetherewerenoramps（斜坡）tohelpthemmovealongcityblockswithoutassistance.Accordingtoonedisabilityrightsleader,asix-inchcurb"mightaswellhavebeenMountEverest"forwheelchair-boundpeople.So,activistsfromBerkeley,California,whoalsoneededwheelchairs,organizedacampaigntocreatetinyrampsatintersectionstohelpdisadvantagedpeopledependentonwheelsmoveupanddowncurbsindependently.Ithinkaboutthe"curbcuteffect"alotwhenworkingonissuesaroundhealthequality.ThefirsttimeIevenheardaboutthecurbcutwasina2017StanfordSocialInnovationReviewpiecebyPolicyLinkCEOAngelaBlackwell.Blackwellrightlynotedthatmanypeopleseeequalityas"azero-sumgame（零和游戏）".Basically,thereisadeeplyrootedsocialbeliefamongthemthatintentionallysupportingonegrouphurtsanother.Whatthecurbcuteffectrevealsthough,Blackwellsaidisthat"whensociety-createsthecircumstancesthatallowthosewhohavebeenleftbehindtoparticipateandcontributefully,everyonewins."Onesuchexampleisclosedcaptioning（字幕）,originallyintendedtohelpdeafpeopleunderstandmoviesandTVshowswithoutneedingtoheardialogueorsounds.Butit'seasytothinkofotherapplicationsforclosedcaptioning:it'sconvenientforcustomerswatchingTVinanoisybarorgym,second-languagelearnerswhowanttoreadaswellaslisten,orstudentswhouseitasastudyaid.So,nexttimeyoucrossthestreet,orrollyoursuitcasethroughacrosswalkorrideyourbikedirectlyontoasidewalk—thinkabouthowmuchthecurbcut,thatchangeindesignthatbrokedownwallsofexclusionforonegroupofpeopleatadisadvantage,hashelpednotjustthatgroup,butallofus.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedquoteimplyconcerningasix-inchcurb?A．Itisanunforgettablesymbol.B．Itisanimpassablebarrier.C．Itisanimportantsign.D．Itisanimpressivelandmark.33．AccordingtoAngelaBlackwell,whatdomanypeoplebelieve?A．It'snotworthwhiletopromotehealthequality.B．It'snecessarytogoallouttohelpthedisabled.C．It'simpossibletohaveeveryonetreatedequally.D．It'sfairtogivethedisadvantagedmorehelpthanothers.34．Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestillustratesthe"curbcuteffect"principle?A．ThefourgreatinventionsofancientChinaspreadtoothercountriesintheworld.B．Readingmachinesforblindpeoplehelpbuildthedigitalmapsdriversusetonavigate.C．Yourreachingouttothedisadvantagedcontributestomorepeopledoingit.D．AbutterflyflappingitswingsinonecountryleadstoaTornadoinanothercountry.35．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Thecurbcutisaconvenientrampdesignedtobenefitthedisabled.B．Everyoneinasocietyshouldbetreatedequally.C．Supportingdisadvantagedgroupsoftenendsupbenefitingmuchlargerrangesofsociety.D．Howdisabilityrightsactivistsfoughtforequalitythatchangedthelifeofhisfollowers.三、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Climatechangereferstolong-termshiftsintemperaturesandweatherpatterns.36．Butsincethe1800s,humanactivitieshavebeenthemaindriverofclimatechange,primarilyduetoburningfossilfuelslikecoal,oilandgas.Climatechangecancauseextremeeventslikewildfiresandfloods.37．Howdoesclimatechangemakeyoufeel?Thenewsofmeltingglaciersandoilspillsmayseemoverwhelmingandcanmakeyoufeelangry,frightened,hopelessorupset.Thisiscalledclimateanxiety.38．Ifyoufeelworriedaboutwhat'shappeningtotheworld,goodforyou.It'snormaltobeupsetwhenthingsyoucareaboutaregettinghurt.39．Therearelotsofthingsyoucandotohelpadultstakebettercareoftheworld.Turnyourfearintopowerbydoingsomething.Breakingtheproblemintobite-sizedchunksisagoodwaytostart.Thinkofsomethingyoufeelpassionateabout,suchasprotectingoceanlifeorsavingforests,andjoinacommunitygrouporcharitythatsupportsthatcause.LocalcharitieslikePlasticFreeCoastorganizebeachcleans,andtheRainforestTeamhaslotsofplanet-savingideas,suchasreducingfoodwaste.Positiveactioncaninspireotherstoo.SistersKimandStellaKingfromthecharityFightsAgainstPlastichavepickedup90,000piecesofplastic.Theyaskschools,businessesandorganizationstofollowtheirlead.40．A.Whyisthereclimateanxiety?B.Anditisanormal,healthyresponse.C.Thisrisksthelivesofhumans,animalsandplants.D.Remember,it'simportanttogetsupportfrompeoplearound.E.Noonecanfixclimatechangeontheirownbutwecanallplayapart.F.Theseshiftsmaybenatural,suchasthroughvariationsinthesolarcycle.G.So,tellfriendsandfamilywhatyou'reuptoandencouragethemtojoinin.四、第三部分，语言运用，第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MissPattyisaforceofnature.Yearsago,MissPatty41．thatmanystudentsthatrodeherbusneverhadhatsoncolddays.Beingacaringwoman,she42．todosomethingaboutit.PattyReitz,43．knowntostudentsasMissPatty,hasleftfriendshipandwarmthwiththestudentsofClarenceCentralSchoolDistrict.Overher44．,shehascrocheted(用钩针编织)a(an)45．7,083hatsforthestudentsandtheschool.Reitz's46．ofcrochetingbeganin2005whenshewascaringforhermotherinthehospitalandneededsomethingtokeepherself47．."Ineededsomethingtodo."she48．.Later,shetookupthecraftonherbuswhilewaitingforthestudentsto49．."She50．herstudents.AnystudentthathasbeenonMissPatty'sbusgetsahat,andtheyalso51．afriend.MissPattyisoneoftheir52．."saidthird-gradeteacher,DeborahBosworth."I'mgoingtokeepdoingituntilIcan'tdoitanymore."shesaid.MissPatty'sactofkindnessand53．isinspiring.Sheisagreatexampletoallofusthatwecan54．adifferenceinthelivesofothers,evenifit'ssomethingas55．asmakinghats.41．A．judged B．noticed C．doubted D．believed42．A．decided B．refused C．happened D．promised43．A．naturally B．kindly C．strangely D．secretly44．A．story B．experience C．aim D．career45．A．amazing B．exciting C．frightening D．puzzling46．A．direction B．trouble C．dream D．journey47．A．prepared B．delighted C．occupied D．confused48．A．ordered B．explained C．showed D．expected49．A．return B．escape C．board D．continue50．A．caresabout B．looksforC．givesup D．turnsto51．A．win B．attract C．meet D．admire52．A．roles B．favorites C．choices D．joys53．A．humor B．wisdom C．generosity D．courage54．A．put B．leave C．give D．make55．A．useful B．meaningful C．funny D．easy五、第三部分，语言运用，第二节，语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildan56．(entire)softrobot—the"Octobot".57．(describe)insciencejournalNature,the"Octobot"couldpavethewayfor58．(intelligent)robotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch,rescueandexplorationthanthetraditionalones."TheOctobotisaminimalsystemwhichmayserve59．afoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots,"thestudy'sauthorswrote.Researchers60．(work)onbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'vetaken61．(inspire)fromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.However,creatingacompletelysoftrobot62．(remain)achallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,63．isstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower."64．softroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsagreatpromiseforseveralapplications,suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexplorations,"BarbaraMazzolaiofTechnology,CenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wroteinacomment."Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachesto65．(improve)wellnessandqualityoflife."六、第四部分，完成句子，根据各句括号内的中文提示，用恰当的短语或结构的正确形式完成句子，每空限填一个词。（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）66．Theoldhouse(属于)myuncledatesbacktothe1980s.(根据汉语提示完成句子)67．Iwasorganizingmywordsinmyheadwhenthegirlnexttome（<用肘>轻推了我一下）.(根据汉语提示完成句子)68．AllarewelcometojointheYogaClub(不论，不管)ageorsex.(根据汉语提示完成句子)69．Football(打破，砸破)wallsandbringspeopletogetheronandoffthefield.(根据汉语提示完成句子)70．Expertshavepredictedthatmorethanhalfoftheworld's6,000languagesmay(灭绝)inthenextcentury.(根据汉语提示完成句子)71．LaterIdecidedtomypreviousexperiencelearninghowtoreadandwrite.(把……应用于……)(根据汉语提示完成句子)72．Whenhereturnedtohishometownafterthewar,hefoundithadchanged(认不出，难以认出).(根据汉语提示完成句子)73．Researchhasshownthathavinga(偏爱，喜爱<prefer的适当形式>)junkfoodcanresultinobesity.(根据汉语提示完成句子)74．(如果……怎么办？)Ican'tunderstandthelocalpeoplewhenIgettoAmerica?(根据汉语提示完成句子)75．Ihopemyadvicewillbe(对……有益)youinyourEnglishstudy.(根据汉语提示完成句子)七、第五部分，应用文写作（满分20分）76．假定你是校英语报记者李华。你校于12月21日举办了以"保护生态环境，建设绿色家园"为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你就此事写一篇报道。内容包括：1.比赛目的；2.比赛过程；3.比赛反响。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.提示词：保护生态环境，建设绿色家园ProtectingtheEco-environment；BuildingaGreenHomelandAnEnglishSpeechContest

