专题十八 主从复合句课件

备战2022中考英语语法专题过关专题十八主从复合句2021年中考考点真题1.(天津)—Couldyoutellme________"theFatherofHybridRice"?—Becausehehelpedmanycountriesgrowmorerice.A.whenwasYuanLongpingcalled B.whyisYuanLongpingcalledC.whenYuanLongpingwascalled D.whyYuanLongpingiscalled2.(达州)Couldyoutellus?Whendoesthebandstartplayingthisevening?（两句合并成一句）Couldyoutellus______theband______playingthisevening？D考点1：宾语从句whenstarts2021年中考考点真题3.(天津)Mycousinbecameacountrydoctor________hefinishedmedicalschool.A.after B.sothat C.but D.so4.(无锡)________weˈvemadethepromise,letˈskeeptoitandnotgiveupeasily.A.Whether B.Since C.Though D.Unless5.(遂宁)Maryshutthewindowjustnow____shecouldkeeptheinsectsout.A.sothat B.when C.till

D.afterAB考点2：状语从句A2021年中考考点真题6.(贵州)OnDecember31,2020,theNewYearspeech______PresidentXiJinpingmadeencouragedusChinesetoworkharderforourmotherland.A.who B.whose C.which D.what7.(甘肃)Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A.whom B.whose C.who D.whichCC考点3：定语从句主从复合句宾语从句状语从句

图解语法①需要性原则;

that连接代词:what,which,who,whom,whose等连接副词:when,how,where,why等语序:引导词:

陈述句时态:②呼应性原则;③特殊性原则;引导词①原因状语从句:because,since②时间状语从句:when,while,before③条件状语从句:if,unles④目的状语从句:so

that,

in

order

that⑤让步状语从句:though/although⑥方式状语从句:as,as

if/though⑦结果状语从句:so...that...,such...that...③since引导的时间状语从句时态:①主将从现;②主祈/情从现;定语从句

关系代词:that,who,which,whom,whose

关系副词:when,where,why考点1：宾语从句宾语从句的定义They

know

theteacher.主语

谓语

宾语They

know

thattheteacherisaman.主语

谓语

宾语(句子）宾语从句(OBJECTCLAUSE)是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。考点1：宾语从句1.that

在句中无词义，不充当句子成分，一般可以省略。

Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear.

2.whether/if在从句中不做任何成分，意为"是否"，if/whether不能省略。Idon'tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.3.疑问词代词/副词：what/who/which/when/where/why/how等在从句中做成分，意为与作疑问词相同，不能省略。Idon'tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.宾语从句的连词考点1：宾语从句宾语从句的时态1、主现从任：主句是一般时态，从句时态根据实际情况使用时态。Theheadmasterhopeseverythinggoeswell.2、主过从过：主句是过去时态，从句须用与过去有关的时态。Shewassorrythatshehadn’tfinishedherworkontime.3、真理永现：当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.考点1：宾语从句宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。Couldyoutellmewhenthetrainwillleave?HeaskedifIdidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.考点1：宾语从句否定转移是指否定形式在主句，而否定的信息焦点却在从句。否定转移宾语从句的否定前移，需要满足两个条件：①主句的主语是I或者是we，时态是一般现在时；②条件是主句的谓语动词是“认为，相信，猜测”概念的动词“believe,suppose,expect,consider,guess等”。Idon’tbelievehecanfinishhishomeworkintime.Shethinksshecan’tarrivehereontime.1.Iwonder__Tomhadagoodtimehavingapicnicyesterday.A.that B.if C.what D.which2.Roseiswondering__________.A.whatisMattdoing B.wherehasJasongoneC.whenwillAronleave D.whodidthewashing3.Lisaisstudyingabroad.Shehasn'tdecided______backtoChinabecauseoftheCOVID-19.A.ifsheflies B.whethershewillflyC.whenwillshefly D.howwillshefly4.—Couldyoutellme_____thebook?—Sure,Iboughtitonline.A.whyyoubought B.whenyouboughtC.whereyoubought D.howmuchyoupaidforBDBD宾语从句---考点练习考点2：状语从句由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰动词、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。①时间状语从句:表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,after,before,till(until),since,assoonas等引导。WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.1、when,

while都有“当……时候”的意思.考点2：状语从句when与while的使用when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间。在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。Iwasjustreadingabookwhensheknockedatthedoor.IwasjustreadingabookwhentheywerewatchingTV.1、when,

while都有“当……时候”的意思.考点2：状语从句when与while的使用while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间.在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在.WhileIwasjustreadingabook,sheknockedatthedoor.WhileIwasjustreadingabook,

theywerewatchingTV.考点2：状语从句as的使用①.某事一发生，另一事立即发生Asthesunrose,thefrogdispersed.Theystrolledintothegardenasthemusicceased.②.在某事发生的过程中另一事发生IheardthemurmuroftheirvoicesasIcrossedthehall.Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.③.两个动作同时发生Hesmiledashepassed.Wegetwiseraswegetolder.until的用法

