专题03 阅读理解10道

专题03阅读理解10道Manypeoplesaythattheyareworkingtoomanyhours.Theydon'thaveenoughtimetorelaxortostaywiththeirfamily.Workhoursaredifferentfromonecountrytoanother.InFrance,peoplespendabout1,646hoursayearatwork.InJapan,however,peopleworkabout2,159hoursayear.ThatmeansaJapaneseworkerworks513morehoursayearthanaFrenchworker.Whydopeopleworksomanyhours?Somepeopleworkextrahoursbecausetheywanttomakemoremoney.However,manycompaniesdon'tpayovertime.Theirworkersdon'tgetmorepayformorework.Somepeoplethinkit'stheirdutytoworkmorehours.Someareafraidoflosingtheirjobsiftheydon'tworkmorehours.Manypeoplesaythattheirvacationsaretooshort.InFrance,peoplegetfiveweeksofpaidvacationayear.InGermany,theygetfourtosixweeks,andintheUnitedStates,twoweeks.Onestudyshowsfewerthanhalfofworkersusedalltheirvacationdays.InGreatBritain,thereisasaying,"AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadull(迟钝的)boy."Ifthatistrue,theremustbealotofdullpeopleintheworld.1．AJapaneseworkerworks__________morehoursayearthanaFrenchone.A．513 B．1,646 C．2,159 D．3,8052．Theword"extra"inParagraph3means___________.A．正常的 B．额外的 C．有用的 D．少量的3．Peoplein________getonlytwoweeksofpaidvacationayear.A．France B．Germany C．theUnitedStates D．GreatBritain4．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Nocompaniesoffervacationstotheirworkers.B．Manypeoplesaytheyhaveenoughtimetorelax.C．Notallcompaniespaytheirworkersformorework.D．Morethanhalfofworkersusealltheirvacationdays.5．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Manyworkershavetoworklonghours.B．Manypeoplehavevacationslongenough.C．Workhoursarethesamearoundtheworld.D．Therearealotofdullpeopleintheworld.Youmightnotthinkmuchaboutwhereyourgarbagegoes.Butnowyoumightwanttoknow.OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy(垃圾分类政策).Peoplethereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldothesamesoon.Garbagesortingisabigproblembecausethereistoomuchgarbagethesedays.Itisbadforourenvironment.Infact,wecanmakeuseofsomegarbageagain.Butfirst,weneedtosortit.Forexample,ifyouputanoldbattery(电池)intothe"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebatterywillendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.GarbagesortingandrecyclingaroundtheworldGermany:Therearebigmachinesinsupermarkets.Youcanputbottlesinthemachinesandgetmoneyback.Japan:Atruckplayingmusiccomestopeople'sdoorstopickuptheirgarbage.Thereareeightormorekindsofgarbage.Ifyousortanyofthemwrong,youwillgetanoticeonyourdoor.Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobus-stations.Anhour-longbusridecoststhreelargebottles.FourkindsofgarbageinShanghaiRecyclablegarbageincludespaper,books,plasticitems,andglassbottles.Harmfulgarbageincludeslamps,batteries,andotherthingswithharmfulchemicals(化学品).Wetgarbageusuallycomesfromthekitchen,suchasfoodandvegetables.Drygarbageisanythingyoucannotputintotheotherthreebins,pensandtowels,forexample.6．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．ManycountriestakeShanghai'sgarbage-sortingpolicy.B．ManyothercitiesinChinahavegarbage-sortingpolicies.C．ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChinatomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.D．Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.7．Thewritergivesthe"battery"exampletotellus________.A．howtosortourgarbage B．howimportantsortingisC．whatharmfulwasteis D．howdifficultsortingis8．Ifyou________,youcantakeafreebusrideinIndonesia.A．putbottlesinamachine B．takeplasticbottlestothestationC．getanoticeon,thedoor D．