答案解析部分1．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：她意志坚强，随时准备迎接挑战。A.represent"代表"；B.assure"使确信"；C.indicate"表明"；D.embrace"欣然接受"。根据"hasastrongmind"可推知，她意志坚强，所以不惧挑战，能欣然接受或迎接挑战。故选D。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分represent；assure；indicate和embrace的含义。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。——好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity"机会"；B.struggle"斗争"；C.behavior"行为，举止"；D.purpose"目的"。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告诫，要求他们注意行为举止。故选C。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分opportunity；struggle；behavior和purpose的含义。3．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我们班上的每个人都在努力学习，尽我们所能考上一所重点大学。A.beattendedto"被照料"；B.beadmittedto"被……录取"；C.beaddressedto"被寄给"；D.bealertto"警惕……"。根据空后的akeyuniversity可知，这里表示被一所重点大学录取，应用beadmittedto。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分beattendedto；beadmittedto；beaddressedto和bealertto的含义。4．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：尽管失望，她还是振作起来，露出灿烂的笑容。though/as"尽管"，应当让步性状语从句，后接句子；despite/inspiteof"尽管"，后接名词或动名词作宾语；movedon"继续"；tookoff"起飞"；settleddown"定居"；cheeredup"振作起来"。结合结构和句意，herdisappointment为名词，第一空格用despite/inspiteof；空格二为"振作起来"，用动词短语cheeredup。故选D。