考点2：状语从句until是一个表示时间的词汇，它作介词或连词，意思是“到…时;直到…为止”。Theyplayedfootballuntilitwasdark.表示谓语动作一直持续到所说时间为止，如图所示：主句时间状语Itwasdark.Theyplayedfootballuntiluntil的用法

考点2：状语从句not...until...“直到......才”，

Ididn’tleaveuntilIfinishedmywork.表示谓语动作从until表示的时间才开始，

如图所示：主句时间状语Ifinishedmywork.Ididn’tleaveuntilIbegantoleave.此句中until常常可以和before意思相似，所以可用before互换。Hejoined...考点2：状语从句since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。Hehasbeenheresincehejoinedthearmy.Heishere...Itisfiveyearssince

hejoinedthearmy.since的用法

assoonas表示“一...就...”引导时间状语从句.考点2：状语从句assoonas的用法

1、指未发生的动作，规律是：主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback.

2、指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主从句都用一般过去时或一般现在时。HetookouthisEnglishbooksassoonashesatdown.

Assoonashefinisheshisclasswork,herunsoutoftheclass.1.Myfather__________(take)metoschooleverydaywhenIwasaprimaryschoolstudent.2.I__________(do)myhomeworkwhenmymothercamebackfromwork.3.AcoupleofGermans__________(take)meforarideseveraltimessinceIcametoGermany.4.IˈllcallyouassoonasLucy________(reach)HongKongtomorrow.5.Whenhesawme,hetoldmethenewsatonce.(为同义句）Hetoldmethenews____________hesawme.6.Johnwillgotobedafterhefinisheshishomework.John_________gotobed_______hefinisheshishomework.tookwasdoinghavetakenreachesassoonaswon'tuntil时间状语从句---考点练习if的用法●.if

从属连词，表示“假如”“如果”时，

引导条件状语从句。Ifit

doesn‘t

rain,wewillgototheparknextSunday.if引导条件状语从句在时态上遵循以下原则：1、主将从现（主句为一般将来时,从句为一般现在时）；Ifitrains,Iwillstayathome.2、主情从现（主句含有情态动词，从句为一般现在时)；Ifyoudrivetoofast,youmayhaveanaccident.3、主祈从现（主句为祈使句,从句要用一般现在时态）；Don'tplaycomputergamesifyoudon'tfinishyourhomework.(从句)(主句)考点2：状语从句考点2：状语从句unless的基本用法unless在意义上相当于if...not，因此在有些场合中unless与if...not可互换使用。UnlessIammistaken，I’veseenthatmanbefore．=lfIamnotmistaken，I’veseenthatmanbefore．

用法在unles引导的肯定形式的条件句中。通常用肯定词(some,already,still,too,aswell等)；在if...not引导的条件句中．通常用非肯定词(any．yet．ever．either．atall等)YoullneverreallyknowwhathappinessisunlessyouhavesomethingtocompareittoIwillinformherifyouhaven’tspokentoheryet．考点2：状语从句aslongas的用法

aslongas在本句中意思是“只要，如果”，这个用法带有假设的语意，

引导条件状语从句。可用于句子开头，起到引导作用；也可放在句中，起到转折作用。Youcangoout,as/solongasyoupromisetobebackbefore11o'clock.你可以出去，只要你答应在11点之前回来。（翻译）条件状语从句---考点练习1.Youcan'tmakeprogressinmathlearning________youworkharder.A.if

B.after

C.unless

D.because2.Wewillmakefewermistakes___wearecarefulenough.A.aslongas

B.sothat

C.asfaras

D.evenif3.—Mikewantstoknowif_______apicnictomorrow.—Yes.Butifit_______,weˈllvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave;willrain