putgarbageintodifferentbins9．Whichbinshould"newspapers"goto?A． B． C． D．10．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SortGarbage,SaveEarth B．LessGarbage,CleanerEnvironmentC．CleanShanghai,BeautifulChina D．DifferentCountries,DifferentPoliciesTherearequiteafewadvantagesofwearingschooluniforms(校服).Theideamayseemdisagreeableatfirst,butthinkingallthegoodresultsofwearinguniforms,youwouldbemorelikelytoenjoythem.Teachersloveschooluniformsbecausetheyprovideagoodlearningenvironmentforstudents.Andtheycanpaytheirattentiontostudyratherthanstyle.Buyingschooluniformsiseasyandneedslessthought.Nomatterwhattheschoolrulesare,thereareonlybasicpiecestotheclothesthatarenecessary,andschooluniformscanlastalongtime,soit_won’t_break_the_bank.Parentscouldalsoenjoyaneasymorning,asitwilltakelesstimetochooseasetofclothesfortheschoolday.Studentswearinguniformswillfeeleasieraboutchoosingwhattowear.Somestudentsmaynotlikethelackofindividuality(个性)withuniforms,butsomeschooldressrulesmayofferthemthechancetoshowtheirunique(独特的)styles.Anduniformstodayarealsobecomingmorefashionableandcanbefoundinmanyareasofpopculture.Superstarsandfashiondesigners(设计师)areusinguniformsasencouragementfornewlookswhichalsointereststudents.11．Teachersthinkthatwearingschooluniforms________.A．isjustatraditionB．makesstudentsfeeluncomfortableC．helpsstudentspayattentiontotheirstudyD．makesstudentsloseuniquestyles12．Theunderlinedpart“itwon’tbreakthebank”inthethirdparagraphmeans“________”.A．aschooluniformdoesn’tcostalotofmoney B．studentsshouldwearuniformseverydayC．parentshavetogotothebankmanytimes D．parentsworkinginabankcanaffordtheuniform13．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatschooluniforms________.A．willbedesignedbystudents B．arenotpopularwithsuperstarsC．arenotacceptedbyparents D．willbemorefashionableinthefuture14．Accordingtotheauthor(作者),wearingschooluniformsis________.A．bad B．good C．tiring D．awful15．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtodealwithstudyinschool. B．Howtodress.C．Thehistoryofwearingschooluniforms. D．Theadvantagesofwearingschooluniforms.AlmosteveryChinesepersoncanrecitethetwolinesofthefamouspoem:"Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)."Butsadly,manyofusdon'tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don'twastefood.ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatfoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?No,accordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere925millionhungrypeoplearoundtheworldin2010,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Sixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Chinesepeoplearewellknownforbeinggenerous(慷慨的).Manyevenfeelthattheylosefaceiftheirguestshaveeatenallthefoodonthetable.Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LastNovember,LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinNanjing,gotfired(开除)becauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.Manypeoplestoodbyhersideandagreedthatitwasnotrighttowastefood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetowastelessfood?Herearesometips:◆Donotordertoomuchinarestaurant.Onlyorderwhatyouwanttoeat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefoodyouordered,taketherestofithome.◆Don'tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.Somefoodmaynottastegreat.Butyourbodyneedsit.◆Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don'tbuytoomuch,especiallyforvegetablesandfruit.16．AccordingtoNewsOnePlusOne,Chinesepeople___________.A．