2023届河南省开封市高三二模英语试题（解析版）

开封市2023届高三年级第二次模拟考试

英语

本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答

题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交

回。

注意事项：

1.本考试设试题卷和答题卡两部分，所有答题必须用2B铅笔涂（选择题）或用黑色签字笔写

（非选择题）在答题卡上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答卷前，务必用黑色中性笔在答题卡正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。

3.考试时间120分钟。试卷满分150分。

第1卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题海小题L5分，满分7・5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whendoesthenoticesaythesportsmeetwillbegin?

A.OnApril12th.

B.OnApril20th.

C.OnApril22nd.

2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydobeforeeight?

A.Visitafriend.

B.Seeadoctor.

C.Gotoamovie.

3.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman?

A.Thankful.

B.Dissatisfied.

C.Proud.

4.Whydoesthewomanlooktroubled?

A.Becauseshehastoleaveherfriend.

B.Becauseshedoesn'tlikelivinginthedorm.

C.Becauseshecan'tmanagetomovehouseherself.

5.Wherearethespeakers?

AAtaclothingstore.

B.Atthedoctor's.

C.Athome.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。

6.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?

A.Todoataskforaprogram.

B.Tosellbooks.

C.Todoasurvey.

7.Whodoesthewomanadmiremost?

A.Anactress.

B.Awriter.

C.Adancer.

听第7段材料，回答第8至笫9题。

8.Howmuchwillthemanpayfor（heroompernight?

A.S50.

B.S62.

C.S75.

9.Whatdoesthemancareaboutmost?

A.Thetelephone.

B.Thctelevision.

C.TheInternet.

听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。

10.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Tellingthewomanaboutateacher.

B.Introducingacoursetothewoman.

C.Helpingthewomanwithherhomework.

11.WhatdoesthemanlikemostaboutDr.Miller?

C.TheInternet.

A.Hispatience.

B.Hisseriousness.

C.Hisunderstanding.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

A.ThewomanisgoingtotakeDr.Miller'sclass.

B.ThemanhadateacherlikeDrMillerbefore.

C.Dr.MillerhasbeenteachinginEnglandfor10years.

听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。

13.Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopaytojointheclub?

A.£1.50.

B.£2.

C.£5.

14.WhydoesVideoClubholdameeting?

A.Tosendoutalistoffilms.

B.Tointroducefilmsfromabroad.

C.Tocollectinformationonpopularfilms.

15.Whatfilmsaremostpeopleinterestedin?

A.Britishfilms.

B.Americanfilms.

C.Australianfilms.

16.Howwillthemangettheform?

AHeUlhaveitbypost.

B.He'llpickituphimself.

C.He'Hgetitfromtheclub'swebsite.

听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。

17.Whendoesthespeakerusuallygoto（hehealthclub?

A.Intheevening.

B.Atnoon.

C.Inthemorning.

18.Whatdoesthespeakerhaveinthemorning?

A.Asandwich.

B.Somecoffee.

C.Ahamburger.

19.Wheredoesthespeakerhaveherlunch?

A.Inheroffice.

B.Atherhome.

C.Inarestaurant.

20.Wha（doesthespeakerusuallydeonSundayevenings?

A.Playsoccer.

B.Playtennis.

C.Goswimming.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

A

Plannedtrackclosures

Wearealwaysworkingtoimproveourinfrastructure（基础设施）andtechnologytomakesureourcustomers

canenjoyasafe,reliableandcomfortableexperienceontrainsandatourstations.Sometimesweneedto

temporarilyclosetracksorstationstocompleteupgradesorworktoensureourtrainsrunsafelyandontime.

Additionally,sometrackclosureswillaffectCrossRiverRail,whichisQueensland'slargestrailinfrastructure

project.Mostworksarescheduledoutsideofpeaklimestominimisedisturbance.

HerearelinesaffectedinFebruary.