【点评】考查介词/连词和动词短语词义辨析，区分though；inspiteof；as和despite的词性和应用以及moveon；;takeoff；settledown和cheerup的含义。5．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：迟到是他的特点，这使我们很生气。A.thoughtful"考虑周全的"；B.average"平均的"；C.common"普通的"；D.typical"典型的"。根据语意可知，这让我们很生气，可见是经常迟到。故选D。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分thoughtful；average；common；typical的含义。6．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须采取措施防止工厂排放有毒气体，以防止城市被污染。固定短语prevent...from..."阻止，制止"，根据"mustdosomethingto"可知，此处要用动词原形prevent；固定短语keep...from..."防止，阻止"，from后接动名词作宾语，且由thecity与pollute之间是被动关系，要用beingdone形式。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语和非谓语动词，掌握固定短语prevent/keep...from...以及动名词的被动式。7．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：别着急，我的孩子。你不能指望在这么短的时间内完成所有的工作。A.Killtwobirdswithonestone"一石二鸟，一举两得"；B.Raincatsanddogs"倾盆大雨"；C.Holdyourhorses"慢慢来，别着急"；D.Bravetheelements"冒着风雨"。根据"Youcan'texpecttofinishalltheworkinsuchashorttime."可知，此处指"慢慢来，别着急"，故选C。

【点评】考查习语辨析，区分Killtwobirdswithonestone；Raincatsanddogs；Holdyourhorses和Bravetheelements的含义。8．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：女士们花了一些时间互相了解对方的健康和家庭状况。A.sufferingfrom"遭受"；B.comingacross"偶遇"；C.bringingup"提出"；D.catchup"了解"。根据"eachother'shealthandfamilies"可知，她们应该是在相互了解。故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分sufferfrom；comeacross；bringup和catchup的含义。9．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：正是在我遇到这些受人尊敬的老师的高中，我在很多方面都取得了很大的进步。分析句子结构，第一个空引导定语从句，修饰先行词myseniorhighschool，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where引导。去掉Itwas和第二个空，句子的结构和意思均完整，所以本句是一个itis/was...that/who...强调句型，被强调部分是地点状语inmyseniorhighschool，所以应用that连接。故选D。