saveenoughfoodtofeed200millionpeopleforayearB．throwawaylotsoffoodeveryyearC．getenoughfoodtofeedmillionsofpeopleeveryyearD．havetofeed200millionhungrypeopleeveryyear17．Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthat___________.A．wehavetoomuchfoodtofeedpeopleintheworldB．therewere925millionpeopleindevelopingcountriesC．becauseofhunger,sixmillionchildrendieeveryyearD．thereareonlyafewpeoplegettinghungryeveryyear18．Fromthefourthandfifthparagraphs,wecanconclude(得出结论)that___________.A．allChinesepeoplearegenerousB．ChinesepeoplealwayswastefoodC．LiHonggotfiredbecauseshewastedfoodD．everyoneshouldgetintothehabitofsavingfood19．Whatshouldwedotosavefoodinourdailylife?A．Whenweordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant,justtaketheleftoverfoodhome.B．Eatmorefoodthatdoesn'ttastegreat.C．Weshouldnotbuyvegetablesandfruit.D．Weshouldkeepaneyeonthefoodwelike.20．What'sthemaintopicofthepassage?A．Don'twastefood. B．Manypeopledieofhunger.C．Don'tbepickyaboutfood. D．Eatallthefoodyouorder.Thesedays,teenagersareheavilyinfluencedbythemedia.ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool.Andwehaven'tyetconsideredthehourstheyspendusingtheInternetandreadingnewspapers.However,severalstudieshaveshownaseriousproblem:today'steenagerslackmedialiteracy(媒体素养).Inotherwords,theyhavedifficultlycriticallythinkingabouttheinformationtheysee.Onestudythatwasdoneonmiddleschoolstudentsshowedthatmorethan80percentofthemcouldn'ttellthedifferencebetweenrealstoriesandadsthatlookedlikenews.StandfordprofessorKevinJohnteachesaclasscalledMediaEffects.Hetriestohelphisstudentslearnmedialiteracy.Theprofessorgaveanexamplethatshowswhymedialiteracyisimportant.Intheexample,twonewsstationsreportasnowstorm.Onefocuseson(关注)theterribleroadconditions.Theotherfocusesonkidsplayinginthesnow."Withanewsstory.newsstationstellyouwhattheyfeelaretheimportantdetails(细节).Thesedetailsmostlydependontheopinionsofthenewsdirector."saidJohn."Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon."Someexpertsthinkshoeisthebestplacetoteachmedialiteracy.Otherbelieveeveryone—formparentstoreporters—shouldhelpteenagerslearntheskills.Asforthebesttimetostartlearningmedialiteracy,manyexpertssuggesttheageof12.Butsomebasicideascanbetaughtevenearlier."It'snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy,"Johnsaid.21．Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanlearnthatteenagerstodayspendmoretime______.A．usingtheInternetthanwatchingTVB．watchingTVthanstudyingatschoolC．studyingatschoolthanreadingnewspapers22．Theunderlinedword"lack"inParagraph2probablymeans________.A．缺乏 B．质疑 C．误解23．Theexampleshowsthatapersonwhohasmedialiteracy_______aboutanewsstory.A．shouldhavethesameopinionsasothersB．couldthinkaboutisgoodandbadsidesC．mustknowaboutalltheimportantdetails24．ProfessorKevinJohnwouldagreethat_______.A．everyoneissupposedtohelpchildrenlearndifferentskillsB．childrenshouldbetaughtmedialiteracyasearlyaspossibleC．newsdirectorsshouldreportthenewschildrenareinterestedin25．Themainideaofthepassageis_______.A．howtodevelopteenagers'medialiteracyB．whereteenagersshouldbetaughtmedialiteracyC．whyteenagersaresupposedtohavemedialiteracyRecentlychildrenhavebeentoldtobuytraditionalalarmclocksinsteadofmobilephonestowakethemupinthemorning.SchoolswilladvisepupilstoturnoffmobilephonesoriPadsintheeveningtohaveenoughsleep.Researchersfromacharitysaythatusinginternet-connecteddevices(装置)intheeveningcanpreventchildrengettingmorerest.Moreover,theysuggestthatschoolchildrenshouldinvest_inarealalarmclocktomakesurethattheygetagoodnight'ssleepandarriveatschoolontime.