2to5RomaStreettoNorthgateandFernyGrove,Doomben,Airport,LindumandCoopersPlains

6to7RomaStreettoYeerongpilly

10to11BowenHillstoFernyGrove,RomaStreettoMoorookaandMurarrie

18RomaStreettoFernyGroveandNorthgate

19ParkRoadtoKuraby

20to22RomaStreettoCorinda

26to27BowenHillsandAlbiontoParkRoadandMilton

28RomaStreettoFemyGroveandNorthgate

Servicearrangement:

Buseswillreplacetrainsandoperateascloseaspossibletothetraintimetable.Duringcertainclosures,some

trainserviceswillbeoperatingtoanalteredtimetable.

Moreinformation:

•Ifyouaretravellingduringthistime,planyourjourneyat.au,call131230ordownloadtheMy

TransLinkapp.

•Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131630.

•Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,

pleasecall131617.

1.WhatcanwcsayaboutCrossRiverRail?

A.Itisclosedfrequently.

B.1(operatestoanalteredtimetable.

C.itismainlyusedtodelivergoods.

D.ItisimportanttoQueensland'stransport.

2.Whichlinewillcloseon21February?

A.ParkRoadtoKuraby.

B.RomaStreettoCorinda.

C.RomaStreettoYeerongpilly.

D.BowenHillstoFemyGrove.

3.Howcantravellerswithamobilityproblemgethelp?

A.Bycalling131617.

B.Byvisiting.au.

C.Byaskingatthelocalstation.

D.BycheckingtheMyTransLinkapp.

【答案】l.D2.B3.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为了确保乘客可以在火车上和车站享受安全、可靠和舒适的体

验，铁路公司计划关闭部分轨道以完成升级。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Additionally,some（rackclosureswillaffectCrossRiverRail,whichis

Queensland'slargestrailinfrastructureproject.（此外，•些轨道的关闭将影响到CrossRiverRail,这是昆士兰

州最大的铁路基础设施项目）”可知，CrossRiverRail是昆士兰州最大的铁路基础设施。由此推知，它对于

昆士兰州的交通运输很重要。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据表格中4<20to22RomaStreettoCorindaw可知，RomaStreettoCorinda在2月20号到22

号关闭，所以2月21号关闭的就是RomaStreettoCorinda。故近B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后•段'*Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothe

stationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecall131617.（许多车站设有从停车场或入「】到站台的轮椅通道。如需

帮助，请拨打131617）”可知，行动不便的旅客可以拨打131617求助。故选A。

B

RuralPatagoniaisfamousfbritswonderfulnature.AGooglesearchfor“bicycletourPatagonia“ledmy

friendRachelandmetotheCarreteraAustral:a770-milestretchofmostlyunpavedhighway.Wepackedour

bikesintohoxesandflewtoPuertoMontt,aportcitysome650milessouthofSantiago.Fromthere,wecontinued

southforseveraldaysandsetfootontheCarretera.

Ittookabouttwoweekstocycletheroutethroughwildforests,windsweptplains,andsnow-capped

mountains.OnourlastfulldayalongtheCarre（era-andthreedaysintoaconstantrainstorm-wefoundourselvesata

lossforwheretosleep.Wewerecoldandwet.

Wewerestill30milesfromVillaO'Higgins,whichmarkedtheendoftheCarreteraandthepromiseofahot

shower.Promthere,we'drideabout600milesfurtheralongsomewhatbetterroadstoUshuaia.

TherewasnowayweweregoingtomakeO'Higginsbynightfall.Wehadn'tpassedanicecampsiteinhours.

We'djuststoppedbesideasmallstreamwhenwespottedacowboy-lookingmanwalkingoutofthetrees.Andwe

sawthatthestreamledtoasmallhouse.Themancametotheroad."Doyouknowadryplacetocamp?”Rachel

asked.

Themaninvitedusintohishome.Wesharedhotchocolateandconversationinhiswarm,roughkitchen.He

broughtoutanoldcopyofPatagonJournal,andwewereamazedtoseeaphotoofourhost,ErasmoBetancourt,on

thecover.Itturnsoutthatournewfriendwasawell-knowncowboy-turned-activistwhohadbeenanoutspoken

opponentofthedamming（筑十贝）ofPatagonia'srivers.Inrecentdecades,localfarmers,fishermen,and

conservationistshavefiercelyresistedtheconstructionofhydroelectric（使用水力发电的）damsontheregion's

mightyrivers.Ouradventurewouldn'thavebeenpossibleifnotfbrtheirfierceloveofthisbeautifullandand

devotiontoitsprotection.