【点评】考查定语从句和强调句，本题涉及where限制性定语从句和强调句的基本结构"itis/was...that/who..."。10．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：自从"元宇宙"的概念成为新的焦点以来，马克·扎克伯格一直在考虑更改他的公司Facebook的名称。根据时间状语从句Eversincetheconceptof"themetaverse(元宇宙)"becameanewfocus可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。considerdoingsth.固定短语，"考虑做某事"，动名词作宾语。故选A。

【点评】考查时态和非谓语动词，本题涉及现在完成时和动名词作宾语，以及固定短语considerdoingsth.。11．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：上大学的时候，我能说三门外语，但现在除了每门语言的几个单词外，我都忘记了。根据时间状语“WhenIwasatcollege”可知，“能说三门外语”是读大学的时候的事情，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，第一空处用过去式spoke；结合句意可知，“除了每门语言的几个单词外，我都忘记了”强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态haveforgotten。故选B。

【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时，现在完成时。12．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：发现自己的车被偷后，她急忙向警察求助。Findinghercarstolen为现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语和句子主语应当保持一致。根据句中的her可知，句子的逻辑主语应用she。"她急忙向警察求助"符合句意。故选B。

【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。13．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：四十年后的今天，怀亚特夫人仍然记得她和丈夫在那所自己建造的小而朴素的房子里度过的黄金时光。sheandherhusbandspentinthatsmallandplainhousebuiltbythemselves是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thegoldentimes，指物，且关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，应用that/which引导定语从句，故选D。

【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that/which引导的限制性定语从句。14．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：——你今天上午的计划是什么？——说实话，我哪儿也去不了，因为我要等一位外地来的重要客人。A：haveexpected现在完成时；B：willhaveexpected将来完成时；C：expected一般过去时；D：amexpecting现在进行时。此处表示计划好或准备要做的事，用现在进行时表将来，故选D。

【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时。15．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：这次活动不仅锻炼了我的沟通技巧，还让我更多地了解了我们的传统文化。notonly...butalso...为固定结构，意为"不仅……而且……"，可以连接并列句，且notonly位于句首时，前面分句应用部分倒装，即将情态动词、助动词或be动词提到主语之前，后面分句仍用陈述句语序。结合选项可知，第一空应用didtheactivitytrain，使用了倒装结构，助动词did提前；第二空应用itallowed，使用了陈述语序。故选C。

【点评】考查倒装句，本题涉及notonly位于句首的部分倒装。16．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，你周末过得怎么样？——太好了。我喜欢周末，因为我不必起得那么早。A.can't"不能；不可能"；B.shouldn't"不应该"；C.needn't"不必要"；D.mustn't"禁止，不准"。根据句意可知，此处指"不必起得那么早"，故用needn't。故选C。

【点评】考查情态动词辨析，区分can't；shouldn't；needn't和mustn't的含义和应用。17．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：高速列车很少因天气状况而延误或取消。因此，它们已成为许多乘客的首选。A.Besides"此外"；B.However"然而"；C.Therefore"因此"；D.Otherwise"否则"。根据句意可知，此处为副词Therefore"因此"作状语，满足句意要求。故选C。

【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分besides；however；therefore和otherwise的含义和使用环境。18．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：美国有50多个州，其中的肯塔基州是亚伯拉罕·林肯出生的地方。第一空涉及"介词+关系代词"引导的一个非限制性定语从句，其中which代替先行词state，指物，并在从句中作of的宾语，而第二空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词place，指物，并在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故选D。

【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句。19．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力与销售技能同等重要的职位。____communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词aposition，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。

【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。20．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：要吃小龙包，你必须决定是先咬一个小孔，冒着流出来的风险，还是把整个饺子放进嘴里，让热汤在你的舌头上爆炸。分析句子结构，这里是"whether+不定式"结构作decide的宾语，whether...or...意为"是……还是……"，连接并列的结构，所以or后面也应用不定式。故选D。

【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及"疑问词+不定式"作宾语以及固定短语whether...or...。【答案】21．A22．B23．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作者最喜欢的4个联合国教科文组织世界遗产。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。21．考查细节理解。根据CinqueTerre,Italy部分中的"Thebreathtakingviewsofharborsfarbelowthewildcoastlinealongwiththerichcolorswilldefinitelymakeitamemorableholiday."在狂野的海岸线下，港口的壮丽景色以及丰富的色彩必将使它成为一个难忘的假期。可知,游客在意大利的Cinq