___①___.Theresultisthat40%pupilsinsecondaryschoolscannowhardlygetonwellwithoutthesedevices.Abouttwo-thirdsofpupilshaveahabitoftakingmobilephonestobedatnight.___②___.Thestudyalsoshowsthatgirlsaremorelikelytobeattractedbymobilephonesthanboys,andoftenusetheInternettotalktofriendsbysocialnetworkingwebsites,suchasFacebookandTwitter.Onegirlaged12said,"IhavebeentoldthatIamaddicted(上瘾的)totheInternet,andpreferbeingonlinetobeingwithotherpeople."___③___.Agirlof13toldresearchers,"Ican'timagineifsomeonetakesmyiPadaway.Iwalkaroundthehousewithiteventhoughits'notturnedon.Ijustlikebeingwithit."Anothergirladded,"SometimesIcan'tsleepwithoutusingthemobilephoneatnight."___④___.Thecharity,whichwassetuptopromote(推动)iPadsintheclassroom,hasnowgivenfivesuggestionstoprotectchildrenfrombeingaffectedbyelectronic(电子的)devices.26．Togetagoodnight'ssleep,schoolpupilsareaskedtobuy________.A．IPads B．alarmclocks C．mobilephones D．electronicdevices27．Theunderlinedwords"invest_in"inParagraph(段落)2mean________.A．handout B．handin C．spendtimeon D．spendmoneyon28．Itisbettertoput"Astudyofabout3000pupilsshowsthatalmosthalffeeltobecontrolledbyelectronicdevices"in________.A．① B．② C．③ D．④29．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．mostpupilsturnofftheirmobilephonesintheeveningB．usingmobilephonescanmakechildrengetmorerestC．one-thirdofpupilsgetusedtosleepingwithmobilephonesD．girlsaremoreinterestedinusingmobilephonesthanboys30．Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Examplesofboys. B．Moreinformationaboutthecharity.C．Thetipsgiventochildren. D．InstructionsaboutelectronicdevicesAnoldmanwalkedslowlyintoarestaurantwithhiscane(拐杖).Hisoldjacketandshoesmadehimunusualthatday.AyoungwaitressnamedMarywatchedhimmovetowardsatablebythewindow.Sheranovertohim,andsaidwithasmile,“Here,sir.Letmegiveyouahand.”Withoutsayingaword,hegaveherasmile.Shepulledthechairawayfromthetableandhelpedhimsitdown.Thensheputhiscaneagainstthetablesothathecouldreachit.Inasoft,clearvoice,hesaid,“Thankyou,miss.”“You'rewelcome,sir,”shereplied.“I’llbebackinamoment,andifyouneedanything,justwaveatme!”Afterhehadfinishedagoodmeal,Marybroughthimthechange.Shehandedhimhiscane,andwalkedwithhimtothefrontdoor.Holdingthedooropenforhim,shesaid,“Comebackandseeus,sir!”Theoldmanturnedaroundandsmiled.WhenMarywenttocleanhistable,shewasshocked.Undertheplate,shefoundabusinesscard,a100-dollarbillandanote.Thenotesaid,“DearMary,Irespect(尊敬)youverymuch,andyourespectyourselftoo.Itshowsthewayyoutreatothers.Youhavefoundthesecretofhappiness.”Infact,theoldmanwastheowneroftherestaurant.Thatwasthefirsttimethatshe,oranyofhisemployees,hadseenhim.31．Theoldmanlooked________.A．young B．handsome C．unusual D．common32．Assoonastheoldmanenteredtherestaurant,Marygreetedhim________.A．politely B．slowly C．sadly D．angrily33．Marytoldtheoldmanto______whenheneededsomething.A．ringthebell B．waveatherC．shoutather D．phoneher34．Marywasshockedwhenshefoundabusinesscard,a100-dollarbillandanote______.A．onthechair B．onthegroundC．underthebowl D．undertheplate35．Theoldmanwas_______.A．Mary’sfather B．Mary’sneighbourC．thebossoftherestaurant D．