Thenextmorning,wethankedourhostandhittheroad.IsthereanywhereonEarthsoremotethatonecannot

encounterhumanity?

4.WhereweretheauthorandRachelheadedthenextday?

A.Ushuaia.B.Santiago.

C.PuertoMontt.D.VillaO'Higgins.

5.WhatwasthemajorproblemfacingtheauthorandRachelthatnight?

A.Wheretofindadrycampsite.

B.Howtosatisfytheirhunger.

C.Howtofindtheirwayintheforest.

D.Wheretogelsomedrinkingwater.

6.WhatwasBetancourt'sattitudetobuildinghydroelectricdamsonPatagonia'srivers?

A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.

C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Damsonmightyriversruinedouradventure.

B.AbicycletourofPatagoniarevealednaturetous.

C.Acowboy-tumed-activistsavedPatagoniansrivers.

D.WeencounteredkindnessinoneofthewildestplacesonEarth.

【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和朋友去CarretcraAustral的旅行的时得到了好心人的帮助。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"WepackedourbikesintohoxesandflewtoPuertoMontt,aportcitysome650miles

sou（hofSantiago."（我们把自行车打包装进了箱子里，飞往位于Sanliago南部约650英里的Puerto

Monilo）可知,作者和朋友第二天去往PuerloMonlt.。故选C。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“OnourlastfulldayalongtheCarretera-andthreedaysintoaconstantrainstorm-we

foundourselvesatalossforwheretosleep.Wewerecoldandwet."（在我们沿着theCarretera的最后一天，一：

天后到了一个多暴风雨的地方。在这里我们无处睡觉，我们乂冷乂湿）以及第四段"Doyouknowadry

placetocamp"（你知不知道我们可以在哪里找到露营的干燥的地方呢？）可知作者一行面临的主要问题是找

一个干燥的营地。故选Ao

【6题详解】

判断推理题。根据第五段“Itturnsoutthatournewfriendwasawell-knowncowboy-turned-activistwhohad

beenanoutspokenopponentofthedamming（筑坝）ofPatagonia'srivers."（结果,我们的新朋友是一个知名的

牛仔，他是一个反对在Patagonia'srivers筑坝的积极分子。）可知Betancourt反对在Patagonia'srivers筑

坝。故选B。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。整篇文章在讲作者和朋友在旅行期间得到了好心人的帮助。根据最后一段“Thenexl

morning,wethankedourhostandhittheroad.IsthereanywhereonEarthsoremotethatonecannotencounter

humanity?"（第二天早上，我们向主人表示感谢，然后上路了。地球上有没有地方如此遥远以至于人们无

法与人类相遇？）可知，短文的最佳标题为“我们在地球上最荒凉的地方之一遇到了善良”。故选D。

C

IsaacNewton'sbook,thePrincipia,transformedhumanunderstandingoftheforcesofnature,providinga

inathematicalbasisforthemovementofplanets,moons,andcomets［彗星）,aswellasobjectsonEarth.Recently,a

newsurveyhasmorethandoubledtheknownnumberoffirsteditionsofthebook,includingthefirstonesfoundin

Asia.Nearly2（X）firsteditionsofPrincipiawerenewlyidentifiedinthesurvey,bringingthetotalknownnumberto

386.Thevolumescover27countriesonfivecontinents,includingAfricaandAustralia.

Untilnow,thesizeofthePrincipia'sfirsteditionhadbeenthoughttobesmall—around250—basedona

1953surveythatpul（henumberofcopiesat189.Thatfigurepartlyreflectsalong-heldideathatthebook,

formallytitledthePhilosophiaeNaturalisPrincipiaMathematica,wasvirtuallyincomprehensibleoutsideofasmall

circleofexpertmathematicians.Butthenewsurveysuggeststhatthegreatvolume,at500pagesandwrittenin

Latin,mayhavebeenpopularinmanypartsoftheworld.