B.youwillhave;willrainC.youwillhave;rains

D.willyouhave;rains4.—MayIgotothemovieswithyou?—Iˈmafraidnot________youhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.CACunlessso...that的用法考点2：状语从句so...that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”，so为副词，修饰形容词或副词；that后跟从句，其句型结构主要有：Tomranso

fast

thatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.Tomisso

tallamanthathealmostreachestheceiling.Weplantedso

manytreesthisyearthattheenviromentbecamebetterandbetter.such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”也引导结果状语从句，

such修饰名词，其结构为：such...that的用法考点2：状语从句Tomissuchatallman

thathealmostreachestheceiling.Itissuchusefuladvice​​​​​​​thatmysisterthinksitisworthtaking.Heisdoingsuchimportantwork

thatvillagersaregratefultohim.连词释义例句inorderthat为了,以便IstartedearlyinorderthatIcouldarrivebeforedark.sothat为的是,以便You'dbettertakeamapwithyousothatyouwon'tgetlost.考点2：状语从句目的状语从句考点2：状语从句

(1)so....that:意为“如此......以至于.....";用来引导结果状语从句。eg：Shewassoangrythatshecouldn'tspeak.(她太生气了，以至于说不出来话了。)

(2)

sothat:意为“为的是，以便于”,用来引导目的状语从句。Ireadmorebookssothaticancatchupwithmyclassmates.(我读更多的书，以便能赶上我的同学。)so....that,与sothat的辨析1.Everyday,hegetsupearly_____hecancatchthefirstbus.A.because B.since C.when D.sothat2.Thebookis_____interesting____Ican'tputitdown．A.so；that B.such；that C.too；to D.very；that3.SantaishanForestParkis__________beautifulthatithasbecomeahottouristattraction.A.so B.very C.such D.quite4.Ourheadmasterasksustowatchnewseveryday______wecanfindoutwhat'sgoingonaroundtheworld.A.sothat B.eventhough C.inorderto

D.insteadof结果、目的状语从句---考点练习D

A

A

A

原因状语从句连词释义例句because因为Everyonelikesmybrotherbecauseheisfriendly.since因为,既然Sincewehavenoideaaboutit,let'saskMr.Li.as因为,由于Asitwasgettinglate,wetookthechildrenhome.考点2：状语从句让步状语从句连词释义例句though/although虽然,尽管Though/Althoughheisrich,helivesasimplelife.eventhough/evenif即使Evenif/thoughwefail,wewillnotstoptrying.考点2：状语从句原因、让步状语从句---考点练习1.Myfatherdidnˈtbuythatcamera____itwastooexpensive.A.though B.because C.if D.so2._________peoplehavetobeatleast18togetthevaccinate(疫苗),Ihavetowaitseveralweeksformynextbirthday.A.Since B.Before C.Until D.When3.Ithinkthiskindofmobilephonewillbefashionablethisyear,________Iˈmnotcompletelysure.A.as B.if C.until D.though4.—Whydopeoplelikepopmusic?Ihateitsomuch.—__________itisnotyourstyle,thatdoesnˈtmeanitisbad.A.AslongasB.Assoonas C.Sothat D.EventhoughBADD连词释义例句whenever无论何时Wheneveryouneedsomehelp,givemeacall.however无论如何Howeverdifficultthetaskis,wemustcompleteit.whatever无论什么WhateveryoudoI'mbehindyou.考点2：状语从句定语从句的定义：是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，起形容词作用，也称为形容词性从句。考点3：定语从句定语从句的结构Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.定语从句的位置：定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后，是一种后置定语。定语从句构成：先行词+关系词+从句。先行词被从句修饰或限定的对象。关系词①连接主从句。②指代先行词。

③在定语从句中充当成分。从句考点3：定语从句定语从句中的关系代词Thepresentwhich/thathesentmeisanicewatch.Hesentmeapresent.Thepresentisanicewatch.指代present当先行词是物，并在从句中做主语或宾语时，关系代词可用which或that；关系代词充当从句主语时，不能省略，充当宾语时，可以省略。考点3：定语从句定语从句中的关系代词Heisastudent(who,whom,that)weshouldlearnfrom.HeisastudentWeshouldlearnfromhim.指代student当先行词是人，在从句中做主语或宾语时，关系代词用who或that；在从句中做宾语，也可用whom,做介词的宾语时，不能用who。关系代词充当从句主语时，不能省略，充当宾语时，可以省略。考点3：定语从句定语从句中的关系代词IsthereanyonewhosenameisLinda?Isthereanyone?HernameisLinda.指代anyone’swhose

做先行词的所有格，先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。定语从句---考点练习1.—DoyouknowLiZiqi?—Ofcourse.Sheisabeautifulgirl__