awaiteroftherestaurantHaveyoueverhadlucid（清醒的）dreams?Recentstudiessuggestthatthenumberofpeoplehavingthemisontherise.Someonehavingaluciddreamrealizestheyaredreamingandmayfromthenon"direct"theaction.Ortheymaysimply"watch"thedreamunfold.Thesenseofawareness（知道）makesitdifferentfromadreamthatissimplyverylivelyandtruetolife.Andalthoughthedescriptionmayseemstrange,theprocessisfarfromalientomanyofus.StudiessuggestthatthenumberofpeopleintheWesternworldexperiencingluciddreams,whichhappenonceinawhile,hasrisenbybetween10and40percentsincethe1980s.Today,theyaresocommonthataboutoneineightofuswillhaveoneinourlives.Butstill,littleisknownaboutwhatcausesthemorwhatisbehindtherise.ResearchcarriedoutattherespectedHarvardUniversityintheUSshowsthatthebrainisworkinghardduringluciddreams.Infact，thelevelofthemental（精神的）activityinsomepartsofthebrainissimilartothatofapersonwhoisawake.Luciddreamersseemtosharecertainpersonalcharacters.Forexample,ingeneraltheyarequitecreative.Theyarealsogoodatdiggingdeepintoproblemsandgoingoutoftheirwaytosolvethem.Furthermore,theyalwaysbelieveinpersonalresponsibilityratherthanlettingsocietycarrythecan.Ournightmares（噩梦）mayshowourwakingworries，withthefivemostcommonones——falling,beingrunafter,feelingdisabled,beinglateandthedeathofalovedone.Menaremorelikelytohavenightmaresaboutfightsorbeingfiredwhilehairandtoothlossappearmoreinwomen'snightmares---perhapsshowingworriesaboutlosingtheirlooks.Researchhasalsofoundthatwomenhavemorenightmaresthanmen.Theirdreamsarealsoscarierandmoreunforgettable.36．WhatdoweknowaboutluciddreamsaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Weknownothingabouttheirprocess.B．Fewerpeoplearehavingthemnow.C．Theyarejustcommonlivelydreams.D．Theymaybedirectedbythedreamers.37．WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraphs2and3?A．Thecauseofluciddreamsremainsamystery.B．Thebrainisinactiveduringluciddreams.C．Mostwesternpeoplehavehadluciddreams.D．Luciddreamershavenothingincommon.38．HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A．Bylistingnumbers. B．Bygivingreasons.C．Byprovidingexamples. D．Bymakingcomparisons39．Comparedwithmen,whichofthefollowingdreamsdowomenoftenhave?A．Fights. B．Beingfired. C．Feelingdisabled. D．Hairloss40．Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Asciencemagazine. C．Astorybook. D．Asportsposter.October16isWorldFoodDay.TheUNstartedthedayin1979.Itisusedtoremindpeoplenottowastefoodandtoaskpeopletofighthunger（饥饿）.Abigmemberofpeopleintheworldstilldon'thaveenoughtoeat.Foodshortage（匮乏）isabigproblemintheworld.Rightnow,therearemorethan1000millionhungrypeopleintheworldaccordingtotheUN,Manychildrengotosleep,hungryand15millionofthemdieofhungereachyear.Thereareseveralreasonswhytherearefoodshortages.First,therehavebeenmoredroughts（干旱）andfloodsrecently.Also,agrowingpopulationmakesfeedingeveryonemoredifficult.Anotherseveralreasonsisfoodwaste.Mostpeopledon'trealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Onavenge（平均）,personthrowsaway50kilosoffoodeveryyear.AccordingtotheUN,morethan1/3ofallfoodproducedinthewordgoestowasteeachyear.Theamount（数量）offoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200millionpeopleandthefoodwastedinLainAmericacanfeed300millionayear.Sothinktwicenexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood.Ifyoutrytoavoidwastingfood,youcouldsavesomefoodandhelphungrychildren.Onlyorderasmuchfoodasyoucaneatatarestaurant.Ifyoucan'teatallyouorder,taketheresthome.Don'tbetoopickyaboutfoodsothatyoudon'tleaveanyonyourplate.Keepeyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don'tbuyorcooktoomuch.41．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph1referto（指代）?A．Foodshortage. B．TheUN.C．Theyear1979. D．WorldFoodDay.42．Howmanychildrendieofhungereachyear?A．10million. B．15million. C．20million. D．30million.43．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A．