Behindthepagesof（hePrincipia,inwhichNewtonlaidouthisthreelawsofmotion,isaninterestinghistory

thatinvolvestheastronomerEdmondHalleyandothergreatfigures.Mostfamoustodayforthecometthatbears

hisname,HalleysoughtNewton'sinputontheshapeofplanetaryorbits,aquestionthatHalleyandhiscolleagues

hadbeenpuzzlingover.ExcitedbyNewton'sanswer—anellipse（椭圆），andevenmoresobyapaperhelater

senttoshowhiscalculations,HalleypushedNewtontowritethePrincipia,thenfundeditspublicationandwaskey

topromotingit.

Suchapreciousbookofknowledgecarriesenormousvalue."Inasense,thePrincipiacombinedallthework

thatwasdonefbrtheprevioushundredyears,“saysMordechaiFeingold,asciencehistorianattheCalifornia

InstituteofTechnology."IttookNewtontoputtogethertheideas,thatKepler,Galileo,Descartesandother

scientistshadpulforthinsofarasheavenlybodies（天体）areconcerned,torealizethatEarthisaplanetlikeany

otherplanetandthere'samutual（相互的）attractionbetweenallthoseheavenlybodies.^^

8.WhatdoesthenewsurveysayaboutfirsteditionsofthePrincipia?

A.Theywerewrittenindifferentlanguages.

B.TheyfailedtobeseeninAfrica.

C.Theyincluded586copiesaltogether.

D.Theyreachedawideaudience.

9.HowwasthePrincipiatraditionaryregarded?

A.Itwasnotveryeasytounderstand.

B.Thenumberofitspagestotaled600.

C.ItwasnotwrittenbyIsaacNewtcn.

D.Thetitleof（hebookwasinaccurate.

10.WhatinterestedHalleymostaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Threelawsofmotion.

B.Thecometnamedafterhim.

C.Newton'sanswertotheshapeofplanetaryorbits.

D.Newton'sintentiontowriteandpublishthePrincipia.

11.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNewton,sworkaccordingtoFeingold?

A.Arguable.B.Inclusive.

C.Meaningless.D.Independent.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于牛顿的著作《原理》的研究。

8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nearly200firsteditionsofPrincipiawerenewlyidentifiedinthesurvey,bringing

〔helolalknownnumberio386.（在这次调查中，新发现了近200本《原理》的初版，使已知的初版总数达到

386本）”和第二段中"ButIhenewsurveysuggeststhatthegreatvolume,at500pagesandwritteninLatin,may

havebeenpopularinmanypartsoftheworld.（但最新调查显示，这本500页、用拉丁语写成的巨著可能在世界

许多地方都很受欢迎）”可知，最新调查结果表明初版《原理》的读者远超过之前的人数，有广大的读者群

体。故选D项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中"Thatfigurepartlyreflectsalong-heldideathatthebook,formallytitledthe

PhilosophiaeNaturalisPrincipiaMathcniatica,wasvirtuallyincomprehensibleoutsideofasmallcircleofexpert

malhematicians.（这个数字在一定程度上反映了一种长期存在的观点，即这本正式名为《自然哲学的数学原理》

的耳，除了一小群专业数学家之外，实际上是无法理解的）”可知，传统上《原理》被认为很难理解，只有

一小群专业数学家能读懂。故选A项。

【1（）题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中°ExcitedbyNewton,sanswer—anellipse（椭圆），andevenmoresobyapaperhe

latersenttoshowhiscalculations,HalleypushedNewtontowritethePrincipia,thenfundeditspublicationandwas

keytopromotingit.（牛顿的答案——一个椭圆——让哈雷兴奋不已，他后来寄给他的一篇展示他的计算的论

文更是让他兴奋不已。哈雷推动牛顿写了《原理》，然后资助了该书的出版，并成为推广这本书的关键人物）”

可知，哈雷最感兴趣的是牛顿对行星轨道形状的回答。故选C项。

[11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“"nasense,thePrincipiacombinedalltheworkthatwasdonefortheprevious

hundredyears,'saysMordechaiFeingold,asciencehistorianattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.*IttookNewton

toputtogethertheideas,thatKepler,Galileo,Descartesandotherscientistshadputforthinsofarasheavenlybodies

（天体）areconcerned,torealizethatEarthisaplanetlikeanyotherplanetandthere'samutual（相互的）attraction

betweenallthoseheavenlybodies」（加州理工学院的科学历史学家莫迪凯•法因戈尔德说：“从某种意义上说，

《原理》结合了之前100年的所有成果。是牛顿把开普勒、伽利略、笛卡尔和其他科学家提出的关于天体的

观点整合在一起，认识到地球和其他行星一样，是一颗行星，所有这些天体之间都有相互吸引。“）”可知，

法因戈尔德认为牛顿的著作《原理》是很多关于天体的观点的整合。所以形容词inclusive”包容广阔的；范

围广泛的”能代表法因戈尔德对《原理》的看法。故选B项。

“Iftheselforpersonoftoday,andthatoftomorrow,arenotthesame,butonlylikepersons,thepersonof

todayisreallynomoreinterestedinwhatwillbefall（降临至I]头上）thepersonoftomorrow,thaninwhatwill

befallanyotherperson,44JosephButler,awell-knownphilosopherwrotein1736.

ThetheorycaughttheattentionofaresearchercalledHalHershfield.whosuspectedthatadisconnectionfrom

ourfutureselvesmightexplainmanyunreasonableelementsofhumanbehaviourincludingourunwillingnessto

exerciseoften.

Tofindout,Hershfieldfirsthadtofindawaytomeasuresomeone's''futureself-continuity,\Hesettledona

simplegraphicthatpresentedpairsofcirclesrepresentingthecurrentself,andafutureself（seebelow）.Thecircles

overlapped（重叠）tovaryingdegrees,andtheparticipantshadtoidentifywhichpairbestdescribedhowsimilar

andhowconnectedtheyfelttoafutureself10yearsfromnow.

Hethencomparedtheseresponsestohisparticipants'real-lifehehavior.Hershfieldfirstlookeda:his

panicipants,reai-lifesavingsandhefoundthatthemoretheparticipantfeltconnectedtotheirfutureself,themore

moneytheyhadalreadysauirrelledaway.What'smore,peoplewhoscorehighlyontheliitureself-continuity

measurehavehighermoralstandardsthanthepeoplewhostruggletoidentifywiththeirfutureselves.

Hershfieldconfirmedthatsomeone's（in）abilitytoidentifywiththeirfutureselfcanhavelong-term

consequencesfortheiroverallwellbeingandthatoursenseofconnectiontoourfutureselvescanbestrengthened.

Youmightconsiderasimpleimaginativeexerciseinwhichyouwritealettertoyourself20yearsfromnow,

describingwhatismostimportantforyounowandyourplansforthecoiningdecades.

Itmightseemstrangetostarta^conversation44withanimaginedpersonbutonceyourfutureselfbecomes

aliveinyourmind,youmayfinditmucheasiertomakethesmallpersonalsacrifices（牺牲）thatareessentialto

preserveyourwellbeing.

12.WhatdowelearnabouttheassumedpersondescribedbyJosephButler?

A.Heisaself-centeredperson.

B.Heiscuriousabouthisfuturelife.

C.Heisboredwiththesameoldroutinedayafterday.

D.Heisseldomworriedaboutthelong-termconsequencesofhisactions.

13.WhatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodoinHershfield'sexperiment?

A.Drawasimplegraph.

B.Selectapairofcircles.

C.Predicttheiroverallwellbeing.

D.Comparetheirreal-lifebehaviours.

14.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“squirrelledaway”underlinedinparagraph4?

A.Cost.B.Takenout.

C.Donated.D.Setaside.

15.Whatisawaytoleadahappierlifeaccordingtothetext?

A.Consideringyourfutureself.

B.Beinggratefulforwhatyouhave.

C.Reflectingonyourpreviousbehavior.

D.Makingpersonalsacrificestohelpothers.