Foodwasteisseriousintheworld.B．Thepopulationisgrowingfastintheworld.C．TherearemorehungrypeopleinLainAmerica.D．Halfofallfoodproducedintheworldiswasted.44．Whatshouldyoudotoavoidwastingfood?A．Buytoomuchfoodatatime. B．Orderalotoffoodattherestaurant.C．Throwawaythefoodyoudon'tlike. D．Cookproperamountoffoodforeachmeal.45．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Let'ssavefoodtofighthunger B．GiveoutfoodtohungrypeopleC．Fightagainstdroughtsandfoods. D．PreventchildrenfromgettinghungryParentsalwayswantthebestfortheirkids.Buteveryonehastheirownwayofparenting(养育).Herearesomepopularparentingstyles.Whichonedoyoulikebest?Tigerparents（虎爸虎妈）Theyarestrictwiththeirchildren.Theywantthemtogetthebestgradesintheirclass.Theylovetheirkidsintheirhearts.Dolphinparents（海豚式父母）Theyjustwanttheirkidstobehappyandhealthy.Theymakesuretheirkidsgetenoughsleepandexercise.Helicopterparents（直升机式父母）Theyworrytoomuchabouttheirchildrenand"fly"overthemlikehelicopters.Manypeoplethinktheseparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenmorefreedom(自由).Lawnmowerparents（割草机式父母）Likealawnmowerthatcutsgrass,theygetridof(去除)alldifficultiesfortheirchildren.Theirkidsneverlearntoworkoutproblemsontheirown.Tigerparentstreattheirkidsina________way.A．good B．kind C．strict D．right47．Dolphinparentsusuallywanttheirchildrentoget________.A．bestgrades B．littlesleep C．enoughlove D．enoughexercise48．Ifyouhavehelicopterparents,youmay________.A．getlessfreedom B．facemoredifficultiesC．worryaboutyourparents D．"fly"overyourparentslikehelicopters49．Aslawnmowerparents,theywill________.A．cutgrassbeforetheirkidsB．getridofalldifficultiesfortheirkidsC．makesuretheirkidsarehappyandhealthyD．asktheirkidstoworkoutproblemsontheirown50．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Kidsandparents B．HowparentsgetonwithkidsC．Everyonehastheirownparents D．Differentwaysofparenting

专题03阅读理解10道参考答案1．A2．B3．C4．C5．A【分析】试题分析：短文大意：很多工人不得不加班。不同的国家给工人的待遇也不同。日本工人工作的时间就比法国工人工作的时间长。有些地方还不给加班费。在不同的国家工人休假的长短也不一样。工人们期待更长的假期。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中InFrance,peoplespendabout1,646hoursayearatwork.InJapan,however,peopleworkabout2,159hoursayear.可知在法国人们每年工作大约1646个小时，而在日本人们一年约工作2159小时。所以日本人要比法国人一年多工作513小时，所以该选A。2．词义推测题。根据后面的句子becausetheywanttomakemoremoney.However,manycompaniesdon’tpayovertime.可推知“extra”得意思是额外的，所以该选B。3．细节理解题。根据文中andintheUnitedStates,twoweeks可知美国休假为两周。所以该选C。4．细节理解题。根据文中However,manycompaniesdon’tpayovertime.Theirworkersdon’tgetmorepayformorework可知很多工人没有得到更多的钱。并不是所有的公司都给加班费。所以该选C。5．推理判断题。根据文中Someareafraidoflosingtheirjobsiftheydon’tworkmorehours.可知很多人害怕如果他们不工作很长时间会失去工作，所以该选A。考点：社会现象类阅读。6．C7．B8．B9．B10．A【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。通过垃圾分类，拯救我们的地球。6．推理判断题。根据OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy.Peoplethereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldothesamesoon.7月1日，上海出台了一项新的垃圾分类政策。那里的人们需要把不同种类的垃圾放进不同的垃圾箱。中国的其他城市很快也会这么做。由此可以推断，上海是中国第一个制定垃圾分类政策的城市，故选C。7．推理判断题。根据Forexample,ifyouputanoldbatteryintothe"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebatterywillendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.例如，如果你把一个旧电池放入“有害废物”箱，人们可以用它来制造新电池。但如果你不这样做，电池就会被扔到别的地方。然后，它会污染环境。由此可知，作者举电池的例子，是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性，故选B。8．细节理解题。根据Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobus-stations，可知，在印度尼西亚，如果给公交车站送塑料瓶，人们可以免费乘坐公共汽车，故选B。9．理解判断题。根据Recyclablegarbageincludespaper,books,plasticitems,andglassbottles.可回收垃圾包括纸张、书籍、塑料和玻璃瓶。“newspapers报纸”属于纸张，应该放在可回收利用的垃圾箱，结合选项，可知B选项是可回收利用的垃圾箱，故选B。