【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明如果一个人觉得现在的自己与

未来的自己有联系，那么他就越会为了未来而努力。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Iftheselforpersonoftoday,andthatoftomorrow,arenotthesame,butonly

likepersons,thepersonoftodayisreallynomoreinterestedinwhatwillbefall（降临到...头上）thepersonof

tomorrow,thaninwhatwillbefallanyotherperson/'JosephButler,awell-knownphilosopherwrotein1736.（“如

果今天的自我或人与明天的自我或人并不相同，而只是相似的人，那么今天的人对未来将发生什么并不比

其他任何人将发生什么更感兴趣，”著名哲学家JosephButler在1736年写道）”可知，这个假设的人对未来

的事情并不是很感兴趣，也就是不太会担心自己的行为会有什么长期的后果。故选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Thecirclesoverlapped（重整）tovaryingdegrees,andtheparticipantshadto

identifywhichpairbestdescribedhowsimilarandhowconnectedtheyfelttoafutureself10yearsfromnow.（这些

圆圈在不同程度上重叠，参与者必须确定哪一对最能描述他们与10年后的自己有多相似，以及他们觉得自

己有多联系）”可知，参与者被要求选出一对圆圈来代表自己。故选B。

【14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句"What'smore,peoplewhoscorehighlyonthefutureself-continuitymeasure

havehighermoralstandardsthanthepeoplewhostruggletoidentifywiththeirfutureselves.（此夕卜，在未来自我连

续性测试中得分较高的人比那些难以认同未来自我的人有更高的道德标准）”可知，认同未来自我的人会更

好。由此推测，越觉得和未来自我有联系的人存的钱也更多。选项A“Cosi（花费）”；选项B"Takenoul（取

出）”；选项C"Donated（捐赠）”；选项D"Seiaside（存储、放置一边）”。故选D。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段uHershfieldconfirmedthatsomeone's（in）abilitytoidentifywiththeirfiiture

selfcanhavelong-termconsequencesfbrtheiroverallwellbeingandthatoursenseofconnectiontoourfutureselves

canbestrengthened.（Hcrshficld证实，一个人认同未来自己的能力会对他们的整体幸福产生长期影响，我们

与未来自己的联系感会得到加强）”以及最后一段“Itmightseemstrangetostarta“conversation"withan

imaginedpersonbutonceyourfutureselfbecomesaliveinyourmind,youmayfinditmucheasiertomakethesmall

personalsacrifices（牺牲）lhalareessentialtopreserveyourwellbeing.（和想象中的人开始•段“对话”能看起

来很奇怪，但一旦未来的自己在你的脑海中活跃起来，你可能会发现更容易做出一些个人的小牺牲，这对保

持你的幸福至关重。）”可推知，如果想要过上幸福的生活，就要考虑将来的自己。故选A。

第二节供5小题海小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Theweatherforecastcallsforaslightchanceofthunderstorms,butyoucanonlyseeafewwhiteclouds

overhead.16Youspendafewminuteswarmingupandthenwait!Isthatthunderyouhear?Wasthata

lightningflash?

Whatdoyoudo?Keepplayinguntilthethunderandlightninggetcloser?Gositonthemetalbench（长

椅）underthetreestoseewhathappens?Orgetinyourcaranddrivehonie?Correctanswer:Ifnosubsiantial,non-

concreteshelterisnearby,getinyourcarandwaitoutthestorm.Why?

17A1thoughtheoddsofbeingstruckbylightninginagivenyeararelessthanIinamillion,some

factorscanputyouatgreaterrisk.Lightningmostoftenstrikespeoplewhoworkoutsideorengageinoutdoor

recreationalactivities.18Floridaisconsideredthe“lightningcapital“ofthecountry,withmorethan

2,000lightninginjuriesoverthepasc50years.From2009to2018Jightningcausedanaverageof27deathsper

yearintheUnitedStates.19

•Iftheweatherforecastcallsfbrthunderstorms,postponeyourtriporactivity.

•Whenthunderrolls,goindoors.Findasafe,enclosedshelter.Safesheltersincludehomes,offices,shopping

centers,andhard-topvehicleswiththewindowsrolledup.

•20Afteryouseelightning,startcountingto30.Ifyouhearthunderbeforeyoureach30,goindoors.

Suspendactivitiesforatleast30minutesafterthelastclapofthunder.

•Ifyouarccaughtoutsidewithnosafeshelternearby,crouch（蹲下）downinaball-likepositionwithyour

headtucked（收拢）andhandsoveryourcars.

A.Don'tforgetthe30-30rule.

B.Avoidusingelectronicequipmentofalltypes.

C.Soyouandyourtennispartnerheadforthetenniscourt.

D.Herearesometipstoreduceyourriskofbeingstruckbylightning.

E.Performthefollowingactionsifyouareaccidentallycaughtinanopenarea.

F.Becausebeingoutsidewhenlightningispresentisnotsomethingtotakelightly.

G.Regionaldifferencescanalsoaffectyourriskofbeinginjuredbylightning.

【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.D20.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了遇到雷暴天气该怎么做。

【16题详解】

下文“Youspendafewminuteswarmingupandthenwait!”（你花几分钟热身，然后等等!）说明，此时热

身是因为要准备开始运动，与选项C.Soyouandyourtennispartnerheadforthetenniscourt.（所以你和你的

网球伙伴前往网球场。）相一致。故选C。

【17题详解】

」：文uCorrectanswer:Ifnosubstantial,non-concreteshelterisnearby,getinyourcarandwaitoutthestorm.

Why?”（正确答案：如果附近没有实质性的非混凝土避难所，请上车等待暴风雨来临。为什么？）提到了

为什么上车等待，下文要给出原因，与选项F.Becausebeingoutsidewhenlightningispresentisnotsomething

totakelightly.（因为当闪电发生时，在外面是一件不能掉以轻心的事情。）相一致。故选F。

【18题详解】

下文“Floridaisconsideredthe“lightningcapital”ofthecountry,withmorethan2,000lightninginjuriesoverthe

past50years."（佛罗里达州被认为是该国的“闪电之都”，在过去50年中发生了2000多起雷击伤事件。）

举了佛罗里达州的例子说明该地区是发生雷击最多的地方之一，说明不同地区雷击发生的概率不同，与选

项G.Regionaldifferencescanalsoaffectyourriskofbeinginjuredbylightning.（地区差异也会影响你被闪电

伤害的风险。）相一致。故选G。

【19题详解】

下文“If（heweatherforecastcallsforthunderstorms,postponeyourtriporactivity.w（如果天气预报说有雷

暴，请推迟你的旅行或活动。）以及之后的几段都在讲遇到雷暴天气该怎么做，与选项D.Herearesome

tipstoreduceyourriskofbeingstruckbylightning.（这里有一些提示可以降低被闪电击中的风险。）相一致。

故选D。

【20题详解】

下文“Afteryouseelightning,startcountingto30.Ifyouhearthunderbeforeyoureach30,goindoors.Suspend

activitiesforatleast30minutesafter（helastclapofthunder.w（看到闪电后，开始数到30。如果你在数到30

之前听到雷声，请进入室内。在最后一声雷声响起后暂停活动至少30分钟。）解释了两个30的数字，与选

项A.Don'tforgetthe30-30rule.（不要忘记30-30法则）相一致°故选A。

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。

AFloridamanlikestoshopatgaragesalesforoldplaques侈己念匾）sohecanreusethewoodenbacks.

Recently,hewaslookingthrougha21heboughtyearsagowhenone22asmallballcaught

hiseye.

Themantookamomentto23whalwaswrittenontheplaqueandquicklyrealizedtherewas

a24stoneinsidetheball-apieceofmoonrockbroughtbackontheApollo17missionin1972.The

plaqueandrockhadbeena25tothestateofLouisianabythen-PresidentRichardNixon

but26endedupinagaragesaleforthemantofindyearslater.

"Ican'teventellyouhowlongI27itfbr.I'mnotevensurehowmuchI28forit.The

woodintheplaquesissuchnicewoodandthatiswhatI29themfor,"themansaid.Theman

3（）theLouisianagovernor'soffice,which3]himtotheLouisianaStateMuseum.The

manhand-deliveredhis32totheLouisianaStateMuseum.Hedidn'twanttotakeachance（hat

somethingmighthappentoitduring33.Themuseum'sdirectoris34forhisgenerosity

and35fbrreunitingthestatewiththispricelessobject.4tItisanextraordinarypieceofLouisiana

history/'hesaid."We're36totakepossessionofthisp