10．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了垃圾分类的原因，并介绍了世界部分国家和地区的垃圾分类和回收。告诉人们通过垃圾分类，来拯救我们的地球。结合选项，可知A选项SortGarbage,SaveEarth“垃圾分类，拯救地球”符合题意，故选A。11．C12．A13．D14．B15．D【分析】本文从老师，家长和学生角度介绍了校服的好处。11．细节理解题。根据“Andtheycanpaytheirattentiontostudyratherthanstyle”，可知，老师认为穿校服能让学生关注学习，故选C。12．词句猜测题。根据“Nomatterwhattheschoolrulesare,thereareonlybasicpiecestotheclothesthatarenecessary,andschooluniformscanlastalongtime,soitwon’tbreakthebank”，可知，无论学校的政策是什么，校服只是一些特定的必需品，并且会持续很长时间，所以校服并不会花很多钱，故“itwon’tbreakthebank”表示“校服不会花费许多钱”，故选A。13．推理判断题。根据“Anduniformstodayarealsobecomingmorefashionableandcanbefoundinmanyareasofpopculture”，可知，未来校服会变得更加时尚，故选D。14．观点态度题。根据“Theideamayseemdisagreeableatfirst,butthinkingallthegoodresultsofwearinguniforms,youwouldbemorelikelytoenjoythem”，可知，考虑到穿校服的所有好处，你可能会更喜欢它们，所以作者是认为穿校服是好的，故选B。15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从老师，家长和学生角度介绍了校服的好处，故选D。16．B17．C18．D19．A20．A【分析】这篇文章通过一些数据告诉我们不要浪费食物，要养成节约粮食的好习惯。16．细节理解题。根据文章ACCTVprogram,NewsOnePlusOne,reportedthatthefoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearisenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.可知，中国人每年都要浪费的粮食足够喂养2亿的人口吃一年。故选B。17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，在2010年，全世界有9亿2千5百万饥饿人口，尤其在发展中国家，每年都有6百万的儿童死于饥饿。故选C。18．推理判断题。根据文章第四，第五段可知，人人都应该养成节约粮食的习惯。故选D。19．细节理解题。根据文章可知，在日常生活中，如果我们点了太多的饭菜吃不完，应该把剩余的打包回去。故选A。20．主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要内容就是要我们每个人都养成节约粮食的好习惯。故选A。【点睛】文章短小精练，对于此类文章必须对每句话的内容进行仔细的理解，对于初三的阅读可以发现一个很明显的特点就是单词不难，细节题居多，重在考查对句意的理解和细节的把握，所以学生需要结合题目中的关键字迅速定位来找到正确的答案。21．B22．A23．B24．B25．C【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述学生对于看到的信息缺乏批判性的思考，有必要让学生有媒体修养；有媒体修养的人对于新闻故事会思考好的和不好的一面；越早教孩子们媒体修养越好。21．细节理解题。根据第一段“ManyofthemhavewatchedthousandsofhoursofTV.That'smoretimethantheyspendwithteachersatschool”可知和在学校的时间相比，现在的青少年花更多的时间看电视。故选B。22．词义猜测题。根据“Inotherwords,theyhavedifficultlycriticallythinkingabouttheinformationtheysee”他们对于他们看到的信息缺乏批判性的思考，此处lack意思是“缺乏”。故选A。23．推理判断题。根据第三段“Apersonwhohasmedialiteracywouldrealizethateachstoryisaboutonesideatthistime.Thereismoregoingon”可知举例是为了显示有媒体修养的人对于新闻故事会思考好的和不好的一面。故选B。24．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It'snevertooearlytostartlearningmedialiteracy”可知KevinJohn教授认为越早教孩子们媒体修养越好，故选B。25．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是让学生有媒体修养的必要性。可概括为whyteenagersaresupposedtohavemedialiteracy。故选C。26．B27．D28．A29．D30．C【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述慈善机构的机构发现电子设备让孩子们睡眠更少，建议孩子们为了足够的睡觉关掉手机或平板，买传统的闹钟来代替手机在早上叫醒他们。26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Recentlychildrenhavebeentoldtobuytraditionalalarmclocksinsteadofmobilephonestowakethemupinthemorning”可知学校的学生被要求买传统的闹钟。故选B。27．词义猜测题。根据“buytraditionalalarmclocks”可知investin表示花钱，相当于spendmoneyon。故选D。28．推理判断题。“Astudyofabout3000pupilsshowsthatalmosthalffeeltobecontrolledbyelectronicdevices”大约3000的小学生的研究显示几乎一半感觉被电子设备控制。根据第三段“Theresultisthat40%pupilsinsecondaryschoolscannowhardlygetonwellwithoutthesedevices.Abouttwo-thirdsofpupilshaveahabitoftakingmobilephonestobedatnight”40%的小学生没有这些设备几乎不能友好相处，大约三分之二的小学生晚上有用手机的习惯。可知此段讲述研究显示出的小学生使用手机的问题。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据“girlsaremorelikelytobeattractedbymobilephonesthanboys”可知女孩比男孩更有可能被手机吸引，故选D。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“hasnowgivenfivesuggestionstoprotectchildrenfrombeingaffectedbyelectronicdevices”机构给了五条建议保护孩子们免受电子设备的影响。可推断下一段将讲述这些建议。故选C。31．C32．A33．B34．D35．C【分析】本文叙述了一位餐馆服务员尊重每一位顾客的故事。一天有一位穿着旧衣服，拄着